CLS JEEAD-19-20 XI Mat Target-4 Level-2 Chapter-12

Level-II
Chapter 12
Conic Sections-I
Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions (One options is correct)
1. The point of intersection of the lines x – y + 1 = 0 and x + y + 5 = 0 is P. A circle with centre at (1, 0) passes
through P. The tangent to the circle at P meets the x-axis at (k, 0). The value of k is
(1) 2 (2) –3 (3) –2 (4) –4
Sol. Answer (4)
L1 : x – y + 1 = 0
L2 : x + y + 5 = 0
⇒ x = –3, y = –2
⇒ P ≡ (–3, –2)
Equation of circle is (x – 1)2 + y2 = 20
⇒ x2 + y2 – 2x – 19 = 0
Equation of tangent at P is
2x + y + 8 = 0
Put y = 0
⇒ x = –4
Point is (–4, 0)
⇒ k = –4
2. The area of a square circumscribing the circle 3(x2 + y2) – 6x + 8y = 0 is
50 75 25 100
(1) sq. units (2) sq. units (3) sq. units (4) sq. units
9 9 9 9
Sol. Answer (4)
8
S : x2 + y2 – 2x + y =0
3 a
2 2
 4 16 5
⇒ ( x − 1)2 +  y +  = +1=  
 3 9 3
a
Let side of a square = a
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Solutions of Assignment (Level-II) Conic Sections-I 95
Now diameter = a
5 10
∴ a = 2. =
3 3
100
⇒ a2 =
9
3. Let a point P lie on the circle x2 + y2 – 50y + 400 = 0 such that ∠POX is minimum. Then the co-ordinates of P are
(1) (12, 10) (2) (12, 16) (3) (12, 18) (4) (18, 12)
Sol. Answer (2)
Now, S : x2 + y2 – 30y – 400 = 0
⇒ x2 + (y – 15)2 = 625 = (25)2
C(0, 25)
Now, OP = 25 − 15 2 2 15
25 8
P(x, y)
= 625 − 225 = 400 = 25 20
8
Let ∠POX = θ
O M
x 15 x
∴ cos θ = ⇒ =
20 25 20
⇒ x = 12
y 20 y
sin θ = ⇒ =
20 25 20
⇒ y = 16
∴ P ≡ (x, y) ≡ (12, 16)
4. If the circle O : x2 + y2 = 16 intersects another circle C of radius 5 units in such a way that the common
3
chord is of maximum length and has a slope equal to , then the coordinates of the centre of C are
4
 9 − 12   − 9 − 12   9 12   −9 12 
(1)  ,  (2)  ,  (3)  ,  (4)  , 
5 5   5 5  5 5  15 15
Sol. Answer (1)
Length of common chord is maximum and therefore common chord is diameter of small circle.
3
∴ Equation of common chord y = x …(i)
4
Let centre of circle S2 is C (a, b).
−4
Equation of perpendicular line to (i) is y = x centre (a, b) lie as this line.
3
4
∴ b = − a ...(ii)
3
AO = 4
AC = 5
96 Conic Sections-I Solutions of Assignment (Level-II)
∴ OC = 3
A
a2 + b2 = 3
a2 + b2 = 9 ...(iii) O
(0, 0) C(a, b)
Solve equations (ii) and (iii),
9
a=
5
12
b=−
5
 9 −12 
Centre  , 
5 5 
5. The equation of a circle which passes through (2a, 0) and whose radical axis in relation to the circle x2 + y2 = a2
a
is x = , is
2
(1) x2 + y2 – ax = 0 (2) x2 + y2 + 2ax = 0

(3) x2 + y2 – 2ax = 0 (4) x2 + y2 + ax = 0
Sol. Answer (3)
The required circle is s + λL = 0
 a
(x2 + y2 a2) + λ  x −  = 0
 2
This passes through (2a, 0) ⇒ λ = −2a
Hence, the required circle is
 a
(x2 + y2 a2) − 2a  x −  = 0
 2
⇒ x2 + y2 − 2ax = 0
6. Two rods of lengths a and b slide along the axes in such a way that their ends are concyclic. The locus of
the centre of the circle passing through these points is
(1) 4(x2 + y2) = a2 + b2 (2) x2 – y2 = a2 – b2 (3) 4(x2 – y2) = a2 – b2 (4) x2 + y2 = a2 + b2
Sol. Answer (3)
Let A1A2 and B1B2 be two rods of lengths a and b which slide along OX and OY respectively.
Let x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 be the circle passing through A1, A2, B1, B2. Then
A1 A2 = Intercept of x-axis = 2 g 2 − c y
⇒ a = 2 g2 − c …(i) B2
B1 B2 = Intercept of y-axis b (h,k)

C
2 f2 −c B1 a
O A A2 x
⇒ b = 2 f2 −c …(ii) 1
Squaring (i) and (ii), we get
a2 = 4(g2 c)
b2 = 4(f2 c)
Subtracting a2 − b2 = 4(g2 − f2)
Hence, locus of centre is a2 − b2 = 4(x2 − y2).
7. The equation of the locus of the mid-points of chords of the circle 4x2 + 4y2 – 12x + 4y + 1 = 0 that subtend an
2π
angle of at its centre, is
3
(1) 16x2 + 16y2 – 48x + 16y + 31 = 0 (2) 16x2 + 16y2 + 48x + 48y + 31 = 0
(3) 16x2 – 16y2 + 48x + 48y + 31 = 0 (4) 16x2 + 16y2 – 48x – 16y – 31 = 0
Sol. Answer (1)
9 1 1 3
r = + − =
4 4 4 2 3 1
C 2, – 2
π r
CM = r cos = r π
3 2
3
3 
2
1 3
2 A B
 M
h −  + k +  =
 2   2  4 (h, k)
Locus of M(h, k)
16 x 2 + 16 y 2 − 48 x + 16 y + 31 = 0
m 2
8. The area of an equilateral triangle inscribed in the circle x2 + y2 + 2ax + 2by + c = 0 is (a + b2 – c),
n
1
then the value of m + n is
3
(1) 5 (2) 7 (3) 6 (4) 8
Sol. Answer (2)
BM BM
∴ sin 60º = =
OB a + b2 − c
2
A
3 BM 60º
⇒ =
2 2
a +b −c 2
(–a , –b)
3 60º
⇒ BM = × a2 + b2 − c B C
2 M
⇒ BC = 2BM = 3 × a 2 + b2 − c
3
∴ Area of ΔABC = × (BC )2
4
3
= × 3(a2 + b2 − c )
4
3 3
= × (a 2 + b 2 − c )
4
m 2 3 3
⇒ (a + b 2 − c ) = × (a 2 + b 2 − c )
n 4
m 3 3
⇒ =
n 4
1 1
∴ m+n = ×3 3 + 4 = 3 + 4 = 7
3 3
9. The equation of the diameter of the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 which corresponds to the chord
ax + by + d = 0 is λx – ay + μg + k = 0, then λ + μ is
(1) 2a (2) 2b (3) 2c (4) 2d
Sol. Answer (2)
C
∴ AB : ax + by + d = 0
Diameter = CD : bx – ay + m = 0
Which is passes through (–g, –f) (– g, – f )
∴ –bg + af + m = 0
⇒ m = bg – af
A B
Equation of diameter is
D
bx – ay + bg – af = 0
⇒ λx – ay + μg + k = 0
∴ λ + μ = b + b = 2b
10. A line meets the co-ordinate axes at A(a, 0) and B(0, b). A circle is circumscribed about the triangle OAB. If the
distance of the points A and B from the tangent at origin to the circle are 3 and 4 respectively, then the value of
a2 + b2 + 1 is
(1) 20 (2) 30 (3) 40 (4) 50
Sol. Answer (4)
π y
∴ ∠AOB =
2
⇒ AB is the diameter
B(0, b)
Equation of circle is (x – a) (x – 0) + (y – 0) (y – b) = 0
M 4
⇒ x2 + y2 – ax – by = 0
Tangent at O, x
O A(a , 0)
a b
x − O + y .O − ( x + O) − ( y + O) = 0 3
2 2
⇒ ax + by = 0 L
a.a + 0
∴ AL = =3
a2 + b2
⇒ 3 a2 + b2 = a2
a2
⇒ 3=
a2 + b2
b2
Similarly, 4 =
a2 + b2
a2 + b2
⇒ 3+4 = = a2 + b2
2 2
a +b
⇒ a2 + b2 = 72 = 49
⇒ a2 + b2 + 1 = 50
11. A circle of constant radius r passes through the origin O, and cuts the axes at A and B. The locus of the
foot of the perpendicular from O to AB is (x2 + y2)k = 4r2x2y2. Then the value of k is
(1) 2 (2) 1 (3) 3 (4) 4
Sol. Answer (3)
Let A ≡ (a, 0) and B ≡ (0, b) respectively (0, b)
B
a b
x y C (2 , 2
(
∴ AB = + =1 …(1)
a b M
Since AB is a diameter of a circle, center of a circle lie on AB O A(a , 0)
a b
∴ C ≡ , 
2 2
a2 b2 a2 + b2
Radius = + =
4 4 2
⇒ a2 + b2 = 4r2 …(*)
Now, OM ⊥ AB
⇒ OM = ax – by = 0 …(2)
Now solving (1) and (2), we get
x2 + y 2 y 2 + x2
a= ,b=
x y
Put the values of a and b in (*), we get
( x 2 + y 2 )2 ( x 2 + y 2 )2
+ = 4r 2
x2 y2
 1 1 
⇒ ( x 2 + y 2 )2  2 + 2  = 4r 2
x y 
⇒ (x2 + y2)3 = 4r2x2y2

