Baxter V Scientology: Florence Burke Declaration

Case 8:22-cv-00986-TPB-JSS Document 107-1 Filed 09/13/22 Page 1 of 24 PageID 1238
Exhibit A
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

MIDDLE DISTRICT OF FLORIDA
TAMPA DIVISION
)
GAWAIN BAXTER et al., )
Plaintiffs, )
vs. )
) Case No. 8:22-cv-00986 -TPB-JSS
DAVID MISCAVIGE et al., )
Defendants. )
_________________________________ )
DECLARATION OF FLORENCE BURKE
1. I base this declaration on knowledge of human trafficking I have gathered

from interviews and interactions I have had with hundreds of trafficked
individuals, as well as on my clinical training, experience, study, and research.
I have worked with victims of various forms of abuse since 1975 and have
developed an expertise in human trafficking and modern-day slavery since
1997. I have provided training on human trafficking to federal prosecutors and
investigators at the National Advocacy Center in Columbia, South Carolina
and to adjudicators at the Vermont Service Center where T Visa applications
are received and adjudicated. I was an active member of the international
training team of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
and have served on the State Department’s contractor teams that train
criminal justice system prosecutors, judges, attorneys, and NGOs in countries
where human trafficking is prevalent.
2. I also work with exploited and trafficked victims, and have regularly
conducted trainings for law enforcement officers, foreign officials, lawyers,
social service providers, and the general public on how to identify trafficking. I
have been asked to speak about best practices for working with trafficking
victims and to provide training and workshops on these practices in Taiwan,
Thailand, Austria, Serbia, France, Fiji, Mali, Ukraine, Greece, Cyprus, Costa
Rica, India, Bahamas, Portugal and Mexico, as well as in the United States. I
create curricula, review best practices, and have facilitated expert working
groups, including for the Office for Victims of Crime and the Bureau of Justice
Affairs at the U.S. Department of Justice. I consult with nongovernmental
1
organizations and assist in capacity building and responding to human

trafficking; I also provide guidance on specific cases.
3. In addition to my training activities, I have a vast amount of direct experience

with victims of human trafficking. I am a founder and former Senior Director
of International Programs at Safe Horizon, a crime victim service agency. At
Safe Horizon, I supervised services for approximately 300 victims of human
trafficking. I have interviewed hundreds of trafficking victims, including
agricultural workers, domestic workers, nannies, factory workers, workers in
the hospitality industry, and those forced into commercial sexual exploitation.
Through my extensive interviews with hundreds of victims, I have learned
about victims’ recruitment; the conditions of their travel; the circumstances of
their labor; the reasons they felt coerced within the labor situation; and the
details of how they finally were able to escape or be rescued from the
situation.
4. My expertise in providing services to victims of the crime of human trafficking

was profiled in a 2004 video produced by the U.S. Department of Justice
called “Liberty and Justice for Victims of Modern Day Slavery;” a 2006
Department of Justice video entitled, “Give Us Freedom: Liberty and Justice
for Victims of Modern-Day Slavery;” and in the video, “Responding to
Victims of Human Trafficking,” a training video created for victim service
providers by the Office for Victims of Crime within the Department of Justice.
5. I have testified about human trafficking and worker exploitation at hearings

before the U.S. House of Representatives Judiciary Committee, the U.S.
House of Representatives House Oversight and Reform Committee, and the
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. In 2007, I was awarded the
National Crime Victim Service Award by the Department of Justice for my
work with victims of crime, including victims of human trafficking and was
honored by the Department of Labor’s Wage and Hour Division. In 2013, I
was presented with the inaugural Presidential Award for Extraordinary Efforts
to Combat Trafficking in Persons.
6. I have received advanced training in the recognition, evaluation, and

treatment of psychological trauma, as well as the symptom clusters of both
Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome, Complex Trauma and Rape Trauma
Syndrome from New York University, Massachusetts General Hospital, and
other professional entities. I completed coursework in the Psy.D. Program in
Clinical Psychology at the Professional School of Psychology (1985-1988)
without a terminal degree; I hold a Master’s degree in Clinical Psychology
from John F. Kennedy University (1980); a Master’s degree in Special
Education from Boston University (1966); and a Bachelor’s degree in Deaf
2
Education from the University of Arizona (1965). I also completed the

International Trauma Studies Program Advanced Certificate Training at New
York University (1999-2000); hold a certificate in nonprofit management from
New York University (1994); and was a licensed marriage, family, and child
therapist from 1983-2007. I have particular expertise in the psychological
dynamics of human trafficking and its impact upon victims.
7. I have served as an expert witness in dozens of cases, including federal

criminal and civil human trafficking cases. See List of Cases, attached as
Exhibit 1 hereto.
8. Forced labor, peonage and human trafficking unfortunately remain

widespread and can be found in agriculture, garment manufacturing,
prostitution, food service industries, factory work, domestic service or servile
marriages, among others.
9. Congress enacted the Trafficking Victim Protection Act in part “to address the
increasingly subtle methods of traffickers” who restrain their victims without
resort to physical violence. H.R.Rep. No. 106–939, at 101 (2000) (Conf. Rep.).
10. Most labor trafficking victims are subjected to psychological abuse. For
example, a major study on the health risks and consequences of trafficking in
women reported that psychological control tactics include intimidation and
threats; lies and deception; emotional manipulation; and unsafe,
unpredictable, and uncontrollable events. Such psychological abuse is
generally persistent, commonly extreme, and frequently perpetrated in such a
way as to destroy a woman’s mental and physical defenses. The negative
mental health consequences that result are numerous and often long-term. 1
11. Labor traffickers use a variety of methods to obtain and control their victims.
Some traffickers use direct threats or violence, but others use more subtle
forms of coercion and control.
12. According to a recent study on labor trafficking, the most common form of
victimization that individuals experienced at the hands of their traffickers
involved methods that disoriented and deprived them from seeking
alternatives to their situation. 2 Such methods include isolation, restricted
1
Cathy Zimmerman et al., The Health Risks and Consequences of Trafficking in Women and Adolescents,
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (2003).
2
Colleen Owens et al., Understanding the Organization, Operation, and Victimization Process of Labor
Trafficking in the United States at 80, Urban Institute (2014),
https://www.urban.org/research/publication/understanding-organization-operation-and-
victimization-process-labor-trafficking-united-states.
3
communications, and monitoring or surveillance. The study also found that

another form of victimization was demeaning and demoralizing the worker. 3
This method included verbal abuse, sexual abuse, and humiliation. For many
survivors of human trafficking, the verbal abuse and shaming they were forced
to endure from the perpetrators were enough to stop them from trying to seek
help or escape their situation. These findings are consistent with my
experience.
13. Congress has found that “[b]ecause victims of trafficking are frequently
unfamiliar with the laws, cultures, and languages of the countries into which
they have been trafficked, because they are often subjected to coercion and
intimidation including physical detention and debt bondage, and because they
often fear retribution and forcible removal to countries in which they will face
retribution or other hardship, these victims often find it difficult or impossible
to report the crimes committed against them or to assist in the investigation
and prosecution of such crimes.” 22 U.S.C. § 7101(b)(20).
14. Congress also found that “traffickers often transport victims from their home
communities to unfamiliar destinations, including foreign countries away
from family and friends, religious institutions, and other sources of protection
and support, leaving the victims defenseless and vulnerable.” 22 U.S.C. §
7101(b)(5).
15. These Congressional findings are consistent with my professional experience

of working on trafficking cases. Typically, victims of worker exploitation and
human trafficking suffer in silence because they neither know their rights, nor
do they have any idea where to get help, even if they did leave their situation.
16. The allegations in the complaint reflect methods commonly used by

