Coordination

and protection
of busbar
distribution
Low voltage
expert guides n 1
Technical collection
07897411FR - REV. A0 - 1 Schneider Electric
YFJYVIIVGIT

Content
Busbar distribution system 3
.. Performance criteria of a LV Busbar distribution 3
.2. Functions 6
Level A: transmission and distribution with a small quantity of tap points 6
Level B: distribution with a large quantity of tap points 6
Level C : the fnal distribution 7
.3. IEC 60439.2 standard 8
.4. BBT protection 9
Overload protection 9
Short-circuit protection by circuit breaker
Circuit breaker/busbar trunking coordination
.5. Busbar distribution coordination 4
.6. Summarizing busbar distribution characteristics 4
The Schneider Electic busbar distribution System 15
2.. BBT/circuit breaker coordination 8
Protection of a transmission or distribution BBT downstream from
the Main Switchboard (MSB) 8
Protection of an BBT by an NSX400N limiting circuit breaker 8
2.2. Exclusive features of the Schneider Electric system:
enhanced busbar distribution coordination 20
2.3. Final distribution 2
2.4. Advantages of the Schneider Electric system 22
BBT protection 22
Tap off boxes 22
Final distribution 23
2.5. Advantages and exclusive features of the Schneider Electric system 23
Comprehensive coordination choice guide tables 23
Standard performance circuit breakers for all Isc y 70 kA 23
Optimization of the tap off box offer 23
Summarizing table 24
2
3
Busbar distribution
Design and production of a busbar distribution installation for
industrial and commercial buildings must meet 3 main
requirements: progressive upgradeability of the installation,
simplicity and dependability. Busbar distribution ensures
these requirements are fully met.
1.1. Performance criteria of a LV Busbar distribution
Three performance criteria for a busbar
distribution installation:
upgradeability
simplicity
dependability
b
b
b
1. Progressive upgradeability of the installation
Flexibility and Adaptability have become the key words in all commercial and
industrial activities which need to quickly adapt to the market in order to:
meet their customers needs,
cope with rapid changes and fuctuations in demand.
These performance criteria are expressed in terms of:
quantity of goods to be produced or of services to be provided....
continually decreasing manufacturing lead time,
quality: the level of quality of the products and associated services must be
equivalent whatever the decisive parameters (short lead time, large quantity to be
produced,...).
This implies permanent adaptation of production means as production rates are
stepped up after initial commissioning, and the process is completed by new
machines.
Busbar distribution, with its highly fexible design, fully covers these requirements.
2. Simplicity of the busbar distribution
Easy to design: the study is feasible regardless of energy distribution and load
layout. Choice of equipment is predetermined and optimized.
Easy to install thanks to the factory-built concept.
3. Dependability
Dependable electrical distribution is optimized as a means of guaranteeing:
safety of persons and equipment
continuity of service (choice of grounding system, implementation of
discrimination techniques, breaking not required when making changes to the
installation....)
reliability (reliable switchgear, factory-mounted subassemblies...)
easy maintenance (simple, rapid modifcations).
Dependability also guarantees an economic operating solution.
Busbar distribution fully meets these criteria.
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
4
Busbar distribution
Distribution is divided up into 3 separate
levels between the transformer and the
fnal applications:
level A: Transmission and distribution
with a small quantity of tap points,
level B: Distribution with a large quantity
of tap points
level C: the fnal distribution.
Busbar Trunking (BBT) distribution fully
covers the requirements of each level by
providing:
functions that are often specifc in
nature;
a high degree of operating reliability in
compliance with the IEC 439-2 standard.
b
b
b
b
b
In large sites Buildings
in excess of 5 000 m
The following diagrams represent standard installations which cover most cases
encountered in practice.
D
B

2
5
3
3
6
y 400 A
y 160 A
15 to 25 kA
y 400 A
i 800 A
y40 A
y5 to
10 kA
y40/
63 A y 10 to 16 kA
y 25 A
(40 A)
Isc 10 to
15 kA
y 400 A
100 to 250 A
M
M
M
Isc 20 to 50 kA
Isc 10 to 40 kA
20 to 70 kA
Isc 20 to 70 kA
Isc 30 to 80 kA
with a small
quantity of
tap points
T1 transmission
MSB
workshop 2 supply
workwhop 1
supply
1000 to 5000 A
T transmission
large manufacturing process
industry
manufacturing process moving tool
(maintenance, servicing)
lighting
automation
enclosure
use
automation
enclosure
socket
enclosure
lighting
NB. right next to the machine or
built into the machine
hall 1
supply
hall 2
supply
hall 3
supply
bay 2
supply
distribution
with a large
quantity of tap
points bay 1
supply
5
Busbar distribution
In medium-sized and small sites
Buildings smaller than 5 000 m
D
B