⇒ k = 3
12. Four circles are inscribed in a square of side 10 cm in such a way that the minimum radius is 2.5 cm. The radius
of the smallest circle which touches all those four circles externally is
5 3 5 5
(1) ( 3 − 1) (2) ( 2 − 1) (3) ( 2 − 1) (4) ( 5 − 1)
2 2 2 2
Sol. Answer (3)

Centre of the smallest circle = (5, 5)
5
Here, QT = = 2.5
2
5
PT =
2
50 25 5 5
∴ PQ = = = = × 2
4 2 2 2
13. Four distinct points (a, 0), (0, b), (c, 0) and (0, d) are lie on a plane in such a way that ac = bd, then they will
(1) Form a trapezium (2) Form a triangle
(3) Lie on a circle (4) Form a quadrilateral, whose area is zero
Sol. Answer (3)
As we know that, a1x + b1y + c1 = 0
and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 cuts the axes in four cyclic points, then a1a2 = b1b2
x y
Here, L1 : + =1
a b
x y
L2 : + =1
c d
1 1 1 1
⇒ × = ×
a c b d
⇒ ac = bd
Four distinct points are lie on a circle.
14. A circle of radius 2 units touches the co-ordinate axes in first quadrant. If the circle moves one complete roll on
π
x-axis along the positive direction of x-axis and then centre is rotated about the origin at angle in anti-
3
clockwise direction. Then the co-ordinates of the centre in the new position is
(1) (2π + 1 − 3, 1 + (1 + 2π) 3) (2) (2π − 1 − 3, (1 + 2π ) 3)
(3) ((1 + 2π ) 3, (1 + 2π ) 3) (4) ((1 − 2π ) 3, (1 − 2π ) 3)
Sol. Answer (1)

Centre of a circle is (2, 2).
Circumference of the circle = 2πr
= 2π × 2
= 4π
Centre of the circle in the new position is (2 + 4π, 2)
Let z1 = (2 + 4π, 2)
P ≡ (z)
Applying rotation, we have y
z−0 i
π P
=e 3
z1 − 0
 π π π/3
⇒ z = z1 ×  cos + i sin  2 C2 (2 + 4 π, 2)
 3 3 C1
2 2
1
= ((2 + 4π) + 2i ) (1 + i 3 ) O
x
2
= ( (1 + 2π) + i ) (1 + i 3)
(
= (1 + 2π) + i + i (1 + 2π) 3 − 3 )
= ( (1 − 3 + 2π) + i (1 + (1 + 2π) 3 )
= ( 2π + 1 − 3, 1 + (1 + 2π) 3 )
15. If the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 8y + 16 = 0 rolls up the tangent to it at (2 + 3, 3) by 2 units (assumes

x-axis as horizontal), then the centre of the circle in the new position is
(1) (3, 4) (2) (3 3, 4 + 3) (3) (3, 4 + 3) (4) (3 + 3, 4 + 3)

Sol. Answer (3)
S : x2 + y2 – 4x – 8y + 16 = 0
⇒ (x – 2)2 + (y – 4)2 = 22
∴ P ≡ (2 + 3, 3)
C2(?)
Equation of tangent to the circle at P is 2
(2 + 3)x + 3y − 2 ( x + 2 + 3) − 4( y + 3) + 16 = 0 Q
C1
(2, 4)
⇒ 2
3x − y − 2 3 = 0
Q(2 + 3,3)
∴ 8
m= 3
⇒ θ = 60º
∴ B ≡ (2 + 2 cos 60º, 4 + 2 sin 60º )
= (2 + 1, 4 + 3)
= (3, 4 + 3)
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions (More than one options are correct)
1. If α is the angle subtended at P(x1, y1) by the circle S ≡ x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0, then
S1 α S1
(1) cot α = (2) cot =
g2 + f 2 − c 2 g2 + f 2 − c
 2 2 
2 g2 + f 2 − c α  g +f −c 
(3) tan α = (4) tan = 
S1 2  S1 
 
Sol. Answer (2, 4)
AP = S1 A
r
r = g2 + f 2 − c P α/2
C
α AP S1
cot = =
2 r g 2 + f 2 −c
B
2 2
α g +f −c
tan =
2 S1
2. A square is inscribed in the circle x2 + y2 – 2x + 4y – 93 = 0 with its sides parallel to the axes of coordinates.
The coordinates of the vertices are
(1) (–6, –9) (2) (–6, 5) (3) (8, –9) (4) (8, 5)
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)
Centre P(1, –2) y=5 D C

y = –2 P (1, –2) 7
r = 1 + 4 + 93 = 7 ⋅ 2
7
7
Side of square = r 2 = 14
y = –9 A 7 M B
A(–6, –9) x=8
x = –6
B(8, –9) x=1
C(8, 5)
D(–6, 5)
3. The equation of the tangent to the circle x2 + y2 + 4x – 4y + 4 = 0 which makes equal intercepts on the
coordinate axes is given by
(1) x − y = 2 2 (2) x + y = 2 2 (3) x − y + 2 2 = 0 (4) x + y + 2 2 = 0
Sol. Answer (2, 4)
Equation of a line x + y = a …(i)
Distance of line O from centre = radius
Centre (–2, 2),
radius = 4+4−4 = 2
−2 + 2 + a
= (2)
2
a =2 2
Equation of tangent x + y = ±2 2
 1 1 8 8
4. If a chord of the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 2y – k = 0 is trisected at the points  ,  and  ,  , then
3 3 3 3
(1) Length of the chord = 7 2 (2) k = 20

(3) Radius of the circle = 5 (4) k = 25
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3)
 1 1 8 8
A  , , B  , 
 3 3  3 3
2 2
7 7 7 C
AB =   +   = ⋅ 2
3
   3 3 r
P M
Length of chord = 3 · AB = 7 ⋅ 2
1 1
x− y−
3 = 3
Equation of chord 8 1 8 1
− −
3 3 3 3
x–y=0
Distance of chord from centre (2, 1)
2 −1 1
CM = =
2 2
Radius of circle r = 5+k
r 2 = PM 2 + CM 2
2
 7  1
5+k =  + 2 = 25
 2
k = 20
Radius of circle, r = 5 + 20 = 5
5
5. An equation of a circle through the origin, making an intercept of 10 on the line y = 2x + , which
2
subtends an angle of 45° at the origin is
(1) x2 + y2 – 4x – 2y = 0 (2) x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y = 0
(3) x2 + y2 + 4x + 2y = 0 (4) x2 + y2 + 2x + 8y = 0
Sol. Answer (2, 4)
Chord subtend 90° angle at the centre of the circle.
∴ AB 2 = r 2 + r 2 − 2r ⋅ r cos 90°
10 = 2r2 C
r= 5 r π r
4
Let centre of circle be (a, b) A M B
∴ r = a2 + b2 = 5
a2 + b2 = 5 …(i)
r
CM = r · cos45° =
2
5
2a − b +
2 = 5
5 2
5 5
2a − b + =  2a = b …(ii)
2 2
Solve Equation (i) and (ii), a = 1 and b = 2
∴ Equation of circle x 2 + y 2 − 2 x − 4 y = 0
6. The equation of common tangent to the circles x2 + y2 – 2x – 6y + 9 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 6x – 2y + 1 =0 is

(1) x = 0 (2) y – 4 = 0 (3) 3x + 4y = 10 (4) 4x – 3y = 0
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)
C1(1, 3), r1 = 1
If distance of line from centre = radius.
∴ Line is a tangent of the circle.
∴ All lines are the tangents of the circles.
7. If the circles x2 + y2 – 2ax – 2by – c2 = 0 and x2 + y2 = K2 touch each other, then
(1) K = a 2 + b 2 – a2 + b2 + c 2 (2) K = a 2 + b 2 + c 2 – a2 + b2
(3) K = a 2 + b 2 + c 2 – b2 + c 2 (4) K = a 2 + b 2 + c 2 – a2 + c 2
Sol. Answer (1, 2)
C1C2 = r1 + r2 , C1 (a, b )
r1 = a 2 + b 2 + c 2
C2 (0, 0)
r2 = k
a2 + b2 = a2 + b2 + c 2 + k
k = a2 + b2 − a2 + b2 + c 2
or C1C2 = r1 − r2
a2 + b2 = a2 + b2 + c 2 − k
k = a2 + b2 + c 2 − a2 + b2
8. C1 : x2 + y2 = 25, C2 : x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y – 7 = 0 be two circles intersecting at A and B then

