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    Wall Slab

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    SSA Arifa
    The document describes the wall-slab structural system. It is a load bearing structural system that uses load bearing walls and slabs to distribute loads to the foundation. Loads are transferred from the slab down through the wall and into the footing and ground. Wall arrangements can be cellular, simple cross walls, or double cross walls. Openings in walls are limited and require lintels or arches. Stairs are supported by parallel load bearing walls. Spans are typically 15-20 feet. Advantages include durability, fire resistance, and low cost. Case studies provided examples of this system used in buildings like Fallingwater and The Friendship Centre.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Wall Slab

    Uploaded by

    SSA Arifa
    636 views43 pages
    The document describes the wall-slab structural system. It is a load bearing structural system that uses load bearing walls and slabs to distribute loads to the foundation. Loads are transferred from the slab down through the wall and into the footing and ground. Wall arrangements can be cellular, simple cross walls, or double cross walls. Openings in walls are limited and require lintels or arches. Stairs are supported by parallel load bearing walls. Spans are typically 15-20 feet. Advantages include durability, fire resistance, and low cost. Case studies provided examples of this system used in buildings like Fallingwater and The Friendship Centre.

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    -WALL-SLAB

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    The document describes the wall-slab structural system. It is a load bearing structural system that uses load bearing walls and slabs to distribute loads to the foundation. Loads are transferred from the slab down through the wall and into the footing and ground. Wall arrangements can be cellular, simple cross walls, or double cross walls. Openings in walls are limited and require lintels or arches. Stairs are supported by parallel load bearing walls. Spans are typically 15-20 feet. Advantages include durability, fire resistance, and low cost. Case studies provided examples of this system used in buildings like Fallingwater and The Friendship Centre.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    636 views43 pages

    Wall Slab

    Uploaded by

    SSA Arifa
    The document describes the wall-slab structural system. It is a load bearing structural system that uses load bearing walls and slabs to distribute loads to the foundation. Loads are transferred from the slab down through the wall and into the footing and ground. Wall arrangements can be cellular, simple cross walls, or double cross walls. Openings in walls are limited and require lintels or arches. Stairs are supported by parallel load bearing walls. Spans are typically 15-20 feet. Advantages include durability, fire resistance, and low cost. Case studies provided examples of this system used in buildings like Fallingwater and The Friendship Centre.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 43

    WALL SLAB

    A CONVENTIONAL STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

    ARCH 3104 GROUP 01


    ROLL 17090 01 - 09
    Conventional Structural Systems

    1. WALL – SLAB 2. POST – SLAB 3. POST – LINTEL


    Wall-Slab

    1. Definition
    2. Load Distribution Technique
    3. Under Ground/Foundation
    4. Materials
    5. Pre-Casting Wall
    6. Pros & Cons
    7. Comparison to Other Structures
    01
    Definitions Of Wall-Slab
    Continuous or linear support system to distribute loads to
    the ground by using only load bearing wall and slabs.
    A load bearing wall is a type of wall which bears load given
    on top of it without the help of column. This system acts by
    conducting the given weight to a foundation structure.
    02
    Load Transferring System:
    Load transfer method :
    • Liv e Load & Dead Load

    • Slab

    • Wall

    • Footing

    • Ground
    Load distribution :

    Square type plan Rectangular type plan


    Structural Members
    1. Vertical load bearing member – WALL

    Types of arrangements :
    • Cellular wall arrangements : This whole system
    works actively when the external wall is connected
    to the internal walls by creating a cellular wall
    arrangements.

    • Simple cross wall arrangements : when


    the construction of the building requires to build
    identical rooms similar to typical hostel rooms,
    this arrangement is used.
    • Double cross arrangements : Keeping the same
    layout parallelly across each other
    with a cross wall connections.

    • Complex wall arrangement :


    Example of Cellular Wall arrangement with Two way slab

    Sham laal house, New Delhi. Ground floor plan


    Example of Double cross arrangement with one way slab

    Municipal housing development


    MIES VAN DER ROHE
    Example of Complex wall arrangement with one way slab

    Bhatshala house,
    Bashirul Haque.
    Structural Members
    2. Horizontal load bearing member – SLAB
    Types of arrangements :
    • One way slab : Length or width should be more than or equal to 2
    • Two way slab : Length or width should be less than or equal to 2
    • Waffle : Suitable for large span

    One Way Slab Two Way Slab Waffle


    Openning in Wall Slab :

    • Opening should not be more than 30% of the load bearing wall.
    • Lintel or arch frame is used
    • Floor to wall opening can be made
    • Continuous horizontal opening must be avoided
    • Small opening is preferred.
    • For large openings ,arches are provided.
    • Opening is of trabeated or arcuate system.
    Position of Stair

    • Landing should be supported by load bearing wall


    • Wall in both sides is the main structural members
    • Parallel wall in two sides can also provide support
    • Arch can also provide support to stairs

    Load
    Parallel
    bearing
    walls
    walls
    Span
    • Economic span: 15 ft

    • Maximum span: 20ft

    • Wall thickness: 10-15 in

    • Large span of roof is problematic but it can


    be solved by waffle slab
    Punch Making Method
    • Generally punch cannot be possible
    • Only a punch can appear on first floor with respect to four walls around it
    • Punch cannot be done 1/3 of the area of the roof

    One Way Slab Two Way Slab


    Sham Laal House, New Delhi.

