CENTRAL PHILIPPINE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
ECE 2202
PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM

LABORATORY NO. 1

AM BROADCAST STATION FREQUENCY STUDY

SUBMITTED BY:

Atasha Bernadette Sablon

DATE OF SUBMISSION:

April 28, 2022

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CENTRAL PHILIPPINE UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
 ECE 2202 PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
LABORATORY EXERCISE #1
AM BROADCAST STATION FREQUENCY STUDY

OBJECTIVES:
1. To determine if the regulated channel protection ratios as regulated by NTC through
KBP are being followed by AM radio stations in Iloilo.
2. To make a frequency plot of the existing AM Radio stations in Iloilo to verify that channel
guard bands are followed.

PROCEDURE:
1. Broadcast stations are allowed to operate on a non-interference basis. Stations
operating at the same frequency or close in frequency must be adequately spaced from
each other in order to avoid inter station interference.

Research, study and fill in the designated AM Broadcast Band Specifications:

AM Bandwidth: 30 kHz
Carrier Frequency: 535 to 1605 kHz with 10 kHz increments
Guardband: 36 kHz
Inter station separation in a given service area: 36 kHz
Station channel bandwidth: 9 kHz

2. What are protection ratios?

The NTC adopted the technical standards by KBP regarding protection ratios.

What are the regulated protection ratios for the following:

Co-Channel Stations(same frequency): 40 dB
1st Adjacent Channel(9 kHz offset): 30 dBm
2nd Adjacent Channel(18 kHz offset): 40 dBm

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CENTRAL PHILIPPINE UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
3. Make a frequency plot using diagrams or charts of all applicable AM stations in Iloilo.
Using this chart, check whether enough guard band and interstation separation are
followed.

4. Choose any identified AM Broadcast Station in Iloilo City and make a profile of it.
Aksyon Radyo Iloilo - Manila
Broadcasting Company owns and
operates AKSYON RADYO ILOILO,
DYOK 720 kHz, an AM station. It
has a studio on the 3rd floor of the
Carlos Uy Building on Benigno
Aquino Avenue in Mandurriao, Iloilo
City. On September 16, 1991, it
became OK 720 RADYO BALITA,
with Engr. Sonny Mondejar as

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Station Manager. In December 1999, AKSYON RADYO ILOILO was officially renamed
"AKSYON RADYO."
John Paul B. Tia, a seasoned broadcast journalist, is now in charge. AKSYON RADYO
ILOILO displays its mettle in the business with balanced programming that caters to the
A,B,C,D, and E crowds, thanks to his commitment, leadership, and all-out support from the
station's 35 strong men and women. AKSYON RADYO ILOILO also employs some of the
industry's most well-known radio newscasters, reporters, and anchormen. From 3:45 a.m.
until 12:00 a.m., the most responsible and responsive current affairs and entertainment
shows are broadcast.

The company is licensed by the NTC. AKSYON RADYO ILOILO uses a 10,000-watt power
capacity, a Broadcast Electronics transmitter, and other cutting-edge digital equipment.
Metro Iloilo, Panay, Guimaras, Negros Occidental, portion of Cebu, Palawan, Masbate,
Romblon, and Negros Oriental are all covered by the station. Chief Technician Jose Rolly
Pabillo is in charge of first-class radio engineers.

5. Fill in the information on the given table regarding the chosen station.

CALLSIGN DYOK
COMPANY Pacific Broadcasting Systems
FREQUENCY 720 kHz

POWER 10,000 watts

LOCATION Iloilo City

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6. Determine if the chosen AM station is protected from a co-channel station from Bacolod
City. You only have to identify one station only. Make a profile of the station also.
From the city of Bacolod, the commercial
and political capital of Negros Occidental,
dyEZ Aksyon Radyo-Bacolod can be
traced back to the city of La Carlota,
where it initially began operations in the
1960s from the administrative building of
the then Elizalde-owned Central
Azucarera De La Carlota.

The little community radio station, initially known as dyEN, hosted some of the
province's first broadcasters until it was shut down after the advent of martial law. It
relaunched as dyEZ many years later, and before the explosion of FM stations, it
became the main news and music station. DYEZ Sunshine City Bacolod was the
localized counterpart of Manila's DWIZ, which was known at the time as Sunshine City.

By the 1980s, dyEZ had switched to a

full-time news and public affairs format. With it
came a name change, from Radyo Balita to
Radyo Owang, before landing on Aksyon
Radyo, widely regarded as the most
appropriate name for a dynamic news and
public affairs program.

Now in its 49th year of broadcasting,

Aksyon Radyo Bacolod is committed to
providing and promoting the constitutional rights of every Filipino, including freedom of
speech, expression, and the press, through its radio presenters and management.

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CENTRAL PHILIPPINE UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
 7. Determine the location of the co channel station on a map and measure the air distance
between the two stations. Using a terrain map, describe and determine the conductivity
profile of the two stations.

OBSERVATIONS:

1. Did the selected co-channel station interfere with your selected station? Why?

The selected co-channel station is DYEZ while the selected station is DYOK.
Both channels do not interfere with each other because as seen in the figure above, the
air distance between the two is 320.61 km, and it is a great distance which allows both
channels to operate without interference. It is also seen that they have different
frequencies. 720 kHz and 684 kHz for DYOK and DYEZ respectively, which shows a 36
kHz difference (channel spacing).

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CENTRAL PHILIPPINE UNIVERSITY – COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
2. From your survey using a terrain map, is there an obstruction between your selected
station and the co-channel station?

By observing the terrain map, I can say that there is no major obstruction
between the DYOK and DYEZ, the land and the ocean separates them but since signal
travels in air, I can say that there is no obstruction between them.

3. At what distance (minimum) should another station with similar parameters as your
selected station be set up in order to comply with the protection ratio restrictions?
Explain.

The minimum distance should be 96.5 kilometers. It needs to be far away

because of possible interference. A station should consider the channel’s coverage
range and it’s interference with other channels.

CONCLUSION:

After doing this laboratory, I learned more about the AM Stations here in Iloilo
especially the one that I specifically chose to make a profile of, which is the Aksyon
Radyo Iloilo. I also learned about its co channel station which is the Aksyon Radyo
Bacolod. Doing this laboratory also made me familiar about the location of the two
stations and how far away they are from each other at air distance. Another thing, I
learned is the protection ratio that are regulated by NTC through KBP. All of the AM
Stations in Iloilo follow the protection ratio which is 36 kHz, which is why there is no
interference between that stations that are still operating.

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