Level Up 9+ Student's Book Edited

Facebook: Fanpage Tài Liệu Tiếng Anh Nâng Cao
CHAPTER 1:
SYNONYM
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1. What the witness said in court was inconsistent with the statement he made to the
police.
A. in agreement with B. relevant to
C. in conflict with D. based on
2. More than 100 people have been killed this year in sporadic outbursts of ethnic
violence.
A. occasional B. harmonious C. neutral D. regular
3. The government has placed tight constraints on spending this year.
A. burdens B. restrictions C. effects D. policies
4. The emphasis on testing leads to greater stress among students and carries implications
of failure.
A. causes B. determinants C. consequences D. considerations
5. This politician tried to cheat the people into the belief that he would work for public
welfare.
A. equality B. security C. assistance D. well-being
6. Throughout the day, repeal supporters argued that the ban on some types of weapons is
arbitrary and unconstitutional.
A. sensible B. rational C. reasonable D. preposterous
7. Many computers have a further field in the instruction, to specify subsidiary

information required by an operation.
A. important B. confidential C. technical D. additional
8. We welcome the government's initiative to help the homeless.
A. plan B. willingness C. enthusiasm D. readiness
9. His theory provides a remarkable insight into the nature of the British constitution.
A. disregard for B. concern about C. sympathy for D. understanding of
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10. Before her death in 1977, Alice Paul helped orchestrate enormous changes in the
rights and status of American women.
A. far-fetched B. far-flung C. far-reaching D. far-sighted
11. Bicycles are regarded as an economical alternative to buses whose fares have
increased 5 times in the past 3 years.
A. lavish B. efficient C. valueless D. pricey
12. The university's exchange scheme for teachers has cemented its links with many
other academic institutions.
A. programme B. opportunity C. scholarship D. framework
13. The teacher gave some suggestions on what could come out for the examination.
A. effects B. symptoms C. hints D. demonstrations
14. During live broadcasts of sports events, television commercials seem to have the
uncanny ability to appear just when something significant develops in the event.
A. mysterious B. outstanding C. innate D. superior
15. He didn’t bat an eyelid when he realized he failed the exam again.
A. wasn’t happy B. wasn’t satisfied
C. didn’t show surprise D. didn’t bother
16. Around 150 B.C. the Greek astronomer Hipparchus developed a system to classify
stars according to brightness.
A. record B. shine C. categorize D. diversify
17. Advertising is also criticised on the grounds that it can manipulate consumers to
follow the will of the advertisers
A. inhibit B. control C. recommend D. forbid
18. The project was denounced as a scandalous waste of public money.
A. installed B. declared C. criticized D. advised
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19. A mediocre student who gets low grades will have trouble getting into an Ivy League
college.
A. average B. lazy C. moronic D. diligent
20. He had never experienced such discourtesy towards the president as it occurred at the
annual meeting in May.
A. politeness B. rudeness C. encouragement D. measurement
21.Those children who stay longer hours at school than at home tend to spend their
formative years in the company of others with similar aims and interests.
A. being separated from peers B. forming a new business company
C. being together with friends D. enjoying the care of parents
22. Some of the little boys sneaked into the ball game without buying a ticket.
A. went secretly B. earned their way
C. ran fast D. entered several times
23. The bus driver left the door ajar so that returning passengers could reboard after the
rest stop.
A. unlocked B. well marked C. well lit D. slightly open
24. Why do people live for fleeting pleasures, don't they want something more significant
and good and profound?
A. benevolent B. brief C. immense D. lasting
25. A simple act of virtue, such as collecting donations for charity, can make a huge
difference to someone's life.
A. goodness B. wickedness C. indecency D. barbarism
26. Thanks to the housemaid, their house is always spick and span.
A. clean and tidy B. high and large
C. cheap and convenient D. bright and clear
27. He left home at the drop of a hat without saying a word.
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A. thoroughly B. visually C. securely D. immediately
28. I don’t believe she is really sad for his death; she is just putting on an act.
A. waiting B. disappointing C. defending D. pretending
29. He tried a lot to get the hang of skiing, and finally succeeded.
A. start to research B. hang the equipment of
C. give up quickly D. learn how to do
30. I am not sure whether those mushrooms are edible.
A. unable to be picked up B. suitable to be eaten
C. able to be researched D. likely to cause harm
31. They substituted the original painting with some copies and sold them to customers.
A. provided B. replaced C. considered D. distributed
32. Those animals are susceptible to cold weather; Let’s make them warm.
A. vulnerable B. incredible C. inaccessible D. inevitable
33. My niece is the apple of my eye: I always want to be her side.
A. the person I love the most B. the person I fear a lot
C. the person I don’t take care of D. the person I don’t visit
34. Sometimes, in order to get things done, you have to take the initiative.
A. make the last decision B. make important changes
C. be the first to act D. sacrifice for others
35. Her talent for music was really an unparalleled ability; she won most music prizes in
the city.
A. incomparable B. compatible C. comprehensive D. inconclusive
36. I couldn’t make out what he was saying as his speech was unclear.
A. retell B. precede C. understand D. conserve
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37. This theory is a synthesis of some old concepts and some modern ones.
A. movement B. combination C. elimination D. development
38. Most citizens show that they uphold the new law completely.
A. support B. disapprove C. increase D. reverse
39. A team will be penalized if its players commit fouls.
A. awarded B. punished C. defeated D. destroyed
40. Shops always prefer wholesale products as they are cheaper.
A. selling step by step B. selling only to some people
C. selling continuously D. selling in large quantities
41. Looking after a naughty child is an uphill task for her.
A. well-paid B. difficult C. normal D. wonderful
42. A father will be his child's role model. He will be the example for his child of what
husbands and fathers are like.
A. someone that others admire and follow
B. someone that others share interest with
C. someone that others love and live with
D. someone that others are fond of with
43. Such problems as haste and inexperience are a universal feature of youth.
A. marked B. separated C. shared D. hidden
44. It is such a prestigious university that only excellent students are entitled to a full
scholarship each year.
A. are given the right to B. are refused the right to
C. have the right to refuse D. have the obligation to
45. The repeated commercials on TV distract many viewers from watching their
favourite films.
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A. businesses B. economics C. advertisements D. contests
46. Although they hold similar political views, their religious beliefs present a striking
contrast.
A. minor comparison B. interesting resemblance
C. significant difference D. complete coincidence
47. These were the people who advocated using force to stop school violence.
A. openly criticised B. publicly said
C. publicly supported D. strongly condemned
48. "A friend in need is a friend indeed": Our friends have voiced their strong criticism of
China’s escalation of tension on our continental shelf.
A. easing the tension B. improving the condition
C. facing the reality D. worsening the situation
49. Even though the mountain was very steep and the climb was hazardous, several
adventurous tourists managed to reach the top.
A. causing a lot of risks B. bringing excitement
C. resulting in depression D. costing a lot of money
50. The overall aim of the book is to help bridge the gap between theory and practice,
particularly in language teaching.
A. increase the understanding B. reduce the differences
C. minimise the limitations D. construct a bridge
51. A second problem is the fact that many renewable power generation sources are
located in remote areas, such as windy uplands and coastal regions.
A. isolated B. crowded C. attractive D. alone
52. Although Smart AI Technology is still in its infancy, pilot schemes to promote and
test it are already underway.
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A. permanent B. complete C. beneficial D. in progress
53. Sailing round Britain single-handed at the age of 18 was just the start; Ellen had long
since set her sights on the Vende.
A. without any help from anyone else. B. using only one of one’s hands to row.
C. on a boat with only one paddle. D. on a boat with only one sail.
54. We cannot be sure that society won’t have slipped backward into an age of barbarism
due to mankind’s failure to solve the scourges of war and pollution.
A. pressures B. afflictions C. worries D. annoyances
55. Teenagers, heavily influenced by the media, are dazzled by well-known Hollywood
stars, famous musicians, Korean singers, and internationally renowned athletes.
A. impressed B. disappointed C. confused D. frightened
56. Students emphasized that being a role model is not confined to those with
international fame or unbelievable wealth.
A. assisted by B. restricted to C. similar to D. influenced by
57. The Impressionists, including the famous artist Van Gogh, wanted to depict
fragmentary moments by the increasingly fast pace of modern life.
A. reorganize B. deform C. represent D. justify
58. The shift from the studio to the open air was made possible in part by the advent of
cheap rail travel.
A. achievement B. acceptance C. arrival D. advantage
59. At the end of the stage in the experiment, 2-year-olds have sophisticated sensorimotor
patterns and are beginning to operate with primitive symbols.
A. limited B. basic C. proximal D. handy
60. There is conclusive evidence for a worldwide recession of mountain glaciers, which
is the clearest evidence for a change in energy balance at the Earth’s surface.
A. definite B. independent C. unique D. valuable
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61. Nowadays, the plethora of choices has improved the quality of life or impacted retail
profits in the form of increased sales.
A. shortage B. decline C. basics D. excess
62. It turns out that some fossils can be extracted from these sediments by putting the
rocks in an acid bath.
A. located B. preserved C. removed D. studied