2
5
3
3
7
Level A
Transmission and
distribution with a small
quantity of tap points.
Note : does not concern
medium-sized and small sites.
400 A
30 mA
warehouse storage
10 kA
ID63 s
60 A
PC
100 to 250 A
25 to 40 A
M
< 63 A
lighting
homogeneous load,
offices
final distribution purpose of building
10 to 15 kA
10 to 15 kA
y 5 kA
15 kA
Level B
Distribution with
a large quantity of
tap points.
Level C
Energy utilisation.
6
Busbar distribution
1.2. Functions
BBT in transmission and distribution with
a small quantity of tap points
High current ratings from 1000 A to
5000 A
High short-circuit withstand up to
150 kA
Technological continuity
Flexibility
BBT in Distribution with a large quantity
of tap points:
numerous tap off sockets
box positioning fexibility
safe, easy handling
Final distribution:
on-load opening (emergency breaking)
local disconnection.
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
Level A: transmission and distribution with a
small quantity of tap points
Requirements
This level corresponds to Transformer/Main Switchboard (MSB) supply and main
distribution downstream from the Main Switchboard (MSB).
The requirements of this level as far as performance criteria are concerned (see p. 3)
are summarized in the table below:
Performance criteria Requirement Comments
Upgradeability b b modifcations at this level of the
installation although rare are
important; new layouts do not
affect main distribution
Simplicity b b b Power is available at all points of
the installation as from the
design stage.
Implementation simplifed by the
factory-built BBT concept.
Dependability
continuity of service b
b b b Distribution is entirely placed
downstream. Maintenance is
performed with power on.
safety b b b Safety of persons must be
guaranteed.
Maintenance is rare and is
carried out by qualifed staff. A
high degree of reliability in the
event of an electrical fault is
required.
b minor requirement b b average requirement b b b major requirement
Busbar Trunking (BBT) with a small quantity of tap points for
transmission and distribution
The T0 busbar trunkings convey energy from the MV/LV transformer directly to the
Main Switchboard (MSB). The T busbar trunkings, downstream from the Main
Switchboard (MSB), convey and distribute energy to BBTs with a large quantity of
tap points which supply the various workshops. Use transmission and distribution
BBTs with a small quantity of tap points ensures a simple, suitable solution:
the characteristics of the transmission BBTs authorize current ratings ranging from
000 A to 5000 A and short-circuit withstand levels up to 50 kA.
use of a fexible link to level B BBTs ensures technological continuity and fexibility
of the installation.
BBTs have a small quantity of tap points, as the number of feeders to be supplied
(workshops, halls) is small.
tap off boxes are of the power on fxed or withdrawable type.
b
b
b
b
Level B: distribution with a large quantity
of tap points
Requirements
Two types of loads must be supplied downstream from the distribution BBTs:
workshops and large machines (automation cubicle). In this case the short-circuit
and current levels may still be high (20 to 70 kA respectively and up to 800 A)
(see large sites on page 4).
bays and small machines (switchboard, automation enclosure, lighting circuit...).
Short-circuit and power levels are lower, 0 to 40 kA respectively and up to 400 A.
b
b
7
Busbar distribution
Performance criteria are summarized in the table below.
Performance criteria Requirement Comments
Upgradeability b b b Major modifcations are
possible. The tap off points
(loads) evolve physically and
electrically, thus calling for:
distribution with high density
tap off sockets,
upgradeability without
interrruption of service
continuity.
Simplicity b b b On design and installation.
It must be possible to place the
tap off boxes anywhere on the
busbar trunking whatever the Isc
level.
Dependability
continuity of service b
b b b Modifcations are made without
breaking.
The tap off boxes can be
connected and disconnected
with power on.
safety b b b b Modifcations made with power
on must be 00% safe:
direct contact protection
polarization for proper
installation of the tap off boxes
performances of the tap off
box equipped with its circuit
breaker automatically
compatible with the Isc
at the considered point.
b minor requirement b b average requirement b b b major requirement
Busbar Trunking (BBT) with a large quantity of tap points for
distribution
BBT distribution meets the operators needs:
a large quantity of tap off sockets
00% safe connection of tap off boxes with power on
boxes can be placed anywhere on the BBT
easy, fully safe disassembling/reassembling/addition of tap off boxes
protection device placed near to the user, thereby ensuring easy handling.
Busbar Trunkings comply with the IEC 439-2 standard (see page 9) which
guarantees their quality and reliability whatever changes are made to the installation.
b
b
b
b
b
Level C : the fnal distribution
Requirements
Downstream fnal distribution is often linked to the load. The performance criteria
requirements are:
Performance criteria Requirement Comments
Upgradeability b b b The BBT tap off boxes must be
standard. Protection devices
must have a wide setting range.
Simplicity b b
Dependability
continuity of service b
b b b
It is vital that protection of the
load(s) in the automation cubicle
be fully coordinated with the
upstream protection devices.
safety b b b b Of persons and equipment.
b minor requirement b b average requirement b b b major requirement
8
Busbar distribution
The fnal distribution
It must meet a number of characteristics in order to ensure system performance, in
particular as concerns continuity of service and safety. On-load opening, necessary
for emergency breaking, and disconnection are requirements to be built into the
enclosure incoming switch. Moreover, the control and protection switchgear are
easily accessible to the user, thus making them easy to handle.
D
B

2
5
3
3
8
connecting
cable
BBT
tap off
circuit breaker
isolating
switch
industrial
control
circuit breaker
automation
cubicle
D
B

