Bitcoin Cash

Bitcoin Cash is a cryptocurrency that is a fork of Bitcoin.

Bitcoin Cash
Bitcoin Cash is a spin-off or altcoin that was created in
2017.[5][6]

In November 2018, Bitcoin Cash split further into two

cryptocurrencies: Bitcoin Cash and Bitcoin SV.[7]

Contents
Code BCH[1]
History
Precision 10−8
Controversy
Development
Trading and usage
Implementation(s) Bitcoin
Difficulty adjustment algorithm
Unlimited
2018 split to create Bitcoin SV
Latest release 1.9.1 /
See also
17 February
Notes 2021[2]
References Development Active
External links status
Project fork of Bitcoin

History Website bitcoincash.org

(https://bitcoinc
Since its inception, Bitcoin users had maintained a common ash.org/)
set of rules for the cryptocurrency.[8] On 21 July 2017, Ledger
bitcoin miners locked-in a software upgrade referred to as
Ledger start 3 January
Bitcoin Improvement Proposal (BIP) 91, which meant that
2009[3][4]: ch. 35 
the Segregated Witness upgrade would activate at block
477,120. Segwit controversially would enable second layer Split height #478559 /
solutions on bitcoin such as the Lightning Network.[9] A key 1 August 2017
difference of opinion between Bitcoin users was over the Split from Bitcoin
running of nodes. Bitcoin supporters wanted to keep blocks
Split ratio 1:1
small so that nodes could be operated with less resources,
while some large block supporters find it acceptable that Timestamping Proof-of-work
(due to large block sizes), nodes might only be run by scheme (partial hash
universities, private companies and nonprofits.[10] inversion)
Hash function SHA-256
A group of bitcoin activists,[11] developers[8], and China-
based miners were unhappy with Bitcoin's proposed SegWit Issuance Initially BCH 50
improvement plans meant to increase bitcoin's capacity and schedule per block,
pushed forward alternative plans which would increase the halved every
block size limit to eight megabytes through a hard fork.[12] 210,000 blocks
[8][13] Supporters of a block size increase were more
committed to an on-chain medium of exchange function.[9] Block reward BCH 6.25 [a]
Block time 10 minutes
In June 2017, hardware manufacturer Bitmain, described
the would-be hard fork with the increased block size as a Block explorer blockchair.com
"contingency plan", should the bitcoin community decide to /bitcoin-cash
fork implementing SegWit. The first implementation of the /blocks (https://
software was proposed under the name Bitcoin ABC at a blockchair.com/
conference that month. In July 2017, mining pool ViaBTC bitcoin-cash/bl
proposed the name Bitcoin Cash. In July 2017 Roger Ver ocks)
and others stated they felt that adopting BIP 91 (that would
later activate SegWit) favored people who wanted to treat Supply limit 21,000,000[b]
bitcoin as a digital investment rather than as a transactional
a. As of April 2020; halved approximately
currency.[8][13] The fork that created Bitcoin Cash took
every four years.
effect on 1 August 2017.[14] In relation to Bitcoin it is
characterized variously as a spin-off,[15] a strand,[16] a b. The supply will approach, but never
reach, BCH 21 million. Issuance will
product of a hard fork,[17] an offshoot,[18] a clone,[12] a
permanently halt around 2140 at BCH
second version[11] or an altcoin.
20,999,999.9769.

A Hong Kong newspaper likened this to a new version of

word processing software saying:[19]

Bitcoin cash is like a new version of Microsoft Word, which generates documents
that can no longer be opened via the older versions.

At the time of the fork anyone owning bitcoin came into possession of the same number of
Bitcoin Cash units.[20][14] The technical difference between Bitcoin Cash and Bitcoin is that
Bitcoin Cash allows larger blocks in its blockchain than Bitcoin which, in theory, allows it to
process more transactions per second.[21] Bitcoin Cash was the first of the Bitcoin forks, in
which software-development teams modified the original Bitcoin computer code and released
coins with “Bitcoin" in their names, with "the goal of creating money out of thin air".[22] On 1
August 2017 Bitcoin Cash began trading at about $240, while bitcoin traded at about $2,700.[14]
On 20 December 2017 it reached an intraday high of $4,355.62 and then fell 88% to $519.12 on
23 August 2018.[23]

In 2018 Bitcoin Core developer Cory Fields found a bug in the Bitcoin ABC software that would
have allowed an attacker to create a block causing a chain split. Fields notified the development
team about it, and the bug was fixed.[24]

In November 2020, there was a second contested hard fork where the leading node
implementation, BitcoinABC, created BCHA.[25]

Controversy
In 2017 there were two factions Controversy
of Bitcoin supporters: those that The arguments have devolved over three or four years of
supported large blocks and those bitter debate, the principles are real and they are
who preferred small blocks.[21] important to preserve, but a lot of the drama has
The Bitcoin Cash faction favors nothing to do with principles anymore. A lot of this
the use of its currency as a debate is now more about hurt feelings. It’s about
medium of exchange for bruised egos. It’s about things that were said that can’t
commerce, while the Bitcoin- be unsaid, insults that were exchanged, and
supporting faction view Bitcoin's personalities and ego.
primary use as that of a store of
value.[21] Bitcoin Cash is
sometimes also referred to as Andreas Antonopoulos, "The Verge"
Bcash.[26] Bitcoin Cash
detractors call the
cryptocurrency "Bcash", "Btrash", or "a scam", while its supporters maintain that "it is the pure
form of Bitcoin".[21]

Bryan Kelly, a stock analyst likened it to a software upgrade:[27]

Bitcoin cash is doing a “hard fork” or “effectively a software upgrade”, Kelly said on
“Fast Money”. “When you do a software upgrade, everybody usually agrees. But in
this particular case, everybody is not agreeing.”