(1) Equation of common chord is x + 2y – 9 = 0
(2) Equation of common chord is x + 2y + 7 = 0
 25 50 
(3) Point of intersection of tangents at A and B to C1 is  , 
 9 9 
(4) C1, C2 have four common tangents
Sol. Answer (1, 3)
Equation of common chord
C1 − C2 = 0  2 x + 4 y − 18 = 0
x + 2y − 9 = 0 …(i)
Let intersection point of tangents be P(h, k).
∴ Equation of chord of contact T = 0
xh + yk = 25 …(ii)
Line (i) and (ii) are coincident lines
h k +25 25 50
= = , h= , k=
1 2 9 9 9
 25 50 
P ,
 9 9 
9. The positive integral value of λ, for which line 4x + 3y – 16λ = 0 lies between the circles x2 + y2 – 4x – 4y + 4 = 0
and x2 + y2 – 20x – 2y + 100 = 0, and does not intersect either of the circles, may be
(1) 27 (2) 30 (3) 33 (4) 36
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)
x2 + y2 – 4x – 4y + 4 = 0 …(1)
x2 + y2 – 20x –2y + 100 = 0 ...(2)
∵ λ is positive
∴ Line intersects x and y axes on positive side i.e. intercepts lies in 1st quadrant.
Clearly from figure it will be between the tangents at A and B to the two circles.
Tangent parallel to 4x + 3y – λ = 0 for circle (1) is
8+6−λ P
=2
5 A
(2, 2) (10, 1)
⇒ 14 – = ± 10 C1 B C2
⇒ λ = 24, 4 Q
Tangent at A is 4x + 3y – 24 = 0 …(3)
Tangent at B,
40 + 3 − λ
=1
5
⇒ 43 – = ± 5
⇒ λ = 48, 38
∴ Tangent at B is 4x + 3y – 38 = 0
∴ 24 < λ < 38
10. If the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 cuts each of the circles x2 + y2 – 4 = 0, x2 + y2 – 6x – 8y + 10 = 0

and x2 + y2 + 2x – 4y – 2 = 0 at the extremities of a diameters, then
(1) c = – 4 (2) g + f = c – 1 (3) g2 + f2 – c = 17 (4) gf = 6
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)
If circle S cuts S1 at the extremities of diameter
∴ Centre of S1 lie on common chord of the circles
Equation of common chord of S and S1
S – S1 = 0
2gx + 2fy + c + 4 = 0 centre of S1 (0, 0) lie on this chord
∴ c = –4 …(i)
S – S2 = 0
(2g + 6) x + (2f + 8) y + c − 10 = 0
Centre of S2 (3, 4) lie on this chord
∴ 3g + 4f + 18 = 0 …(ii)
(2g − 2) x + (2f + 4) y + c + 2 = 0
Centre (–1, 2) lie on this chord
g − 2f − 4 = 0 …(iii)
Solve Equation (ii) and (iii),
g = –2
f = –3
∴ All answers are correct.
11. If (a cosθ1, a sinθ1), (a cosθ2, a sinθ2), (a cosθ3, a sinθ3) represents the vertices of an equilateral triangle
inscribed in x2 + y2 = a2, then
(1) ∑ cosθi = 0 (2) ∑ sinθi = 0
(3) ∑ tanθi = 0 (4) ∑ cotθi = 0
Sol. Answer (1, 2)
In equilateral Δ centroid and circumcentre are same.
 Σa cos θi Σa sin θi 
∴  ,  = (0, 0)
 3 3 
Σ cos θi = 0, Σ sin θi = 0
12. The locus of the centre of the circle which moves such that it touches the circle (x + 1)2 + y2 = 1 externally
and also the y-axis is
(1) y2 = 4x, x ≥ 0 (2) y2 = –4x, x ≤ 0
(3) y = 0, x > 0 (4) y = 0, ∀ x ∈ R
Sol. Answer (2, 3)
Let the centre of moving circle be (h, k).
∵ Circle touch externally
⇒ (h + 1)2 + k2 = (1 + |h|)2
⇒ h2 + 2h + 1 + k2 = 1 + h2 + 2|h|
(–1, 0)
⇒ k 2 = 2(|h| – h)
 −4 h ; h ≤ 0
= 
 0 ; h>0
∴ Locus of (h, k) is y2 = –4x, x ≤ 0 and y = 0 if x > 0 or we can write as locus of (h, k) is the set S
where S = {(x, y); y2 = –4x, x ≤ 0} ∪ {(x, 0); x > 0}
13. If a point (a, 2 a ) lies in region bounded between the circles x 2 + y 2 + 4x + 4y + 7 = 0 and
x2 + y2 + 4x + 4y –1 = 0, then the number of integral values of a exceeds
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3
Sol. Answer (1, 2)
Given circles are (x + 2)2 + (y + 2)2 = 1 and (x + 2)2 + (y + 2)2 = 9
P(1, 2) (–1, 2)
Q
(–1,– 2) (–3, –3 2)
Assumed circles given circles
Our objective is to find number of points (a, 2 a) (numbers only not the co-ordinates of point), therefore lets
find points (a, 2 a) for x2 + y2 = 1 and x2 + y2 = 9 (concentric and with radii 1 and 3)
1 < a2 + 2a2 < 9
1
⇒ < a2 < 3
3
 1   1 
⇒ a ∈  − 3, −  ∪  , 3
 3   3 
Integral values of a are –1 and +1
∴ Two integral values of a exist.
14. Tangents and normal are drawn from a point (3, 1) to circle C whose equation is x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y + 1 = 0. Let the
points of contact of tangents be Ti (xi, yi), where i = 1, 2 and feet of normals be N1 and N2 (N1 is near P). Tangents
are drawn at N1 and N2 and normals are drawn at T1 and T2
(1) x1 + x2 + y1 + y2 = 5
9
(2) x1x2 y1y 2 = −
16
(3) Normal at T1 and tangents at T2 and N2 are concurrent
(4) Circle is incircle of the triangle formed by tangents from P and tangent at N2
Sol. Answer (1, 3, 4) y
Chord of contact of tangents drawn from (3, 1) to the circle
G1
x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y + 1 = 0 is 3x + y – (x + 3) – (y + 1) + 1 = 0
⇒ 2x = 3 T1
3 P(3, 1)
⇒ x= equation of T1T2 C
2 N1
N2
Points of contact T1, T2 are T2
x
9
+ y 2 − 3 − 2y + 1 = 0
4 G2
1
y 2 − 2y + = 0
4
2 ± 4 −1 3
y= = 1±
2 2
3 3 
∴ T1 :  , + 1 = ( x1, y1 )
2 2 
 
3 3
T2 :  , 1 −  = ( x2 , y 2 )
2 2 

3 3 3 3
Option (1) : x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 = + + 1+ + 1− = 5 (given options is correct)
2 2 2 2
9  3 9
Option (2) : x1x2 y1y 2 =  1−  = (gives options is wrong)
4  4 16
Option (3) : Equation of tangent at N2 : x = 0 … (i)
 3 
 1− − 1
Equation of tangent at T2 : y − 1 =  2  ( x − 3)
 3 −3 
 2 
 
1
⇒ y −1= ( x − 3) … (ii)
3
3
1+ −1
Equation of normal at T1 : y − 1 = 2 ( x − 1)
3
−1
2
⇒ y − 1 = 3 ( x − 1) … (iii)
Clearly (i), (ii) and (iii) are concurrent at (0, 1 − 3) (Option (3) is correct)
Option (4) : True clear from figure.
π
[Option (3) and (4) are true only if ΔPG1G2 is equilateral Δ ⇒ ∠ between tangents from P is ]
3
Alter : Shift the centre of circle at (0, 0) and solve. Later change to given system. (For option (1) & (2) &
(3) and (4) are verified by statement given above)
15. Let C1 and C2 be two concentric circles such that the radius of C2 is double that of radius of C1. Tangents PQ and
PR are drawn from a point on C2 to C1.
(1) Centroid of ΔPQR lies on C1
(2) Orthocentre of ΔPQR lies on C1
9 3
(3) If radius of C1 is 3 then area of ΔPQR is sq. units
4
27
(4) If radius of C1 is 3 then area of ΔPQR is 4 sq. units

