MANUAL

Product Name: Single Beam NDIR CO2 Sensor Module

Item No.: CU-1106

Version: V0.1
Single Beam NDIR CO2 Sensor Module
CU-1106

Applications
▪ HVAC industry
▪ IAQ monitor
▪ Air purifier
▪ Automotive
▪ IoT devices
▪ Plant growth

Description
The CU-1106 CO2 sensor module is based on a single beam, non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) technology, which can
detect CO2 concentration in ambient, indoor environments. With high accuracy, high stability, and compact size, it is
widely used in HVAC systems, Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), Automotive and many other applications.
Features
▪ NDIR technology with independent intellectual property
▪ High accuracy, long term stability, long life (>10years)
▪ Temperature calibration within a whole measurement range
▪ Auto-calibrated, no need for maintenance
▪ Signal output PWM/UART/I²C
▪ Small size and compact structure, easy to install

Working Principle
The main components of an NDIR CO2 sensor are an infrared source, a sample chamber, a filter and an infrared
detector. The infrared light is directed by the infrared source passing through the gas chamber towards the detector.

CO2 molecules inside the gas chamber will only absorb a specific
Specifications wavelength of the light. The filter allows only the specific wavelength
corresponded to pass through it. The detector measures the intensity
of infrared light that is related to the intensity of CO2 and can be
Specifications described through the Lambert-Beer’s Law. The change in sensor
signal reflects the change in gas concentration.

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Specifications

Single Beam NDIR CO2 Sensor Specification

Target gas Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Operating principle Non-dispersive infrared (NDIR)

Measurement range 0-5000ppm

Working temperature -10°C ~ 50°C

Working humidity 0-95%RH (non-condensing)

Storage temperature -30°C ~ 70°C

Storage humidity 0-95%RH (non-condensing)

Accuracy ± (50ppm+5% of reading) @25±2℃, 50±10%RH

Sampling frequency 1s

Time to first reading ≤30s

Power supply DC 3.5V-5.5V

Ripple wave <50mV

Working current <45mA

Dimensions 33x19.7x8.9mm (pin is not included)

Weight 5g

UART: TTL
Signal output PWM: linear output
I²C

Output high level minimum duration: 2ms (0ppm)

PWM output
Output high level maximum duration: 1004ms (5000ppm)

Alarm output (Reserved) According to customer’s actual usage environment and requirements

Life span ≥10 years

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Dimensions and Connector

1. Dimensions (Unit mm, tolerance ±0.2 mm)

2. I/O Connector Pinout

CON5 CON4
Pin Name Description Pin Name Description

1 +3.3V Power supply output (+3.3V/100mA) 1 +5V Power supply input (3.5V-5.5V)
UART-RX (Receiving)/I²C data, compatible
2 RX/SDA 2 GND Power supply input (GND)
with 3.3V and 5V communication
UART-TX (Sending)/I²C clock, Compatible
3 TX/SCL 3 A Alarming
with 3.3V communication

Output mode exchange: High level or

4 R/T floating is UART communication mode, low 4 PWM PWM output
level is I²C communication mode

5 CA Manual calibration

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Typical Application Circuit

Application scene: UART TTL serial port output

Description of Calibration

Auto Calibration:
Rough installation, improper soldering and aggressive transportation might result in reducing of the sensors reading
accuracy and zero drift. The sensor module will correct the drift by the built-in self-correcting logic. Powering on the
sensor for 15 days continuously, will record the lowest CO2 concentration measurement value during these 15 days.
The CU-1106 Sensor will auto calibrate after 15 days and will regard the outdoor fresh air CO2 concentration (400ppm)
as baseline. In order to ensure the reading accuracy after auto calibration, please make sure the working environment
of the sensor can reach the outdoor fresh air level, and that the CO2 concentration of the sensor can reduce to the
outdoor air level (400ppm) during the 15 days.

Note: Please contact with CO2Meter for more detailed auto calibration strategies.

Manual Calibration:
Rough installation, improper soldering and aggressive transportation might result in a reducing of the sensor reading
accuracy and zero drift. If you need to recover accuracy quickly after installing, you can do manual calibration. To do
so, put the sensor in an environment where the CO2 concentration level can reach 400ppm, and ensure the CO2
concentration in this environment is stable before calibration. The CA pin of the sensor should be well connected for
at least 2 seconds when doing the manual calibration. The sensor will activate the calibration program after 6 seconds.
In addition, please refer to the communication protocol for more details.