63. In the 1940’s and 1950’s, biochemists strived to learn why each of the vitamins was
essential for health.
A. failed B. tried C. experimented D. studied
64. There still remained some terrible diseases for which no microbe could be
incriminated: scurvy, pellagra, rickets, and beriberi.
A. investigated B. blamed C. eliminated D. produced
65. It had been a terrible day for him and when he learned finally that he had lost his job,
he simply blew his top.
A. lost his nerve B. lost his courage C. lost his temper D. lost his respect
66. With recent technological advances, however, the search for sunken treasure has
become more popular as a legitimate endeavor.
A. underwater B. broken C. ancient D. hollow
67. For most male spiders courtship is a perilous procedure, for they may be eaten by
females.
A. complicated B. peculiar C. dangerous D. ordinary
68. Infants are especially predisposed to acquire these core aspects of music, and they can
also engage in sound play that clearly exhibits creativity.
A. inclined B. gifted C. pushed D. amused
69. Even if a shipwreck’s treasure does not have a high monetary value, it can be an
invaluable source of historic artifacts that are preserved in nearly mint condition.
A. something perfect B. something significant
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C. something tolerant D. something magical
70. For environmental safety, we need to find ways to reduce emission of fumes and
smoke of factories.
A. leak B. release C. poison D. pollutant
71. We’re surprised to hear that Mozart’s musical talent was nurtured by his loving
parents when he was a child.
A. acknowledged B. abandoned C. fostered D. discovered
72. Acupuncture originated in China and has been used as a traditional medicine for
thousands of years.
A. began B. created C. developed D. introduced
73. President Ho Chi Minh devoted himself to the nation’s revolution, for which reason
he has been considered the ‘Old Father’ of all Vietnamese people.
A. spent B. contributed C. gave up D. dedicated
74. Smartphones are very versatile, as they can do many things like making phone calls,
taking pictures, or listening to music.
A. capable B. flexible C. helpful D. interesting
75. In Viet Nam, it is customary to choose a favourable day for occasions such as
wedding, funerals, or house-moving days.
A. suitable B. favourite C. beautiful D. whole
76. While Tom Spinkler was travelling along Wagon Wheel Road in Big Cypress Swamp
in South Florida, he came across a young snake.
A. run up B. run down C. run into D. run out
77. WWF was set up in 1961 and had its operations in areas such as the preservation of
biological diversity.
A. difference B. abundance C. variety D. plenty
78. Who is the Millionaire is a game show that has attracted many participants since it
was aired in 2005.
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A. breathed B. impacted C. introduced D. broadcasted
79. When applying for a certain job, you’ll be at an advantage if you have hands-on
experience.
A. relevant B. prior C. practical D. considerable
80. The doctor warned his patient not to visit public places without wearing a mask.
A. shouted B. threatened C. punished D. cautioned
81. People who hold optimistic view believe that cities of the future will increase the
general well-being of individuals and societies.
A. health state B. quality of life
C. level of development D. growth rate
82. Scientists hope that this new drug will be a major breakthrough in the fight against
COVID-19.
A. new cure B. important therapy
C. sudden remedy D. dramatic development
83. One advantage of learning going digital is that students no longer have to carry the
weight of papers and textbooks with them to school.
A. conventional B. electric C. computer-based D. modernized
84. Internet search engines can help to predict the weather as well as traffic jams in a
city.
A. announce B. expect C. forecast D. reveal
85. She’s doing well so she was promoted last year. Now she’s in charge of a small team
of four people.
A. controls B. supervises C. takes over D. rules
86. I’ve been working here for over ten years now and I am on first-name terms with
everyone, even the CEO.
A. am proud of everyone B. behave well with everyone
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C. know everyone well D. feel satisfied with everyone
87. When the factory closed, over a hundred people were made redundant.
A. fired B. sacked C. laid off D. appointed
88. Jane used to be very excellent as a child and now she’s the CEO of a big multi-
national company. However, her brother is a blue-collar worker in a small local factory.
A. mental B. low-paid C. manual D. regular
89. With so many daily design resources, how do you stay up-to-date with technology
without spending too much time on it?
A. connect to Internet all day B. update new status
C. get latest information D. use social network daily
90. Her style of dress was conservative. She never wears items that are too tight, short or
low-cut.
A. high-fashion B. traditional C. trendy D. up to date
91. This is especially important in the age of globalisation, where countries face a
daunting challenge to preserve their own cultural identities.
A. intimidating B. difficult C. seldom D. urging
92. Once you have been accepted as a pupil or student at the school or college, it’s
against the law for them to discriminate against you because of your religion or belief.
A. judge B. neglect C. abuse D. expel
93. Once a poster child for the wages of web indiscretion, she has become a virtuoso of
managed self-revelation.
A. ace B. genius C. prodigy D. professor
94. The shop assistant was totally bewildered by the customer’s behavior when she
insisted on being refunded .
A. disgusted B. puzzled C. angry D. upset
95. The notoriously lazy man was found unconscious in his flat this morning.
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A. insensible B. dead C. asleep D. drunk
96. Although Mallory had consistently refused to go out with Kevin, he pleaded with her
to reconsider and give him a chance.
A. give him a break B. give him an appointment
C. give him a place D. give him a space
97. Talking about your feeling can help you get clear about what you feel.
A. control B. banish C. get rid of D. figure out
98. Father had promised to go to the Animal show with us, but at the last moment he
decided not to go.
A. threw out B. copped out C. stopped D. halted
99. The Federal Court judge threw the book at him, and recommended no parole.
A. give him a harsh sentence B. hit him with a book
C. feed him as much as possible D. make him read the book
100. Unless I miss my guess, your computer needs a new hard drive.
A. you are my guess B. I break the soft drive
C. I make a mistake D. you lack money
101. I am looking for a dependable person who can stand out for me at the meeting.
A. dependent B. talented C. energetic D. reliable
102. Wow, I’m all at sea with these new regulations.
A. satisfied B. bored C. confused D. impatient
103. She came to the meeting late on purpose so she would miss the introductory
speech.
A. aiming at B. intentionally C. reasonably D. with a goal
104. In the end her neighbour decided to speak his mind.
A. say exactly what he thought B. say a few words
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C. have a chat D. are given the right to
105. These rugged mountains in New York State are famous for the summer hotels that
sprang up in the region during the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s.
A. operated vigorously B. spread out
C. burst forth D. joined together
106. Have you ever read about a famous general in Japanese history who was
very incredulous?
A. unimaginable B. excellent C. incredible D. skeptical
107. Her father is the man who owns all the land in this area and is ‘the big fish’ around
here.
A. the fat man B. the huge man
C. the important man D. the enormous man
108. I’m looking forward to her new novel, which is published next week.
A. comes out B. comes over C.comes off D. comes up
109. The notice should be put in the most conspicuous place so that all the students in
our school can be well-informed.
A. popular B. beautiful C. suspicious D. easily seen
110. I think we can safely say now that we have got our money back, we are home and
dry.
A. have been successful B. have not got wet
C. have got no water D. have got home dry
111. Scholars have deciphered other ancient languages, such as Sumerian and
Babylonian, which used the cuneiform script, because of the fortuitous discovery of
bilingual inscriptions.
A. important B. immediate C. early D. lucky
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112. The Rosetta stone thwarted scholars’ efforts for several decades until the early
19th century when several key hieroglyphic phrases were decoded using the Greek
inscriptions.
A. continued B. influenced C. encouraged D. frustrated
113. In most countries, including our nation Vietnam, compulsory military service does
not apply to women.
A. superior B. mandatory C. beneficial D. constructive
114. Few businesses are flourishing in the present economic climate, when most shops
and retails have to close because of the lockdown order.
A. taking off B. setting up C. growing well D. closing down
115. As children we were very close, but as we grew up we just drifted apart.
A. not as friendly as before B. not as serious as before
C. not as sympathetic as before D. not as childlike as before
116. Did she get the better of you in the argument as to wether milk is good for our
health?
A. try to beat B. gain a disadvantage over
C. gain an advantage over D. try to be better than
117. I missed two assignments. I must make them up by the end of this week.
A. hand them in B. do them twice
C. compensate for them D. go over them
118. The power of advertising is the main drive behind soaring sales of deluxe goods.
A. luxury B. durable C. inferior D. tangible
119. Every house in the street has been demolished to make way for a new highway.
A. exploded B. torn up C.removed D. torn down
120. Laws on promoting economic developmentan scientifil research since 1986 still hold
good.
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A. remain for good B. are still in good condition
C. stand in life D. remain in effect
121. His new yacht, which is worth over 1 million dollars, is certainly
an ostentatious display of his wealth.
A. showy B. expensive C. large D. ossified
122. The hiring of the new city manager will make a difference in how things are run
around here.
A. change the future situation B. differ
C. cause a change D. vary
123. Henry really drives me to the edge because he never stops complaining with me
about even the most trivial problems.
A. frightens me B. moves me C. steers me D. irritates me
124. The whole city of Hiroshima was wiped out in the nuclear bombing raids by the end
of WW2.
A. cleaned well B. removed quickly
C. changed completely D. destroyed completely
125. The phrase civil disobedience is usually attributed to the nineteenth-century

