Quiz 1 Theories of Crime Causation (Dacer, Bailym S.)

Name: Dacer, Bailym S.
Subject: Theories of Crime Causation

Yr/Level: 2nd Yr BSCRIM (C2021)
1.What are the similarities of Classical, Neo-classsical, Italian or

Positivist school?
The similarities of Classical, Neo classical ,Italian or Positivist school is they are all contained in
the foundation Criminal justice .The Classical school is a concept of free will is used in
traditional criminology to explain why criminals choose to commit crimes and why the best
approach to regulate it is to discourage criminals by making it uncomfortable or unprofitable
for them to do crimes. Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham are the two figures most closely
linked to classical criminology. Beccaria was interested in creating a social control system that
was more logical and compassionate. When considering whether to engage in deviant behavior,
people assess pleasure and suffering, according to a theory articulated by Bentham. Also The
classical school of criminology is a school of management thought in which theorists developed
into how to find the best possible way for workers to perform their tasks. And for the neo-
classical it is a views downplay or disregard other issues including poverty, opportunity gaps,
and historical oppression. Neoclassical thinkers hold people fully responsible for crimes
committed, rather than the environment.
Neo-classical criminology placed a strong emphasis on the rights of the person, due process,
alternative punishment, and the law. Neoclassical theorists, who date back to the late 1800s,
put greater emphasis on the crime's nature than the perpetrator. Later, proponents of the
neoclassical school drew on evidence from science, criminal motive, and repercussions.
Furthermore, when someone commits a crime, they have no free will. Therefore, according to
neoclassical theory, crimes need a fair trial. Neoclassical thought is the source of many rights in
contemporary society. For instance, today's criminal justice system includes liberty, search and
seizure, incarceration, trials, punishment, self-incrimination, and interpreters. While Positivists
contend that morality is not a necessary foundation for law and that it is impossible to evaluate
law from a moral perspective. Supporters of the legal positivism school, including Hart and
Mills, contend that morality and the law should exist in separate domains. A kind of positivism
known as utilitarianism holds that the purpose of laws should simply be to maximize the
pleasure or utility of the majority of people.
Classical and Positivist Schools both share the same idea that criminal behavior could be
controlled and is a consequence of human nature that is innate in all people. The two schools
believe that the most serious crimes can only be perpetrated by people who are atavistic or
primitive, or people who failed to change into a civilized and fully human state. All the same,
Positivist school is concerned with reforming the offenders by logically identifying and isolating
the decisive causes of the individual offenders criminal behavior, while Classical School centers
on retribution by creating an environment wherein crime is based on human free will. Offense
is a choice, according to the classical school of criminology, and punishment should be
proportionate to the crime (think eye-for-an-eye or blood-for-blood). The Neo-classical are
similar, but they think that aggravating and mitigating factors should be taken into account
when determining punishment. According to the positivist school, criminal behavior is
determined by biological factors and is not the result of the offender's own free will
2. What are the differences of Classical, Neo-classical, Italian or

Positivist school?
The difference of Classical,Neo-classical, Italian or Positivist school. It is mainly based on free
will and suggests that crime as a choice, whereas Neo-classical thought is the source of many
rights in contemporary society and positivism is criminology argues that crime is not a choice.
Classical,Neo-classical and Positivist school are three significant theories in Criminology.The said
theories are three of the early significant theories in criminology but difference in explaining
crime causation and punishment.Classical emphasizes free will and rationality on the part of
the perpetrator,holds that all people are capable of committing crime, since they all pursue
their own self-interests and some crimes benefit people.Also people know what they are doing
and should be punished, Classical should be strong enough to other people from the crime and
should be harsher than the criminal gain and for the Neo-classical admits
environment,psychological and other mitigating circumstances as modifying condition of free
will and rationality and holds that evident differences exist among perpetrators such as
age,gender and social class. However, they different approach from those other criminals. in
Neo-classical what it mainly focuses is asserting the certain categories for offenders such as
minors, insane persons they needed to be treated differently with those other offenders.
Neo-classical it have free will can be inhibited in some situations which may mitigate personal
responsibility also Neo-classical is a different to other theories because this theories is a crime
committed by ales responsible or rational being is less guided by reason and is therefore. And
for the positivism it is describes an analytical approach based on the accumulation of verifiable
scientific data.Positivist contend that it is possible to quantify and see the reasons of
behavior.It calls for facts and scientific evidence, transforming the investigation of crimes and
offenders into a scientific.the first to stress the significance of examining individual differences
among offenders were positive theorists. These theories, who focused on a person's particular
structures, claimed that humans are passive and under control, and that biological and
environmental variables dictate their activities.
The neo-classical school of criminology, which followed the classical school is referred to as
positivism. Neo-classical criminology placed a strong emphasis on the rights of the person due
process alternative punishment and the law. Neo-classical theorists put greater emphasis on
the crime's nature than the perpetrator. Later proponents of the neo-classical school drew on
evidence from science, criminal motive, and repercussions. Furthermore, when someone
commits a crime they have no free will. The difference of Classical,Neo-classical, Italian or
Positivist school. It is mainly based on free will and suggests that crime as a choice.

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Name: Dacer, Bailym S.

Subject: Theories of Crime Causation

1.What are the similarities of Classical, Neo-classsical, Italian or

2. What are the differences of Classical, Neo-classical, Italian or

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