Samson Mow of Blockstream pointed to Bitcoin Cash's use of the "Bitcoin" name as a source of
animosity between the Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash camps.[21] Emin Gün Sirer, a professor at
Cornell stated that Bitcoin Cash was focused on use and Bitcoin was "enormously" focused on
store of value.[21]

Trading and usage

Bitcoin Cash trades on digital currency exchanges using the
Bitcoin Cash name and the BCH currency code for the
cryptocurrency.[29][30][31] On 26 March 2018, OKEx
removed all Bitcoin Cash trading pairs except for BCH/BTC,
BCH/ETH and BCH/USDT due to "inadequate liquidity".[15]
As of May 2018, daily transaction numbers for Bitcoin Cash
are about one-tenth of those of bitcoin.[15] Coinbase listed Number of Bitcoin Cash
Bitcoin Cash on 19 December 2017 and the coinbase transactions per month (logarithmic
platform experienced price abnormalities that led to an scale)[28]
insider trading investigation.[32] As of August 2018, Bitcoin
Cash payments are supported by payment service providers
such as BitPay, Coinify and GoCoin.[33]

Difficulty adjustment algorithm

Both Bitcoin, as well as Bitcoin Cash, use a proof-of-work algorithm to timestamp every new
block. The proof of work algorithm used is the same in both cases. It can be described as a
partial inversion of a hash function. Additionally, both Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash target a new
block to be generated every ten minutes on average. The time needed to calculate a new block is
influenced by a parameter called the mining difficulty. If the total amount of mining power
increases, an increase of the mining difficulty can keep the block time roughly constant. Vice
versa, if the mining power decreases, a decrease of the mining difficulty can keep the block time
roughly constant.[34]

To keep the block generation time equal to ten minutes on average, both Bitcoin and Bitcoin
Cash use an algorithm adjusting the mining difficulty parameter. This algorithm is called the
difficulty adjustment algorithm (DAA). Originally, both Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash used the same
difficulty adjustment algorithm, adjusting the mining difficulty parameter every 2016 blocks.
Since 1 August 2017, Bitcoin Cash also used an addition to the DAA, called an Emergency
Difficulty Adjustment (EDA) algorithm. EDA was used alongside the original DAA and it was
designed to decrease the mining difficulty of Bitcoin Cash by 20%, if the time difference
between 6 successive blocks was greater than 12 hours.[34]

EDA adjustments caused instabilities in mining difficulty of the Bitcoin Cash system, resulting
in Bitcoin Cash being thousands of blocks ahead of Bitcoin. To address the problem with
stability, a change of the Bitcoin Cash DAA was implemented and the EDA canceled. The change
took effect on 13 November 2017. After the change, the Bitcoin Cash DAA adjusts the mining
difficulty after each block. To calculate the difficulty for a new block, the Bitcoin Cash DAA uses
a moving window of last 144 blocks.[34]

A group of researchers demonstrated that, as of June 2019, Bitcoin DAA fails to generate new
blocks at a constant rate as long as the hash supply is elastic. In contrast to that, the group
demonstrated that Bitcoin Cash DAA is stable even when the cryptocurrency price is volatile
and the supply of hash power is highly elastic.[35]

2018 split to create Bitcoin SV

On 15 November 2018, a hard fork chain split of Bitcoin Bitcoin SV
Cash occurred between two rival factions called Bitcoin Denominations
Cash and Bitcoin SV.[36][37] On 15 November 2018 Bitcoin
Symbol ₿
Cash traded at about $289, and Bitcoin SV traded at about
$96.50, down from $425.01 on 14 November for the un- Code BSV
split Bitcoin Cash.[38] Precision 10^-8

The split originated from what was described as a "civil Development

war" in two competing bitcoin cash camps.[27][39] The first Original Satoshi
camp, supported by entrepreneur Roger Ver and Jihan Wu author(s) Nakamoto
of Bitmain, promoted the software entitled Bitcoin ABC
Project fork of Bitcoin Cash
(short for Adjustable Blocksize Cap), which would maintain
the block size at 32 MB.[39] The second camp led by Craig Ledger
Steven Wright and billionaire Calvin Ayre put forth a Timestamping Proof-of-work
competing software version Bitcoin SV, short for "Bitcoin scheme
Satoshi Vision", which would increase the block size limit to
Block reward 6.25 BSV
128 MB.[36][39]
Block time 10 minutes
The Bitcoin SV blockchain is the largest of all Bitcoin forks, Circulating 18,874,300 BSV
exceeding 2.5 terabytes[a] in size. supply (2021-10-20)

Supply limit 21,000,000

See also Valuation
!"Bitcoin scalability problem Exchange rate $171.45
!"List of bitcoin forks (2021-10-20)

!"List of cryptocurrencies Market cap $3.24 billion

(2021-10-20)

Notes
a. The blockchain size is 2,562.92 GB as of Jan 10 2022. This is 2.5028515625 binary TB
(1024 GB = 1 TB) or 2.56292 decimal TB (1000 GB = 1 TB).
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External links
!"Official website (https://www.bitcoincash.org/)

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bitcoin_Cash&oldid=1071764239"

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