traffickers, consistent with methods I have observed in other cases.
17. The Plaintiffs were faced with many examples of what happened to people
trying to leave or people who failed to comply, and Plaintiffs themselves were
thwarted in their attempts to leave. The punishments reinforced a pervasive
climate of fear. The onerous rules and restrictions deprived the Plaintiffs of a
sense of autonomy
3
Colleen Owens et al., Understanding the Organization, Operation, and Victimization Process of Labor
Trafficking in the United States at 80, Urban Institute (2014),
https://www.urban.org/research/publication/understanding-organization-operation-and-
victimization-process-labor-trafficking-united-states at 80-81.
4
18. Ultimately, many factors may contribute to an individual’s decision to remain:

deception, document withholding, isolation, intimidation, sleep deprivation,
shame, physical punishment and most of all, the pervasive climate of fear
established and maintained by the traffickers.
19. Being subjected to such conditions for extended periods of time can be
paralyzing, leaving victims believing they have no meaningful choice but to
stay. The infliction of trauma through these and other means is itself a tool
used by the traffickers to achieve levels of control over their victims that can be
difficult for untrained observers to understand. It is not uncommon for there
to even be some apparent level of freedom of movement, but the victim may
experience it as nothing more than an extended leash.
20. The Defendants in this case demanded absolute, unquestioning devotion,

loyalty and submission. The Plaintiffs in this case were systematically
indoctrinated, manipulated, pressured and punished repeatedly. 4
21. Indoctrination is a process of teaching a person or group to accept a set of

beliefs uncritically. These Plaintiffs were thoroughly indoctrinated from a
young age. Their sense of self was systematically destroyed over time.
Psychological growth of children raised this way is usually stunted. These
Plaintiffs were caught up in a life that dictated rules and demanded obedience.
Every activity of the Plaintiffs was tightly controlled. As is common with
people who experience prolonged trauma in oppressive circumstances, their
survival depended on their ability to not think and to not question.
22. These Plaintiffs were compelled to work and live in these circumstances with
no access to social services, legal services, or other resources that might have
assisted them in escaping and finding help. 5 The only authority figures in their
lives were their traffickers and persons tasked by the traffickers with ensuring
the Plaintiffs’ continued compliance with their demands.
23. The specific theory used by Scientology to justify the application of

highly abusive, destructive methods that enable it to manipulate, break down
and subsequently gain nearly complete coercive control over its subjects,
results in long-term emotional, psychological, and even physical injuries.
This theory is also used to justify odious forms of child abuse and the
covering up of such abuses, including those inflicted upon the Plaintiffs
in this case. 6
4
Complaint. Pgs. 25, 26, 27. ¶36,37,38
5
Complaint. Pg. 37. ¶57
6
Complaint. Pg. 31. ¶ 48
5
24. The methods of coercion in this case were both overt and subtle. The ongoing
indoctrination and systematic exposure to the principles of Scientology and
the rules, hierarchy of command and pressure from members coerced and
compelled the ongoing and relentless labor of these Plaintiffs.
25. These Plaintiffs were held on a ship for years without means of escape.
Plaintiff Valeska was later held in Australia. During that time, they were
mistreated, punished, and humiliated. They were compelled to work in
dangerous places and situations without the proper training, equipment, or
protective gear. They were exposed to hazardous, toxic materials that are
known to have long lasting effects. 7
26. After these Plaintiffs were able to leave, they continued to live within a climate
of fear. The Defendants and their teaching doctrines, methods and structures
continued to control the Plaintiffs who had already suffered greatly and lost
personal agency.
27. The ongoing fear, shame, mistrust, and lack of knowledge about alternatives
rendered these Plaintiffs unable to exercise their rights and take legal action for
many years. Not only were the Plaintiffs controlled by Defendants, but by
family and other members of the organization. They had witnessed the
punishments served to others who had tried to escape or report on harmful
activities of Defendants.
28. The effects of the years spent under the control of the Defendants will most
likely result in long term adverse consequences, including psychological
consequences, for the Plaintiffs. Exposure to complex and chronic trauma can
result in persistent psychological problems. 8
7
Complaint. Pgs. 60, 61. ¶107. “Crocidolite asbestos, also known as blue asbestos, is considered the
most hazardous type of asbestos in the amphibole family. Crocidolite is made up of extremely fine
sharp fibers that are particularly easy to inhale. Studies show that crocidolite is so hazardous, it may
be responsible for more illnesses and deaths than any other type of asbestos.”
https://www.pennmedicine.org/cancer/types-ofcancer/
8
National Scientific Council on the Developing Child. (2010). Early experiences can alter gene expression
and affect long-term development (Working Paper 10). Cambridge, MA: Center on the Developing
Child, Harvard University. Retrieved from <developingchild.harvard.edu/resources/
reports_and_working_papers/working_papers/wp10/>
National Scientific Council on the Developing Child. (2012). The science of neglect: The persistent
absence of responsive care disrupts the developing brain (Working Paper 12). Cambridge, MA: Center on
the Developing Child, Harvard University. Retrieved from <developingchild.harvard.edu/
index.php?cID=476>
6
29. I declare under penalty of perjury that the foregoing is true and correct to the
best of my knowledge.
September 12. 2022 Respectfully sub

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7
Case List
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(N.D. Okla. 2004); EEOC v. John Pickle Company, Inc., No. 02-CV-0979-CVE-FHM
(N.D. Okla. 2006)
ii. U.S. v. Medrano, No. 2:11-cr-00615-BRM-1 (D.N.J. 2012).
iii. Catalan, et al., v. Vermillion Ranch Limited Partnership, et al., No. 1:06-cv-01043-
WYD-MJW (D. Colo. 2006).
iv. Ara v. Khan, et al., No. CV 07-1251 (ARR) (JO) (E.D.N.Y. 2007).
v. U.S. v. Marcus, No. 1:05-cr-00457-ARR-1 (E.D.N.Y. 2007).
vi. U.S. v. Valenzuela, Nos. 09-50581, 09-50582, 09-50586, 09-50587, 09-50611 (9th Cir.
2012).
vii. D’Souza v. Lobo, et al., No. 2:09-cv-00410-TCP-ARL (E.D.N.Y. 2010).
viii. Montano-Perez, et al. v. Durrett Cheese Sales, Inc., et al., No. 3:08-cv-01015 (M.D.
Tenn. 2010).
ix. Baoanan v. Baja, et al., No. 08 Civ. 5962 (VM) (S.D.N.Y. 2009).
x. Magnifico, et al. v. Villanueva, et al., No. 10-cv-80771 (S.D. Fla. 2011).
xi. U.S. v. Jorge Velasquez, et al., No. 1:11-cr-20005 (S.D. Fla. 2011).
xii. Samirah & Enung v. Sabhnani, et al., No. 08-CV-2970 (ADS) (WDW) (E.D.N.Y.
2010).
xiii. Oh v. Choi, et al., No. 1:11-cv-03764-DLI-MDG (E.D.N.Y. 2012).
xiv. Doe v. Howard, et al., No. 1:11-cv-01105 (E.D. Va. 2012).
xv. Elat v. Ngoubene, et al., No. 8:11-cv-02931-PWG (D. Md. 2013).
xvi. U.S. v. Naughton, et al., No. 8:12-cr-00229 (D. Md. 2013)
xvii. Edwards v. Edwards, No. DKC 12-3761 (D. Md. 2014)
xviii. EEOC v. Global Horizons, Inc. et al., No. 11-00257 LEK-RLP (D. Haw. 2014).
xix. U.S. v. Mendez-Hernandez, et al., No. 4:13-cr-00004-LGW-CLR (S.D. Ga. 2013).
xx. Camayo, et al. v. John Peroulis & Sons Sheep, Inc., et al., No. 10-cv-00772-MSK-
MJW (D. Colo. 2013).
1
xxi. EEOC v. Global Horizons Inc., et al., No. 2:11-cv-03045-RMP (E.D. Wash. 2014).
xxii. Lama v. Malik, et al., No. 13-cv-2846 (E.D.N.Y. 2014).
xxiii. Joseph v. Signal International LLC, et al., No. 1:13-cv-00324 (E.D. Tex. 2015).
xxiv. Samuel v. Signal International LLC, et al., No. 1:13-cv-00323 (E.D. Tex. 2014).
xxv. David v. Signal International LLC, et al., No. 08-1220 Section “E” (E.D. La. 2014).
xxvi. Laamine v. Adouzaid, et al., No. 1:13-cv-00793 (E.D. Va. 2014).
xxvii. Cruz v. Maypa, et al., No. 1:13-cv-00862-CMH-IDD (E.D. Va. 2015).
xxviii. Sylla v. Conde, et al., No. 3:14-cv-03681-JFA (D. S.C. 2016).
xxix. Muchira v. Al-Rawaf, et al., No. 1:14-cv-00770-AJT-JFA (E.D. Va. 2015).
xxx. U.S. v. Greene, et al., No. 1:15-cr-00462-JKB (D. Md. 2016).
xxxi. Castro, et al., v. Midwest Rides and Concessions, Inc., et al., No. 0:2016-cv-00014-
DWF-SER (D. Minn. 2017).
xxxii. Mouloki v. Epee, et al., No. 1:14-cv-05532 (N.D. Ill. 2016).
xxxiii. Roe v. Howard, No. 1:16-cv-00562 (E.D. Va. 2018).
xxxiv. U.S. v. Huang, No. 0:16-cr-00263-DSD-KMM (D. Minn. 2017).
xxxv. Wang v. Enlander, No. 1:17-cv-04932 (S.D.N.Y. 2018).
xxxvi. Doe v. Subh Properties, LLC, et al., No. C-22-CV-17-000071 (C.C. Md. 2017).
xxxvii. U.S. v. Hunaity, No. 1:18-cr-00723-RBK-1 (D.N.J. 2020).
xxxviii. Barjo v. Cherian, et al., No. RWT 18-cv-1587 (D. Md. 2018).
xxxix. Akhtar v. Vitamin Herbal Homeopathic Center Inc., et al., No. 1:2019-cv-01422
(E.D.N.Y. 2019).
xl. Wang, et al., v. Gold Mantis Construction Decoration (CNMI), LLC, et al., No. 1:18-
cv-00030 (D. N. Mar. I. 2021).
xli. Macias, et al., Monterrey, et al., No. 3:19-cv-00830 (E.D. Va. 2020).
xlii. Tekle v. Al Saud, et al., No. 1:18-cv-00211-RDA-JFA (E.D. Va. 2019).
xliii. People v. Gamos et al., No.00039-240-SA2017705951
2
FLORENCE REED BURKE