American philosopher Henry David Thoreau.
A. explained to B. suited to C. glued to D. credited to
126. Improved methods of fabricating optical fibers have led to a reduction in fiberscope
diameter and an increase in the number of fibers, which in turn has increased resolution.
A. strength B. sharpness C. inconvenience D . efficiency
127. I see Jack’s boasting again. I’ve heard him telling everyone he’s the best football
player in our class.
A. holding his tongue B. speaking too much
C. blowing his own trumpet D. pulling my leg
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128. Shirley had no idea what made her father irritated one minute and jovial the next.
A. incredulous B. merry C. revolting D. dizzy
129. Recent studies have shown that where cell phone use has increased in Africa, the
economy has been strengthened and the people are better off.
A. more economically comfortable B. more healthy
C. able to travel farther D. more relaxed
130. I think it may be pertinent at this point to raise the question of how the new
department will be funded.
A. hasty B. impulsive C. appropriate D. irrelevant
131. After the severe storm in the Central of Vietnam, many families felt that everything
they hold dear had been destroyed.
A. have B. hold gently C. love D. reveal
132. The team leader saw to it that the work was finished on time.
A. decided B. made sure C. could prove D. was informed
133. There have been problems with respect to transferring the data from the old
computer to the new one.
A. in relation to B. in view of C. involving D. diagnosed with
134. Edna Ferber (1887-1968) embarked on her career by working as a newspaper

reporter in Winsconsin ans soon began writing novels.
A. took a trip to B. started out on
C. improved upon D. had an opinion about
135. Hanoi Medical University is affiliated with several hospitals in the city and also in
other provinces.
A. owned by B. founded by
C. associated with D. reorganized with
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136. There is a beautiful little park adjacent to the house we’re going to buy on the
outskirts of that town.
A. opposite B. close to C. behind D. in front of
137. Finally, Warner Brothers took a chance with the 1927 film, the Jazz Singer, which
starred popular recording artist Al Jolson and featured both singing and talking.
A. behaved randomly B. lost an opportunity
C. took a risk D. had good fortune
138. Some people try to suggest that the education offered in public schools is inferior to
that of private schools, but I don’t agree.
A. of lower quality than B. different from
C. the same as D. much better than
139. I was shown the door when I asked my boss for a raise in my salary and a reduction
in my working hour.
A. allowed to see the door B. asked to leave the room
C. told where to go D. asked to open the door
140. My father worked as an amateur translator for the local newspaper prior to
becoming an ESL teacher.
A. rather than B. as well as C. besides D. before
141. He is behind the eight ball at the moment and risks being evicted from his
apartment this month.
A. in a difficult situation B. in a favorable condition
C. in a dangerous situation D. in a wonderful mood
142. -:” Was Sophia pleased about getting high marks in the last exam?”
-:” She was on cloud nine!”
A. extremely happy B. very emotional
C. unbelievably angry D. quite calm
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143. Maria has a soft spot for Micheal because he can make her laugh a lot.
A. hates B. despises C. loves D. concerns
144. You can't sit on the fence any longer - you have to decide your future job.
A. be uncertain B. be uncareful C. be unwilling D. be intolerant
145. Having worked for more than 10 hours, she thinks it's time to call it a day.
A. continue to work B. take a break
C. have a meal D. give it up
146. Police were called in when the strike began to get out of hand.
A. undecided B. uncontrollable C. unforgiving D. unchanged
147. I was really happy when she said she also loved me but then I realized she was just
pulling my leg.
A. hurting me B. hating me C. teasing me D. loving me
148. I used to be very good at maths but now it seems I have lost my touch.
A. been rusty B. been excellent C. been stable D. been disappointed
149. My parents were up in arms about my coming home late last night.
A. pleased B. provoked C. appeased D. excited
150. My mom told me he was a bad friend so I needed to keep him at bay.
A. stay away from him B. hang out with him
C. keep in touch with him D. get on with him
151. Much to their disappointment, their start-up project fell through, though it had been
carefully planned.
A. failed B. expanded C. succeeded D. removed
152. The construction of this factory will bring about an increase in the pollution level of
this area.
A. cause B. demand C. avoid D. equal
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153. Tom is carrying out a survey on how teenagers spend their free time nowadays.
A. deciding B. producing C. conducting D. minding
154. I have come up against a big financial problem. Now, I don’t know what to do.
A. dealt with B. sympathized with
C. agreed with D. engaged with
155. What exactly are you driving at with a critical statement like that? If you have a
problem with my work, just tell me.
A. avoiding B. alluring C. insinuating D. contemplating
156. We had to fall back on our personal savings to pay our unexpected debt.
A. access to B. rely on C. believe in D. go with
157. The police stopped the van because it was giving off a lot of black smoke.
A. emitting B. liberating C. allowing D. conducting
158. They have knocked down that old building. The neighbors are suffering from
extreme noise.
A. abolished B. disassembled C. demolished D. degraded
159. I sent her a bunch of flowers to make up for my rude behaviors last night.
A. compensate for B. prepare for C. strive for D. allow for
160. His rude behaviors can be put down to his terrible upbringing.
A. reduced to B. admitted to C. attributed to D. exposed to
161. She is always diplomatic when she deals with aggressive students
A. outspoken B. firm C. tactful D. stern
162. The match has been cancelled because of adverse weather conditions.
A. invincible B. indefensible C. unfavorable D. unacceptable
163. He can afford the tuition of this private school because his parents are very affluent.
A. sincere B. supportive C. wealthy D. eminent

