An American National Standard

Designation: D2729 – 11

Standard Specification for

Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2729; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

1. Scope* D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-

1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods moplastic Pipe and Fittings
for materials, dimensions, workmanship, chemical resistance, D2152 Test Method for Adequacy of Fusion of Extruded
and joint tightness of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) sewer and Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe and Molded Fittings by
drain pipe and fittings. Perforated pipe is also covered; the joint Acetone Immersion
tightness test is not applicable for perforated pipe. A form of D2321 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermo-
marking to indicate compliance with this specification is also plastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applica-
included. tions
1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, D2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading
and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall D2444 Test Method for Determination of the Impact Resis-
not be considered as requirements of the specification. tance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded Tup (Falling Weight)
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for D2564 Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl
information only. Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping Systems
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
test methods portion, Section 6, of this specification: This 2.2 Federal Standard:
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)3
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user 2.3 Military Standard:
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage3
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita- 3. Terminology
tions prior to use.
3.1 Definitions—Definitions used are in accordance with
2. Referenced Documents Terminology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with
2.1 ASTM Standards:2 Terminology D1600, unless otherwise specified. The abbrevia-
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing tion for poly(vinyl chloride) is PVC.
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to 3.1.1 Pipe having perforations is called perforated pipe;
Plastics without perforations it is called standard pipe.
D1784 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
4. Materials
Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
(CPVC) Compounds 4.1 General—The pipe shall be made from virgin cell
12164 with a minimum tensile strength of 4000 psi (28 MPa),
or 12454 poly(vinyl chloride) compounds, as defined and
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic described in Specification D1784. The fittings shall be made
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.62 on Sewer.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2011. Published February 2011. Originally
from virgin poly(vinyl chloride) compounds of cell classifica-
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D2729 – 03. DOI: tion PVC 12454, or PVC 13343. Compounds that have
10.1520/D2729-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
the ASTM website. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

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 D2729 – 11
different cell classification because one or more properties are TABLE 2 Diameters and Tolerances for PVC Sewer and Drain
superior to those of the specified compounds are also accept- Pipe
able. Nominal
Average Outside
Pipe Size,
4.2 Rework Material—The manufacturer shall use only his in.
Diameter, mm (in.)
own clean pipe or fitting rework material; the pipe and fittings 2 57.15 6 0.15
produced shall meet all the requirements of this specification. (2.250 6 0.006)
3 82.55 6 0.20
5. Requirements (3.250 6 0.008)
4 107.06 6 0.22
5.1 Qualification and Referee Testing: (4.215 6 0.009)
5.1.1 Joint Testing—Joints made with pipe and fittings or 5 134.62 6 0 .25
(5.300 6 0.010)
belled end pipe shall show no signs of leakage when tested in 6 159.39 6 0 .28
accordance with 6.5. This test is not required for perforated (6.275 6 0.011)
pipe.
5.2 Quality Control Testing:
5.2.1 Workmanship—The pipe and fittings shall be homo- TABLE 3 Minimum Wall Thicknesses for PVC Sewer and Drain
geneous throughout and free from visible cracks, holes, foreign Pipe
inclusions, or other injurious defects. The pipe shall be as Nominal Pipe Wall
Size, in. Thickness, mm (in.)A
uniform as commercially practical in color, opacity, density,
and other physical properties. 2 1.78 (0.070)
3 1.78 (0.070)
5.2.2 Flattening—There shall be no evidence of splitting, 4 1.90 (0.075)
cracking, or breaking when the pipe is tested in accordance 5 2.27 (0.090)
6 2.54 (0.100)
with 6.4.
A
5.2.3 Extrusion Quality—The pipe or fittings shall not flake Fitting Wall Thickness—A 6 10% variation resulting from core shift is allow-
able. However, the average of two opposite wall thicknesses shall equal or exceed
or disintegrate when tested in accordance with Test Method the value show in the table.
D2152. In the case of fittings, slight flaking in the gate area is
acceptable.
minimum thickness listed for the equivalent pipe wall in Table
NOTE 1—This test is intended only for use as a quality control test, not 3. For reducing fittings or those with smaller inlets, the
for use as a simulated service test. minimum wall thickness of each inlet shall be no less than the
5.2.4 Impact Resistance—The impact resistance of pipe minimum wall thickness for that size pipe.
shall be determined in accordance with Test Method D2444, 5.2.6 Pipe Stiffness—The pipe stiffness at 5 % deflection
using a 20-lb (10-kg) Tup A and Holder B (flat plate), and shall (F/Dy) shall not be less than the values given in Table 5 when
comply with the requirements given in Table 1 (Note 1). For tested in accordance with Test Method D2412. This require-
perforated pipe, samples are to be cut and tested at random ment does not apply to fittings.
without regard to hole location, except that the point of impact NOTE 2—The 5 % deflection criterion, which was arbitrarily selected
shall not coincide with a perforation. for testing convenience, should not be considered as a limitation with
5.2.5 Dimensions: respect to in-use deflection. The engineer is responsible for establishing
5.2.5.1 Pipe and fittings dimensions (for both standard and the acceptable limit.
perforated pipe) shall comply with Table 2, Table 3, or Table 4, Note 3—The strength and load-carrying capabilities of plastic drain and
as applicable, when measured in accordance with Test Method sewer pipe are measured and reported as Pipe Stiffness which is
determined in accordance with Test Method D2412. The term “crush
D2122. strength” is not applicable to plastic piping because (a) the values obtained
5.2.5.2 Pipe shall be supplied in 10 ft 6 1⁄4-in. laying can be significantly different, depending on the bedding, loading, or
lengths unless otherwise specified. testing technique used; and (b) the term derives from rigid pipe and refers
5.2.5.3 For belled pipe and fittings fabricated from pipe to its ultimate strength at rupture.
sections, the thickness of the belled section shall be considered 5.2.7 Solvent Cement—The cement shall comply with
satisfactory if the bell was formed from pipe meeting the Specification D2564.
requirements of Table 3. 5.2.8 Perforations—Unless otherwise specified, the perfo-
5.2.5.4 For molded fittings, the wall thickness of the water- rated pipe shall have two rows of holes 13 mm (1⁄2 in.) in
way and socket or bell shall be no less than the respective diameter on 125-mm (5-in.) centers, with allowable tolerances
of 61 mm (1⁄16 in.) on the diameter and +6, −0 mm (+1⁄4 , −0
TABLE 1 Impact Strength Requirements for PVC Sewer and in.) on the spacing, and the rows shall be parallel to the axis of
Drain Pipe at 23°C (73°F)
the pipe and 120 6 5° apart when measured in accordance with
Nominal Drop Height
Pipe
6.6.
Size, in. ft (20-lb Tup A) mm (10-kg Tup A)
6. Test Methods
2 1.75 485
3 2.00 555 6.1 Conditioning:
4 2.25 625 6.1.1 Qualification and Referee Conditioning—Condition
5 3.00 830
6 3.50 970 the specimens prior to test at 23 6 2°C (73.4 6 3.6°F) and 50
6 10 % relative humidity for not less than 40 h in accordance
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 D2729 – 11
TABLE 4 Socket Dimensions and Tolerances for PVC Sewer Pipe Fittings