________________________________________________________________________
CURRICULUM VITAE
EDUCATION
• Post Masters, 1985-88, coursework, Psy.D. Program, Clinical Psychology, Professional School of
Psychology, San Francisco, CA.
• M. A., June 1980, Clinical Psychology, John F. Kennedy University, Orinda CA.
• M. Ed., June 1966, Special Education, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.
• B.A., June 1965, Deaf Education, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.
CREDENTIALS
• International Trauma Studies Program Advanced Certificate Training, NYU 1999-2000
• Certificate in Nonprofit Management, New York University. 1994.
• Marriage, Family and Child Therapist License, State of California, #MF18767 (1983-2007)
PROFESSIONAL EMPLOYMENT (partial list).
• Consultant, Human Trafficking, Gender Violence, Human Rights 2007-present. Provide

consultation and training to both governmental and non-governmental organizations nationally
and internationally.
• Freedom Network USA, Co-Chair, Chair Emeritus 2008-2014. Provide leadership to national
network of legal and social service providers
• Freedom Network Training Institute. Coordinator. 2009-2011. Provide leadership and coordinate
training activities for national Human Trafficking training faculty.
• Senior Director of International Programs at Safe Horizon. 2004- 2007 Oversee the Anti-
Trafficking and Solace Program for Survivors of Torture and Refugee Trauma. Liaison with
Federal government officials at Department of Justice, Department of Health and Human
Services, Department of Homeland Security et al. Provide vision and development of program
expansion and best practices. Develop international partners, increase public awareness of Safe
Horizon’s International Programs and supervise Program Direction and Administration. Provide
national training.
• Senior Director of Special Projects, Safe Horizon. 2002-2004. Oversee the Anti-Trafficking
Program and Community Trauma Response Programs. Manage both the ORR and OVC funded
programs and liaison among national and local anti-trafficking efforts. Provide national training
and technical assistance activities. Supervise the development and implementation of the
Community Trauma Response Program following 9/11.
• Curriculum Developer and Trainer, Safe Horizon. 2001-2002. Develop materials and provide
training to clinicians, social services providers for community trauma response to 9/11. Provide
direct services to companies, individuals and groups affected by the attack on the World Trade
Center.
• Trainer, Safe Horizon/Solace Program for Survivors of Torture and Refugee Trauma, 2001-2002.
Provide training to service providers, physicians and community groups on subjects of torture
and trauma. Develop curriculum in these areas.
• Consultant/Trainer/Service Coordinator, Safe Horizon Anti-Trafficking Initiative. 2001-2002.
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FLORENCE REED BURKE

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PAGE TWO
Provide trainings to staff, community organizations, law enforcement about trafficking of

persons, psychological impact and service needs. Coordinate direct services to trafficked
persons. Liaison to local and national agencies and the Federal government.
• Independent Consultant and Grants Writer, 1999-2001. Consult to agencies and
organizations and the New York State Office of Mental Health on the following: Mental Health,
Deafness, Disabilities, Trauma, and Human Rights.
• Trainer/Pro Bono Clinician/Mentor, Doctors of the World, Human Rights Clinic. 1999-2003.
Interview survivors of torture and prepare psychological evaluations to support claims for
asylum. Train other mental health professionals about the psychological sequelae of torture and
the preparation of an affidavit to support an asylum claim.
• Clinical and Community Coordinator, REFUGE, New York University, International
Trauma Studies Program, 2000-2001. Provide training and consultation to programs
working with refugee trauma. Recruit and maintain membership of clinicians in NYC
providing services to victims of torture and refugee trauma. Screen intake referrals and
assign to providers. Design and implement a Family Resilience Project for families who have
suffered refugee trauma. Supervise a website for refugee resources.
• Executive Director, Lexington Center for Mental Health Services, 1995-1999. Responsible for
administrative supervision of all Mental Health Programs; (Outpatient Clinic; School
Mental Health Team; Residence; Child Abuse Prevention; Parents Teaching Parents;
Children’s Intensive Case Management Program; Parent-Infant Therapeutic Nursery; Early
Intervention; NYC Deaf Mexican Transition Program). Represent Lexington Center for
Mental Health Services with the New York State Office of Mental Health and New York City
Department of Mental Health. Assist in preparation of annual budget and annual
Report. Work closely with Board of Trustees and the Mental Health Advisory Council.
Provide direct service to clients of the Outpatient Clinic. Responsible for interviewing and
hiring of all staff in department. Teach and coordinate the Family Therapy program. Serve
as Program Coordinator for the Children’s Intensive Case Management Program. Provide
clinical supervision to the Lexington staff interpreters. Work with Director of Development
to pursue funding opportunities. Write grants for new programs or program enhancements.
• Social Services Coordinator, Deaf Mexican Nationals Project, 1997-99. Assess and plan
appropriate social service interventions for this population. Provide direct service and
supervision. Work as team member with Federal and city agencies.
• Clinical Director, Center on Deafness, University of California, San Francisco, 1983-1993.
Responsible for all administrative functions in a multidisciplinary outpatient psychiatric
Clinic.
TEACHING
• Faculty, UNODC Human Trafficking Training Initiative, 2010-2013
• Faculty, Warnath Group. 2012-present
• Faculty, St. Thomas University School of Law, Human Trafficking Academy. July 2012,2014, 2016
Miami FL
• Faculty, Freedom Network Training Institute, 2003-2016
• Faculty, Institute for Intergovernmental Research, Bureau of Justice Affairs, Department of
Justice Human Trafficking Project. 2004-2006
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FLORENCE REED BURKE

