International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD)

Volume 6 Issue 4, May-June 2022 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470

Sarve Rogo API Mandagnou a Conceptual Study

Dr. Nandabasappa M Bijapur

Associate Professor & Head Department of Kriya Shareera,

SVM Ayurvedic Medical College Ilkal, Bagalkot Karnataka, India

ABSTRACT How to cite this paper: Dr.

The creation and destruction of the universe, metabolism and Nandabasappa M Bijapur "Sarve Rogo
catabolism in organism all are regulated through Agni. The presence API Mandagnou a Conceptual Study"
of ‘Agni’ in human system responsible for digestion and metabolism. Published in
Agni digests the Ahara (food) on which the strength of body (Bala), International Journal
of Trend in
VarÆa, Oja, etc depends. Hypofunctioning of Agni leads to
Scientific Research
indigestion and formation of Ama which in the turn is the root cause and Development
of various ailments meanwhile hyperfunctioning leads to several (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-
other digestive as well as generalised metabolic anomalies. Agni is 6470, Volume-6 | IJTSRD50063
the most important aspect of Ayurveda as all the states diseased or Issue-4, June 2022,
health revolves around the status of agni. Agni acompasses all the pp.526-529, URL:
changes include the digestion and absorption of food, cellular www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50063.pdf
transformation, andassimilation of sensory perception, mental and
emotional experiences. Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and
International Journal of Trend in
KEYWORDS: Agni, ama, metabolism Scientific Research and Development
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INTRODUCTION
In Ayurveda, the term “Agni” is used in the sense the nature and functions of the Agni, e.g.,
of digestion of food and metabolism. Agni is one of Vaishvanara, Sarva Paka, Tanoonpata,
the ten factors which are required to be examined
Amivachatana, Damunasa, Shuchi, Vishwambhar,
before initiating the treatment of patients. Agni is
Rudra etc.
responsible for absorbing the nutrients and essential
elements the body needs while burning off waste Nyaya & Vaisesika Darshana divided Agni into
products (Agni is the root of the English word following categories-
“ignite”). If our Agni is strong, we’re able to digest Bhauma or the physical fire,
food efficiently and easily. On the other hand, if Agni
is weak, our body won’t digest the ingested food item Divya or the celestial fire like the lightening, rays of
well, creating toxic residue or Ama that lodges deep sun, moon, and the stars,
in our cells. If digestive fire is not functioning Audarya or the abdominal fire which is responsible
properly, one has poor digestion, languid blood- for the digestion as well as metabolism and,
circulation, poor complexion, low energy levels,
flatulence and poor immunity against diseases. Thus Akaraja which is present in the metals such as gold
according to Ayurvedic principles promoting proper and silver.
functioning of the digestive fire is the main key of It has been shown here that the matter and energy are
treating the root cause of the diseases. separable only upto a certain level beyondwhich they
Agni in various Literature: are interchangeable and inseparable from each other.
In Brahmasutra, Agni has been meant to be a sign of Acharya Charak mentioned that after cessation of the
life in the body. function of Agni, the individual dies, and when the
In Shabdakalpadruma, 61 synonyms of Agni have Agni of an individual is sama, then that person would
been compiled. These synonyms help in explaining be absolutely healthy and would lead a long, happy,

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healthy life. If somehow the Agni of a person is but its work is to provide Heat energy of Agni.
disturbed either vitiated or diminished, the whole (Chakrapani Tika on Cha.Su.-12/11).
metabolism of the body would be disturbed, resulting According to Hemadri, Pitta is of five divisions,
in ill health and diseased state. That’s why, Agni is
which is located in the middle of the pakvashaya and
said to be the base (mool) of life. (Cha.Chi.15/4.). amashaya, although it is composed of panchabhutas,
According to Acharya Sushruta, there is no other because of an increase of (predominance qualities of)
form of Agni in the body except the Pitta, and when tejas bhuta, it is devoid of liquidity (although it is a
this Pitta dosha is vitiated or diminished the digestion liquid). Also, because it does not possess
of the food material is affected the same way as the snigdha(viscidity), sita and such other properties of
combustion of fuel is affected with diminished or apa bhuta, it is called by the term “Anal”. Because of
vitiated fire in the outer world and both the conditions its function of paka it cooks the food, dividing it into
are tackled in a similar manner. (Su. Su. 21/09) essence (prasad) and waste (kitta) separately. The
Chakrapani has commented on “Pittantargatta,”that Jatharagni bestows grace (help) to the other Pitta in
the body and to the dhatvagni present in the dhatus.
the function of Pitta inside the body is not combustion
(As.Hr.Su.12/10-12)
TYPES OF AGNI