OR = OQ = r (say)
OP = 2r
From ΔOPR, P
2 2
PR = 4r − r = 3 r
OR r 1 S θ
Let ∠OPR = Q ⇒ tan θ = = =
PR 3r 3 Q R
M
π
⇒ θ=
6
O
π
∴ ∠ QPR =
3
Also PQ = PR ⇒ ΔPQR is equilateral
1 1 3
MR = QR = PR = r
2 2 2
3 2 r
∴ OM = r 2 − r =
4 2
r
⇒ SM = , PS = r
2
S divides PM in the ratio 2 : 1
⇒ Centroid of ΔPQR
Also, since it is equilateral Δ
∴ Orthocenter is also same.
3 2 3 3 3 2
Area of ΔPQR = a = ( 3r )2 = r
4 4 4
9 3
If r = 3 ⇒ Area = sq. units.
4
16. Chords are drawn to the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y – 8 = 0 from the point (–1, –1). If circle cuts off equal intercept on
these chords and the line 3x + 4y + 3 = 0, then the equation of chord(s) may be
(1) x + 1 = 0 (2) x + y + 2 = 0 (3) y + 1 = 0 (4) 2x + y + 3 = 0
Sol. Answer (1, 3)
Let the line be
y + 1 = m(x + 1)
∵ Circle cuts equal intercept on this line and the line 3x + 4y + 3 = 0

⇒ Length of perpendicular from centre (1, 1) to these lines and equal (from figure)
2m − 2 3+4+3
⇒ =
1+ m 2
9 + 16
⇒ 2 ( m − 1) = 2 1 + m 2
⇒ m2 + 1 – 2m = 1 + m2
⇒ m = 0, also one line is vertical (∵ m2 is cancelled)
Chords are x + 1 = 0 and y + 1 = 0
17. Let a circle cuts orthogonally each of the three circles x2 + y2 + 3x + 4y + 11 = 0, x2 + y2 – 3x + 7y – 1 = 0 and
x2 + y2 + 2x = 0
(1) The centre of the circle is (–3, –2)
(2) Radius of the circle is 3
(3) Equation of chord of contact of tangents drawn from (2, 4) is 5x + 6y – 18 = 0
(4) Length of tangent from (2, 4) to the circle is 13
Sol. Answer (1, 2)

(1) R.A. of (1) and (3) is
x + 4y + 11 = 0
R.A of (2) and (3) is
5x – 7y + 1 = 0
Solving these two equations we get radical centre, which is the cube of required circle.
x y 1
= =
4 + 77 55 − 1 −7 − 20
x = –3, y = –2
∴ Centre is (–3, –2)
(2) Radius of the circle = length of tangent from (–3, –2) to any of the three circles
9+4−4 = 3
(3) ∴ Equation the circle is
(x + 3)2 + (y + 2)2 = 9
x2 + y2 + 6x + 4y + 4 = 0
Chord of contact of tangents drawn from (2, 4) is
2x + 4y + 3 (x + 2) + 2 (y + 4) + 4 = 0
5x + 6y + 18 = 0
(4) Length of tangent = 4 + 16 + 12 + 16 + 4 = 2 13
18. The equation of a circle touching x-axis at (–4, 0) and cutting off an intercept of 6 units on y-axis can be
(1) x2 + y2 + 8x + 12y + 16 = 0 (2) x2 + y2 + 8x – 12y + 16 = 0
(3) x2 + y2 + 8x + 10y + 16 = 0 (4) x2 + y2 + 8x – 10y + 16 = 0
Sol. Answer (3, 4)
Let the circle be x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
2 g2 − c = 0 ⇒ g2 = c …(1)
2 f2 −c = 6 ⇒ f2 – c = 9 …(2)
Passes through (–4, 0)
⇒ 16 + 0 – 8g + 0 + c = 0
Putting c = g2 from (1)
⇒ 16 – 8g + g2 = 0
⇒ (g – 4)2 = 0
g=4
⇒ c = 16
∴ f2 = 9 + 16 = 25
⇒ f=±5
∴ Equations of circles are x2 + y2 + 8x ± 10y + 16 = 0.
19. Let one of the vertices of the square circumseribing the circle x2 + y2 – 6x – 4y + 11 = 0 be (4, 2 + 3) . The other
vertices of the square may be
(1) (3 − 3, 3) (2) (2, 2 − 3) (3) (3 + 3, + 1) (4) (0, 0)

π
i z2 z1 (4, 2 + 3)
z2 (3 + 2i ) = [4 + (2 + 3)i − (3 + 2i )]e 2
z2 = (1 + 3i )i + 3 + 2i
(3, 2)
= − 3 + i + 3 + 2i
z3 z4
= (3 − 3) + 3i
z2 = (3 − 3, 3)
z3 + z1
= z0 ⇒ z3 = (6 + 4i ) − (4 + (2 + 3)i )
2
= 2 + (2 − 3)i
⇒ z3 = (2, 2 − 3)
z4 + z2
= z0 ⇒ z4 = (6 + 4i ) − (3 − 3 + 3i )
2
= 3+ 3 +i
∴ z4 = (3 + 3, 1)
20. If x2 + y2 – 2y – 15 + λ (2x + y – 9) = 0 represents family of circles for different values of λ, then the equation of the
circle(s) along these circles having minimum radius is/are
(1) 3x2 + 3y2 – 2x – 7y – 36 = 0 (2) x2 + y2 – 2y – 15 = 0
(3) 5x2 + 5y2 – 32x – 26y + 69 = 0 (4) x2 + y2 – 10x – 7y + 30 = 0
Sol. Answer (3)
The circle will be of minimum radius if chord 2x + y – 9 = 0 is diameter
x2 + y2 + 2λx + y(λ – 2) – (15 + 9λ) = 0
 2−λ
⇒ Centre  −λ,
2 
lies on 2x + y – 9 = 0

2−λ
⇒ −2λ + −9 = 0
2
–5λ – 16 = 0 ∵
16
⇒ λ=−
5
∴ Required circle is
32 26 69
x2 + y 2 − x− y+ =0
5 5 5
5x2 + 5y2 – 32x + 69 = 0
21. The straight line x + my = 1 intersects px2 + 2qxy + ry2 = s at AB. Chord AB subtends a right angle at the origin.
If x + my = 1 is a tangent to a circle x2 + y2 = a2, then a =
s p+r 1
(1) (2) (3) 2 + m 2 (4)
p+r s + m2
2
Sol. Answer (1, 4)

Combined equation of OA and OB is
x2 + 2qxy + ry2 = s(lx + my)2
∵ OA is perpendicular to OB
∴ Coefficient of x2 + co-efficient of y2 = 0
(p – sl2) + (r – sm2) = 0
⇒ p + r = s(l2 + m2) … (1)
lx + my = 1 touches x2 + y2 = a2
1
∴ =a
l + m2
2
1
∴ a=
l + m2
2
Also from (1),
p+r
l 2 + m2 =
s
1 s
∴ a= =
l +m2 2 p+r
22. Let the midpoint of the chord of contact of tangents drawn from A to the circle x2 + y2 = 4 be M(1, –1) and the
points of contact be B and C
Y
B
O
X
A
C
1
(1) The area of ΔABC is 2 sq. units (2) The area of ΔABC is sq. units
2
(3) Co-ordinate of point A is (2, –2) (4) ΔABC is right angled triangle
Equation of chord BC is
x–y=2 …(1)
Let A be (h, k), the equation BC i.e. chord of contact of tangents drawn from (h, k) is
hx + ky = 4 …(2)
From (1) & (2),
h k 4
= =
1 −1 2
⇒ (h, k) = (2, –2)
2+2−2
AM = = 2
2
2
2
BM = OB 2 − OM 2 = 4 − = 2
2
1 1
∴ Area of ΔABC = AM × BC = × 2 × 2 2 = 2 sq. units
2 2
Point (2, –2) lies on director circle x2 + y2 = 8
π
∴ ∠A =
2
SECTION - C
Linked Comprehension Type Questions
Comprehension-I
A circle C1 of radius 2 units rolls on the outerside of the circle C2 : x2 + y2 + 4x = 0, touching it externally.
1. The locus of the centre of C1 is

(1) x2 + y2 + 4y – 12 = 0 (2) x2 + y2 + 4x – 12 = 0
(3) x2 + y2 + 4x + 4y – 4 = 0 (4) x2 + y2 – 4x = 0
Sol. Answer (2)
Let C1 (h, k ), r1 = 2
C2 ( −2, 0), r2 = 4 = 2
C1C2 = r1 + r2
( h + 2)2 + k 2 = 2 + 2
(h + 2)2 + k 2 = 16
Locus of (h, k), x 2 + y 2 + 4 x − 12 = 0
2. Area of a quadrilateral found by a pair of tangents from a point of x2 + y2 + 4x – 12 = 0 to C2 with a pair of radii at
the points of contact of the tangents is (in sq. units)
(1) 2 3 (2) 4 3 (3) 3 (4) 3 3

Sol. Answer (2)
Let P(x, y) be any point on x 2 + y 2 + 4 x − 12 = 0
Length of tangent from P(x, y) to x 2 + y 2 + 4 x = 0

C2
2
PT = x 2 + y 2 + 4 x = 12 = 2 3
1T T
1
Area of Δ PTC2 = ⋅ 2 3 ⋅ 2 = 2 3
2 P
∴ Area of quadrilateral = 2 (2 3) = 4 3 sq. units
3. Square of the length of the intercept made by x2 + y2 + 4x – 12 = 0 on any tangent to C2 is