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PAGE THREE
• Faculty, Family Violence Prevention Fund, Trafficking Project, 2002-2005

• Adjunct Professor, New York University, 1998-2003. “Cross Cultural Counseling.”
• Adjunct Professor, Mental Health and Deafness Rehabilitation Institute, San Francisco State
University, 1987 - 1995.
• Clinical Case Seminar, UCSF Center on Deafness, for graduate student interns and trainees, 1990
- 93.
• Faculty Lecturer, John F, Kennedy University Graduate School of Professional Psychology,
“Family Therapy -Special Issues”, 1986 - 1988.
PUBLICATIONS
• Burke, Florrie. “Innovations in the Fight Against Human Trafficking: Advocates Perspectives and
Proposals,” New York Law School Law Review. Volume 60. 2015/16
• Burke, Florrie. “Forced into Prostitution-and Denied a Lifeline.” Huffington Post. May 2013
• Burke, Florrie. “Notes from the Field.” Rethinking Human Trafficking. Woodrow Wilson
International Center for Scholars, Middle East Program and US Studies. Summer 2010
• Burke, F., Zarembka, J., “Human Trafficking Cases: How and Why to Use an Expert
Witness. American Bar Association. Washington DC. 2008
• Burke, F., Dreher, J., Dubash, T., Villareal, G., “Collaborating With the Media for Social
and Legal Service Providers Working With Survivors of Human Trafficking. 2008
• Burke, F., Villareal, G. Tips for Trainers, A Manual for Providing Training On the Subject of Human
Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery, 2004
• Burke, F., Guidelines for Effective Mentoring, 2004
• Villareal, G., Burke, F. Safety Planning Standards for Trafficked and Enslaved Persons, A Guide for
Service Providers and Attorneys. 2003
• Burke, F. “Counseling Victims of Human Trafficking” in Smooth Flight, A Guide to
Preventing Youth Trafficking. Editors, Alison Boak, Amy Boldosser, and Ofronama Blu.
UNIFEM, 2003
• Burke, F., Kahn, S., Hollander, J., Barker, J., Arnow, N. “Safe Horizon Community Trauma
Response Training.” 2002
• Burke, F., “Deaf, Mexican and Illegal: A Slavery Ring in NYC,” Proceedings of the Fourth
International Congress of the American Universidad de las Americas, Puebla, Cholua,
Mexico. October 1999
• Burke, F., Gutman, V., Dobosh, P., (1999). “Treatment of Deaf Survivors of Sexual Abuse:
Process of Healing.” in Leigh, Irene ed. Psychotherapy with Deaf Clients from Diverse Groups,
Gallaudet Press
LECTURES/PRESENTATIONS
• “Impact of Covid-19 on Survivors of Labor Trafficking and Service Providers, ”Project of Institute
of Intergovernmental Research (IIR) and Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS). Live
Webinar. January 26, 2021.
• “Emerging and Promising Practices in Communications Regarding LaborTrafficking.” Project of
Institute of Intergovernmental Research (IIR) and Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS).
Live Webinar. January 28, 2021.
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PAGE FOUR
• ‘The Use of an Expert Witness.” Advanced Civil Procedure Class. CUNY. 10/1/20. (remote)
• “Using Multidisciplinary Victim-Centered Techniques to Investigate Labor Trafficking Cases.”
Project of Institute of Intergovernmental Research (IIR) and Community Oriented Policing
Services (COPS). Live Webinar. 10/24/19
• “Partnerships to Address LaborTrafficking: How to Build a Multidisciplinary Team.” Project of IIR
and COPS. Live Webinar. 2/2/20
• “Prosecuting Labor Trafficking: Case Studies.” Project of IIR and COPS. Live Webinar. 4/1/20
• “Life Cycle of a Labor Trafficking Case.” Project of IIR and COPS. Live Webinar. 6/3/20
• “Stolen Lives: Trafficking of People with Disabilities.” Keynote address at 2017 National Disability
• Rights Conference. Baltimore MD. June 2017
• “Justice for Victims with Disabilities,” Panel at 15th Annual Freedom Network Conference.
Arlington VA. April 2017
• “Investigation and Prosecution of Human Trafficking Cases.” Colloquium. Lisbon, Portugal.
September. 2016
• “Indicators of Human Trafficking,” “Victim Identification.” ‘Interviewing Skills.” National Task
Force of the Bahamas and First Responder training, Nassau Bahamas. May 2016
• “History of the U.S. Human Trafficking Movement.” Facilitator for Panel at NEO Philanthropy
Meeting for Human Rights Funding Collaborative.” New York City. September. 2015
• “The Role of Labor Investigators in Identifying Human Trafficking Cases.” Wage and Hour Division
Investigators, NY and NJ. New York City. December 2015
• “Origin of Human Rights Approach of Freedom Network USA.” Keynote address at Annual
Freedom Network Conference, Arlington, VA. April 2015
• “We are More than our Story.” Facilitator of Survivor Speak Out Round Table, Freedom Network
Conference, Arlington VA, April 2015
• “ Survivor Centered Practice in International Criminal Justice.” Unitarian Universalist UN Office.
NYC. April 2015
• “Trauma Sensitive Interviewing Skills.” Journalism Class. Princeton University. Princeton NJ.
February 2015
• “Innovation at the Front Lines.” New York Law School Symposium, NYC. October 2014.
• “Human Trafficking and Modern-Day Slavery: Law Enforcement Tools for an Effective Response.”
Brooklyn District Attorney’s Human Trafficking Task Force. Brooklyn, NY. September 2014.
• “Interviewing Techniques,” “Victim Considerations.” Human Trafficking Academy, St. Thomas
University Law School. Miami FL. July 2014
• “ Human Trafficking: A Human Rights Violation.” Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
NY District Office. March 2014
• “Responding to Cases of Human Trafficking.” Anti-Trafficking Cell. Kolkata Police Academy.
Kolkata, India. December 2013
“A Survivor-Centered Approach to Human Trafficking: The Collaborative Model,” “Collaborating
With the Media for Social and Legal Service Providers Working with Survivors of Human
Trafficking.” U.S. Consulate American Center. Kolkata, India
“Judicial Response to Human Trafficking.” Andhra Pradesh Judicial Academy. Hyderabad, India.
December 2013.
• “ Domestic Violence and Human Trafficking: The Role of Community Leaders and Organizations.”
Jamaat-e-Islami Hind Women’s Wing, Hyderabad, India. December 2013
• “Prosecution, Collaboration Across Borders,” “The Role of Service Providers in Addressing
Protection of Human Trafficking Survivors,” “Civil Society Partnership to Address Trafficking in
4
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Persons,” “Consequences for Survivors of Trafficking.”TIP Conclave, Guwahati, India. December