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164. I couldn’t understand the meaning of this word so I asked John, but he gave me an
ambiguous explanation.
A. vague B. clear C. definite D. distinct
165. Kangaroos are indigenous to Australia and have been the symbol of this country.
A. native B. attracted C. relative D. enticed
166. The pilot’s negligence led to a catastrophic accident involving the deaths of 30
people.
A. fortunate B. terrific C. abundant D. disastrous
167. She is renowned for her charitable activities that have given support to millions of
people worldwide.
A. unknown B. criticized C. approved D. celebrated
168. It’s very intricate to assemble this juicer since there are more than ten separate parts.
A. complex B. basic C. straightforward D. expensive
169. It was courageous of her to challenge the managing director's decision.
A. coward B. plucky C. lucky D. ill-considered
170. It looks like an old building but this appearance is deceptive.
A. sincere B. conspicuous C. symbolic D. misleading
171. Compared to other groups in society, the youth in general have greater desire to
achieve self-esteem, status or recognition.
A. self-worth B. self-absorption C. self-identity D. self-motivation
172. Radar equipment is used to detect enemy aircraft, which is an astounding

breakthrough of human history.
A. find the position of B. made an attack on
C. give an account of D. take offence at
173. Students are expected to always adhere to school regulations.
A. question B. violate C. disregard D. follow

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174. Sustainability is becoming much more mainstream and increasing numbers of

businesses are genuinely adopting good environmental and social practices.
A. generally accepted B. highly debatable
C. unfairly stereotyped D. overly privileged
175. We decided to pay for the furniture on the instalment plan.
A. monthly payment B. cash and carry
C. credit card D. piece by piece
176. The augmentation in the population has created a fuel shortage.
A. increase B. necessity C. demand D. decrease
177. Notwithstanding a steady decline in numbers, the school has had a very successful
year.
A. regardless of B. due to C. in spite of D. instead of
178. He has overcome a lot of impediments along his way but he manages to move
forward.
A. obstacles B. permits C. fortunes D. favors
179. Extroverts tend to be gregarious and amiable. They gain energy from rubbing
shoulders with others.
A. spending time socially with B. making fun of
C. staying away from D. engaging in arguments with
180. Being responsible is a prerequisite for achieving success in life.
A. rule B. skill C. expense D. condition
181. Changes are being introduced to make the department operate more efficiently.
A. function B. appear C. collaborate D. activate
182. We really appreciate your help with our financial problems.
A. value B. disregard C. care D. accept
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183. Tourists today flock to see the two falls that actually constitute Niagara falls.
A. come without knowing what they will see
B. come in large numbers
C. come out of boredom
D. come by plane
184. Things have unfolded in a way that no one could have expected.
A. developed B. concealed C. opened D. ended
185. Instead of simply punishing them, the system encourages offenders to modify their
behaviors.
A. explain B. blame C. decide D. improve
186. The boy was embarrassed when his mother scolded him in the public.
A. humiliated B. distracted C. proud D. offended
187. The image presented in the media show us celebrities enjoying an enviable lifestyle:
they live in huge mansions, drive expensive cars, and wear the latest in high fashion.
A. a desirable B. a lavish C. a sedentary D. a healthy
188. One alternative form of punishment is community service, which is an excellent way
for offenders to make amends for their crimes.
A. compensate for B. deter from C. reflect on D. recover from
189. He felt that moving out of his parents' home was a real milestone in his life.
A. an important event B. an unusual occurrence
C. a difficult time D. a foolish decision
190. The government prepared for the coming drought season by implementing water
conservation plans.
A. putting into operation B. coming into conflict
C. getting into trouble D. taking into consideration
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191. It is believed that the plane crash was caused by electrical malfunction of its
navigation system.
A. breakthrough B. break-in
C. breakdown D. breakup
192. Gary doesn't always see eye to eye with his father, and this is where the honesty
shows through.
A. agree with B. be opposed to C. look up to D. take after
193. Stop the degradation of the planet's natural environment and build a future in which
humans live in harmony with nature.
A. coexist peacefully with B. fall in love with
C. agree with D. cooperate with
194. The building had originally been a manor house and must have looked beautiful in
its heyday.
A. the beginning stage B. period of trial
C. a phase of depression D. a time of great success
195. Although the general manager is officially in charge, everyone knows his deputy is
really in the driving seat.
A. out of control B. on duty
C. abusing power D. in control of a situation
196 A rumor is floating about that the businessman is getting ready to waste millions
again in a futile attempt to become governor, but that's relevant only to the coyotes who
will take his money.
A. concealing B. circulating C. obscuring D. covering
197. The new system for assessing claims is expected to come into operation early next
month.
A. finish working B. start working
C. continue working D. postpone working
24
198. We can only give you the approximate number of refugees crossing the border at
the moment.
A. a sort of B. a bit of C. a variety of D. a deluge of
199. The ministry of Defense has been holding up the decision to withdraw from the
military action for the past several months.
A. carrying off B. putting off C. playing down D. giving up
200. If two people in a romantic relationship are lovey-dovey, they show their love for
each other in public by touching each other and saying loving things.
A. lovesick B. romantic C. demonstrative D. affectionate
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CHAPTER 2:
ANTONYM
26
1. Autosuggestive techniques can help in the treatment of diseases which cannot be cured
by conventional medicine.
A. ordinary B. popular C. essential D. alternative
2. John received constant physical and psychological abuse from his father.
A. repeatedly B. brutal C. potent D. irregular
3. The use of violence and the level of repression have a direct bearing on movement
outcomes.
A. upshots B. results C. origins D. sequels
4. The child's parents or guardians must give their consent before she has the operation.
A. permission B. sanction C. compliance D. rejection
5. Friendly contacts between different peoples facilitate the cultural and economic
interchange.
A. hinder B. promote C. simplify D. expedite
6. His writing is so diffuse and obscure that it is difficult to make out what it is he is
trying to say.
A. ambiguous B. vague C. straightforward D. enigmatic
7. Resources are finite, and choices have to be made between competing priorities and
needs.
A. scant B. limited C. deficient D. endless
8. We offer you a comprehensive training in all aspects of the business.
A. extensive B. restricted C. thorough D. exhaustive
9. The legislature passed a law to prohibit the dumping of nuclear waste.
A. forbid B. impede C. outlaw D. approve
10. This agreement is very ambiguous and open to various interpretations.
A. vague B. obscure C. obvious D. complex
27
11. The renewal licence will commence on the date your application is received in the
Driver Licensing Central Office.
A. expire B. begin C. extend D. remain
12. Inflation is likely to accelerate this year, adding further upward pressure on interest
rates.
A. soar B. rise C. drop D. boost
13. Bonus or incentive pay will fluctuate based upon company, division, or group
performance.
A. escalate B. remain C. skyrocket D. vary
14. These countries are characterized by highly dynamic economies.
A. static B. changing C. unsteady D. erratic
15. Harvest festival was the occasion for the collective expression of a community's
religious values.
A. shared B. emotional C. individual D. common
16. Businesses have become increasingly reliant on complicated computing systems.
A. dependent on B. concerned about
C. cautious about D. separated from
17. Though he's not clever, he's a diligent worker and has often done well in the
examinations.
A. conscientious B. capable C. idle D. attentive
18. He made a rash decision and now he is suffering for it.
A. reckless B. thoughtful C. irresponsible D. hasty
19. In remote communities, it’s important to replenish stocks before the winter sets in.
A. remake B. empty C. refill D. repeat
20. There has been no discernible improvement in the noise levels since lorries were
banned.
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A. clear B. obvious C. thin D. insignificant
21. The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.
A. explicit B. implicit C. obscure D. odd
22. He decided not to buy the fake watch and wait until he had more money.
A. authentic B. forger C. faulty D. original
23. An eminent psychologist who expanded our knowledge of how children think and
develop was a Swiss named Jean Piaget.
A. renowned B. prominent C. clever D. obscure
24. Albert Bandura, who began his career at Stanford University in 1953, stressed the
importance of observation, imitation, and modelling in learning.
A. emphasized B. downplayed C. underscored D. affirmed
25. His observations, which were truly original when first published in 1936, were
described as being so obvious that it took a genius to think of them.
A. unusual B. impressive C. outdated D. interesting
26. The new worker was reprimanded for his serious mistakes.
A. required B. blamed C. praised D. exchanged
27. After five days on trial, the court found him innocent of the crime and he was
released.
A. guilty B. naive C. benevolent D. innovative
28. A chronic lack of sleep may make us irritable and reduces our motivation to work.
A. uncomfortable B. responsive C. calm D. miserable
29. We'd better speed up if we want to get there in time.
A. slow down B. turn down C. put down D. lie down
30. We run a very tight ship here, and we expect all our employees to be at their desks
by eight o'clock and take good care of their own business.
A. organize things inefficiently B. manage an inflexible system