2
5
3
3
9
connecting
cable
BBT
tap off
circuit breaker
isolating
switch
final
distribution
circuit breaker
final distribution
enclosure
1.3. IEC 60439.2 standard
IEC 60439-1
LV switchgear assemblies
IEC 60439-2
Second part : specifc busbar trunking rules.
General
Area of application: busbar trunkings for
power and lighting distribution.
Factory quality
Manufacturers guarantee characterizing
the product.
Product quality and dependability
guaranteed by a series of factory tests.
This standard concerns LV switchgear assemblies.
Busbar trunkings must comply with the rules laid down in
publications 60439-1 and 2.
Dfnitions
Busbar trunking:
Switchgear type tested assembly in the form of a conductive network concerning,
in a duct, cableway or similar enclosure, busbars which are supported
by insulating materials.
This assembly can be made up of:
busbar parts with or without tap off points,
power supply, fexible links,
branch busbar parts.
Electrical characteritics of the assemblies
The manufacturer must specify the mean values for the various phases:
R: mean ohmic resistance of the busbar trunking per meter
X: mean reactance of the busbar trunking per meter
Zf: impedance per meter of loop length, including the protection circuit (PE)
and the phase giving the highest impedance.
Indirect contact protection by automatic power supply breaking using
over current protection devices.
b
b
b
9
Busbar distribution
Construction arrangements
Busbar trunkings must be designed as type tested LV switchgear assemblies (TTA).
According to the manufacturers instructions, BBTs are designed to withstand
mechanical loads.
For safety reasons, an BBT equipped with tap off points must be designed
in such a way as to prevent incorrect connection of the tap off parts.
If three-phase ac is used, phase order must be constant throughout the BBT.
Temperature rise limits are defned on the enclosures and connection terminals.
Test specifcations
Type tests are designed to check compliance with the specifcations laid down for a
given BBT type.
Type tests are carried out on a copy of an BBT or on an BBT type produced using the
same or similar drawings.
Type tests consist of:
checking temperature rise limits, dielectric properties, short-circuit withstand,
electrical continuity of the protection circuit, clearances and creepage distances,
mechanical operation, degree of protection, resistance, reactance and impedance,
and sturdiness of the construction.
The standard describes all the conditions and provisions of the tests laid down and, if
necessary, the results to be obtained.
b
1.4. BBT protection
A 20% shift of the opening currents
results in a minimum overcalibration of
10% of the busbar trunking if fuse
protection is used.
This must be provided in accordance with installation standards.
Overload protection
The busbar trunking supplies loads: the total load current is lr.
Sizing characteristics for choice of BBT and overload protection are:
current rating lb = k x IT (k is the concentrationfactor)
rated busbar trunking current lnc > lb
permissible current as a function of temperature lz = f x lnc
(f is the temperature factor)
derating factor k2 linked to the type of switchgear:
fuse k2 = 1.1
circuit breaker k2 = 1
For extension purposes, busbar trunking is normally protected for its rated current
lnc (or for their permissible current lz if the temperature factor f is applied).
In order to take account of busbar trunking thermal overload protection, the various
protection switchgear technologies and the maximum opening currents for
protection devices in overload conditions must be considered.
Calibration of thermal asymptotes:
the distribution fuse is calibrated to trip on overloads of between .25 and .6
times its rated curent (fuse ln)
the circuit breaker is calibrated to trip on overloads of between .05 and .3
(.2 for circuit breakers with electronic protection) times its setting current
(lr as a function of circuit breaker ln)
Maximum opening current:
this current is set at most by the installation standards (IEC 60364,
NFC 5-00,...) to .45 times the current permissible to the busbar trunking.

b
b
b
b
v
v
b
v
v
b
v
D
B

2
5
3
4
0
In
Iz = 1.1 In
Iz = Inc if fz = 1
I
1.25 to 1.6 In
1.45 Iz
t(s)
Fuse.
D
B

2
5
3
4
0
In
Iz = 1.1 In
Iz = Inc if fz = 1
I
1.25 to 1.6 In
1.45 Iz
t(s)
Fuse.
D
B

2
5
3
4

I
t(s) 1.05 to 1.3 In
In
Iz = In
1000
1.45 Iz
Circuit breaker.
D
B

2
5
3
4

I
t(s) 1.05 to 1.3 In
In
Iz = In
1000
1.45 Iz
Circuit breaker.
0
Busbar distribution
Example for a current lb = 400 A in an ambient temperature of 35C:
fuse protection:
lnc = lb x f1 x k2 = 400 x 1 x 1.1 = 440 A
The busbar trunking chosen is KSA50 (lnc = 500 A)
circuit breaker protection:
lnc = lb x f1 x k2 = 400 x 1 x 1 = 440 A
The busbar trunking chosen is KSA40 (lnc = 400 A)
v
v
If operating conditions are different from
rated conditions of use, the circuit breaker
offers enhanced optimization of busbar
trunking protection (e.g. operation at high
ambient temperatures of 45/50 C).
Setting circuit breakers equipped with
electronic trip units:
thermal protection lr adjustable from
0.4 ln to ln
short-circuit protection from 2 lr to 10 lr
increased fexibility and upgradeability.
b
b
b
Fineness of the thermal setting
The fuse is given a fxed rating. Current changes in the device to be protected
require fuse replacement.
The difference between 2 fuse ratings is approximately 25 %. Standard ratings are
given according to the series of characteristic numbers of the Renard series.
For example: 40 - 50 - 63 - 80 - 00 - 25 - 60 - 200 - etc.
The circuit breaker offers a setting fneness of:
5 % for circuit breakers equipped with conventional thermal-magnetic trip units,
3 % for circuit breakers equipped with electronic trip units.
For example: a circuit breaker with a nominal rating of 00 A can easily be set to
values of lr = 00 A, 95 A, 90 A, 85 A, 80 A.
For example: a circuit breaker with a nominal rating of 00 A set at 90 A will be used
to protect a KSA0 busbar trunking (lnc = 00 A) which is used for an ambient
temperature of 50C (see table of maximum permissible temperatures as a function
of operating temperature).
Extensive setting range of circuit breakers equipped with
electronic trip units
Circuit breakers equipped with electronic trip units or setting dynamics in:
thermal protection lr adjustable from 0.4 ln to ln
short-circuit protection from 2 lr to 0 lr
For example: a 250 A circuit breaker (NSX250N equipped with a Micrologic 2.2)
can easily be set in:
thermal protection of 00 to 250 A
short-circuit protection of 200 to 2500 A
D
B