Detailed Study of Jatharagni, Bhutagni, categories according to its performance of digestion

Dhatvagni- in the humanbeing (Cha.Chi.15/51) namely
The strength of the Grahani is from Agni itself, and Vishamagni, tikshanagni, Mandagni and Samagni.
the strength of Agni is from Grahani. When the Agni A. Samagni- Normal digestive fire is characterised by
undergoes vitiation, Grahani also gets vitiated and strong and appealing appetite that is easily satisfied
produces diseases (As.Hr.Sha.3/50-54).
with normal food. Digestive functions are proper;
Jatharagni is the Agni present in the there are no episodes of gas, colic and constipation. It
Jathara. Jathara stands for the stomach and digests and assimilates food properly at the proper
duodenum. As per Ashtanga Hridaya, seat of time. This thus increases the quality of the Dhatus
Jatharagni is Grahani (duodenum). The name (supportive tissues of the body).
Grahani, as it holds the food for certain amount of B. Vishamagni(Variable)Here the digestive fire is
time inside the Amasaya (stomach) in order to initiate
disturbed by vata. Because of variability in vata, there
digestion. Jatharagni is the main important Agni that are episodes of alternating cycles of strong appetite
controls the function of all other 12 Agnis.All the
with loss of appetite and forgetfulness to consume
Agnis are totally dependent on the status of Jatharagni foods. This type of Agni changes between digesting
(Cha. Chi. 15/39-40).
food quickly and slowly. It creates different types of
Jatharagni is considered to be the prime because each udargata roga.
and every nutrient that one ingests first comes to the
C. Tikshnagni(High) Here the digestive fire is
stomach and duodenum and is subjected to the action
disturbed by pitta. In these cases, agni is usually high
of Jatharagni. Jatharagni plays a key role in digestion
and both pitta and agni share same properties. In
of food-stuffs composed of the five basic elements these cases, immunity against diseases is good.
and transforms it for utilization by the respective
Because of variability in pitta, there are episodes
tissues. Jatharagni separates food material into thesara
excessive appetites. Tikshnagni means
(essence portion) and kitta (waste products) in the
human body. Jatharagni is also classified into four very quick/very sharp/very fast. Acharya Shushrut
states that when the power of digestion is increased

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from normal to above normal, food digests very CONCLUSION
quickly and produces hunger or the desire for food. Agni apart from the digestive function, is also
When food is digested, the throat, the mouth cavity responsible for the production of strength which has
and the lips become dry with a burning sensation. two aspects namely 1.strength to resist the occurrence
This condition is known as “Bhasmak of disease and decay in the human body 2.strength to
Roga” according to Ayurveda. perform physical exercises. Due to faulty agni status,
D. Mandagni(Low) “Mand” means slow. Here the a number of unripe, undigested or unmetabolised
byproducts are formed and have tendency to block the
digestive fire is disturbed by kapha. Becauseof
variability in kapha, there are episodes of poor micro channels of the body, thus resulting in
accumulation of dos has (morbid matters) and finally
appetite, sluggish metabolism and tendency to weight
precipitate in the form of disease. Ayurveda
gain despite optimal food consumption. Excessive
emphasizes that most of the diseases are the
mucus or phlegm production and congestion are
byproduct of agnidushti that is why the main principle
striking features. The meaning of the Mandagni is
of treatment of all diseases in Ayurveda is to restore
slow digestive power or digestive capacity. Those
and strengthen the agni (digestive and metabolic fire).
who are having Mandagni eat very little and are
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