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PWM and Alarm Output

PWM cycle: 1004ms

Positive pulse width: 0-5000: (PPM/5) + 2ms
CO2 concentration detection value: 500ppm range: (PWM Positive pulse width -2) *5
PWM output schema:

PWM output

Alarm Output
If the CO2 concentration rises up to more than 1000ppm, the alarming will be triggered and output high level. When
the CO2 concentration goes down to below 800ppm, the alarming will stop and output low level.

Note
Connect the pin of PWM to the oscilloscope.
Add a pull-up resistor around 5K-10K between the pin of PWM and power supply.

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Product Installation

1. In order to ensure airflow diffusion into the sensor inner, make sure the minimum distance between the area of
waterproof filter and the other components is 1.5 mm, otherwise, quick response time of the sensor will be affected.
Reference as below:

1.5mm
1.5mm Waterproof Filter

2. To avoid the influence of stress on sensor, please soldering by hand as much as possible when mounting the
sensor to the PCB.
Reference as below:

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UART Communication Protocol

1. General Statement

1).The data in this protocol is all hexadecimal data. Example: “46” for decimal [70].
2). Baud rate: 9600, Data Bits: 8, Stop Bits: 1, Parity: No, Flow control: No.
3). [x x] is for single-byte data (unsigned, 0-255); for double data, high byte is in front of low byte.

2. Format of Serial Communication Protocol

Sending format of test software:

Start Symbol Length Command Data1 … Data n. Check Sum

HEAD LEN CMD DATA1 … DATAn CS
11H XXH XXH XXH … XXH XXH

Detail description on protocol format:

Protocol Format Description

Start Symbol Sending by test software is fixed as [11H], module response is fixed as [16H]
Length Length of frame bytes= data length +1 (including CMD+DATA)
Command Command
Data Data of writing or reading, length is not fixed
Check Sum Cumulative sum of data = 256-(HEAD+LEN+CMD+DATA)

3. Command Table of Serial Protocol

Item No. Function Name Command

1 Read measured result of CO2 0x01

2 Open/ Close ABC and set ABC parameter 0x10

3 Calibrate concentration value of CO2 0x03

4 Read the serial number of the sensor 0x1F

5 Read software version 0x1E

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 4. Detail Description of RS232 Protocol

4.1 Read Measured Result of CO2

Send: 11 01 01 ED
Response: 16 05 01 DF1- DF4 [CS]
Function: Read measured result of CO2 (Unit: ppm)

Note:
CO2 measured result = DF1*256+DF2
DF3 DF4 is reserved

Example:
Response: 16 05 01 02 58 00 00 8B

Explanation:
Hex is converted to decimal: 02 is 02; 58 is 88 CO2 concentration =02*256+88 = 600ppm

4.2 Open/Close ABC and Set ABC Parameter

Send: 11 07 10 DF1 DF2 DF3 DF4 DF5 DF6 CS
Response: 16 01 10 D9

Explanation:
DF1: reserved, default 100 (0x64)
DF2: open/close auto calibration (0: open; 2: close)
DF3: calibration cycle (1-30 days optional, default is 15days)
DF4: High base value (2 bytes)
DF5: Low base value (2 bytes)
DF6: reserved, default is 100 (0x64)

Note: The auto calibration function is open with 15 days calibration cycle by default.
The default value of DF4 and DF5 is 400, that is DF4: 01; DF5:90

4.2.1 Close ABC

In our sensor, the ABC function is default open status. If you want to close it, you should set the DF2=2.

Example:
Send: 11 07 10 64 02 07 01 90 64 76
Response: 16 01 10 D9

4.2.2 Open ABC and Set Calibration Cycle

When ABC function is closed and you want to re-open ABC function, you should set the DF2=0.
Example:
you could send below command to open ABC function and set the calibration cycle 7 days.
Send: 11 07 10 64 00 07 01 90 64 78
Response: 16 01 10 D9

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4.2.3 Change the Calibration Cycle
The calibration cycle is 15 days by default. For example, if you want to change the calibration cycle to 10 days, you
should set the DF3=10.
Example:
Send: 11 07 10 64 00 0A 01 90 64 75
Response: 16 01 10 D9

4.3 Calibration of CO2 Concentration

Send: 11 03 03 DF1 DF2 CS
Response: 16 01 03 E6
Function: Calibration of CO2 concentration

Note:
1. Calibration target value = DF1*256+DF2 Unit: PPM, range (400-1500ppm)
2. Before calibration, please make sure CO2 concentration in current ambient is calibration target value. Keeping
this CO2 concentration for two 2 minutes, then began calibration.