2
5

6
5
Exemple of setting possibilities.
This ensures a high degree of fexibility with respect to:
modifcations (fexibility), extensions (upgradeability): protection devices are
easily adapted to the application requiring protection and to the grounding system
used (protection of persons and equipment)
maintenance: use of this type of device considerably reduces maintenance
component stocks.
b
b
v
v
b
b
b
b
b
b

Busbar distribution
Short-circuit protection by circuit breaker
BBT sizing is determined by 3 types of
characteristics:
the maximum peak current, peak l
the maximum short-term rms current, lcw
the thermal stress (in A
2
s).
b
b
b
Inherent BBT characteristiques
BBT short-circuit sizing is determined by the following characteristics:
the maximum peak current, peak l:
this characteristic expresses the instantaneous electrodynamic withstand limits of
the busbar trunking. Peak current value is often the most restrictive instantaneous
characteristic for the protection device.
maximum short-term rms current lcw:
this characteristic expresses the permissible temperature rise limit of conductors
for a given period of time (0. to s).
the thermal stress in A
2
s:
this characteristic expresses the instantaneous thermal stress withstand of the BBT.
Normally, if the short-circuit generates fault conditions that are compatible with the
frst two characteristics, this constraint is naturally satisfed.
The assumed short-circuit current to be considered for BBT protection is the one
found at supply box level.
Circuit breaker characteristics
Circuit breaker D must meet the requirements of product construction standards
(IEC 60947-2,...) and installation standards (IEC 60364 or relevant country
standards), i.e. its breaking capacity lcu
(1)
must be greater than short-circuit current
Isc at the point where it is installed.
(1) installation standard IEC 364 and the construction standards specify that the breaking
capacity of a circuit breaker is:
the ultimate breaking capacity, lcu, if it is not coordinated with an upstream protection device
the breaking capacity enhanced by cascading, if there is coordination with the upstream
protection device.
Applications
Two cases must be considered :
directely protected busbar trunking
circuit breaker lcu u assumed Isc at point A
BBT peak l u asymmetrical assumed or limited Isc at point A
BBT thermal withstand in lcw u thermal stress passing through the BBT
busbar trunking protected downstream from a cable
circuit breaker lcu u assumed Isc at point A
BBT peak l u asymmetrical assumed or limited Isc at point B
BBT thermal withstand in lcw u thermal stress passing through the BBT.
v
v
Circuit breaker/busbar trunking coordination
This coordination depends on the type of circuit breaker protecting the busbar
trunking.

Non-limiting or time-delayed circuit breaker
These are non-limiting (instantaneous or time-delayed) circuit breakers and time-
delayed limiting circuit breakers, mainly of the air power (> 800 A) type.
The busbar trunking must be able to withstand the fault peak current to which it may
be submitted as well as thermal withstand during any time delay:
the permissible peak current, peak l, of the BBT must be greater than the peak
value of the assumed asymmetrical short-circuit current, asymm. Isc, at point A.
The value of the asymmetrical short-circuit current is obtained from the value of the
symmetrical short-circuit current, Isc, multiplied by a standardized asymmetry factor (k).
The frst value of the 1st short-circuit asymmetry peak in the transient state is the one
that is taken into account.
b
D
B

2
5
3
4
4
busbar trunking
Icw (u T)
T = 1s
Isc
I1
busbar trunking
peak I
T
t
asymm Isc
Current value of the 1
st
peak as a functon of rms Isc.
D
B

2
5
3
4
4
busbar trunking
Icw (u T)
T = 1s
Isc
I1
busbar trunking
peak I
T
t
asymm Isc
Current value of the 1
st
peak as a functon of rms Isc.
2
Busbar distribution
Standardized table for calculating the asymmetrical short-circuit
Isc: assumed symmetrical short-circuit
kA (rms value)
Assymetric factor
k
4.5 y I y 6 .5
6 < I y 0 .7
0 < I y 20 2.0
20 < I y 50 2.
50 < I 2.2

For example: for a circuit with a assumed short-circuit current of 50 kA rms, the frst
peak reaches 105 kA (50 kA x 2.1): see fgure opposite.
The short-term short-circuit current, lcw, of the BBT, must be greater than the
current fowing through the installation for the duration of the short-circuit Isc
(duration T - total breaking time - including the time delay if any -).
For example: a KTA6 BBT has an lcw characteristic of 60 kA for T = second, i.e.
a thermal stress withstand expressed in A
2
s equal to 3.6x09 A
2
s.
If one of these relationships is not verifed, a suitable higher rating must be chosen
for the BBT.
Limiting circuit breaker
This mainly concerns protection of BBTs by moulded case type circuit-breakers
(u 250 A).
In this case it is ensured that the BBT withstands the peak current limited by the
protection device and the corresponding thermal stress.
The current limited (peak l) by the circuit-breaker is y the peak current permissible
to the BBT.
The thermal stress limited by the circuit-breaker is y the thermal stress permissible
to the BBT.
Cheking BBT withstand in peak I
D
B

2
5
3
4
6
Icc
I
peak
(kA)
assumed short-circuit
current
peak current
limited in the
busbar trunking
I
peak
I
L
current limitation
curve
I
sc
non-limiting
peak current
maximum current
permissible to the
busbar trunking
Checking BBT withstand in A
2
S
D
B