2013
• “Assisting Victims Through Teamwork.” “Victim Considerations: Effects of Trauma and
Interviewing Skills.” U.S. Embassy and CONATT, TIP Victims Assistance Conference. San Jose
Costa Rica. November 2013.
• “Survivor Testimony: Challenges.” Unpacking the Migration/Trafficking nexus. PGA event at the
United Nations. New York. October 2013
• “Questioning Victims-the Judicial Perspective,” “Interview Tips,” “Consequences of Trauma on
Victim Behavior,” “Working with Interpreters,” “Phenomenon of Human Trafficking.” Warnath
Group and US Embassy, Poder Judicial, Ministerio Publico, Office of Judicial Investigations, San
Jose, Costa Rica. July 15-19, 2013.
• “Consequences of Trauma for Survivors of Human Trafficking and Those Who Work with Them.”
US Embassy and Ministry of Interior sponsored seminars. Nicosia, Cyprus. June 3-4. 2013
• “Using an Expert Witness in Civil and Criminal Cases.” Freedom Network Annual Conference.
April 2013
• “The U.S. Response to Human Trafficking,” testimony before the Inter-Americas Commission on
Human Rights. Washington DC. March 2013
• “Criminal Justice Response to Human Trafficking.” Warnath Group. Athens, Greece. January-
February 2013
• “Human Trafficking: Gender and Justice.” Columbia Law School, New York. November 2012
• “Human Trafficking and Modern-Day Slavery: Building an Effective Response.” Department of
Health and Human Services, Women’s Health Division. New York, NY. October 2012
• “Working with Nongovernmental Organizations.” ABA Webinar. October 2012
• “Rescues Gone Wrong,” Google Ideas Roundtable, San Jose, CA May 2012.
• “Using an Expert Witness in Human Trafficking Cases,” “The Effects of Trauma on Victim
Interviews.” American Consulate, Bicommunal Program, Cyprus. May 2012
• “ Secondary Trauma when working with human trafficking cases.” St. Thomas University
School of Law. April 2012
• “Academics and Research: Moving Beyond the Provider Networks.” Freedom Network Annual
Conference. New York NY. March 2012
• “Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery: Tools for an Effective Response.” San Jose CA.
January 2012
• “Reproductive Health Care Needs of Victims of Human Trafficking,” Testimony before House
Committee on Oversight and Government Reform. December 2011
• UNODC Comprehensive HT Training, Kiev, Ukraine. December 2011
• UNODC Comprehensive HT Training, Bamako, Mali. November 2011
• “Human Trafficking as a Human Rights Issue,” U.S. Human Rights Convening. Philadelphia PA.
November 2011
• “The Role of Health Care Providers in Human Trafficking Cases,” invited keynote address.
National Association of Nurse Practitioners in Women’s Health. Austin TX. October 2011
• UNODC Comprehensive HT Training, Suva, Fiji. July 2011
• “TIP: The Challenge of an Effective Response,” “The Comprehensive Approach to TIP in the
United States,” “Building A Case Through Teamwork: The Victim Centered Approach,” IOM,
Office of the Foreign Affairs Ministry, NGOs, US Embassy representatives. Athens and
Thessaloniki, Greece. May 2011
5
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• “A Victim Centered Approach to Human Trafficking.” Training for Portuguese Experts. Vienna
Austria. April. 2011
• “Good Victim-Bad Victim: The Response in Human Trafficking Cases,” “Challenges in Identifying
Victims of Human Trafficking,” “Sexual Assault as a Means of Control in Human Trafficking
Cases,” “Human Trafficking 101.” Conference on Crimes Against Women. Dallas TX. March 2011
• “Challenges in Identification and Interviewing Victims of Human Trafficking.” Freedom Network
9th Annual Conference. Washington DC. March 2011
• “Recognizing Human Trafficking,” Department of Education, State Directors of Migrant
Education, Washington DC. February 2011
• “Strategies for Working with Human Trafficking Cases.” Witness Testimony. EEOC Commission
Hearing. Washington DC. January 2011
• “Human Trafficking,” Panel commemorating National Human Trafficking Awareness Day, New
York Anti-Trafficking Network. New York City. January 2011.
• “Modern Day Slavery in New York.” Keynote. Anti-Slavery Convention in the
Adirondacks. Lake Placid, NY. December 2010.
• “Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery: Tools for an Effective Response.” Columbus, Ohio.
November 2010.
• “The Client Centered Approach,” Mosaic Family Services, Dallas TX, October 2010.
• “Challenges and Strategies for Interviewing Survivors of Human Trafficking,” North Texas Anti-
Trafficking Team. Dallas TX October 2010
• “Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery: Tools for an Effective Response.” Washington
University. St. Louis MO. June 2010
• “Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery: Law Enforcement Tools for an Effective Response.”
FBI, Citizens Academy and North Carolina Commission on Domestic Violence. Raleigh, North
Carolina. June 2010
• “Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery in the United States.” Department of State
International Visitors Program and Academy for Educational Development. Washington DC June
2010
• “What You Need to Know About Victim Services and Immigration Assistance,” Department
of Justice National Conference on Human Trafficking. Washington DC May 2010
• “Trauma and the Legal Process,” Freedom Network Conference. Washington DC. March 2010
• “Rethinking Human Trafficking,” Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars.
Washington DC. March 2010
• “Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery: Basic Tools for an Effective Response,” Mt.
Kisco, NY. November 2009
• “Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery: Law Enforcement Tools for an Effective
Response.” New Orleans LA September 2009
• “Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery: Advanced Tools for an Effective Response.”
Charlotte, North Carolina. August 2009
• “Response to Human Trafficking in the U.S.” Department of State International Visitors Program
and the Center for International Exchange. Washington DC, July 2009.
• “A Case Study: Using Collaboration Successfully.” Immigration and Customs Enforcement Human
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Trafficking Unit, New York, New York. May 2009

