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    IPO Model

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    marylou rivera
    The document describes the Input-Process-Output (IPO) model for information systems. It defines each component as follows: Input refers to raw data or pre-existing data fed into the system from an external source. Process is the transformation that occurs within the system, such as storing, retrieving, and modifying data using hardware and software. Output is the result of processing the input and provides the link back to the external environment in the form of reports, displays, or data fed to other systems. The document provides examples of applying the IPO model to analyze problems and design programs. It outlines steps for completing an IPO model, including identifying the required inputs, outputs, and processes to transform inputs into outputs

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    IPO Model

    Uploaded by

    marylou rivera
    218 views14 pages
    The document describes the Input-Process-Output (IPO) model for information systems. It defines each component as follows: Input refers to raw data or pre-existing data fed into the system from an external source. Process is the transformation that occurs within the system, such as storing, retrieving, and modifying data using hardware and software. Output is the result of processing the input and provides the link back to the external environment in the form of reports, displays, or data fed to other systems. The document provides examples of applying the IPO model to analyze problems and design programs. It outlines steps for completing an IPO model, including identifying the required inputs, outputs, and processes to transform inputs into outputs

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    IPO model

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    The document describes the Input-Process-Output (IPO) model for information systems. It defines each component as follows: Input refers to raw data or pre-existing data fed into the system from an external source. Process is the transformation that occurs within the system, such as storing, retrieving, and modifying data using hardware and software. Output is the result of processing the input and provides the link back to the external environment in the form of reports, displays, or data fed to other systems. The document provides examples of applying the IPO model to analyze problems and design programs. It outlines steps for completing an IPO model, including identifying the required inputs, outputs, and processes to transform inputs into outputs

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    218 views14 pages

    IPO Model

    Uploaded by

    marylou rivera
    The document describes the Input-Process-Output (IPO) model for information systems. It defines each component as follows: Input refers to raw data or pre-existing data fed into the system from an external source. Process is the transformation that occurs within the system, such as storing, retrieving, and modifying data using hardware and software. Output is the result of processing the input and provides the link back to the external environment in the form of reports, displays, or data fed to other systems. The document provides examples of applying the IPO model to analyze problems and design programs. It outlines steps for completing an IPO model, including identifying the required inputs, outputs, and processes to transform inputs into outputs

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 14

    The IPO Model

    Input – Process - Output


    I = Input
    Input is something from the external
    environment that is fed into the system.

    In an information system, the inputs may


    be raw data "captured" in some way or
    pre-existing data which has been provided
    by an external system.

    In either case, the data input is provided


    by an external entity.
    P = Process
    The transformation process is the most
    important element of a system.

    The process accepts the inputs into the system


    and performs some type of operation on it which
    transforms it into some other state. In the
    simplest of terms, the process is at the heart of
    any system.

    In a computerised information system, the


    process is normally the storage, retrieval and
    modification of data which is accomplished by
    hardware and software.
    O = Output
    Output from the system which is the result of
    processing the input.

    Without output, a system has no link back into


    it's external environment.

    Output of an information system may be reports


    generated by an information system, or a picture
    on a computer monitor, or even data that is fed
    into another external system.
    The IPO Model

    Data and
    INPUT OUTPUT
    Processing

    Your analysis
    starts here

    The requirements of the Output, more than anything


    else, will determine the requirements of the System.
    Steps to complete an IPO Model
    Steps
    1. Read and understand the problem
    2. Identify the outputs
    Pick intrinsic variable names that represent the output
    3. Decide what data (the inputs) is required in order to
    get the required output
    Sometimes these will be given to you, sometimes not,
    which means you may need to invent inputs.
    4. Once you have the outputs and the inputs you need
    to determine how the inputs can be transformed into
    the required outputs. This is a dynamic process
    which may mean you need to continually return to
    the previous steps.
    Example
    Analysis for CelsiusToFahrenheit Program:

    Input
    degrees Celsius
    Process
    F = C * (9/5) + 32
    Output
    degrees Fahrenheit
    Problem Statement
    A student's final grade for a course is a
    weighted average of two tests, a final
    exam, and four projects. Each test is worth
    15%, the final is worth 30%, and the
    projects are worth a total of 40% (10%
    each). Given a student's grades for all of
    these assignments, calculate the final
    score.
    What input/s are require?
    What process/es are require?
    What output/s are require?
    Problem Statement
    A student's final grade for a course is a weighted average of two
    tests, a final exam, and four projects. Each test is worth 15%, the
    final is worth 30%, and the projects are worth a total of 40% (10%
    each). Given a student's grades for all of these assignments,
    calculate the final score.

    Input Process Output


    Get Result of Test1 1. Calculate FinalScore FinalScore
    Get Result of Test2 2. FinalScore = (Test1 + Test2)
    Get Result of FinalExam * 15/100 + Test3 * 30/100 +
    (Project1 + Project2 +
    Get Result of Project1
    Project3 + Project4) * 40/100
    Get Result of Project2
    Get Result of Project3
    Get Result of Project4
    Design Exercises
    1. Construct an IPO chart for a program that gives an
    employee Php50 bonus for every 500 items sold in a
    week.

    2. Construct an IPO chart to find the Area and


    Perimeter of a rectangle.

    3. Construct an IPO chart for a program that will


    output a student' s grading based on letter grades (
    A, B, C, D, or F) in five courses.
    Flowchart

    A graphical representation of an
    algorithm, often used in the design phase
    of programming to work out the logical flow
    of a program.
    Basic Flowcharting Symbols
    Basic Flowcharting Symbols
    THANK YOU!!!

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