2
5
3
4
7
Icc
A
2
s
assumed short-circuit
current
thermal stress
permissible to the
busbar
thermal stress
limitation curve
thermal stress
limited in the
busbar trunking
If either of these conditions is not met, oversizing of the BBT will be required.
b
b
b
D
B

2
5
3
4
5
250
200
150
100
50
0
4,5 6 10 20
rms Isc
I
peak
(kA)
50 100
105 kA
Transcient and steady states of a short-term short-circuit.
D
B

2
5
3
4
5
250
200
150
100
50
0
4,5 6 10 20
rms Isc
I
peak
(kA)
50 100
105 kA
Transcient and steady states of a short-term short-circuit.
3
Busbar distribution
BBT protection summarizing table
Network characteristics
Isc
Circuit breaker characteristics / Short-circuit constraints
Icu u Isc at point A
BBT characteristics / Short-circuit constraints
(1)
Peak I Icw for T
(3)
A
2
s
BBT withstand Permissible Instantaneous
at peak current short-term current thermal withstand
k kA rms x f(T) kA
2
s
Time-delayed non-limiting
circuit breaker
Peak I u Isc x k
(2)
Icw u Isc
Limiting circuit breaker Peak I u I
L
limited
by the circuit breaker
kA
2
s (BBT) u kA
2
s limited
by the circuit breaker
Characteristics that are not applicable or that are naturally verifed
(1) the Isc of the network under consideration is that at the BBT connection point (at point A)
(2) asymmetry factor (see page 13)
(3) T: total breaking time including any time delays.
D
B

2
5
3
4
2
BBT
circuit breaker
A
Isc at point A
D
B

2
5
3
4
3
B
circuit breaker
cab le
BBT
A '
The busbar trunking short-circuit protection level can be either total or partial:
total protection: the busbar trunking is protected up to the ultimate breaking
capacity of the circuit breaker
partial protection: the busbar trunking is protected up to a high short-circuit
current level (e.g. 55 kA) but less than circuit breaker ultimate breaking capacity (lcu)
(e.g. lcu = 70 kA).
D
B

2
5
3
4
8
Isc
BBT2
protection
limit
partial
protection
BBT 1
circuit breaker
curve
total protection
BBT 2
I (12 kA) Icu (25 kA)
I
peak
()
D
B

2
5
3
4
9
Isc
(150 kA)
I
peak
()
BBT2
protection
limit
partial
protection
BBT 1
limiting
circuit breaker
curve
total protection
BBT 2
I (25 kA) Icu
Non-limiting circuit breaker. Limiting circuit breaker.
b
v
v
4
Busbar distribution
1.5. Busbar distribution coordination
Protection device coordination:
System performance is guaranteed by
standardization of circuit breaker
protection and BBT busbar distribution.
The performance of a busbar distribution
system depends on the specifc
characteristics of each of its component
parts.
This performance will be optimized by
providing proper coordination, obtained by
a system type design.
Continuity ofservice and discrimination
The previous chapters dealt with BBT overload and short-circuit protection.
An installation is always made up of a number of distribution levels.
Continuity of service must be guaranteed by ascending coordination
of protection devices from the load to the source. This coordination relies on
discrimination techniques.
Discrimination of protection devices consists of coordinating automatic protection
devices so that a fault occurring at any point of the network is eliminated by the
circuit breaker immediately upstream from it and by this circuit breaker alone.
The performance of an electrical distribution system is guaranteed by
standardization of circuit breaker protection and BBT busbar distribution.
1.6. Summarizing busbar distribution characteristics
The performance criteria of a distributed electrical distribution installation in industrial
and commercial buildings call for functions whose characteristics are summarized in
the table below.

Criteria Relevant functions
Level A
transmission and
distribution with
a small quantity
of tap points
Level B
distribution with
a large quantity
of tap points
Level C
fnal distribution
Upgradeability numerous tap off points v b
Simplicity easy study and installation b b v
easy site modifcation v b v
Continuity of service discrimination of protection devices b b b
modifcation with power on v b
protection device easily reset v v b
Safety controlled fault parameters
(1)
b b b
on-load braeking and disconnection b b b
vital maximum performance
normal performance
(1) System global control
- Circuit breaker protection device coordination
- Inherent BBT performance
- Protection of persons and equipment
- Compliance with standards
- etc...
b
v
5
The Schneider Electic busbar distribution System
Busbar distribution fully satisfes requirements for
upgradeability, simplicity, continuity of service and safety.
Schneider Electric recommends a System type approach to perform the above
functions.
These solutions are based on a BBT busbar distribution system, protected by circuit
breakers, and provide:
simplicity of choice
homogeneity of solutions
rationalization of components
a manufacturers guarantee of System coordination.
The two block diagrams on the following pages give some examples of the
Schneider Electric circuit breaker protected busbar distribution system.
b
b
b
b
6
The Schneider Electic busbar distribution System
In large sites
Buildings in excess of 5 000 m
D
B

2
5

7
4
Level A
Level B
Level C
push to trip
push to trip
N
. 1 . 2 . 4
. 1 . 2 . 4
N
push to trip
KTA20
KSA40
KSA16
KBB
push to trip
KTA20
D
B

2
5
3
6
4
Example of an industrial site.
7
The Schneider Electic busbar distribution System
In medium-sized and small sites
Building smaller than 5 000 m
D
B