• “Assisting Victims of Human Trafficking,” National Advocacy Center, Columbia, South Carolina.
May 2009
• “The Collaborative Model,” NY Immigration and Customs Enforcement, NY NY. May 2009
• “Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery: Advanced Tools for an Effective Response.” Office
to Combat Trafficking in Persons, Canadian Government, Vancouver, British Columbia. February
2009
• “Human Trafficking-It is Everywhere.” Columbia University, Physicians for Human Rights, New
York. February 2009
• “Working with Victims of Labor Trafficking,” WEBEX training, Office for Victims of Crime, Training
and Technical Assistance Center. January 2009
• “Collaboration in Representing Victims of Human Trafficking,” American Bar Association
National Training Institute on Civil Remedies for Human Trafficking Victims. Washington DC.
October 2008
• “Crime Victim Trauma” and “Response to Victims of Torture,” U.S. Immigration and
Customs Enforcement, Victim Assistance Coordinator Training, St. Louis, MO. September 2008.
• “T Visas, U Visas and Other Immigration Relief: The Roles of Law Enforcement, NGOs, and
the Vermont Service System,” and Plenary Session, “Immigrant Brothels, Bars, Massage
Parlors, and ‘Strip Joints’: The Intersection of Forced Labor and Commercial
Sex.” U.S. Department of Justice, Fourth Annual Conference on Human Trafficking, Atlanta GA
September 2008.
• “Human Trafficking and the Media,” WEBEX training, U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Ketchum Associates, August 2008.
• “Providing Civil Remedies to Human Trafficking Victims,” ABA Annual Meeting, New York City,
August 2008
• “Family Reunification: Challenges and Successes,” Freedom Network Annual Conference.
Atlanta, Georgia. April 2008
• “Consequences of Trauma on Victims of Human Trafficking,” “Collaboration Among
NGOs and Law Enforcement,” Arizona State Refugee Conference, Phoenix AZ April 2008
• Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery: Tools for an Effective Response, Providence Rhode
Island, February 2008
• “Combating Modern Slavery: Reauthorization of Anti-Trafficking Programs,” Witness Testimony,
U.S. House Judiciary Committee Hearing, October 2007.
• “The Long Road to Freedom,” invited keynote address, Fairfield University, Fairfield CT
October 2007
• “Human Trafficking Viewed Through the Crime Victim Lens,” NY State Crime Victim Board
Conference. Syracuse NY. October 2007
• “The NGO Role in Helping Task Forces Function Effectively: Providing Victim Services and
Collaboration with Law Enforcement.” Invited Panel Moderator, Third National
Conference on Human Trafficking, U.S.Department of Justice. Chicago, Illinois September
2007
• “Human Trafficking,” Dept. of Criminal Justice Services, Office of Temporary Disability Assistance
Inter-Agency Task Force, New York State, Albany, NY September 2007
• “Working with Victims of Trafficking in Human Beings: Standards of Assistance and
Alternative Measures,” Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and ASTRA
co-sponsored roundtable, Facilitator. Belgrade, Serbia. June 2007
• “Social Services for Trafficked Persons,” “Task Force Collaboration.” New York
7
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Department of Criminal Justice Services Training Conference. Buffalo, NY and Rochester, NY. May
2007.
• “Modern Day Slavery in NY and Beyond.” International Women’s Day Annual Address,
Utica College, Utica, NY March 2007.
• “Services for Trafficked Persons” “Teamwork and Collaboration.” Taiwan Ministers, NGOs
and Immigration Officials Conferences. Taipei, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. January 2007
• “Defining Trafficking,” Marshaling Every Resource: State and Local Responses to Human
Trafficking. Princeton University, Princeton, NJ. December 2006
• “Human Trafficking.” US Department of Labor, State of New Jersey Department of Labor, State
of New York Department of Labor, Tri-Agency Enforcement Training. New York, NY.
November 2006
• “Developing a state-wide plan to respond to Human Trafficking,” State of NY Office of
Refugee and Immigrant Affairs. Albany, NY. November 2006
• “Partnering with NGOs,” Human Trafficking Training Conference, Attorney Generals Office of
New Jersey, Trenton NJ. October 2006
• “Interviewing Victims of Trafficking: Children, Sexual Abuse, and Trauma.” Department
of Justice, National Conference on Human Trafficking.” New Orleans, LA, October 2006.
“Modern Day Slavery in NYC and Beyond.” Lincoln Center, Mostly Mozart Festival, Zaide. NYC.
August 2006.
• “State, Local, and Federal Roles in Addressing Trafficking. ” National Governor’s
Association, Human Trafficking Summit, Boston MA, July 2006.
• “Working as a Coalition, Training Community Organizations.” DC Human Trafficking
Task Force, Washington DC, May 2006.
• “Human Trafficking and Immigration Policies-What is the Impact?” Amnesty International and
NYU Law School. May 2006
• “Building Capacity, Working as a Task Force.” Philadelphia Coalition Against
Human Trafficking. March 2006.
• “Human Trafficking-in Plain Sight.” National Council of Jewish Women, Long Island, New
York. January 2006
• Social Services Available to Survivors of Human Trafficking.” Downstate Coalition for
Crime Victims. New York, NY. December 2005
• “Psychosocial Response to Human Trafficking in the United States.” Global Alliance Against
Trafficking in Women. Bangkok, Thailand. November 2005.
• “Health Consequences of Human Trafficking.” North American Consortium of Nursing and Allied
Health for International Cooperation. NY NY. November 2005.
• “ Services for Victims of Trafficking.” Media 4 Humanity. NY NY. November 2005.
• “Psychological Dynamics of Human Trafficking.” Vermont Service Center, DHS/CIS. St. Albans, VT.
September 2005.
• “Human Trafficking in the United States: Promoting Law Enforcement Awareness,” Bureau
of Justice Affairs, Department of Justice Train the Trainer Program, Oak Brook, Illinois.
August 2005
• “Human Trafficking,” Michigan Victim Assistance Academy, Prosecuting Attorney’s Association
of Michigan, Grand Rapids, MI, Warren, MI, East Lansing, MI August 2005
• “Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery: Basic Tools for an Effective Response,” St. John’s
University, Queens, NY. August 2005
• “Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery: Basic Tools for an Effective Response,” Malone
NY June 2005
8
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PAGE NINE
• “Modern Day Slavery: Human Trafficking,” The National Center for Victims of Crime first National
Conference, Washington DC, June 2005
• “Overview of Human Trafficking and a Coordinated Response.” U.S. Attorney’s Multi-
Disciplinary Task Force, Long Island NY, May 2005
• “Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery: Basic Tools for an Effective Response.”
Rochester NY, May 2005, Syracuse NY, May 2005
• Human Trafficking in the United States: Promoting Law Enforcement Awareness,” Bureau
of Justice Affairs, Department of Justice Train the Trainer Program, St. Petersburg, FLA, April
2005.
• “Psychological Dynamics of Human Trafficking”; “Ethics Roundtable”; “NYC Model of
Collaboration,” Third Annual Freedom Network Conference, Los Angeles CA March, 2005.
• “NYC Model of Collaboration on Trafficking Issues,” “Factories, Farms and Families.”
Fourth Annual Symposium on Victims of Federal Crime, Atlanta GA, March 2005
• “Hidden, Inhumane and Illegal-the Crime of Human Trafficking,” National Council of
Jewish Women, NY NY March 2005
• “Human Trafficking and Modern-Day Slavery: Basic Tools for an Effective Response.” NYS
Office of Temporary and Disability Assistance, Bureau of Refugee and Immigrant Affairs, Albany
NY, March 2005
• “Task force Organization”, “Know Your Client,” “Working with Law Enforcement,” “Interviewing
Victims,” “Case Studies,” “Working with NGOs” “Engaging the Community.” DOJ, Bureau of
Justice Affairs, Human Trafficking Task Force Initiative Training Conference, Houston TX, February
2005
• “Human Trafficking and Modern-Day Slavery: Basic Tools for an Effective Response.”
Richmond, VA. February 2005
• “Collateral Damage: The Impact of War.” Invited lecture, Columbia University School of Social
Work. New York. January 2005.
• “Human Trafficking and Modern-Day Slavery: Basic Tools for an Effective Response.” World
Relief, New Port Richey, Florida. December 2004
• “Victim Service Providers,” “Engaging the Community.” Human Trafficking in the United States:
Promoting Law Enforcement Awareness. Institute on Intergovernmental Research.
Newport Beach, CA. November 2004.
• “Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery: Basic Tools for an Effective Response.
Arizona League to End Regional Trafficking. Tucson, AZ November 2004
• “From Victim to Survivor,” Conference on Human Trafficking at Regis College. Boston, Mass.
October 2004.
• “Health and Mental Health Concerns of Victims of Trafficking,” Family Violence
Prevention Fund Domestic Violence and Healthcare Conference. Boston, Mass. October
2004.
• “Identifying and Combating Modern Day Slavery,” U.S. Attorney, District of Connecticut, U.S.
Department of Justice, New Haven, Connecticut, September, 2004.
• “Building Collaborations to Respond to Trafficking,” sponsored by Family Violence Prevention
Fund, Calloway Gardens, Georgia, September, 2004
• “Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery: Basic Tools for an Effective Response,”
Florida Coalition Against Domestic Violence, Tallahassee, Florida. July 2004.
• “A Comprehensive Anti-Trafficking Program,” Red Hook Community Justice Center, Brooklyn,
NY. June, 2004
• “Coordinating a Trafficking Case,” New York, NY, June, 2004
• “Dimensions of Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery,” Brooklyn, NY, April, 2004
9
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• “Domestic Violence, Human Trafficking and Sexual Slavery,” New York State Coalition
Against Domestic Violence Annual Conference, Albany NY, February 2, 2004
• “Human Trafficking: Modern Day Slavery: Basic Tools for an Effective Response,”
Washington DC, January 8-9 2004
• “Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery,” Nassau County Coalition Against Sexual
Assault, Hempstead, NY, December 16, 2003
• “ Providing Services to Victims of Trafficking.” New York Police Department, Manhattan District
Attorneys office. New York, NY December 10, 2003
• “The NYC Community Response to Trafficking,” Freedom Network Annual Conference, December
1-2 2003.
• “Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery: Basic Tools for an Effective Response,” Buffalo, NY
September 29, 2003, Brunswick, NJ October 2, 2003; Dallas, TX October 23-24, 2003; Phoenix, AZ
October 27-28, 2003
• “Human Trafficking and Modern Day Slavery: Basic Tools for an Effective Response,”
Florida Coalition Against Domestic Violence,” Tampa, Florida September 9, 2003.
• “The NYC Response to Human Trafficking,” United Nations Conference on Human Dignity
and Security,” New York NY September 8, 2003
• “Human Trafficking: Modern Day Slavery,” Women in Federal Law Enforcement National
Conference, Washington DC August 6, 2003
• “Service Needs of Trafficked Persons,” Interdisciplinary International Videoconference. New York
NY, Washington DC, Tel Aviv and Jerusalem, Israel July 30, 2003
• “Overview of Human Trafficking and Modern-Day Slavery,” International Rescue
Committee, Newport Beach CA June 12-13, 2003
• “An Introduction to Human Trafficking,” Nassau county Coalition Against Domestic Violence,
Hempstead, NY May 22, 2003
• “Trafficking in Persons,” Pennsylvania Refugee Mental Health Network. Philadelphia, PA May
20, 2003
• “An Investigative Analysis of Those Who Exploit Women and Children.” National Center
for Women and Policing, Annual Leadership Conference, Los Angeles, CA April 24, 2003.
• “Adding Human Trafficking to the Human Rights Agenda,” Doctors of the World, NYC, February
2003.
• “Strategies and Challenges to Providing Services to Trafficked Persons.” NYC Community
Response to Trafficking Conference, NYC. December 11-12, 2002.
• “Human Beings for Sale: The Emotional Cost of Trafficking,” Here, Now. Justice for All, A
Nassau Community College Symposium, Garden City, NY. November 18-21 2002.
• “Practical and Legal Issues in Dealing with Victims of Trafficking,” Human Trafficking Seminar,
Office of Legal Education, Department of Justice, Columbia, South Carolina. October 8-9, 2002.
• “Post-Traumatic Stress and the Refugee Experience,” “Trafficking of Persons: Modern Day
Slavery,” Ohio Statewide Refugees and Immigrants Conference. Columbus, Ohio.
September 25-26, 2002.
• “Psychological Dynamics of Trafficking.” Church World Service Annual Conference. New York,
NY. August 23, 2002.
• “Trafficking of Persons: Modern Day Slavery.” National Alliance for Multicultural Mental
Health, Immigration and Refugee Services of America Annual Conference. Atlanta,
Georgia. June 9-11, 2002.
• “In Detention and Seeking Asylum: The Psychological Interview Process in Two Voices,”
National Alliance for Multicultural Mental Health, Immigration and Refugee Services of
America Annual Conference. Atlanta, Georgia. June 9-11, 2002.
• “The Aftermath of 9/11: Its Effect on Refugees.” National Alliance for Multicultural Mental
10
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Health, Immigration and Refugee Services of America Annual Conference. Atlanta,