A B C D
Average Average Minimum Minimum
Nominal
Entrance Bottom Socket Inside
Size, in.
Diameter, Diameter, Depth, Diameter,
mm (in.) mm (in.) mm (in.)A mm (in.)A
2 57.51 6 0.15 57.02 6 0.15 19.05 50.80
(2.264 6 0.006) (2.245 6 0.006) (0.750) (2.000)
3 83.08 6 0.20 82.42 6 0.20 38.10 73.02
(3.271 6 0.008) (3.245 6 0.008) (1.500) (2.875)
4 107.57 6 0.22 106.93 6 0.22 44.45 98.42
(4.235 6 0.009) (4.210 6 0.009) (1.750) (3.875)
5 135.38 6 0.25 134.49 6 0.25 63.50 123.82
(5.330 6 0.010) (5.295 6 0.010) (2.500) (4.875)
6 160.15 6 0.28 159.26 6 0.28 76.20 149.22
(6.305 6 0.011) (6.270 6 0.011) (3.000) (5.875)
A
The negative tolerance on minimum dimensions shall be zero.

TABLE 5 Minimum Pipe Stiffness, F/Dy, at 5 % Deflection until the distance between the plates is 40 % of the outside
Minimum Pipe Stiffness, kPa (psi) diameter of the pipe. The rate of loading shall be uniform and
Nominal such that the compression is completed within 2 to 5 min. On
Pipe PVC 12454
Size, PVC 12164
removal of the load, examine the specimens for evidence of
in. splitting, cracking, or breaking.
kPa psi 6.5 Joint Tightness—Join two pieces of pipe by means of a
2 407 59 fitting in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations
3 131 19 and with solvent cement as described in 6.8. Allow the joined
4 76 11 unit to stand for at least 24 h at room temperature. Subject the
5 62 9
6 55 8 unit to an internal water pressure of 170 kPa (25 psi) at room
temperature for 24 h. Neither the pipe, fitting, nor joints shall
show any leakage.
6.6 Perforation—For the perforated pipe the hole diameter --```,`,``,,``,,`,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