29
C. run faster than others D. have a good voyage
31. Any student who neglects his or her homework is unlikely to do well at school.
A. approves of B. attends to C. puts off D. looks for
32. Drivers are advised to get enough petrol because filling stations are few and far
between on the highway.
A. easy to find B. difficult to access
C. unlikely to happen D. impossible to reach
33. In some Western cultures, people who avoid eye contact in a conversation are
regarded as untrustworthy.
A. embarrassed B. quiet C. reliable D. suspicious
34. As a sociable boy, Jack enjoys spending his free time going out with friends.
A. mischievous B. outgoing C. caring D. shy
35. They were discussing the best way to foster democracy and prosperity in the former
communist countries.
A. promote B. cultivate C. uphold D. hinder
36. Today students are under a lot of pressure due to the high expectations from their
parents and teachers.
A. nervousness B. emotion C. stress D. relaxation
37. The image presented in the media show us celebrities enjoying an enviable lifestyle:
they live in huge mansions, drive expensive cars, and wear the latest in high fashion.
A. desirable B. superior C. savory D. rejected
38. If you are at a loose end tomorrow, why don't we spend the day sunbathing and
relaxing on the beach?
A. having a lot to do B. having nothing to do
C. having nothing to lose D. having a lot to gain
39. You should not wear casual clothes when coming to a job interview.
30
A. vital B. normal C. formal D. total
40. Do you believe in eternal friendship in which the friends never betray one another?
A. temporary B. lasting C. potential D. suitable
41. The captain ordered the soldiers to gather on the double, even though they were
sleeping.
A. intensively B. increasingly C. hesitantly D. immediately
42. It is widely known that the excessive use of pesticides is producing a detrimental
effect on the local groundwater.
A. useless B. harmless C. damaging D. fundamental
43. Sorry, I can’t come to your party. I am snowed under with work at the moment.
A. busy with B. free from C. tired of D. interested in
44. The coming exams caused her a lot of distress and exhaustion.
A. worry B. action C. ease D. doubt
45. It's not a pleasant feeling to discover you've been taken for a ride by a close friend.
A. driven away B. deceived deliberately
C. given a lift D. treated with sincerity
46. She is a very generous old woman. She has given most of her wealth to a charity
organization.
A. mean B. amicable C. kind D. hospitable
47. In some countries, the disease burden could be prevented through environmental
improvements.
A. something to suffer B. something enjoyable
C. something sad D. something to entertain
48. Affluent families find it easier to support their children financially.
A. Well-off B. Impoverished
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C. Wealthy D. Privileged
49. Vietnam’s admission to the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has promoted its trade
relations with other countries.
A. boosted B. expanded C. restricted D. balanced
50. There weren't many tough questions in the exam, so I could answer most of them.
A. simple B. difficult C. important D. interesting
51. This new washing machine is not a patch on our old one. These clothes are still dirty.
A. to be expensive B. to be broken C. to be strange D. to be better
52. Solving this type of mathematical problem is child’s play if you’ve done it many
times.
A. so childish B. easy C. challenging D. undemanding
53. If you say bad things about the person who gives you a job, you bite the hand that
feeds you.
A. be unfriendly B. be ungrateful C. be thankful D. be devoted
54. The new cow-boy film catches the fancy of the children. They have watched it since
the morning.
A. attracts B. amuses C. bores D. amazes
55. I could see the finish line and thought I was home and dry. I have put in a lot of effort
for this moment.
A. unsuccessful B. pessimistic C. hopeless D. humorous
56. It is a really difficult matter to decide how to solve now. I will need time to think
twice.
A. consider carelessly B. accept immediately
C. refuse at once D. consider carefully
57. He didn’t bat an eyelid when he realized he failed the exam again.
A. was very surprised B. didn’t show surprise

