ME 422 Experiment No 4

Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 15

Experiment No.

4
Name of the Experiment: Study and Performance Test of a Positive
Displacement Pump

Date of Performance:
Objective:

a. To find the pump performance for a range of delivery pressures (varied load) at a constant speed.

b. To find the pump performance for a range of speeds at a constant delivery pressure (load).

c. To show how reduced inlet pressures affect pump performance and cause cavitation.

Apparatus:

Experimental Setup:

Pressure, Temperature,
and Flow Display

Universal
Dynamometer
Oval Gear Flow
Meter

Piston Pump Oil


Reservoir

Figure 1: Positive displacement pump module


Figure 2: Schematic diagram of piston pump setup
Experiment: 4(a)
Experiment Name: Effect of Delivery Pressure at Constant Speed
Objective:
To find the pump performance for a range of delivery pressures (varied load) at a constant speed.

Procedure:

o Fit the pump according to the instructions.

o Fully open inlet and delivery valves.

o Use button on the pressure display to zero all the pressure readings.

o Zero the torque reading of the MFP100 Universal Dynamometer.

o Press the start button on the Motor Drive and run the speed to 1600 rpm (+/- 5 rpm) for at
least five minutes and monitor the oil temperature until it stabilizes. Check that any air
bubbles have moved away from the flowmeter.

o Record the speed and oil temperature.

o Slowly shut the delivery valve and maintain the speed until the delivery pressure reaches
2 bar. Allow a few seconds for conditions to stabilize. Record the indicated flow and
pressures.

o Continue increasing the delivery pressure in 1 bar steps (while keeping the speed constant)
to a maximum of 15 bar. At each step, allow a few seconds for conditions to stabilize and
record the indicated flow and pressures.

o (Optional) Repeat the test at two other lower speeds (1200 rpm and 800 rpm are
recommended).
Data from experiment:
Swept Volume, Vs = 0.00715 L/rev, Speed, NP = rpm,
Expected Flow = L/min
Oil Temperature, T1 = (at Start), (at end)

Data Table:
Obs. Delivery Inlet Pressure Pressure Flow Shaft Hydraulic Overall Volumetric
No Pressure Pressure Difference Difference Rate Power Power Efficiency Efficiency
P2(bar) P1,(bar) ΔP ,(Bar) ΔP ,(Pa) Qv, WD, WP, ɳP ,(%) ɳv, (%)
(L/min) (W) (W)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Calculation:

Mechanical Power (into the pump), WD =

Hydraulic Power (from the pump), WP = (p2 - p1) Qv =

Overall Pump Efficiency, ηP =

Swept Volume VS =

Expected Volume Flow rate = VS × Np =

Volumetric Efficiency, ηV = Qv /(VS × Np) × 100 =

Discussion:
• Compare the Flow rate, Shaft power, Volumetric efficiency, and Overall efficiency with
Pressure difference.

• Create one chart with two vertical axes one for flow rate and other one for volumetric
efficiency, overall efficiency, and shaft power.

• Discuss the individual parameters behavior with the change of pressure difference.

• If some readings of volumetric efficiency give more than 100% value, explain why?

• If the test is run at other speeds, repeat the above discussions, and compare them.
Experiment: 4(b)
Experiment Name: Effect of Speed at Constant Speed Delivery
Pressure
Objective:
To find the pump performance for a range of speeds at a constant delivery pressure (load).

Procedure:

o Fit the pump according to the instructions.

o Fully open inlet and delivery valves and use button on the pressure display to zero all the
pressure readings.

o Zero the torque reading of the MFP100 Universal Dynamometer.

o Press the start button on the Motor Drive and run the speed to 1600 rpm (+/- 5 rpm) for at
least five minutes and monitor the oil temperature until it stabilizes.

o Wait for any trapped air bubbles to move from the flowmeter.

o Slowly shut the delivery valve and maintain the speed until the delivery pressure reaches
15 bar.

o Allow a few seconds for conditions to stabilize. Record the speed, oil temperature, the
indicated flow (from display) and pressures.