Example:
When you need to calibrate CO2 concentration of the sensor to 600ppm, send command:
Send: 11 03 03 02 58 8F
Hex is converted to decimal: 02 is 02; 58 is 88
CO2 concentration =02*256+88 = 600ppm

4.4 Read the Serial Number of the Sensor

Send: 11 01 1F CF
Response: 16 0B 1F (SN1) (SN2) (SN3) (SN4) (SN5) [CS]
Function: Read the serial number of the sensor
Note: Read the serial number of the sensor. SN: 0~9999, 5 integer form 20-digit number

4.5 Read Software Version

Send: 11 01 1E D0
Response: 16 0C 1E DF1-DF11 CS
Function: Read software version

Note:
DF1-DF10: stand for ASCII code of software version, DF11 is reserved

Example:
When the sensor version is CM V0.0.20, response data as follows:
Hexadecimal converted to ASCII code:
Note: when 20 converted to ASCII code, it equals to blank space.

16 0C 1E 43 4D 20 56 30 2E 30 2E 32 30 00 97

CM V0.0.20

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I²C Communication Protocol

1. Timing Diagram Introduction

1.1 Common Description

a. This protocol is based on standard I2C timing sequence, the clock frequency is 10kHz～400kHz.
b. Use big-endian format, the most significant bit to be sent first.

1.2 I2C Sequence Diagram Introduction

Parameter
Item Unit
Min Type Max

fSCL (SCL clock frequency) 10 400 KHz

tHD.STA (hold time of the starting bit) 0.6 us
tSU.STA (setup time of the starting bit) 0.6 us
tHD.DAT (hold time of the data) 0 ns
tSU.DAT (setup time of the data ) 250 ns
tSU.STO (setup time of the stop bit) 4 us

Note: SCL clock frequency is generated by the master device with the range 10khz～400khz.

Picture1: I2C clock introduction

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1.3 Basic Data Transmission Formats

S SA W A D A D … D A/~A P

Picture 2: The general data format sends from the master device to the slave

S SA R A D A D … D A/~A P

Picture 3: The general data format received from the slave device to the master device
The meaning of the symbol in picture 1.2 and picture 1.3:
S: start condition
SA: slave address
W: write bit
R: read bit
A: acknowledge bit
~A: not acknowledge bit
D: data, each data is 8bit
P: stop condition
Shadow: The signal generated from the master device
No Shadow: The signal generated from the slave device

1.4 Timing Diagram

Picture 4: The address byte sent from the master device

Picture 5: The master device read a byte from the slave device

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1.5 Notes
The performance of the MCU which is used in the sensor is not very high. If you use I/O port to simulate I²C master
device, it is suggested to reserve a period before and after ACK signal (such as 100 us), after sending every byte
(8 bit) to leave enough time for the SCM to process the data. Within requirements of speed, it is recommended to
lower the reading speed as much as possible.

2. Measuring Function

Format of command
Format of sending: [CMD][DF0] ……[DFn]
[CMD] Command number, for distinguishing different command.
[DF0]…… [DFn] The command with parameter item and optional items.
Format of response： [CMD][DF0]…… [DFn]［CS］
[CMD]: Command number
[DF0]…… [DFn]: Effective data
[CS]: Data check bit = -([CMD]+ [DF0]+……[DFn]) Only use the lowest bit

2.1 Statement of Measuring Command

The slave address is 0x31, the data command of the slave device is as below:
No. Function name CMD Function description
1 Measure result 0x01 Read measuring result
2 Auto zero setting specification setting 0x10 Set auto zero setting specification
3 Calibration 0x03 Calibration of CO2
4 Read the serial number of the sensor 0x1F Read the serial number of the sensor

5 Check software version 0x1E Read software version

2.2 Measuring Result

The master device should send command of measuring result.
Send: 0x01
Response: [0x01][DF0][DF1][DF2][CS]

Note:
1. Sensor starts measuring result status once receiving the command 0x01. After this, all the data which I²C read
will be such status format data, until the sensor receives new command or re-powering on.
2. Data format, master device receives DF0 first，and then receives CS at last.

Remark Status Bite Decimal Effective Reading Value Range Relative Value Multiple

CO2 measuring result [DF0] [DF1] 0 ~ 5,000 ppm 0 ~ 5,000 ppm 1

Status bit [DF2] 1

CO2 measuring result: DF 0 *256+DF 1 , Fixed output is 550ppm during preheating period

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Status bit: 0: Preheating; 1: Normal operation; 2: Operating trouble; 3: Out of FS, 5: Non-calibrated

Example:
The master device reads some data: Read 3 bit.
0x01 0x03 0x20 0x01 0xDB
CO2 measuring result = (0x03 0x20) h e x a d e c i m a l = (800) d e c i m a l = 800 ppm
Status bit: 0x01 means working normally
[CS]= -(0x01+0x03+0x20+0x01) Only keep the lowest bite.