32
C. was very disappointed D. didn’t care at all
58. You need to keep abreast of the current events. You look so clueless when I mention
the result of the election.
A. keep up with B. obtain information
C. become outmoded D. bring about
59. If the world’s tropical forests continue to disappear at their present rate, many animal
species will die out.
A. be extinct B. remain unharmed
C. continue to live D. get bigger
60. Sporadic conflict is inevitable among families and the way families choose to
approach issues can make a colossal difference.
A. negligible B. substantial C. enormous D. significant
61. The government is not prepared to put up with this situation any longer.
A. escape from B. differ from C. result in D. disagree with
62. Not until all their demands had been turned down did the workers decide to go on
strike for more welfare.
A. rejected B. accepted C. removed D. encountered
63. Only the graduates are eligible for this job as it requires a lot of intensive knowledge.
A. qualified B. adequate C. unfit D. suitable
64. He is a very vigorous student. He always engages in social activities at school.
A. energetic B. active C. agreeable D. feeble
65. Formal dress is compulsory at this meeting where a lot of big figures will show up.
A. optional B. obligatory C. necessary D. unavoidable
66. He has come up with an ingenious idea of solving the company’s financial problems.
A. clever B. effective C. inventive D. unimaginative
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67. There is an implicit threat of using mobile phones. You can’t be sure what radioactive
waves will do to your health.
A. obvious B. indirect C. hidden D. incentive
68. His aggression was inevitable as he had been through a lot of pressures.
A. unexpected B. predictable C. foreseeable D. immovable
69. After winning a national lottery, he squandered it frivolously.
A. thoughtlessly B. ineffectively C. professionally D. seriously
70. At the concert, he showed his exceptional ability to sing these high notes.
A. remarkable B. fearless C. mediocre D. extraordinary
71. Kindness is intrinsic in his personality as he has received good care and love from his
parents from the start.
A. explicit B. integral C. essential D. acquired
72. Smallpox is a fatal disease that used to claim the lives of millions of people in the
past.
A. wholesome B. lethal C. ill-intentioned D. unforthcoming
73. I think his rules are quite rigid. If he wants to succeed, he needs to change his
opinions in some circumstances.
A. stiff B. flexible C. severe D. fundamental
74. It is not a valid argument. You can’t say that you can get a promotion just because
you haven’t been late for work.
A. illegal B. rational C. unusual D. unconvincing
75. Marriage is just his peripheral concern. He has set his heart on becoming a successful
business man for the rest of his life.
A. marginal B. central C. unimportant D. simple
76. Her knowledge of world history is very extensive. She can tell you the stories of
many dynasties from different countries.
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A. restricted B. broad C. widespread D. general
77. Small businesses have proliferated in the last ten years, which have provided a lot of
jobs for local people.
A. dwindled B. expanded C. replicated D. admitted
78. The fashion industry in this country is prospering since people are paying more
attention to their appearance.
A. succeeding B. flourishing C. declining D. destroying
79. TEFL.com is a website which offers a job research facility to assist qualified students
in finding work.
A. help B. aid C. support D. hinder
80. Different forms of justifiable punishment can contribute to promoting children’s

ability to differentiate between right and wrong.
A. legitimate B. brutal C. severe D. ridiculous
81. He maintained that he had seen her steal his phone.
A. insisted B. denied C. supported D. declared
82. She is not worth our respect as she has abandoned her children.
A. walked out on B. leaved C. given up on D. kept
83. In order to curb the unemployment rate in this country, the government should create
policies that can attract international corporations.
A. control B. limit C. promote D. improve
84. They have not made any effort to integrate with the local community.
A. cooperate B. put together C. separate D. connect
85. He was ostracised by his colleagues for refusing to support the strike.
A. crucified B. included C. patronized D. lionized
86. The bank announced that it was to merge with another of the high street banks.
A. separate B. assemble C. collaborate D. coordinate

35
87. Urbanization is the shift of people moving from rural to urban areas, and the result is
the growth of cities.
A. movement B. maintenance C. variation D. transmission
88. I believe he has full competence to do that job. He is a very intelligent and
responsible man.
A. bravery B. proficiency C. failure D. ability
89. There is a disparity in the way people from different cultures view money.
A. contradiction B. compromise C. steadiness D. harmony
90. He has no hesitation to tell me his secrets. We have known each other since we are a
child.
A. willingness B. qualms C. reluctance D. restriction
91. You should be more polite to your teacher, she has very little tolerance for bad
behavior.
A. agreement B. forbearance C. disapproval D. acceptance
92. She could not hide her dismay at the result. She has worked really hard for this exam.
A. disappointment B. depression C. happiness D. pessimism
93. I clearly remember talking to him in a chance meeting last summer.
A. unplanned B. deliberate C. accidental D. unintentional
94. In the dawn of space exploration, the notion that atmospheric conditions on Earth
may be unique in the solar system was strengthened.
A. outcome B. continuation C. beginning D. end
95. John stayed at home from work yesterday because he was feeling under the weather.
A. unwell B. sick C. unhealthy D. fine
96. With her sophisticated tastes, the singer has become an omnipresent icon of style and
beauty.
A. oblivious B. controversial C. ubiquitous D. unknown
36
97. The works of such men as the English philosophers John Locke and Thomas Hobbes
helped pave the way for academic freedom in the modern sense.
A. terminate B. prevent C. initiate D. lighten
98. No one knew precisely what would happen to a human being in space.
A. correctly B. flexibly C. falsely D. formally
99. She is gratified to accept this invitation as she will be able to meet a lot of people of
the same interests.
A. overjoyed B. unpleased C. miserable D. innocent
100. The dim lights made it hard to see, so Ben squinted to make out the stranger’s face
in the distance.
A. faint B. muted C. weak D. strong
101. I’ll be thinking of you and hoping that you have good luck on the day of your
interview.
A. keep my fingers crossed for you
B. wish ill upon you
C. wish the ground would open up and swallow you
D. lay my fingers on you
102. The houses in the immediate vicinity of the blast were badly damaged.
A. across the street B. within stone’s throw
C. in the neighborhood D. beyond the horizon
103. If you ask me, the Chinese restaurant at the center of the city has seen better days,
I’m afraid.
A. in bad condition B. the worse for wear
C. in good repair D. beyond repair
104. The professional sprinter was robbed of victory at the finishing line in last week’s
World Championship.
37
A. was on his beam ends B. fought a losing battle
C. took a battering D. carried the day
105. Don’t wrap your children in cotton wool - let them play with the others at school.
A. overprotect your children B. mollycoddle your children
C. overindulge your children D. ignore your children
106. Provided that you live within your means at this luxurious and glamorous
metropolis, you won’t get into debt.
A. live within your budget B. are a spendthrift
C. do some penny-pinching D. save for a rainy day
107. Getting an earnest apology from such a headstrong man like him was like getting
blood out of a stone.
A. out of the question B. contrary to reason
C. hundred-to-one D. a piece of cake
108. The seemingly reticent boy in our class has greater depths to him than you may
think.
A. has a more complex personality B. has a simpler personality
C. has a more unique personality D. has a more mysterious personality
109. The rock concert last night was a complete sell-out, so we couldn’t go.
A. there was no ticket left B. there were some tickets left
C. the ticket price was too high D. the ticket price was too low
110. Other issues take the back seat other than concerns about job and public safety.
A. take a less important position than B. are of more paramount significance than
C. can be tackled more easily than D. raise more controversy than
111. The actor gave a very run-of-the-mill performance, and the critics expressed their
disapproval in their reports the following days.
38
A. mediocre B. undistinguished
C. exceptional D. average
112. Sharon is such a positive person – she makes light of her problems whatever they
are.
A. plays down B. gives little weight to
C. shrugs off D. exaggerates
113. My close relative made no bones about recommending me for the job at the local
hospital.
A. had some hesitation in B. talked as man to man
C. were quite frank and certain about D. had no qualms about
114. I shouldn’t go outside without a raincoat because it’s raining cats and dogs.
A. it’s just started to rain B. it’s raining very heavily
C. it’s going to rain D. it’s raining a little
115. His flat looks so spick and span that it’s difficult to believe he just had a party last
night.
A. in apple-pie order B. neat as a button
C. in good order D. messed up
116. My mother nearly had kittens when I said I was going to buy a motorbike.
A. let the cat out of the bag B. put the cat among the pigeons
C. kept her head D. got out of the rat race
117. The new rule on wearing uniforms at our school will be put into force next
semester.
A. be applied B. be implemented
C. take effect D. be abolished
118. Harvey took the liberty of ordering some new equipment for the office.
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A. ordered at his disposal B. was granted the permission to order
C. ordered of his own free will D. was given the freedom to order
119. You should always be grateful for what you are given.
A. not look a gift horse in the mouth
B. hear straight from the horse’s mouth
C. avoid setting the cart before the horse
D. never flog a dead horse
120. The rich kid in my class paid an arm and a leg for those new Gucci jeans.
A. paid a little money for B. paid a small fortune for
C. splashed out on D. forked out money on
121. You don’t have to worry too much - We will cross the bridge when we come to it.
A. deal with the problem later when it happens
B. immediately take into account the possible problem
C. tackle the problem with uncertainty
D. address the problem at grass-root level
122. The numerous awards and trophies on his wall bear a testimony to his great success
as an athlete.
A. corroborate B. disprove C. substantiate D. verify
123. It is in your best interests to give up resistance and to cooperate.
A. is beneficial for you B. does you great harm
C. is up to you D. is none of your business
124. He has had a grudge against me ever since I was promoted over him.
A. has been on good terms with B. has had an aversion to
C. has felt malice towards D. has cast aspersions on
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125. His career as a doctor has been put in jeopardy because of his irresponsible attitude.
A. out on a limb B. on the line
C. out of harm’s way D. on the spot
126. Old workers are too senile and feeble to handle demanding work assignments.
A. fragile B. firm C. cautious D. reckless
127. My cousin tends to look on the bright side in any circumstance.
A. be confident B. be optimistic C. be pessimistic D. be smart
128. His physical condition was not an impediment to his career as a violinist. He has
won a lot of prizes.
A. difficulty B. barrier C. advantage D. pitfall
129. It’s difficult to tell him to give in because he is so big-headed.
A. wise B. generous C. modest D. arrogant
130. Tony was so absorbed in his assignment that he forgot all about his dinner in the
oven.
A. distracted from B. busy with C. interested in D. obliged to
131. I was going to have a go at parachuting but lost my nerve at the last minute.
A. was determined to go ahead B. lost my temper
C. was discouraged from trying D. grew out of it
132. For eliminating pollution, one can switch to alternative and renewable energy
sources like bio fuels instead of depending on non-renewable fossil fuels that only helps
in polluting our planet.
A. change for the better B. substitute for the unavailable
C. make no change at all D. find a replacement for
133. Because of his disease, the doctor advised him to abstain from alcohol and meat.
However, he seems not to follow this advice.
A. continue B. desist C. increase D. undermine