2
5

7
5
Level C
Level B
push to trip
push to trip
T
OFF
KNA63
KSA16
KBA
D
B

2
5
3
6
5
Example:of a supermarket.
8
The Schneider Electic busbar distribution System
2.1. BBT/circuit breaker coordination
In order to simplify choice, Schneider
Electric presents the results of each circuit
breaker/ BBT combination directly in table
form (see Technical complementary data).
The approach used in the study examined earlier, applied to Schneider Electric
products, enhances the Schneider Electric system.
Protection of a transmission or distribution BBT
downstream from the Main Switchboard (MSB)
The diagram opposite shows a T transmission BBT and a KTA6 distribution BBT
(600 A) protected by a Masterpact M6 circuit-breaker with a 0.5 s time delay.
At point A, at the supply end of the KTA6 distribution BBT, the Isc is 55 kA.
The conditions laid down on page 15 are carefully verifed:
for the Masterpact Isc (65 kA) > Isc (55 kW) at point A of the installation
for the busbar trunking:
the withstand current lcw (66 kA) for s is greater than the short-circuit current Isc
(55 kA) for T = 0.5 s
the peak withstand, peak l (30 k) of the busbar trunking is greater than the
maximum asymmetrical peak current.
The following table lists the various constraints and characteristics of the circuit
breaker and busbar trunking.
Network characteristics at point A
Isc = 55 kAin A = 55 kA in A
Circuit breaker characteristics / short-circuit constraints
Icu = 65 kA u 55 kA in A
BTT characteristics / short-circuit constraints
Peak I = 130 kA Icw = 66 kA for 1s A
2
s
BBT withstand Permissible short-term Instantaneous
at peak current current thermal withstand
k kA rms x f(T) kA
2
s
Non-limiting circuit breaker 130 kA u 55 kA x 2,2 66 kA u 55 kA
fot s
Naturally verifed characteristics.
D
B

2
5

9
4
D
B

2
5
3
5
0
b
b
b
v
v
Protection of an BBT by an NSX400N limiting
circuit breaker
Limiting capacity
The circuit breakers in the Compact NSX range are limiting circuit breakers with a
high limiting capacity.
A circuit breakers limiting capacity expresses its ability only to let a limited current I
L

lower than the assumed Isc asymmetrical peak short-circuit current, through on a
short-circuit.
The consequence is a considerable reduction in electrodynamic and thermal
stresses in the installation requiring protection.
9
The Schneider Electic busbar distribution System
Applying limiting capacity to BBT protection
This fault current limitation means that BBT protection level is extremely high.
With Compact NSX circuit breakers, a 0% limitation (I
L
/asymmetrical Isc) reduces
to less than 1% the fault current fowing through the installation.
The diagram opposite shows protection of the KSA40 distribution busbar trunking by
an NSX400N limiting circuit breaker. In this diagram:
the Isc is 45 kA at point A.
A study of the various limitation curves shows that:
in B, the limited Isc is only 26 kA (instead of nearly 84 kA without limitation)
the energy limited in A
2
s is far lower than BBT withstand.
D
B

2
5
3
5
2
Isc
26 k
48 k
40 kA
kA peak
a. current limitation
D
B

2
5
3
5
3
Isc
A
2
s
354 x 10
6
1.6 x 10
6
40 kA
b. energy limitation
The following table lists the various constraints and characteristics of the circuit
breaker and BBT.
Network characteristics
Isc = 45 kAat point A = 45 kA at point A Isc = 40 kAat point B = 40 kA at point B
Circuit breaker characteristics / Short-circuit constraints
Icu = 45 kA u 45 kA at point A
BBT characteristics / Short-circuit constraints (at point B)
Peak I = 48 kA Icw = 66 kA for Ts "A
2
s" = 354 x 106 A
2
s
BBT withstand Permissible short-term Instantaneous
at peak current current thermical withstand
k kA rms x f(T) kA
2
s
Limiting circuit breaker 48 k u I
L
= 28 k 354 x 106 u 1,6 x 106 A
2
s
Unapplicable characteristics.
This table shows that the limitation performance of the Compact NSX is vital to
reduce the stresses to which the busbar trunkings are subjected and in particular the
thermal stress.
b
b
b
D
B

2
5
3
5

assumed Isc
at "A" 45 kA
NSX400N
KSA40
assumed Isc
at "B" 40 kA
Protection of an BBT by an NSX400N limiting circuit breaker.
D
B

2
5
3
5

assumed Isc
at "A" 45 kA
NSX400N
KSA40
assumed Isc
at "B" 40 kA
Protection of an BBT by an NSX400N limiting circuit breaker.
20
The Schneider Electic busbar distribution System
The exceptional limitation of the peak current means that monitoring of the BBT
thermal stress criterion can be ignored (limited I
2
t << BBT withstand I
2
t).
The following limitation curves immediately show the coordination characteristics.
D
B

2
5
3
5
4
Isc
Ipeak
k
13.6
KSA63
22
28
49.2
67.5
N
L
H
NSX630
NSX400
NSX250
NSX160
NSX100
25 70100 150
KSA40
KSA25
KSA16
KSA10
D
B

2
5
3
5
5
Isc
10
6
x A
2
s
NSX250
NSX160
NSX100
H
L
NSX630
NSX400
N H
N
H
L
N
0.55
1
6.8
20.2
100
354
1100
KSA63 (630 A)
KSA40 (400 A)
KSA25 (250 A)
KSA16 (160 A)
KSA10 (100 A)
L
Limited and Canalis. Limited A
2
s and Canalis.
These diagrams show that protection is provided in excess of the maximum Isc
encountered on installations.