(1) 12 (2) 24 (3) 16 (4) 48
Sol. Answer (4)
AC2 = 4 M
A B
MC2 = 2 2 2
2
∴ AM = 16 − 4 = 2 3 C2
AB = 4 3
AB 2 = 48
Comprehension-II
C : x2 + y2 – 2x – 2ay – 8 = 0, a is a variable.
1. C represents a family of circles passing through two fixed points whose co-ordinates are
(1) (–2, 0), (4, 0) (2) (2, 0), (4, 0) (3) (–4, 0), (4, 0) (4) (2, 0), (–4, 0)
Sol. Answer (1)
( x 2 + y 2 − 2 x − 8) − 2ay = 0
Represents family of circles which passes through the fixed point.
Point of intersection of x 2 + y 2 − 2 x − 8 = 0 and y = 0.
Solve the equation x 2 − 2 x − 8 = 0  x = 4, − 2 fixed points are (–2, 0) and (4, 0).
2. Equation of a circle C 1 of this family tangents to which at these fixed points intersects on the line
2y + x + 5 = 0 is
(1) x2 + y2 – 2x – 8y – 8 = 0 (2) x2 + y2 – 2x + 6y – 8 = 0
(3) x2 + y2 – 2x + 8y – 8 = 0 (4) x2 + y2 – 2x – 6y – 8 = 0
Sol. Answer (4)
Fixed points are A(–2, 0) and B(4, 0).
Let line AB passes through a fixed point P(h, k).
Equation of AB is y = 0
P(h, k) lie on y = 0
∴ k = 0
Tangents at A and B intersects on polar.
∴ Equation of polar T = 0
x ⋅ h + y ⋅ k − ( x + h) − a ( y + k ) − 8 = 0
Put k = 0
∴ (h − 1) x − ay − (h + 8) = 0 …(i)
Equation of polar
x + 2y + 5 = 0 …(ii)
These lines are coincident lines
h − 1 −a − ( h + 8)
= =
1 2 5
5h − 5 = − h − 8
−a 3
6 h = −3 =−
2 2
1
h=− a=3
2
∴ Equation of C1
x 2 + y 2 − 2x − 6y − 8 = 0
3. If the chord joining the fixed points subtends an angle θ at the centre of the circle C1 then θ equals
(1) 30° (2) 45° (3) 60° (4) 90°
Sol. Answer (4)
A(–2, 0) and B(4, 0)
Centre C1(1, 3)
3−0
Slope of AC1 = =1
1+ 2
3−0 3
Slope of BC1 = = = −1
1 − 4 −3
∴ Fixed points AB subtends 90° at the centre.
Comprehension-III
Let QR be the chord of contact of tangents drawn from P(2, 0) to the circle x2 + y2 = 1. Let S be the orthocentre
of the ΔPQR
1. S lies
(1) Inside the circle (2) On the circle
(3) Outside the circle (4) Cannot be determined with given data
Sol. Answer (2)
Chord of contact of tangents from (2, 0) to x2 + y2 = 1 is 2x + 0 = 1
1
⇒ x= → Equation of QR
2
Q
1 3 1 3 P
Q: , , R : , −
 2 2  2 
2 
   O θ
(2, 0)
3
R
1
Slope of PR = 2 =
3 3
2
π
⇒ θ= (from figure)
6
π
∴ ∠QPR =
3
⇒ ΔPQR is equilateral
∴ Orthocenter = Centroid
 
 1 + 1 +2 3 − 3 +0
2 2 
=  , 2 2

 3 3 
 
= (1, 0)
⇒ Lies on circle
2. The orthocentre of the ΔPQS is
(1) Origin (2) R (3) Inside the ΔPQS (4) Inside the circle
Sol. Answer (2)
1
2
1 3 1 3
Q: , , R : , −
 2 2  2 
2 
  
Q
3 P
2 1
Slope of PR = = O θ
3 3 (2, 0)
2
R
π
6
π
∴ ∠QPR =
3
In a ΔPQR if S is orthocenter then orthocenter of Δ formed by any two vertices of ΔPQR and S is the third
vertex
⇒ Orthocenter of ΔPQS is R
3. The angle subtended by the chord QR at the centre of the circle is

π π π 2π
(1) (2) (3) (4)
6 3 2 3
Sol. Answer (4)
1
2
1 3 1 3 Q
Q: ,  , R : , − 
2 2  2 2 
   P
O θ
3 (2, 0)
1
Slope of PR = 2 = R
3 3
2
π
6
π
∴ ∠QPR =
3
Angle subtended by chord QR is ∠QOR = π – ∠QPR
π 2π
= π− =
3 3
Comprehension-IV
Let the circle x2 + y2 + 2ax + 2by + c = 0 is orthogonal to each of the circles x2 + y2 + 4x + 2y + 1 = 0,
2x2 + 2y2 + 8x + 6y – 3 = 0, x2 + y2 + 6x – 2y – 3 = 0
| abc |
1. The value of is
7
(1) 85 (2) 83 (3) 81 (4) None of these
Sol. Answer (1)
Radical centre of the 3 circle is the centres of the circle
∴ Radical axis of x2 + y2 + 4x + 2y + 1 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 6x – 2y – 3 = 0 is 2x – 4y – 4 = 0
⇒ x – 2y – 2 = 0 …(1)
3
Radical axis of x2 + y2 + 4x + 2y + 1 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 4x + 3y – = 0 is
2
5
⇒ y– =0 …(2)
2
From (1) and (2),
 5
Radical centre is  7, 
 2
25 357
Radius = 49 + + 28 + 5 + 1 =
4 4
2
 5 357
Circle is (x – 7)2 + y −  =
 2  4
x2 + y2 – 14x – 5y – 34 = 0
5
a = – 7, b = − , c = –34
2
5
7 × × 34
| abc | 2
= = 85
7 7
2. The centre of the circle
 5
(1) Is  7,  (2) Lies on x – 2y + 2 = 0
 2
(3) Is (7, 5) (4) Lies on 3x – 2y – 16 = 0
Sol. Answer (1, 4)
⇒ x – 2y – 2 = 0 …(1)
3
2
5
⇒ y– =0 …(2)
2
From (1) and (2),
 5
 2
25 357
Radius = 49 + + 28 + 5 + 1 =
4 4
2
 5 357
Circle is (x – 7)2 +  y −  =
 2 4
x2 + y2 – 14x – 5y – 34 = 0
 5
Center is  7,  it lies on 3x – 2y – 16 = 0
 2
21 – 5 – 16 = 0
3. Line 3x – 4y + 11 = 0 is
(1) A tangent to the circle (2) A chord of the circle
(3) A diameter of the circle (4) Is no contact with the circle
Sol. Answer (3)
⇒ x – 2y – 2 = 0 …(1)
3
2
5
⇒ y– =0 …(2)
2
From (1) and (2),
 5
 2
25 357
Radius = 49 + + 28 + 5 + 1 =
4 4
2
 5 357
Circle is (x – 7)2 + y −  =
 2  4
x2 + y2 – 14x – 5y – 34 = 0
Line 3x – 4y – 11 = 0
21 − 10 − 11
Length of perpendicular from centre to the line = =0
5
∴ Line is a diameter.
Comprehension-V
L1 is a line intersecting x and y-axis at P(a, 0) and Q(0, b). L2 is a line perpendicular to L1 intersecting x and y-axis
at R and S respectively.
1. Locus of the point of intersection of the lines PS and QR is a circle passing through
(1) (0, 0) (2) (a, a) (3) (b, b) (4) (b, a)
Sol. Answer (1)
P(a, 0), Q (0, b)
b a
Slope of PQ = − ∴ Slope of L2 =
a b
a  −bλ 
Equation of L2, y = x+λ ∴ R , 0  and S (0, λ)
b  a 
x y
Equation of PS, + =1
a λ
y x
= 1− …(i)
λ a
x ⋅a y
Equation of QR, + =1
−bλ b
xa y
= −1 …(ii)
bλ b
Eliminate λ
yb (a − x ) b
∴ =
xa ( y − b ) a
y ( y − b ) = x (a − x )
x 2 + y 2 − ax − by = 0
Circle passes through (0, 0) and (a, b).
2. Common chord of the circles on QS and PR as diameters passes through the point (a, b) if
(1) a = 2b (2) 2a = b (3) a = b (4) 2a = –b
Sol. Answer (3)
Q(0, b), S(0, λ)
Equation of circle x ⋅ x + ( y − b )( y − λ ) = 0
x 2 + y 2 − ( b + λ ) y + bλ = 0 …(i)
 bλ 
P (a, 0), R  − , 0 
 a 
 bλ  2
( x − a)  x + +y =0
 a 
 bλ 
x2 + y 2 +  − a  x − bλ = 0 …(ii)
 a 
Equation of common chord S1 − S2 = 0
 bλ 
−(b + λ ) y −  − a  x + 2bλ = 0
 a 
 b 
λ  2b − y − x  + (ax − by ) = 0
 a 
Common chord passes through (a, b).
λ (2b − b − b ) + (a 2 − b 2 ) = 0
a2 = b2
a=b
3. If the area of ΔORS in 4 times the area of ΔOPQ then equation of PS is, where O is the origin
(1) x + 2y = 2b (2) 2x + y = 2a (3) x – 2y = –2b (4) 2x – y + 2a = 0
Sol. Answer (2)
ΔORS = 4 ΔOPQ
1  bλ  1
λ = 4⋅ a⋅b
2  a  2
λ 2 = 4a2  λ = 2a
P (a, 0), S (0, λ )
P (a, 0), S (0, 2a )
x y
Equation of PS, + =1
a 2a
2 x + y = 2a
SECTION - D
Matrix-Match Type Questions
1. If S ≡ x2 + y2 + x – y – 2 = 0, then
Column-I Column-II
(A) (–2, 1) lies (p) On S
(B) (2, –1) lies (q) Outside S
(C) (0, 1) lies (r) On the tangent at (1, 0) to S
(D) (2, 3) lies (s) Inside the circle S
Sol. Answer : A(p), B(q), C(s), D(q, r)
(A) (–2, 1), S1 = 0 lie on the circle
(B) (2, –1), S1 = 6 lie outside the circle
(C) (0, 1), S1 = –2 lie inside the circle
(D) Equation of tangent at (1, 0)
3x − y − 3 = 0
(2, 3) lie on this tangent.
2. x2 + y2 – 14x – 10y + 24 = 0, makes an