    Ground floor plan First floor plan


    Rewal House, Rajrewal

    Ground floor plan First floor plan


    Wall Position, Height & Thickness

    • Primarily 12” at six storey level and increases 4” at every one storey down.
    • For buildings not more than 3 stories or 35’ in height, masonry walls may be 12” thick.
    • One storied solid masonry walls not more than 9’ high may be 10” thick.
    • Position of walls are same.
    • Plans follow no grid pattern , it can be any desired shape.
    • Unusually small punches are provided in elevation
    • For large openings arches are provided
    • For hot dry climate this type of structure gives extra benefit.
    • Screen wall can be added.
    Other Design Considerations
    • Large ,unbroken plans could be expressed
    • Arch, dome, and vaults can be constructed in this type of structure
    • Solid void relation is boldly represented
    • Slab thickness generally 8”
    Cantilever
    Generally no cantilever is used.

    Materials
    Reinforced concrete slab with wooden , brick or stone walls.

    Cost and time


    Low rise buildings – This system represents economy, generally low cost construction
    Foundation – More shallow than other systems.
    Construction period – Larger than other systems.
    Wall Footing
    • It consists of several courses of bricks, the lowest course being usually twice the breadth of the
    wall above.
    • The increased base width of the wall is archived by providing 5cm offset on either side of the
    wall.
    • The depth of the each course is usually 10cm, in some cases 20cm.
    • The depth of lean concrete bed is normally less than 15cm.
    ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
    • Load bearing masonry is durable • Slow process

    • It is fire resistant • Requires skilled masons

    • High compressive strength • Low tensile

    • Aesthetically attractive strength, can fail


    during earthquakes
    • Low cost
    • High self-weight
    • Environment friendly
    • Poor thermal insulation
    • Easy construction
    properties
    • True expression of brick

    • This type of structure lasted for thousand years

    • For hot dry climate this type of structure gives


    extra benefit.
    CASE STUDY-01
    FALLING WATER, MILL RUN, PENNSYLVANIA
    ARCHITECT FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
    CONCEPT
    • Organic Architecture
    • Close relationship to the glen,
    the trees, the foliage and wild
    flowers
    • The glory of the natural
    surrounding is brought in as
    part of the daily life.
    • Spaces are designed to bring
    nature into the four walls.

    FORM
    GENERATION
    Horizontal & vertical
    lines are distinctive
    features of the building
    * Load bearing area
    * Natural zone
    * Here in projects for 50 % and 70 %
    cantilever double slab used
    PARGOLA AS STRUCTURAL ELEMENT
    Wall position on slab
    CASE STUDY-02
    THE FRIENDSHIP CENTRE,GAIBANDHA,BANGLADESH
    •The Friendship Center near the district town
    of gaibandha Bangladesh, is for an NGO which works
    ARCHITECT Kashef Mahboob Chowdhury/URBANA with some of the poorest in the country and who live
    Area: 2897.0 sqm mainly in riverine islands (chars) with very limited
    MaterialsSpecialized bricks access and opportunities.
    CONCEPT

    As in construction, so in conception - the complex of the centre rise and exist as echo of ruins, alive with the
    memory of the remains of Mahasthan (3rd century BC), some sixty kilometers away. Constructed and finished
    primarily of one material - local hand- made bricks - the spaces arc woven out of pavilions, courtyards, pools
    and greens; corridors and shadows.

    Simplicity is the intent, monastic is the fee


    THE PLAN IS DEVIDED IN TWO FUNCTIONAL CIRCULATION:
    PARTS-
    • No grid pattern and freedom of planning.
    KA BLOCK – Public activities • Inter connection between spaces, joy of exploring.
    • Corridor system- Short span corridor in public zone ( 2’6”)
    KHA BLOCK – More private spaces and long span corridor(5’) in private zone.
    • Large courtyard in public zone and small courtyard and
    Pools and service room pathway in residential zone.
    SPATIAL PROPERTIES:
    More open spaces – Pavillions, Courtyards,
    Pools and Greens.
    Open places help in ventilation and cooling.
    Image of a Buddhist Monastary.
    Inter Woven Mat of Volumes.
    • Mostly one way slab
    • Small openings
    • Span 12’6”
    • Stair has parallel load bearing wall on
    both sides.
    • Openings comperatively more than in
    wall slab system.
    • Extensive network of septic tank
    • Made of brick, Environmental friendly.
    CASE STUDY-03
    RAMKRISHNA HOUSE
    ARCHITECT CHARLES CORREA
    Area: 2897.0 sqm
    MaterialsSpecialized bricks
    Load Transfer System Wall Slab and stair
    and Orientation position
    CASE STUDY-04
    National archives, Agargaon

    Name of the Architect: Muzharul Islam


    Structural system: Wall-slab
    CASE STUDY-05
    Architect’s own residence, Indira road
    Name of the Architect: Bashirul Haq
    Structural system: Wall-slab
    CASE STUDY-06
    Casa Bianchi

    Architect: Mario Botta


    Structural system: Wall-slab
    CASE STUDY-07
    House in Pregassona
    ARCHITECT: Mario Botta
    CASE STUDY-08
    Casa Rotonda
    ARCHITECT Mario Botta
    THANK YOU

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