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    PLC Programming

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    Mulugeta Wolde
    The document discusses PLC programming languages and concepts such as: 1) Ladder logic diagrams are used to program PLCs and resemble relay-based logic circuits using contacts, coils, and rungs. 2) Common instruction types in ladder logic include normally open contacts, normally closed contacts, and output energize instructions analogous to electrical relays. 3) The status of inputs determines the on or off state of rungs and outputs through closed logic paths in the ladder diagram.

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    PLC Programming

    Uploaded by

    Mulugeta Wolde
    54 views23 pages
    The document discusses PLC programming languages and concepts such as: 1) Ladder logic diagrams are used to program PLCs and resemble relay-based logic circuits using contacts, coils, and rungs. 2) Common instruction types in ladder logic include normally open contacts, normally closed contacts, and output energize instructions analogous to electrical relays. 3) The status of inputs determines the on or off state of rungs and outputs through closed logic paths in the ladder diagram.

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    The document discusses PLC programming languages and concepts such as: 1) Ladder logic diagrams are used to program PLCs and resemble relay-based logic circuits using contacts, coils, and rungs. 2) Common instruction types in ladder logic include normally open contacts, normally closed contacts, and output energize instructions analogous to electrical relays. 3) The status of inputs determines the on or off state of rungs and outputs through closed logic paths in the ladder diagram.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    54 views23 pages

    PLC Programming

    Uploaded by

    Mulugeta Wolde
    The document discusses PLC programming languages and concepts such as: 1) Ladder logic diagrams are used to program PLCs and resemble relay-based logic circuits using contacts, coils, and rungs. 2) Common instruction types in ladder logic include normally open contacts, normally closed contacts, and output energize instructions analogous to electrical relays. 3) The status of inputs determines the on or off state of rungs and outputs through closed logic paths in the ladder diagram.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 23

    Basics of PLC Programming

    By Habtamu M.
    Mechanical Eng’g Dep’t
    1
    PLC Programming Languages
    Ladder diagram Functional chart

    Boolean Language

    2
    Comparing Programming Languages

    Relay Schematic
    •

    Equivalent Ladder Diagram

    Boolean Language

    3
    Relay -Type Instructions
     These ladder instruction symbols are arranged to obtain
    the desired control logic.

    4
    Relay -Type Instructions…
    Symbol is analogues to Normally open relay
    contact.

    Represents any input . It can be any switch


    The status bit will or pushbutton, a contact from a connected
    be either 1 or 0. output, or a contact from an internal output.

    5
    Normally Open (NO) Instruction

    The status bit is 0 means no input

    Contact is open The instruction is FALSE

    6
    Normally Open (NO) Instruction…

    The status bit is 1 means input is given

    Input makes contact to close The instruction is TRUE

    7
    Relay Type Instruction…

    Symbol is analogous to normally closed relay


    contact.

    Represents any input. It can be a switch or a


    pushbutton, a contact from connected output or
    a contact from an internal output.

    The status bit will be either 1 or 0.

    8
    Normally Closed (NC) Instruction

    The status bit is 0 means no input

    Contact is closed the instruction is TRUE

    9
    Normally Closed (NC) Instruction…

    The status bit is 1 means input is given

    Input makes the contact to open the instruction is FALSE

    10
    Output Energize (OE) Instruction

    Represents output. Analogous to the relay coil.


     The processor makes this instruction true (analogous to energizing
    a coil) when there is path of true NO and NC instructions in the
    rung.
     That is, If any left-to-right path of input conditions is TRUE, the
    output will be energized (turned ON).

     It can be a connected device or an internal output (internal relay).

    11
    Output Energize (OE) Instruction …

    Output energize instruction-TRUE

    12
    Output Energize (OE) Instruction …

    Output energize instruction-FALSE

    13
    Status Bit Examples
    A Input module Bit status for A

    14
    Status Bit Examples…

    A Input module Bit status for A

    15
    Ladder Rung

    A ladder rung consists of a set input conditions, represented by


    contact instructions, and an output instruction at the end of the
    rung, represented by the coil symbol.

    16
    Ladder Rung…

    For an output to be activated or energized, at lest one left-to-right


    path of contacts must be closed. A complete path is referred to as
    having logic continuity.

    When logic continuity exists, the rung condition is said to be TRUE.


    17
    Ladder Rung…

    18
    Parallel Output Branching

    On most PLC modes, branches can be established at both the


    input and output portion of the rung. With output branching ,
    we can program parallel outputs on the rung to allow a true
    logic path to control multiple outputs.

    19
    Internal Control relay
     The internal output operates just as any other output that is
    controlled by programmed logic; however, the output is used
    strictly for internal purpose.

     The internal output does not directly control an output device.

     The advantage of using internal outputs is that there are many


    situations where an output instruction is required in a program,
    but no physical connection to a field device is needed. Their use
    in this type of instance can minimize output card requirements.

    20
    Extending the Number of Series Contacts Using
    an Internal Control Relay

    21
    Operation of NO and NC instructions
     Status of output as obtained by changing the status of the
    inputs in the rung.

    22
    Operation of NO and NC instructions

    23

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