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    Freedom of Pakistan Movements

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    Raza Hayat
    The document discusses three topics: 1) The 1857 War of Independence in India, 2) Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah's 14 Points presented in 1929 to protect Muslim political rights in India, 3) British acts passed in 1861 and 1892 to reform the constitution and administration of British India.

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    Freedom of Pakistan Movements

    Uploaded by

    Raza Hayat
    5 views3 pages
    The document discusses three topics: 1) The 1857 War of Independence in India, 2) Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah's 14 Points presented in 1929 to protect Muslim political rights in India, 3) British acts passed in 1861 and 1892 to reform the constitution and administration of British India.

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    The document discusses three topics: 1) The 1857 War of Independence in India, 2) Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah's 14 Points presented in 1929 to protect Muslim political rights in India, 3) British acts passed in 1861 and 1892 to reform the constitution and administration of British India.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    5 views3 pages

    Freedom of Pakistan Movements

    Uploaded by

    Raza Hayat
    The document discusses three topics: 1) The 1857 War of Independence in India, 2) Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah's 14 Points presented in 1929 to protect Muslim political rights in India, 3) British acts passed in 1861 and 1892 to reform the constitution and administration of British India.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Freedom of Pakistan Movements

    1. War of Independence 1857:


    The war of independence started on 10th May
    1857 at Meerut under the leadership of British Empire Bahadar Shah Zafar who
    was the last Mughal Ruler. This war is also named as Mutiny. In India it is also
    called the first war of independence. The rapid result of the war was the General
    housecleaning of the Indian administration.

    2. Fourteen points of Quaid E Azam 1929:


    Quaid E Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah
    presented his fourteen points as a constitutional amendment strategy to protect the
    Political and democratic rights of Muslim in a self-ruling India.

    1. Federal System
    Future constitution form should be federal and Provinces should have
    residual authorities.
    2. Provincial Autonomy.
    All Provinces shall be given equal autonomy.
    3. Representation of Minorities.
    All elected bodies and legislatures should be established on the definite
    principle of adequate and effective representation of minorities without reducing
    the majority in any province to a minority.
    4. Number of Muslim Representatives.
    In central legislature Muslim’s participation should not be less than one
    third.
    5. Separate Electorates.
    Separate elections shall make the representation of communal
    communities. It’s accessible to every community, at any moment to leave its
    separate elections at joint electorate’s favor.
    6. Muslim Majority Provinces.
    Any regional reallocation that may require at any point shall not
    influence the Muslim Majority in Provinces; Punjab, Bengal & NWFP.

    7. Religious Liberty.
    The complete Religious Liberty shall be awarded to all Religions i.e.
    Liberty of belief, worship.
    8. Three fourth representation.
    No bill and Resolution shall be passed in any legislative, if three
    fourth of the community members oppose such a bill.
    9. Separation of Sindh.
    Sindh Province should be segregated from the presidency of Mumbai.
    10. Introduction of Reforms in N.W.F.P and Baluchistan.
    Reforms should be introduced in the NWFP on the same
    footing as in other provinces.
    11. Government services.
    Muslims should be given adequate share along with other
    Indians in the services of the state.
    12. Protection of Muslim culture and Language.
    The law should provide safety and security of Muslim’s
    Culture, Religion, Education and language and also for Muslim Charity
    Organizations.
    13. One third Muslim Ministers.
    No cabinet either central or provincial will be formed without
    having at least One-third Muslim Ministers.
    14. Constitution.
    No change shall be made in the constitution by the central legislature
    except with the concurrence of the state constituting the Indian federation.
    3. Constitution Development acts:

    1. Act of 1861:
    The act of 1861 was passed on August 1. It was an act to make the better
    provision for the constitution of the council for the governor general of India. And
    for the local government of several presidencies and provinces of India. And for
    the temporary government of India in the event of vacancy in the Governor
    General’s office.
    2. Act of 1892:
    This act was induced after 31 years of the first, in these 31 years certain laws
    and administrative changes were made, but the formal changes were made in the
    act of 1892.
    1. The number of non-official members was increased from 10-16 in
    central and provincial legislatures.
    2. The Universities, Landlords, were authorized to recommend members to
    provincial council.
    3. This act allow the council to discuss each year’s annual financial
    statement.
    4. Under this act two-fifth of the members of the council was to be
    Non-official.
    5. In this act the number of additional members of the provincial Councils
    was also raised.

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