Column-I Column-II
(A) Intercept on x-axis of length (p) 0
(B) Intercept on y-axis of length (q) 2
(C) Intercept on y = x of length (r) 8 3

(D) Intercept on 7x + y – 4 = 0 of length (s) 10
Sol. Answer : A(s), B(q), C(r), D(p)
C (7, 5), r = 49 + 25 − 24 = 5 2
(A) Intercept on x-axis = 2 g 2 − C = 2 49 − 24 = 10
(B) Intercept on y-axis = 2 f 2 − C = 2 25 − 24 = 2
(C) Put y = x in the eq. of circle x 2 − 12x + 12 = 0

Let x1, x2 are the roots.
x1 + x2 = 12
x1x2 = 12
Let y = x intersect the circle at A ( x1 y1 ) and B ( x2 y 2 )
AB = ( x2 − x1 )2 + ( y 2 − y1 )2
= ( x2 − x1 )2 + ( x2 − x1 )2
= ( x2 − x1 )2 ⋅ 2
= 2 ⋅ ( x1 + x2 )2 − 4 x1x2
= 2 ⋅ 144 − 48 = 2 96
∵ y = x 
= 2 ⋅4 6 = 8 3  
∴ y 1 − y 1 = x 2 − x1
49 + 5 − 4
(D) CM = = 50 = 5 2 = r
49 + 1
∴ Line 7 x + y − 4 = 0 is a tangent.
∴ Intercept on this line is equal to zero.
3. If S ≡ (x – 2)2 + (y + 1)2 = 1 is a circle, then the equation of a

Column-I Column-II
(A) A Tangent to S (p) 3x + 4y – 2 = 0
(B) A Diameter of S (q) x = 0
(C) A Line perpendicular to a tangent to S (r) y = 0
(D) A Chord of S (s) x – y – 2 = 0
Sol. Answer : A(r), B(p), C(p, q, r, s), D(p, s)
C(2, –1), r = 1
(A) Distance of y = 0 from C(2, –1) is equal to radius.
∴ y = 0 is a tangent.
(B) Centre (2, –1) lie on 3x + 4y –2 = 0.
∴ 3x + 4y – 2 = 0 is a diameter.
(C) y = 0 is a tangent.
∴ Perpendicular line to this tangent is x = 0.
2 + 1− 2 1
(D) Distance of line x – y – 2 = 0 from centre = = < 1 (radius)
2 2
∴ x − y − 2 = 0 is a chord.
4. Match column-I to column-II according to given conditions.

Column-I Column-II
(A) Length of common tangents of x2 + y2 = 1 and (p) 2 6
x2 + y2 – 10x + 21 = 0 is
(B) Length of common tangents of x2 + y2 = 1 and (q) 4
x2 + y2 – 4x + 3 = 0 is
(C) Length of common tangents of x2 + y2 = 1 and (r) 2
x2 + y2 – 2x – 3 = 0 is always less than
(D) Length of common tangents of x2 + y2 = 1 and (s) 0
x2 + y2 – 2x = 0 is always less than
(t) 1
Sol. Answer A(p, q), B(r, s), C(p, q, r, t), D(p, q, r, t)

(A) C1 = (0, 0), C2 = (5, 0), r1 = 1, r2 = 2
C1C2 = 5, r1 + r2 = 3, |r1 – r2| = 1
C1C2 > r1 + r2, Hence there exists four common tangents.
Length of direct common tangents = (C1C2 )2 − ( r1 − r2 )2 = 24 = 2 6
Length of transverse common tangent = (C1C2 )2 − ( r1 + r2 )2 =4
(B) C1 = (0, 0), C2 = (2, 0), r1 = 1, r2 = 1, C1C2 = r1 + r2

Hence circles externally touches
Length of direction common tangent = (C1C2 )2 − ( r1 − r2 )2 = 2
Length of transverse common tangent is 0.

(C) C1 = (0, 0), C2 = (1, 0), r1 = 1, r2 = 2
⇒ C1C2 = |r2 – r1|
Hence circles internally touches. Hence the length of direct tangent is zero.
Transverse common tangent in this case does not exist.
(D) C1 = (0, 0), C2 = (0, 0)
Circles are concentric hence no common tangent exist. Hence length is zero.
5. Match column-I to column-II according to the given conditions.

Column-I Column-II
12 12
(A) The area of triangle formed by the tangents and the chord (p)
13
of contact drawn from (2, 3) to the circle x2 + y2 = 1, is
(B) The minimum distance of (0, 0) from the circle (q) 4
x2 + y2 – 10x + 24 = 0 is
(C) The radius of smallest circle passing through (4, 0) and (0, 4) is (r) 6
(D) The maximum number of normals of a circle passing through (s) 2 2
the centre is always greater than
(t) 1
Sol. Answer A(p), B(q), C(s), D(p, q, r, s, t)
(A) Equation of chord of contact  2x + 3y = 1
12
Length of chord of contact =
13
12
Length of perpendicular from (2, 3) to chord of contact =
13
12 12
Area of triangle =
13
(B) C ≡ (5, 0)
Let P ≡ (0, 0)
CP = 5
Radius r = 1
Minimum distance = 5 – 1 = 4
Maximum distance = 1 + 5 = 6
Hence the distance varies from 4 to 6.
4 2
(C) Radius = = 2 2 , for smallest circle (4, 0) and (0, 4) will be the end of diameter.A(p),
2
B(q, r), C(s), D(p, q, r, s, t)
(D) From centre infinite normals can be drawn.
6. Match the following columns

Column-I Column-II
a2
(A) A circle is inscribed in an equilateral triangle of side a, then (p)
6
the area of any square inscribed in the circle is
(B) The equation of circle x2 + y2 = 4a2 with origin as centre, (q) a
passing through the vertices of an equilateral triangle whose
median is of length
9a 2
(C) If a chord of the circle x 2 + y 2 = makes equal intercept (r) 2a
2
of length k on the co-ordinate axes, then the value of k can
be
1
(D) If the line hx + ky = 1 touches x 2 + y 2 = , then the locus (s) 3a
4a 2
of the point (h, k) is a circle of radius
Sol. Answer A(p), B(s), C(p, q, r, s), D(r)
Δ a
(A) r = =
s 2 3
2a2 a2
∴ Area of square inscribed = =
12 6
(B) In ΔOAP,
O C
x
= sin30º
2a
2a
1 x (Let)
x = 2a × O
2 30º 30º
A P A P B
x=a
Length of medium CO + OP = 2a + a
= 3a
(C) Let the equation of the chord x ± y = ± k and the length of the perpendicular from the centre (0, 0) of
9 a2 3a
the circle x2 + y2 = must be less than the radius of the circle
2 2
| ±k | a
⇒ ≤ a
1+ 1 2
|k | 3
< a
2 2
k < 3a
1
(D) Since hx + ky = 1 touches x2 + y2 =
4a 2
−1 1
So, =
h +k2 2 2a
h2 + k2 = 4a2
So locus of (h, k) is x2 + y2 = 4a2 which is a circle of radius 2a.
SECTION - E
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1. STATEMENT-1 : If two circles x2 + y 2 + 2gx + 2fy = 0 and x2 + y 2 + 2g ′x + 2f ′y = 0 touch each other then
f ′g = fg ′.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Two circles touch each other if distance between their centres is equal to difference of their
radii.
Sol. Answer (1)
C1 (–g, –f), C2 (–g′, –f′)
r1 = g 2 + f 2 , r2 = g ′2 + f ′2
Circles touch each other
C1C2 = r1 + r2
( g − g ′ )2 + ( f − f ′ ) 2 = g 2 + f 2 + g ′ 2 + f ′ 2
Squaring both sides, we get
−2gg ′ − 2ff ′ = 2 g 2 + f 2 ⋅ g ′2 + f ′2
Again squaring both sides, we get
2gg ′ ff ′ = g 2f ′2 + f 2g ′2
( gf ′ − fg ′)2 = 0
gf ′ = fg ′
∴ Statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
2. STATEMENT-1 : The farthest point on the circle x 2 + y 2 – 2x – 4y + 4 = 0 from (0, 0) is (1, 3).
and
STATEMENT-2 : The farthest and nearest points on a circle from a given point are the end points of the diameter
through the point.
Sol. Answer (4)
Centre of circle (1, 2) and r = 1 + 4 − 4 = 1