41
134. The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his
absence.
A. discredit B. disrespect C. dislike D. distrust
135. It's not beyond the realm of possibility that some schools may have to cut sport
altogether.
A. possible B. impossible C. unlikely D. certain
136. Steve was very happy in his job until he fell out with his boss. After that, it was
difficult for them to work together.
A. made up with B. made for C. made out D. made off
137. His lawyer thought he had a good chance of being acquitted at the trial, if no further
evidence was found.
A. found guilty B. declared innocent
C. advised of appealing D. released unconditionally
138. My teacher required us to present our report of the survey's result in black and white
in order for her to see our points easily.
A. clearly B. ambiguously C. thoroughly D. obviously
139. His performance stood head and shoulders above the rest.
A. was better than B. was worse than
C. became higher than D. became cheaper than
140. It was obvious that the deal was no longer tenable, so we kicked it into touch.
A. measure it B. mention it C. forgot it D. approved it
141. She waved her hand about, ostentatiously displaying her large diamond ring.
A. expensively B. showily C. enormously D. humbly
142. The best hope of avoiding downmarket tabloid TV futures lies in the pressure
currently being put on the networks to clean up their act.
A. expensive B. famous C. poor quality D. uncreative
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143. Teenagers can become addicted to social networking if they can't control what they
spend online.
A. dependent on B. hooked on C. indifferent to D. exhausted by
144. Then the strangest thing happens - Will and Marcus strike up an unusual friendship.
A. cover up B. give up C. make up D. take up
145. Don’t get angry with such a thing. It’s only a storm in a teacup.
A. a serious problem B. a trivial thing
C. a commercial tension D. a ﬁnancial issue
146. He's really out of shape, so he'd better start exercising. Otherwise, he won't be able
to join us on the hiking trip next month.
A. out of work B. unhealthy and stressed
C. physically fit D. always joyful
148. The matches went on till as late as 10 p.m. on Saturday and even then the A division
final had to be carried over to the next day.
A. brought forward B. put out
C. moved out D. pull off
149. Urbanization is the triumph of the unnatural over the natural, the grid over the
organic.
A. failure B. effort C. power D. side
150. Successful desert plants are resilient to scorching summers and frigid winters,
drought, and high-salt conditions.
A. rigid B. flexible C. tough D. sturdy
151. Danny put the cat among the pigeons by suggesting that the company might have to
make some redundancies.
A. made other people disappointed B. made other people nervous
C. made a lot of people satisfied D. made a lot of people worried .
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152. If a friend is usually very smart but suddenly doesn't understand a simple joke, you
might say he is thick.
A. slow to learn new things B. clever at telling jokes
C. quick to understand everything D. not interested in funny stories
153. The water workers' claim for a 10 percent pay rise has been under consideration by
the government.
A. neglected B. concentrated C. suspected D. bethought
154. Joe's been walking with a spring in his step ever since he found out he was getting a
promotion.
A. a happy and excited mood B. a joyful and energetic mood
C. a worried and depressed moon D. a bad and sorrow mood
155. Renewable resources, such as solar, wind, tidal energy, etc., are the resources that
can be replenished over time naturally.
A. depleted B. restored C. replaced D. substituted
156. John's decision to drop out of university to go to a vocational school drove his
mother up the wall. She thought that it is really a stupid decision.
A. made his mother pleased B. made his mother angry
C. made his mother worried D. made his mother ashamed
157. One of the best ways to understand what a job is like, is to do it. Work experience is
a great way to get a feel for what a job is all about.
A. to have an understanding about B. to touch with one's own hand
C. to be all at sea with D. to do something on purpose
158. Developments in technology mean we can now do banking transactions at our