Georgia. June 9-11, 2002.
• “Psychological Impact of Trafficking and Services Needed.” 2002 Workshops on Trafficking in
Persons, Freedom Network USA, Washington DC. May 21, 2002.
• “Torture and Trafficking of Human Beings.” New York State Crime Victims Board 2002
Statewide Conference, May 7, 2002. Saratoga Springs, NY.
• “Refugee Mental Health and Clinical Approaches to Working with Survivors of Torture.” Steinway
Child and Family Services, NYC. March-April, 2002.
• “Refugee Mental Health and Stress Management Techniques for Caregivers.” Refugee and
Immigration Services-Triangle. Raleigh, North Carolina. February 2002.
• “Dynamics of Trafficking-Vulnerabilities and Psychological Impact.” Training for T Visa
adjudicators, Immigration and Naturalization Service, St. Albans, Vermont. January 2002
• “Therapeutic Skills for Non-Clinicians working with Refugees.” Catholic Charities
Immigration Program, NYC. January 2002.
• “September 11th- Impact on College Students.” City University of New York Counseling Staff,
NYC. Oct. 2002.
• “The Effects of Trauma on the Interview Process.” Association of the Bar of the City of New
York, NYC. October 2001.
• “The Psychological Impact of Torture,” Safe Horizon/Staten Island Community Programs,
June 2001.
• “Families as sources of Support, sources of Stress: Addressing Intergenerational Issues.”
Immigration and Refugee Services of America’s National Alliance for Multicultural Mental
Health conference, Galveston, Texas, June 2001
• “Caring for the Caregiver: Stress Management for Direct Service Providers.” IRSA’s
National Alliance for Multicultural Mental Health Conference, Galveston, Texas, June 2001.
• “The Impact of Torture and Trauma on Refugee Families and Children.” Greenwich House,
NYC. April-May, 2001.
• “Trafficking and Slavery: Victim Issues,” Third National Symposium on Victims of Federal
Crime, January 2001.
• “Practical Considerations in Dealing with Victims of Trafficking,” Worker Exploitation Task Force
Seminar, Office of Legal Education, Executive Office for United States
Attorneys, Columbia, South Carolina, December 2000.
• Miriam’s Story, Art and Resilience.” NYU International Trauma Studies Program, June 2000.
• “Deaf, Mexican, and Illegal: A Slavery Ring in New York City.” 4th International Congress
of the Americas, Universidad de las Americas-Puebla. Cholua, Puebla, Mexico. October
1999.
• “Mental Health and Deafness, the American Perspective.” Le Verseau, Marseille, France,
May 1999
• “Trauma and Treatment,” The Camargo Foundation, Cassis, France. May 1999.
• “Deaf Mexican Peddlers: Victimization and Courage,” First World Conference on Mental Health
and Deafness. Gallaudet University, Washington D.C. October, 1998.
• “Discrimination and Disability”, International Congress for Global Peace. Yamagata,
Japan, October 1998
HONORS
• Inaugural Presidential Award for Extraordinary Efforts to Combat Trafficking in Persons.