Farthest point on the circle from origin lie on a line joining O (0, 0) centre C (1, 2), i.e., y = 2x
But (1, 3) does not lie on y = 2x.
Statement-1 is false
3. STATEMENT-1 : Let x2 + y2 = a2 and x2 + y2 – 6x – 8y – 11 = 0 be two circles. If a = 5, then two common

tangents are possible.
and
STATEMENT-2 : If two circles are intersecting then they have two common tangents.
Sol. Answer (1)
C1 (0, 0), r1 = a
C2 (3, 4), r2 = 6
Condition of intersecting circles
r1 ~ r2 < c1c2 < r1 + r2
a−b < 5 < a+6  − 1 < a < 11
∴ If a = 5, two common tangents are possible.
4. STATEMENT-1 : The shortest distance of the point (1, 1) form the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y + 4 = 0 is 3 − 5 .
and
STATEMENT-2 : Shortest distance of a point = distance of the point from the centre – radius of the circle.
Sol. Answer (3)
Since point lies inside the circle.
5. STATEMENT-1 : Number of circle passing through (0, 3), (–1, 2) and (2, 5) is 1.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Through three non-collinear points, an unique circle can be drawn.
Sol. Answer (4)
Given points are collinear.
6. STATEMENT-1 : If n circles (n ≥ 3), no two circles are con-centric and no three centre are collinear and number
of radical centre is equal to number of radical axes, then n = 5.
and
STATEMENT-2 : If no three centres are collinear and no two circles are concentric, then number of radical
centre is nC3 and number of radical axes is nC2.
Sol. Answer (1)
Statement-2 is true.
Now, n C3 = nC2
n=3+2=5
7. STATEMENT-1 : Area of an equilateral triangle inscribed in the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 is

3 3 2
(g + f 2 − c ) .
4
and
3 2
STATEMENT-2 : Area of an equilateral triangle is a.
4
Sol. Answer (2)
Side of triangle = 2R cos 30º = 3 ( g2 + f 2 − c )

8. STATEMENT-1 : If O is the origin and OP and OQ are tangents to the circle x2 + y2 + 2x + 4y + 1 = 0, the
 −1 
circumcentre of the triangle is  , − 1 .
 2 
and
STATEMENT-2 : OP.OQ = PQ2.
Sol. Answer (3)
 1 
Centre of circumcircle is mid point of O and centre of circle x 2 + y 2 + 2x + 4y + 1 = 0 i.e.  − , − 1 .
 2 
9. Let C1 and C2 be two given circles and C be a moving circle which touches both the circles.
STATEMENT-1 : The locus of centre of circle C must be an ellipse.
and
STATEMENT-2 : The locus of a moving point whose sum of distances from two given points is always constant,
is called an ellipse.
Sol. Answer (4)
Let centres of circles C, C1 and C2 are C, C1 and C2 and radius r, r1 and r2 respectively
C1C = r + r1 …(i)
C2C = r + r2 …(ii)
r is variable
(i) − (ii),
C1C − C2C = r1 − r2
Locus of C is a hyperbola.
∴ Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
1
10. STATEMENT-1 : A circle of smallest radius passing through A and B must be of radius AB.
2
and
STATEMENT-2 : A straight line is a shortest distance between two points.
Sol. Answer (2)
A circle of smallest radius passing through A and B.
Diameter = AB
2r = AB
1
r= ⋅ AB
2
∴ Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for statement-1.
SECTION - F
Integer Answer Type Questions
1. If the locus of middle points of chords of the circle x2 + y2 = 4, which subtend a right angle at the point (a, 0)
a2 − p
is x 2 + y 2 − ax + = 0 , then the value of p is
2
Sol. Answer (4)
Let middle point (h, k) ≡ E
As we know that the middle point of hypotenuse in a right

angle triangle is equidistant from all vertices.
y
⇒ AE = BE = DE = (h – a)2 + (k – 0)2
Now in triangle ECD,
EC2 + ED2 = CD2

C A
⇒ (h2 + k2) + (h – a)2 + k2 = 4
x
⇒ h2 + k2 + h2 + a2 – 2ha + k2 = 4
2(h2 + k2) – 2ah + a2 – 4 = 0 B E(h, k) D
2ah a2 − 4
h2 + k 2 − + =0
2 2
a2 − 4
Locus of (h, k) is x 2 + y 2 − ax + =0
2
⇒ p=4
2. Tangents are drawn from the point P (1, 8) to the circle x2 + y2 – 6x – 4y – 11 = 0 touch the circle at the
points A and B. If the radius of circumcircle of triangle PAB is k then the value of [k], where [ ] represents
the greatest integer function.
Sol. Answer (3)
Equation of AB is given by
 x + 1 y +8 A
x.1 + y .8 − 6   − 4  − 11 = 0
 2   2 
x + 8y – 3(x + 1) –2(y + 8) – 11 = 0
P
x + 8y – 3x – 3 – 2y – 16 – 11 = 0 (1,8)
6y – 2x – 30 = 0 B
3y – x – 15 = 0
x – 3y + 15 = 0 ...(i)
Equation of circumcircle of triangle PAB is
x2 + y2 – 6x – 4y – 11 + λ(x – 3y + 15) = 0, λ ∈ R …(ii)
Putting x = 1, y = 8
1 + 64 – 6 – 32 – 11 + λ(1 – 24 + 11) = 0
⇒ 16 – 8λ = 0 ⇒ λ = 2
Putting λ = 2 in (ii),
x2 + y2 – 6x – 4y + 2(x – 3y + 15) – 11 = 0
x2 + y2 – 4x – 10y + 19 = 0
Radius k = 4 + 25 − 19 = 10  k = 10
[ k ] =  10  = 3
3. If the centre of a circle is (3, 4) and its size is just sufficient to contain to circle x2 + y2 = 1, then the radius
of the required circle is
Sol. Answer (6)

B A r
In this case, the figure may be shown as following.
(0, 0) (3, 4)
In this case, the radius of required circle is
x2+y2 = 1
AB + 1 = 5 + 1 = 6
4. Two tangents are drawn from a point P to the given circle each of length l units. These tangents touch the
circle at the points A and B. Two tangents are drawn again from at point Q on the chord of contact AB, each
of length m units. If m and l are connected by the relation ml – 2 = 0, then the minimum distance between
P and Q will be
Sol. Answer (2)
Let the equation of the circle is x2 + y2 = a2 and P is any point whose coordinates are (x1, y1)
Then l = x12 + y12 − a2

⇒ l 2 + a 2 = x12 + y12
Now, equation of chord of contact AB is xx1 + yy1 = a2
A
Let Q(x2, y2) is any point on AB then x1x2 + y1y2 = a2 and m = x22 + y 22 − a2
l
⇒ m2 + a2 = x22 + y22 if d is the distance between P and Q, then P
(x1, y1) B R
d = ( x1 − x2 )2 + ( y1 − y 2 )2
m
d = x12 + y12 + x22 + y 22 − 2( x1x2 + y1y 2 )
Q(x2, y2)
= l 2 + a2 + m2 + a2 − 2a2 [∵ x1x2 + y1y2 = a2]
d = l 2 + m2
l 2 + m2
Now, we know that ≥ (l 2 m 2 )1/2
2
⇒ 2 + m2 ≥ 2m
So, d ≥ 2m
But given that ml – 2 = 0 ⇒ ml = 2
So, minimum distance between P and Q will be 2 units.
5. There are two perpendicular lines, one touches to the circle x2 + y2 = r12 and other touches to the circle
x2 + y2 = r22 if the locus of the point of intersection of these tangents is x2 + y2 = 9, then the value of
r12 + r22 is
Sol. Answer (9)
From figure,
h2 + k2 = r12 + r22 r2 (0, 0)
So locus of (h, k) is x2 + y2 2
= r 1 + r2 2 r1
P
But given locus is x2 + y2 = 9 (h, k)
So, r12 + r22 = 9
6. If the minimum value of (1 + 4 − x 2 )2 + ( x − 5)2 for all x ∈ R is 26 − 2k , then the value of k is

Sol. Answer (1)
Let r = (1 + 4 − x 2 )2 + ( x − 5)2 P (5, 0)