2.2. Exclusive features of the Schneider Electric system: enhanced
busbar distribution coordination
Enhanced coordination has many
advantages: exclusive features of the
Schneider Electric system
possibility of installing circuit breakers
with standard breaking capacity (anywhere
on the tap off BBT) downstream from an
BBT protected by a Compact NSX.
standard guarantee of total distribution
discrimination.
This results in reduced installation and
operating costs.
b
b
Coordination between a Compact NSX circuit breaker (D placed upstream) and a
downstream circuit breaker (D2) protecting an BBT, enhances the Isc withstand
performance of this BBT.
Enhancement depends on the limitation performances and breaking technique of the
Schneider Electric circuit breakers.
Reminder: coordination between 2 protection devices
When 2 circuit breakers are installed in series in an electrical installation, their
behavior when a short-circuit occurs downstream is referred to by the
term coordination (see diagram opposite).
This term covers 2 notions:
discrimination: only the circuit breaker placed immediately upstream from the
fault eliminates the fault
cascading: the upstream circuit breaker uses its limiting capacity to help the
downstream circuit breaker eliminate the fault on breaking.

Thus, according to the level of short-circuit to be eliminated, D and D2 may be:
discriminating: only D2 will eliminate downstream faults
cascading: D will help D2 eliminate short-circuits. In this case D2s short-circuit
capacity will be enhanced.
b
b
b
b
D
B

2
5
2
0

Coordination.
D
B

2
5
2
0

Coordination.
Implementation of a D upstream Compact NSX circuit breaker of the Compact
NSX type coordinated with a D2 downstream circuit breaker, simultaneously
enhances:
breaking capacity by cascading of circuit breaker D2,
as well as the discrimination level up to the enhanced breaking capacity of the
combination.
b
b
Coordination is defned and recognised by the switchgear standards (IEC 60947)
and installation standards (IEC 60364 or relevant country standards), and is
guaranteed by manufacturing tests or calculations.
2
The Schneider Electic busbar distribution System
Application: enhanced BBT protection
This cascading technique also considerably enhances BBT withstand characteristics
with respect to the assumed short-circuit current.
In the diagram opposite the KSA40 busbar trunking is protected by the NSX400N
circuit breaker (D). A KSA6 tap off protected by an NSX60F (D2) circuit breaker is
placed on this busbar trunking.
Without coordination, the very high limiting capacity of the NSX60F alone already
protects the KSA6 up to its ultimate breaking capacity Icu, i.e. 35 kA.
However coordination performance is enhanced as a result of enhanced
coordination with the upstream NSX400N:
enhanced breaking capacity of the NSX60F which rises to 45 kA,
enhanced discrimination: due to the techniques developed in the NSX type
ranges, discrimination is total between the 2 protection devices, in other words up to
the enhanced breaking capacity of D2, i.e. 45 kA.
enhanced busbar trunking withstand: tested coordination of Canalis KSA6 is
enhanced up to the enhanced Isc of the NSX60F, i.e. 45 kA.
This exclusive Schneider Electric system feature increases:
reliability, thanks to the high limitation of short-circuit current thermal and
electrodynamic stresses
continuity of electrical distribution service thanks to the increased
discrimination level.

BBT protection BBT protection
in coordination
Canalis KSA 16 Protected by limiting D2
NSX60F Icu = 35 kA
Protected by limiting D2
NSX60F Icu = 35 kA
coordinated upstream with D
NSX400N Icu = 45 kA
Protection limit KSA6 Isc = 35 kA Isc = 45 kA
Descrimination limit Up to max. Isc = 35 kA
according to upstream
Up to max. Isc = 45 kA
guaranteed
KSA16 characteristic Maximum stresses on BBT if a short-circuit occurs

Peak I = 22 k
A
2
s = 20,2 06
Isc = 35 kA
I
L
= 9 k
A
2
s = 0,52 0
6
Isc = 45 kA
I
L
= 20 k
A
2
s = 0,6 0
6
b
b
v
v
v
b
b
D
B

2
5
2
0
2
Enhanced protection of a KSA-16 BBT by an NSX160F
circuit breaker coordinated with an NSX400N circuit breaker.
D
B

2
5
2
0
2
Enhanced protection of a KSA-16 BBT by an NSX160F
circuit breaker coordinated with an NSX400N circuit breaker.
2.3. Final distribution
The following diagrams optimize all the functions required for all industrial and
commercial building applications.
Protection
switchboard overcurrent protection is provided by the protection circuit breaker
(DD) installed in the tap off box.
feeder protection is provided by the circuit-breakers (DCI) installed at each feeder.
Continuity of service is optimum at feeder level:
thanks to enhanced total discrimination between the protection devices
thanks to easy access and resetting of the protection devices.
Maintenance
The switchboard incoming switch (IS) guarantees disconnection and thus safety for
maintenance, servicing and upgrading of the installation.
b
b
b
b
22
The Schneider Electic busbar distribution System
On-load opening
This function is performed by a switch. The incoming switch places the installation
out of operation should a problem arise, either by manual control or automatically
using an emergency punch button. This safety function requires a high degree of
reliability should a fault occur on the electrical installation.
D
B

2
5
3
5
6
DD
IS
DCI
Canalis
tap off
circuit breaker
isolating
switch
Industrial
control
circuit breaker
automation
cubicle
connecting
cable
D
B

2
5
3
5
7
Canalis
tap off
circuit breaker
isolating
switch
final distribution
circuit breaker
final distribution
enclosure
connecting
cable
2.4. Advantages of the Schneider Electric system
BBT protection
Schneider Electric circuit breakers offer:
overload and short-circuit protection,
an extensive setting range and thus protection device standardization,
coordination between the protection devices and the Telemecanique Canalis BBTs:
total discrimination: to 6300 A between all Merlin Gerin circuit breakers
cascading:
enhancement of low and medium power BBT short-circuit protection devices, thus
meeting all the short-circuit levels encountered.
tap off protection using standard circuit breakers regardless of where the tap off
box is placed on the Canalis BBT.
use of standard circuit breakers simplifes the study process, while ensuring a high
degree of dependability.
quick, easy fault tracking.
simple reclosing (resetting) once the fault has been eliminated by the operator.