with Procedure A of Practice D618 for those tests where and the distance between hole centers shall be measured with
conditioning is required. a steel rule with at least 1-mm (1⁄16-in.) graduations. The angle
6.1.2 Quality Control Testing—Condition specimens for a between the two rows of holes shall be measured with an index
minimum of 4 h in air or 1 h in water at 23 6 2°C (73.4 6 head capable of measuring accurately to within 1°.
3.6°F). Test the specimens at 23 6 2°C without regard to
relative humidity. 7. Significance and Use
6.2 Test Conditions—Conduct the tests in the standard 7.1 The pipe and fittings in this specification are designed
laboratory atmosphere of 23 6 2°C and 50 6 10 % relative and have the physical, chemical, and other properties for sewer
humidity, unless otherwise specified. and drainage applications outside the building. The pipe is not
6.3 Materials—Determine the physical and chemical prop- intended for use as public or municipal collector sewers. The
erties of PVC compounds used in the manufacture of pipe and following lists the typical applications for the sewer and drain
fittings meeting this specification in accordance with the test pipe:
methods specified in Specification D1784. 7.1.1 Building sewers and underground drains—standard,
6.4 Flattening—Flatten three specimens of pipe, at least 7.1.2 Storm drainage—standard and perforated,
51-mm (2-in.) long, between parallel plates in a suitable press 7.1.3 House connections to septic tanks—standard,

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 D2729 – 11
7.1.4 Leaching system piping for septic tank effluents— 10. Marking and Labeling
standard and perforated, 10.1 Pipe in compliance with this specification shall be
7.1.5 Footing drains (foundation drains)—standard and clearly marked as follows at intervals of 1.5 m (5 ft) or less:
perforated, 10.1.1 Manufacturer’s name or trademark and code,
7.1.6 Industrial waste disposal—standard and perforated, 10.1.2 Nominal pipe size,
and 10.1.3 The legend “PVC Sewer Pipe” or “PVC Perforated
7.1.7 Land drainage—standard and perforated. Pipe,” and
10.1.4 This designation, “ASTM D2729.”
8. Retest and Rejection 10.2 Fittings in compliance with this specification shall be
8.1 If the results of any test(s) do not meet the requirements clearly marked as follows:
of this specification, the test(s) shall be conducted again only 10.2.1 Manufacturer’s name or trademark,
by agreement between the purchaser and seller. Under such 10.2.2 Nominal size, and
agreement, minimum requirements shall not be lowered, 10.2.3 This designation, “ASTM D2729.”
changed, or modified, nor shall specification limits be changed.
NOTE 3—D2729 pipe should be installed in accordance with Practice
If upon retest, failure occurs, the quantity of product repre- D2321. Perforated pipe should be installed using Class I material in order
sented by the test(s) does not meet the requirements of this to provide ground water drainage and good side support.
specification.
11. Quality Assurance
9. Certification 11.1 When the product is marked with this designation,
9.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, a D2729, the manufacturer affirms that the product was manu-
manufacturer’s certification shall be furnished to the purchaser factured, inspected, sampled, and tested in accordance with this
that the material was manufactured, sampled, tested, and specification and has been found to meet the requirements of
inspected in accordance with this specification, and has been this specification.
found to meet the requirements. When specified in the pur-
chase order or contract, a report of the test results shall be 12. Keywords
furnished. Each certification so furnished shall be signed by an 12.1 drain pipe; fittings; perforated pipe; pipe; poly(vinyl
authorized agent of the manufacturer. chloride); PVC

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

GOVERNMENT/MILITARY PROCUREMENT

These requirements apply only to federal/military procurement, not domestic sales or transfers.

S1. Responsibility for Inspection—Unless otherwise speci- S2.1 Packaging—Unless otherwise specified in the con-
fied in the contract or purchase order, the producer is respon- tract, the materials shall be packaged in accordance with the
sible for the performance of all inspection and test require- supplier’s standard practice in a manner ensuring arrival at
ments specified herein. The producer may use his own or any destination in satisfactory condition and which will be accept-
other suitable facilities for the performance of the inspection able to the carrier at lowest rates. Containers and packing shall
and test requirements specified herein, unless the purchaser comply with Uniform Freight Classification rules or National
disapproves. The purchaser shall have the right to perform any Motor Freight Classification rules.
of the inspections and tests set forth in this specification where
S2.2 Marking—Marking for shipment shall be in accor-
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such inspections are deemed necessary to ensure that material

dance with Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies and MIL-STD-
conforms to prescribed requirements.
129 for military agencies.
NOTE S1.1—In U.S. federal contracts, the contractor is responsible for
inspection. NOTE S2.1—The inclusion of U.S. Government procurement require-
ments should not be construed as an indication that the U.S. Government
S2. Packaging and Marking for U.S. Government Procure-
uses or endorses the products described in this specification.
ment:

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 D2729 – 11

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee F17 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (D2729–03)
that may impact the use of this standard.

(1) Removed specific references to four-inch perforated pipe (4) Corrected apparent error in 6.1.2: changed + to 6.
(in scope and in tables) so that all diameters may be perforated (5) Clarified length of flattening test specimens as at least 2 in.
under the standard. long (6.4).
(2) Removed redundant references to PVC cell class 12454.
(6) Clarified that joint test specimens shall stand at least 24 h
(3) Changed relative humidity requirements for conditioning
at room temperature prior to testing (6.5)
and testing from 65% to 610% to coincide with Practice
D618.

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