A
Suppose y = 1 + 4 − x 2 , then
(x, y)
(y – 1) = 4 – x2
(0, 1)
⇒ x2 + (y – 1)2 = 4 which is a circle
So, r = y 2 + ( x − 5)2
So, it is clear r is the distance between the points (x, y) and (5, 0) as shown in the figure.
Now, we have to find the minimum value of PA.
From figure, minimum value of PA = 26 − 2
But given value = 26 − 2k
So, k = 1
7. Suppose the equation of circle is x2 + y2 – 8x – 6y + 24 = 0 and let (p, q) is any point on the circle, then
the number of possible integral values of |p + q| is
Sol. Answer (3)
The equation can be written as (x – 4)2 + (y – 3)2 = 1
and the coordinate (p, q) ≡ (4 + cosθ, 3 + sinθ)
So, |p + q| = |7 + sinθ + cosθ| it is clear 7 − 2 ≤ | p + q | ≤ 7 + 2
and hence the integral values of |p + q| = 6, 7, 8
and number of integral values = 3
8. Let the equation of the circle is x2 + y2 = 4. Find the total no. of points on y = |x| from which perpendicular
tangents can be drawn are
Sol. Answer (2)
We know that equation of director circle is x2 + y2 = 8 and the number of points of intersection of y = |x|
and x2 + y2 = 8 are 2.
So, total number of points from which perpendicular tangents are drawn = 2.
9. Let the equation of the circle is x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y + 1 = 0. A line through P(α, –1) is drawn which intersect
the given circle at the point A and B. if PA. PB has the minimum value then the value of α is.
Sol. Answer (1)
We know that
PA ⋅ PB = (PT)2
⇒ PA ⋅ PB = α2 + 1 – 2α + 4 + 1 = (α – 1)2 + 5
PA ⋅ PB will be minimum at α = 1
10. Let the equation of the circle is x2 + y2 = 25 and the equation of the line x + y = 8. If the radius of the circle
(4 2 + 5)
of maximum area and also touches x + y = 8 and x2 + y2 = 25 is , then the value of λ is
λ
Sol. Answer (2)
The possible figure is shown in the figure, it is clear the tangent at P will be x + y + 5 2 = 0
x+y=8
P
4 2 +5
So, radius of the required circle will be =
2
So, the value of λ = 2.
11. If the circles x2 + y2 + 2b1y + 1 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 2b2y + 1 = 0 cuts orthogonally, then the value of b1b2 is
Sol. Answer (1)
We know that if two circle cuts orthogonally, then
2g1g2 + 2f1f2 = c1 + c2
So, 2b1b2 = 1 + 1
b1b2 = 1
12. Let the equation of circle is x2 + y2 = 9 and the equation of the line is x + y = a ∀ a ∈ N and makes the
intercepts AB by the circle x2 + y2 = 9. How many such intercepted portions are possible?
Sol. Answer (4)
a2
Since AB is the intercept so its length will be 2 9 − = 2 18 − a 2 ac
2
Since a ∈ N, so a = 1, 2, 3, 4, the number of such intercepted portions = 4
13. A circle of constant radius 2r passes through the origin and meets the axes in 'P ' and 'Q '. Locus of the
centroid of the ΔPOQ is A(x2 + y2) = Br2, where A, B ∈ N, then |A – B| is equal to
Sol. Answer (7)
Circle passes through origin.
∴ c=0
Radius = g2 + f 2
g 2 + f 2 = 4r 2 …(1)
Let circle intersect x axis at P(a, 0) and y axis at Q(0, b).
a b
∴ −g = and −f =
2 2
From (1),
a2 b2
+ = 4r 2
4 4
a2 + b2 = 16r 2 …(2)
Let centroid of ΔPOQ be C(h, k).
a b
∴ h= , k= ∴ 9h2 + 9k 2 = 16r 2
3 3
∴ Locus of centroid is 9( x 2 + y 2 ) = 16r 2 .
14. The area of the triangle formed by joining the origin to the points of intersection of 5 x + 2y = 3 5 and
x2 + y2 = 10 is
Sol. Answer (5)
Combined equation of pair of lines joining origin and point of intersection of circle and line
2
2 2
 5 x + 2y 
x + y = 10 
 3 5 
 
1 2 1 2 8
x − y + 5 xy = 0
9 9 9
1 1
a+b = − =0
9 9
∴ Δ is right-angled triangle at origin (0, 0).
1 2 1
( )
2
∴ Area = r = 10 =5
2 2
15. If (1 + bx)n = 1 + 8x + 24x 2 + ..... and a line P(b, n) cuts the circle x 2 + y2 = 9 in C and D, then
PC ⋅ PD = (λ2 + 2), then λ is
Sol. Answer (3)
We have,
(1 + bx)n = 1 + 8x + 24x2 + …….
n(n − 1)
⇒ 1 + nbx + × b 2 x 2 + ....... = 1 + 8x + 24x2 + ……..
2
n(n − 1)
⇒ nb = 8, × b 2 = 24
2
n(n − 1)
× b 2 = 24
2
⇒ n2b2 – nb.b = 48
⇒ (nb)2 – (nb)b = 48
⇒ 82 – 8b = 48
⇒ 8b = 64 – 48 = 16
⇒ b=2
∴ Now, nb = 8
⇒ n=4
∴ P ≡ (2, 4)
Now, PC.PD = PT2
= 4 + 16 − 9
= 11
⇒ λ 2 + 2 = 11
⇒ λ2 = 9
λ=±3


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Level-II

(1) x2 + y2 – ax = 0 (2) x2 + y2 + 2ax = 0

B1 B2 = Intercept of y-axis b (h,k)

Put the values of a and b in (*), we get

⇒ (x2 + y2)3 = 4r2x2y2

Sol. Answer (3)

(1) (2π + 1 − 3, 1 + (1 + 2π) 3) (2) (2π − 1 − 3, (1 + 2π ) 3)

(3) ((1 + 2π ) 3, (1 + 2π ) 3) (4) ((1 − 2π ) 3, (1 − 2π ) 3)

Sol. Answer (1)

15. If the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 8y + 16 = 0 rolls up the tangent to it at (2 + 3, 3) by 2 units (assumes

(1) (3, 4) (2) (3 3, 4 + 3) (3) (3, 4 + 3) (4) (3 + 3, 4 + 3)

Sol. Answer (2, 4)

Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)

Centre P(1, –2) y=5 D C

(1) x − y = 2 2 (2) x + y = 2 2 (3) x − y + 2 2 = 0 (4) x + y + 2 2 = 0

Sol. Answer (2, 4)

Equation of a line x + y = a …(i)

Distance of line O from centre = radius

Centre (–2, 2),

(1) Length of the chord = 7 2 (2) k = 20

6. The equation of common tangent to the circles x2 + y2 – 2x – 6y + 9 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 6x – 2y + 1 =0 is

7. If the circles x2 + y2 – 2ax – 2by – c2 = 0 and x2 + y2 = K2 touch each other, then

8. C1 : x2 + y2 = 25, C2 : x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y – 7 = 0 be two circles intersecting at A and B then

Equation of common chord

Let intersection point of tangents be P(h, k).

∴ Equation of chord of contact T = 0

Line (i) and (ii) are coincident lines

Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)

x2 + y2 – 20x –2y + 100 = 0 ...(2)

Tangent parallel to 4x + 3y – λ = 0 for circle (1) is

10. If the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 cuts each of the circles x2 + y2 – 4 = 0, x2 + y2 – 6x – 8y + 10 = 0

(1) c = – 4 (2) g + f = c – 1 (3) g2 + f2 – c = 17 (4) gf = 6

Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)

If circle S cuts S1 at the extremities of diameter

∴ Centre of S1 lie on common chord of the circles

Equation of common chord of S and S1

2gx + 2fy + c + 4 = 0 centre of S1 (0, 0) lie on this chord

Equation of common chord of S and S2

Centre of S2 (3, 4) lie on this chord

Equation of common chord of S and S3

Centre (–1, 2) lie on this chord

Solve Equation (ii) and (iii),

∴ All answers are correct.

(1) ∑ cosθi = 0 (2) ∑ sinθi = 0

(3) ∑ tanθi = 0 (4) ∑ cotθi = 0

Sol. Answer (1, 2)

In equilateral Δ centroid and circumcentre are same.

Assumed circles given circles

Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3)

∵ Circle cuts equal intercept on this line and the line 3x + 4y + 3 = 0

(4) Length of tangent from (2, 4) to the circle is 13

Sol. Answer (1, 2)

(4) Length of tangent = 4 + 16 + 12 + 16 + 4 = 2 13

(1) x2 + y2 + 8x + 12y + 16 = 0 (2) x2 + y2 + 8x – 12y + 16 = 0

(3) x2 + y2 + 8x + 10y + 16 = 0 (4) x2 + y2 + 8x – 10y + 16 = 0

Sol. Answer (3, 4)

Let the circle be x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0

Passes through (–4, 0)

Putting c = g2 from (1)

∴ Equations of circles are x2 + y2 + 8x ± 10y + 16 = 0.