President’s Interagency Task Force, White House. Washington DC. May 2013
11
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PAGE TWELVE
• National Crime Victim Service Award for Outstanding Service on Behalf of Victims of Crime,
Attorney General of the United States. Washington DC, April 2007.
• The Annual Paul and Sheila Wellstone Award for outstanding contribution to combating
human trafficking in the United States presented by the Freedom Network USA, Miami, FL
May 2007
• Commendation Award for assistance to victims of human trafficking and support to the Wage
and Hour Division, U.S. Department of Labor. New York, NY. May 2007
• Recognition Award for Advocacy on Behalf of Victims of Human Trafficking, Civil Rights Division,
U.S. Department of Justice. Washington DC. April 2007.
• Recognition Award, United States Attorney’s Office, Eastern District of New York,
September, 2006.
• Office for Victims of Crime nominee for Innovative Leadership, 2005
• Roy W. Dean Film competition, runner-up, “Tokens and Trinkets: Slavery in the Subways.” April
2001
• Recognition Award, United States Attorney’s office, Eastern District of New York,
February 1998.
• Department of Justice nominee for White House Award 1998
SPECIAL PROJECTS
• Webinar- “How to be an Expert Witness.” Planning, curriculum development and teaching.
Sponsored by HEAL Trafficking and Human Trafficking Legal Center. 6/16/22.
• Institute for Intergovernmental Research, Subject Matter Expert. Labor Trafficking. April 2019-
2021
• Grant Review. Oak Foundation, Geneva Switzerland. November 2019
• Women’s Foreign Policy Group Mentoring Program. February 2018
• NEO Philanthropy/Oak Foundation advisor, convening facilitator 2016
• Urban Institute, Northeastern University Panel, “ Hidden in Plain Sight: Labor Trafficking in
America. Washington DC. October 2014
• National Advocacy Organization Roundtable: The Intersections of Human Trafficking, Domestic
and Sexual Violence. Washington DC. September 2014
• Google Ideas Roundtable in Preparation for Google Summit. Mountain View, CA May 2012
• Vision 21 Forum: Transforming Victim Services Initiative. Charleston, South Carolina. September
2011
• Train the Trainer session for the Criminal Justice Practitioners of Portugal, Vienna Austria. April
18-20. 2011
• Invited Seminar Participant, “Beyond Ideology: Interdisciplinary Research on Trafficking, Forced
Labor and Migration.” Radcliffe Institute. Harvard University. Cambridge MA. February 2011
• Curriculum Review, Office to Combat Trafficking in Persons, Vancouver, Canada
• Evaluator, Ayuda Counter-Trafficking Program, Washington DC, 2010-2012
• Evaluator, Mosaic Family Services, Human Trafficking Program. Dallas TX 2010-2011
• Co-Author, Task Force Guide, OJP-OVC 2009-2010
• Curriculum Review, Regional Community Policing Institute Advanced Human Trafficking
Investigations Course. March 2010
• Facilitator, National Institute of Justice, “Investigating Trafficking in Persons: Learning from the
Experience of State, Local and Tribal Law Enforcement.” January. 2010
• Freedom Network Training Institute, Coordinator, Trainer and Materials Development
12
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PAGE THIRTEEN
• Review of NVAA Resource Paper, OVC Training and Technical Assistance Center
• Peer Review Panel for National Institute of Justice Grant Solicitation 2009
• Peer Review Panel for Department of Health and Human Services Rescue and Restore Grant
Solicitation 2008
• Peer Review Panel for Department of Justice BJA and OVC Grant Solicitations 2008
• Expert Working Group, UNODC, Materials for First Responders, Vienna, Austria, May, 2008
• Curriculum Development Group, Institute for Intergovernmental Research, Atlanta, GA May 2003
VIDEOS
• “Human Trafficking: A Training Video for Service Providers, Office for Victims of Crime/Safe
Horizon. May 2007
• “Give Us Freedom: Liberty and Justice for Victims of Modern-Day Slavery.” U.S. Department of
Justice video. 2006
• “First Response to Victims of Crime,” (interview about trafficking and immigrant issues) video for
the National Sheriffs’ Association, 2005
• Liberty and Justice for Victims of Modern-Day Slavery,” U.S. Department of Justice video. (Social
Service-Victim Centered Perspective interview) 2004
• Dying to Leave, a Hilton Cordell Production, video about smuggling and human trafficking.
(interview) 2003
CONSULTATION CLIENTS
• Office to Combat Trafficking in Persons, Vancouver, Canada

• State of NY Office on Temporary Disability Assistance, Human Trafficking Program
• Safe Horizon, NY
• Taipei Women’s Rescue Foundation, Taiwan
• Global Alliance Against Trafficking in Women, Thailand
• Presbyterian Church USA
• Office for Victims of Crime/Bureau of Justice Affairs
• Ayuda, Washington DC
• Catholic Charities, Long Island
• Mosaic Services, Dallas, TX
• Damayan Migrant Workers Association
• NEO Philanthropy
• Oak Foundation
• SAFE Center, University of Maryland
PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
• The International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies

• The New York City chapter of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies
• Founder Emeritus, 2011-present. Freedom Network USA
• Worker’s Rights Law Center Board Member 2008-2009
• Family Violence Prevention Fund National Advisory Group
13
• Freedom Network Training Institute. Coordinator 2008-2011

• NY Statewide Advisory Committee on Human Trafficking
• NY Anti-Trafficking Network Steering Committee 2003-2013
8/2022
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Case 8:22-cv-00986-TPB-JSS Document 107-1 Filed 09/13/22 Page 1 of 24 PageID 1238

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

DECLARATION OF FLORENCE BURKE

1. I base this declaration on knowledge of human trafficking I have gathered

organizations and assist in capacity building and responding to human

3. In addition to my training activities, I have a vast amount of direct experience

4. My expertise in providing services to victims of the crime of human trafficking

5. I have testified about human trafficking and worker exploitation at hearings

6. I have received advanced training in the recognition, evaluation, and

Education from the University of Arizona (1965). I also completed the

7. I have served as an expert witness in dozens of cases, including federal

8. Forced labor, peonage and human trafficking unfortunately remain

communications, and monitoring or surveillance. The study also found that

15. These Congressional findings are consistent with my professional experience

16. The allegations in the complaint reflect methods commonly used by

18. Ultimately, many factors may contribute to an individual’s decision to remain:

20. The Defendants in this case demanded absolute, unquestioning devotion,

21. Indoctrination is a process of teaching a person or group to accept a set of

23. The specific theory used by Scientology to justify the application of

September 12. 2022 Respectfully sub

ii. U.S. v. Medrano, No. 2:11-cr-00615-BRM-1 (D.N.J. 2012).

v. U.S. v. Marcus, No. 1:05-cr-00457-ARR-1 (E.D.N.Y. 2007).

vii. D’Souza v. Lobo, et al., No. 2:09-cv-00410-TCP-ARL (E.D.N.Y. 2010).

x. Magnifico, et al. v. Villanueva, et al., No. 10-cv-80771 (S.D. Fla. 2011).

xiii. Oh v. Choi, et al., No. 1:11-cv-03764-DLI-MDG (E.D.N.Y. 2012).

xiv. Doe v. Howard, et al., No. 1:11-cv-01105 (E.D. Va. 2012).

xv. Elat v. Ngoubene, et al., No. 8:11-cv-02931-PWG (D. Md. 2013).

xvi. U.S. v. Naughton, et al., No. 8:12-cr-00229 (D. Md. 2013)

xvii. Edwards v. Edwards, No. DKC 12-3761 (D. Md. 2014)

xix. U.S. v. Mendez-Hernandez, et al., No. 4:13-cr-00004-LGW-CLR (S.D. Ga. 2013).

xxii. Lama v. Malik, et al., No. 13-cv-2846 (E.D.N.Y. 2014).

xxvi. Laamine v. Adouzaid, et al., No. 1:13-cv-00793 (E.D. Va. 2014).

xxvii. Cruz v. Maypa, et al., No. 1:13-cv-00862-CMH-IDD (E.D. Va. 2015).

xxviii. Sylla v. Conde, et al., No. 3:14-cv-03681-JFA (D. S.C. 2016).

xxix. Muchira v. Al-Rawaf, et al., No. 1:14-cv-00770-AJT-JFA (E.D. Va. 2015).

xxx. U.S. v. Greene, et al., No. 1:15-cr-00462-JKB (D. Md. 2016).

xxxii. Mouloki v. Epee, et al., No. 1:14-cv-05532 (N.D. Ill. 2016).

xxxiii. Roe v. Howard, No. 1:16-cv-00562 (E.D. Va. 2018).

xxxiv. U.S. v. Huang, No. 0:16-cr-00263-DSD-KMM (D. Minn. 2017).

xxxv. Wang v. Enlander, No. 1:17-cv-04932 (S.D.N.Y. 2018).

xxxvii. U.S. v. Hunaity, No. 1:18-cr-00723-RBK-1 (D.N.J. 2020).

xlii. Tekle v. Al Saud, et al., No. 1:18-cv-00211-RDA-JFA (E.D. Va. 2019).

xliii. People v. Gamos et al., No.00039-240-SA2017705951

FLORENCE REED BURKE

PROFESSIONAL EMPLOYMENT (partial list).

• Consultant, Human Trafficking, Gender Violence, Human Rights 2007-present. Provide

FLORENCE REED BURKE

Provide trainings to staff, community organizations, law enforcement about trafficking of

FLORENCE REED BURKE

• Faculty, Family Violence Prevention Fund, Trafficking Project, 2002-2005

FLORENCE REED BURKE

FLORENCE REED BURKE

Persons,” “Consequences for Survivors of Trafficking.”TIP Conclave, Guwahati, India. December

FLORENCE REED BURKE

FLORENCE REED BURKE

Trafficking Unit, New York, New York. May 2009

FLORENCE REED BURKE

FLORENCE REED BURKE_______________________________________