o Reduce the speed by 100 rpm while adjusting the delivery pressure to keep it constant at
15 bar. Allow the conditions to stabilize and record the indicated flow and pressures.

o Continue decreasing the speed in 100 rpm steps (while keeping the pressure constant) until
you reach 800 rpm. At each step, record the indicated flow and pressure.

o (Optional) Repeat the test at two other fixed delivery pressure (10 bar and 5 bar are
recommended)
Data from experiment:
Swept Volume, Vs = 0.00715 L/rev, Delivery Pressure, P2= bar
Oil Temperature, T1 = (at Start), (at end)

Data Table:
Obs. Speed, Inlet Pressure Flow Expected Shaft Hydraulic Overall Volumetric
No NP Pressure Difference rate Flow, Power Power Efficiency Efficiency
(rpm) P1,(bar) ΔP ,(Pa) Qv, (L/min) WD, WP, ɳP ,(%) ɳv, (%)
(L/min) (W) (W)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Calculation:

Mechanical Power (into the pump), WD =

Hydraulic Power (from the pump), WP = (p2 - p1) Qv =

Overall Pump Efficiency, ηP =


Swept Volume VS =

Expected Volume Flow rate = VS × Np =

Volumetric Efficiency,  ηV = Qv /(VS × Np) × 100 =

Discussion:
• Compare the Flow rate, Shaft power, Volumetric efficiency, and Overall efficiency with
Pump speed.

• Create one chart with two vertical axes, one for flow rate and other one for volumetric
efficiency, overall efficiency, and shaft power.

• Discuss the individual parameters behavior with the change of pump speed.

• If the test is run at other delivery pressures, repeat the above discussions, and compare
them.
Experiment: 4(c)
Experiment Name: Effect of Inlet Pressure on Pump Performance
Objective:
To show how reduced inlet pressures affect pump performance and cause cavitation.

Procedure:

o Fit the pump according to the instructions.

o Fully open inlet and delivery valves.

o Use button on the pressure display to zero all the pressure readings.

o Zero the torque reading of the MFP100 Universal Dynamometer.

o Press the start button on the Motor Drive and run the speed to 1600 rpm (+/- 5 rpm) for at
least five minutes and monitor the oil temperature until it stabilizes.

o Wait for any trapped air bubbles to move from the flowmeter.

o Slowly shut the delivery valve and maintain the speed until the delivery pressure reaches
2 bar.

o While keeping the speed and delivery pressure constant, use the inlet valve to reduce the
inlet pressure to the nearest 0.1 bar.

o Allow a few seconds for conditions to stabilize, then record the speed, the oil temperature,
the indicated flow, and pressures.

o Continue decreasing the inlet pressure in 0.1 bar steps (while keeping the delivery pressure
and speed constant) until you can hear a change in sound from the pump (cavitation). At
each step, record the indicated flow and pressures.
Data from experiment:
Swept Volume, Vs = 0.00715 L/rev, Pump Speed, Np = rpm
Expected Flow = L/min
Delivery Pressure, P2 = bar
Oil Temperature, T1 = (at Start), (at end)

Data Table:
Inlet Pressure Flow Shaft Hydraulic Overall Volumetric
Obs. Pressure Difference rate Power Power Efficiency Efficiency
No P1,(bar) ΔP ,(Pa) Qv, WD, WP, ɳP ,(%) ɳv, (%)
(L/min) (W) (W)

8
Calculation:

Mechanical Power (into the pump), WD =

Hydraulic Power (from the pump), WP = (p2 - p1) Qv =

Overall Pump Efficiency, ηP =

Swept Volume VS =

Expected Volume Flow rate = VS × Np =

Volumetric Efficiency, ηV = Qv /(VS × Np) × 100 =

Discussion:
• Compare the Flow rate, Shaft power, Volumetric efficiency and Overall efficiency with
inlet pressure.

• Create one chart with two vertical axes, one for flow rate and other one for volumetric
efficiency, overall efficiency and shaft power.

• Discuss the individual parameters behavior with the change of pump speed.

• Comment on how low the inlet pressures (that can cause cavitation) affect the performance
of the pump.

You might also like