2.3 Auto Zero Setting Specification Setting

Send: 0x10 [DF0] [DF1] [DF2] [DF3] [DF4] [DF5]
Response: [0x10] [DF0] [DF1] [DF2] [DF3] [DF4] [DF5] [CS]

Format description:
1. Sensor will be auto calibration specification setting status after receiving command 0x10. After this, all the data
which I2C read are the data in this status format, until sensor receives new command or repowering on.
2. Data format, the master will receive [DF0] firstly, and receive [CS] at last.
The result is calculated by high bit in front
Remark Data Bite Decimal Effective Reading Value Range Relative Value Multiple
Wrong code
[DF0] By default: 100 100 1
accelerate value

Zero setting switch [DF1] 0 or 2 0: Open, 2: Close 1

Calibration period [DF2] 1 ~ 15 1 ~ 15 1
Calibration Suggest 400 ~
[DF3] [DF4] 400 ~ 1499 1
concentration value 1499

Reserved byte [DF5] By default: 100 100 1

2.4 Calibration
The master device should send command of calibration.
Send: 0x03 [DF0] [DF1]
Response: [0x03] [DF0] [DF1] [CS]

Note:
1. Sensor starts calibration status once receiving command 0x03. After this, all the data which I²C read will be such
status format data, until the sensor receives new command or re-powering on.
2. Data format, master device receives DF0 first, and then receives CS at last. The result is calculated by high bit in
front: [DF0] * 256 + [DF1].

Remark Data Bite Decimal Effective Rading Value Range Relative Value Multiple
Adjust value [DF0] [DF1] 400 ~ 1,500 400 ~ 1,500ppm 1

2.5 Read the Serial Number of the Sensor

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Send: 0x1F
Response: [0x1F] [DF0] [DF1] [DF2] [DF3] [DF4] [DF5] [DF6] [DF7] [DF8] [DF9] [CS]

Note:
1. Sensor starts device code output status once receiving the command 0x1F. After this, all the data which I²C read
will be such status format data, until the sensor receives new command or re-powering on.
2. Data format, the master device receives [DF0] first, and then receives [CS] at last. The result is calculated by hig
h bit in front.

Remark Data Bit Decimal Effective Reading Value Range Relative Multiple

Integer type 1 [DF0] [DF1] 0 ~ 9999 0 ~ 9999 1

Integer type 2 [DF2] [DF3] 0 ~ 9999 0 ~ 9999 1

Integer type 3 [DF4] [DF5] 0 ~ 9999 0 ~ 9999 1

Integer type 4 [DF6] [DF7] 0 ~ 9999 0 ~ 9999 1
Integer type 5 [DF8] [DF9] 0 ~ 9999 0 ~ 9999 1

3. Five integers form a 20-bit code.

2.6 Read Software Version

Send: 0x1E
Response: [0x1E] [DF0] [DF1] [DF2] [DF3] [DF4] [DF5] [DF6] [DF7] [DF8] [DF9] [CS]

Note:
1. Sensor starts software version output status once receiving the command 0x1E. After this, all the data which I2C
read will be such status format data, until the sensor receives new command or re-powering on.
2. Data format, the master device receives DF0 first, and then receives CS at last. [DF0 ] …… [DF9 ] is ASCII.

3. Communication Diagram
Diagram: The master device read two bytes continuously from the slave device.
The slave machine address: 0x31 = 0110001 (the machine address is 7 bit) + read/write bit (1bit)
The slave data address: 0x01 = 00000001
Step 1: The master device sends the address of the slave device+ write bit: 0110001+0 → 01100010 (0x62); at this
time, the master device is in sending status.
Step 2: The master device sends the slave data address: 0x01

Picture 6: The timing diagram send from the master device

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Step 3: The master device send the slave machine address+ read bit: 0110001+1 → 01100011 (0x63); at this time,
the master device is in receiving status.

Step 4: The master device sends the answer bit after receiving a one-bit data and the slave continuously sends the
next data. If the master device sends the no-answer bit after receiving a one-bit data, then the communication will
stop.

Picture 7: The master device receives the data from the slave device

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Packing Information

Tray Size

Tray Qty 18
Carton

After-Sales Services and Consultancy

CO2Meter.com
131 Business Center Drive
Ormond Beach, FL 32168
E-mail: [email protected] or Support: [email protected]
(877) 678 – 4259 www.co2meter.com

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