Tap off boxes
The Schneider Electric Canalis tap off boxes satisfy operators needs in terms of:
installation upgradeability without production downtimes
continuity of service
safety.
The tap off boxes:
can be connected and disconnected with power on without risk to the operator
are designed for installation at one-meter intervals on the distribution BBTs.
b
b
b
v
v
-
-
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
D
B

2
5
2
0
5
Canalis KSA busbar trunking.
D
B

2
5
2
0
5
Tap off box.
D
B

2
5
2
0
5
Canalis KSA busbar trunking.
D
B

2
5
2
0
5
Tap off box.
23
The Schneider Electic busbar distribution System
Final distribution
The protection switchgear optimizes switchboard functions.
Coordination of upstream protection devices is provided and guaranteed by
Schneider Electric:
for distribution applications between Masterpact, Compact C, Compact NSX
circuit breakers and Multi 9 circuit breakers.
for industrial control applications between circuit breakers and control
(motor circuit breaker, Integral,...).
The coordination tables are available in the relevant product catalogs.
The Schneider Electric switches comply with the IEC 60947-3 standard, and are
designed to ensure AC23 on-load breaking and disconnection. Their protection is
guaranteed by coordination with the upstream circuit breakers.
b
v
v
D
B

2
5
2
0
7
D
B

2
5
2

6
Prisma enclosure.
Automation enclosure.
D
B

2
5
2

7
Switch.
D
B

2
5
2
0
7
D
B

2
5
2

6
Prisma enclosure.
Automation enclosure.
D
B

2
5
2

7
Switch.
2.5. Advantages and exclusive features of the Schneider Electric
system
Total coordination of the Schneider Electric system guarantees and enhances safety
of persons and equipment, continuity of service and installation upgradeability and
simplicity.
Total coordination is materialized by:
Comprehensive coordination choice guide tables
Schneider Electric proposes coordination tables for a busbar distribution system
from to 5000 A:
circuit breakers: Multi 9, Compact NSX, Compact CM, Masterpact
from to 6300 A.
BBT: lighting BBT, low, medium and high power distribution BBT.
Whatever the installations short-circuit current, 2 table types directly supply the
appropriate BBTs and circuit breakers:
one to ensure coordination
the other to ensure cascading and enhanced discrimination.
Standard performance circuit breakers for all Isc y 70 kA
The BBT tap off boxes are equipped with standard Compact NS circuit breakers and
can be installed at any point of the BBT.
Optimization of the tap off box offer
The extensive setting ranges of the circuit breakers equipped with electronic trip units.
in thermal protection, Ir is adjustable from 0.4 to In,
in short-circuit protection, Im is adjustable from 2 to 0 Ir,
allow optimization of the tap off box stocks required for maintenance and extension
purposes.
This feature helps enhance the natural fexibility and upgradeability of the BBTs.
b
v
v
v
b
v
v
b
b
24
The Schneider Electic busbar distribution System
Summarizing table
Criteria Relevant functions
Level A
Transmission and
distribution with a small
quantity of tap points
Level B
Distribution with
a large quantity
of tap points
Level C
Final distribution
Upgradeability
One tap off connection every meter BBT
Extensive setting range of protection devices CB CB
Easy installation BBT BBT
Standard performance circuit breakers
for all Isc y 70 kA
CB CB
Simplicity
Comprehensive coordination choice guide tablr BBT, CB BBT, CB BBT, CB
Optimization of the tap off box offer CB CB
Easy, rapid BBT installation BBT BBT
Easy installation modifcation BBT BBT
Extensive protection enclosure range BBT BBT
Continuty
of service
Total discrimination of BBT protection devices BBT, CB BBT, CB
Total discrimination of protection devices for all
Merlin Gerin and Telemecanique circuit breaker
ranges
(1)
CB
Modifcation without production downtimes BBT BBT
Easily resettable protection device CB CB CB
Safety of
persons and
equipment
System coordinated from 40 to 5000 A cascading
and total coordination of protection devices
BBT, CB BBT, CB BBT, CB
On load breaking and disconnected coordinated
with upstream protection devices
CB CB CB
Testable protection devices CB CB CB
Polarized tap off boxes BBT BBT
: exclusive advantage of the Schneider Electric system.
BBT : performance owed to the Canalis BBTs
CB : perfromance due to the circuit breakers
BBT, CB : performance due to the coordination between BBTs and circuit breaker
(1) In particular thanks to :
a system coordinated from 40 to 5000 A
cascading and total coordinition of protection device.
07897411FR - REV. A0 - 1 Schneider Electric
YFJYVIIVGIT
06-2009 DBTP118EN
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
35, rue Joseph Monier
CS 30323
F- 92506 Rueil Malmaison Cedex
RCS Nanterre 954 503 439
Capital social 896 313 776
www.schneider-electric.com

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As standards, specifcations and designs change from time to time, please ask for confrmation
of the information given in this publication.
This document has been printed on ecological paper
Desin: Schneider Electric
Photos: Schneider Electric
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