EDC Lab 5

Department of Mechatronics Engineering
ELECTRONIC DEVICES & CIRCUITS

Lab Manual
Experiment No.5
Semester
BEMTS-II A
Submitted By
M. Zohaib Ali
Roll No. 201110
Submission Date
June 21, 2021
Checked By
Objective:
Prepared By: Engr. Salman Bari | Engr. Anam Maqbool

To become familiar with the function of clipper and development of Clipper Circuit
using Diodes.
Apparatus:
Sr. No Name of Apparatus
1 Diode
2 Resistors
3 Regulated Power Supply
4 Bread Board
5 Oscilloscope
7 Function Generator
Explanation:
The circuit with which wave form is shaped by removing a portion of the applied
wave is known as clipping circuit. Clipping circuits (also known as limiters, amplitude selectors,
or slicers), are used to remove the part of a signal that is above or below some defined
reference level.
An example of a clipper circuit is the half-wave rectifier. The half-wave rectifier is a circuit that
allows only part of an input signal to pass. The circuit is simply the combination of a single diode
in series with a resistor, where the resistor is acting as a load.
Why are Clippers Used?

Clipper circuits are used to eliminate amplitude noise or to produce new
waveforms from an existing signal.
Further clipping circuits are used to select for purposes of transmission, that part of a signal
wave form which lies above or below a certain reference voltage level.
Positive Diode Clipping Circuit:

In this diode clipping circuit, the diode is forward biased (anode
more positive than cathode) during the positive half cycle of the sinusoidal input waveform. For
the diode to become forward biased, it must have the input voltage magnitude greater than
+0.7 volts (0.3 volts for a germanium diode).
When this happens the diodes begins to conduct and holds the voltage across itself constant at
0.7V until the sinusoidal waveform falls below this value. Thus the output voltage which is
taken across the diode can never exceed 0.7 volts during the positive half cycle.

During the negative half cycle, the diode is reverse biased (cathode more positive than anode)
blocking current flow through itself and as a result has no effect on the negative half of the
sinusoidal voltage which passes to the load unaltered. Then the diode limits the positive half of
the input waveform and is known as a positive clipper circuit.
Proteus Results:
Practical Result:

Negative Diode Clipping Circuit:

Here the reverse is true. The diode is forward biased during the negative half cycle of the
sinusoidal waveform and limits or clips it to –0.7 volts while allowing the positive half cycle to
pass unaltered when reverse biased. As the diode limits the negative half cycle of the input
voltage it is therefore called a negative clipper circuit.
Proteus Result:

Practical Result:
Clipping of Both Half Cycles:

If we connected two diodes in inverse parallel as shown, then both the positive and negative
half cycles would be clipped as diode D 1 clips the positive half cycle of the sinusoidal input

waveform while diode D2 clips the negative half cycle. Then diode clipping circuits can be used
to clip the positive half cycle, the negative half cycle or both.
For ideal diodes the output waveform above would be zero. However, due to the forward bias
voltage drop across the diodes the actual clipping point occurs at +0.7 volts and –0.7 volts
respectively. But we can increase this ±0.7V threshold to any value we want up to the maximum
value, (VPEAK) of the sinusoidal waveform either by connecting together more diodes in series
creating multiples of 0.7 volts, or by adding a voltage bias to the diodes.
Proteus Result:
Practical Result:

Positive Bias Diode Clipping:

To produce diode clipping circuits for voltage waveforms at different levels, a bias voltage, V BIAS
is added in series with the diode to produce a combination clipper as shown. The voltage across
the series combination must be greater than VBIAS + 0.7V before the diode becomes sufficiently
forward biased to conduct. For example, if the V BIAS level is set at 4.0 volts, then the sinusoidal
voltage at the diode’s anode terminal must be greater than 4.0 + 0.7 = 4.7 volts for it to become
forward biased. Any anode voltage levels above this bias point are clipped off.
Proteus Result:

Negative Bias Diode Clipping:

Likewise, by reversing the diode and the battery bias voltage, when a diode conducts the
negative half cycle of the output waveform is held to a level –VBIAS – 0.7V as shown.
Proteus Result:

Task:
I. Implement all the circuits in this lab manual on bread board and observe the clipping of signal
in each case on oscilloscope (Attach pictures of input/output signal).
II. Use Proteus to sketch the schematic of the circuits given in this manual and observe input and
output signal using oscilloscope and compare the ideal and practical results of the given circuits.
Conclusion:
In this lab we learned about the use of a Diode clipping and how its applied for
a Circuit. We learned how a clipper switch functions. We were able to understand its
importance in an Electronic Circuit as an Electronic Switch.

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Department of Mechatronics Engineering

ELECTRONIC DEVICES & CIRCUITS

Roll No. 201110

Prepared By: Engr. Salman Bari | Engr. Anam Maqbool

Why are Clippers Used?

Positive Diode Clipping Circuit:

Prepared By: Engr. Salman Bari | Engr. Anam Maqbool

Prepared By: Engr. Salman Bari | Engr. Anam Maqbool

Negative Diode Clipping Circuit:

Prepared By: Engr. Salman Bari | Engr. Anam Maqbool

Clipping of Both Half Cycles:

Prepared By: Engr. Salman Bari | Engr. Anam Maqbool

Prepared By: Engr. Salman Bari | Engr. Anam Maqbool

Positive Bias Diode Clipping:

Prepared By: Engr. Salman Bari | Engr. Anam Maqbool

Negative Bias Diode Clipping:

Prepared By: Engr. Salman Bari | Engr. Anam Maqbool

Prepared By: Engr. Salman Bari | Engr. Anam Maqbool

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