leisure.
A. comfortably B. inconveniently
C. freely D. independently
44
159. The schoolboy’s excuse wasn’t credible at all. Nobody in the classroom believed in
the far-fetched story he told.
A. reliable B. predictable C. knowledgeable D. unbelievable
160. We have to work against the clock so as to meet the deadline of the clients
tomorrow.
A. work in a haste B. work slowly
C. work as fast as possible D. work strenuously
161. It's only quite recently that the long-lasting and devastating effects of such
chemicals on wildlife have come to light.
A. durable B. effective C. transient D. flexible
162. John: “I think we have done enough work today. I’m feeling tired now”.
Alice: “Let’s call it a day and hit the hay!”\
A. stay awake B. go to sleep C. take a bath D. eat something
163. I am just a cog in the machine in this organization as my contribution to it is still

minor.
A. negligible B. pivotal
C. of little importance D. of complete indifference
164. What ruins our presentation on the mitosis process is that Natasha and Jackie are not
on the same wavelength about how to deal with it.
A. not familiar-thinking B. not like-minded
C. not same-minded D. not though-sharing
165. One journalist has commented, "Ordering a frozen embryo is a little more
emotionally complicated than ordering a home-delivered pizza - but not so different
logistically".
A. in theory B. in practice C. in fact D. in deed
166. I heard it through the grapevine that they were enemies and had never been on
good terms.
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A. gave it the low-down
B. put it in the picture
C. heard it straight from the horse’s mouth
D. kept it in the loop
167. Rather than assuming responsibility for explaining corporate losses, the CEO passed
the buck to his CFO to explain the downturn.
A. the CEO denied responsibilities
B. the CEO shifted the responsibility to his CFO
C. made the CFO responsible for a problem that the CEO should deal with
D. the CEO shouldered the blame
168. It is believed that conflicts between parents and children can be resolved by means
of heart-to-heart talks.
A. harmony B. disagreements C. differences D. similarities
169. A spokeswoman for the company would not divulge the salaries paid to top
managers.
A. conceal B. unwrap C. reveal D. expose
170. The birds still are protected from intentional harm or killing under the act.
A. accidental B. premeditated C. planned D. willful
171. A few faint gleams of sunshine lit up the gloomy afternoon.
A. dismal B. dreary C. cheerful D. dull
172. Network structures and powerful small appliances allow data and computer
resources to scatter throughout an enterprise.
A. spread B. disseminate C. diffuse D. gather
173. Solid wood furniture is much more sturdy than chipboard furniture.
A. stronger B. more durable C. tougher D. more delicate
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174. Materials from the supplier will be ordered only if the production plant can sell its
product.
A. distributor B. provider C. manufacturer D. customer
175. Brightly coloured packaging made the pens especially appealing to children.
A. tempting B. attractive C. pleasant D. offensive
176. Excessive sex and violence in film and television have been shown to contribute to
a tendency towards similar behaviour in spectators.
A. ubiquitous B. prevalent C. limited D. undue
177. The best thing about the location of the house is its proximity to the town centre.
A. closeness B. adjacency C. remoteness D. contiguity
178. She put forward some cogent reasons for abandoning the plan.
A. compelling B. convincing C. justified D. baseless
179. Income from tourism accounts for a sizeable proportion of the area’s total income.
A. considerable B. modest C. significant D. enormous
180. She's always conspicuous because of her bright clothes and queer hair style.
A. noticeable B. distinct C. prominent D. hidden
181. If you are intent on sorting out the problem, take courage and talk to your boss
privately about his aggressive behaviour.
A. are determined to resolve the problem
B. feel hesitant about whether to resolve the problem or not
C. are confident that the problem can be resolved
D. are willing to resolve the problem
182. The Internet is the root of people’s seclusion from the outside world.
A. limited social play
B. having little contact with other people
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C. sense of belonging with those around them
D. being socially isolated
183. Many futurists have speculated that the advent of faster forms of communication
will marginalise traditional literacy and it could eventually become obsolete.
A. elevate the position of B. lead to the decline of
C. mark a new era for D. have no significant impact on
184. English is a gateway to the world and no one should be deprived of the opportunities
that arise for those with a strong command of the English language.
A. miss B. be denied C. be given D. be dispossessed of
185. Only the mournful cries still permeated the air, as if the entire garden were weeping
softly.
A. melancholy B. sorrowful C. somber D. jubilant
186. At first she treated his request in a light-hearted way and broke into a fit of giggles.
A. tedious B. funny C. playful D. serious
187. I’m not sure how many people are expected—we’ll just have to play it by ear.
A. make prior arrangements B. deal with the situation as it develops
C. make a rough guess D. give an exact number
188. Purchasers seeking clearance and other parties submitting information to the
regulatory authorities face prosecution if they supply false or misleading information.
A. inaccurate B. deceptive C. trustworthy D. untruthful
189. Through its nearly universal reach and popularity, sport also offers an important
means of reaching out to and engaging socially excluded group.
A. extensive B. global C. restricted D. common
190. He was not physically robust and his main recreation was playing bridge and
parlour games.
A. vigorous B. active C. sturdy D. fragile
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191. When I suggested he was mistaken, John got hot under the collar and stormed out
of the room.
A. got emotional B. became furious C. remained calm D. felt anxious
192. Teachers tend to turn a blind eye to pupils smoking at school, a report reveals today.
A. take no notice of B. have no feeling for
C. show respect for D. pay attention to
193. “Son, please address the elephant in the room and explain to us why you did not
come home last night!”
A. the problem that is being dealt with
B. the problem that is being ignored
C. the problem that is rather complicated
D. the problem that is quite obvious
194. Don't tell Jane anything about the surprise party for Jack. She has got a big mouth.
A. can't eat a lot B. hates parties
C. talks too much D. can keep secrets
195. I'm pleased to announce that the company is in the black for the fifth consecutive
year.
A. in debt B. making a profit
C. in the spotlight D. losing the market share
196. India is one part of the world I would go to at the drop of a hat.
A. with some hesitation B. without any consideration
C. with great enthusiasm D. without doubt
197. Tania is tickled pink. She just won tickets to see One Direction at the O2 Arena next
month.”
A. delighted B. pleased C. astonished D. depressed
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198. Jackie was on pins and needles waiting to hear about her job application.
A. anxious B. relaxed C. agitated D. nervous
199. She got bent out of shape over the new dress code at work.
A. annoyed at B. content with C. amazed at D. acquainted with
200. In the middle of his speech, he spaced out and trailed off into an unintelligible
murmur.
A. became disoriented B. got confused
C. stayed focused D. was bewildered
50
CHAPTER 3:
GUIDED CLOZE
51
Exercise 1.
Communication is extremely important in the business 1.___________. It is likely that in

this context both informal and formal styles will be used. If we take the example of
meetings, we might say that they are often 2.___________ in quite a relaxed way, with
participants using first names and informal language. 3.___________, as soon as the
meeting is official, careful records, called minutes, will be kept, following a
predetermined format 4.___________ is standard across many business situations.
Layout is one aspect of a formal style. Content will also be 5.___________ to some
extent by the level of formality.
1. A. order B. world C. scope D. field
2. A. conducted B. managed C. regulated D. governed
3. A. Furthermore B. Likewise C. However D. Despite
4. A. which B. who C. whom D. what
5. A. prescribed B. composed C. dictated D. disclosed
Exercise 2.
Anyone planning to start a business must be 1.___________ about what can be achieved,
and in what time frame. Entrepreneurs often work extremely long hours, not
2.___________ during 'trading' hours, but also after hours doing all the associated
paperwork. If entrepreneurs overwork, they will find it difficult to 3.___________ good
decisions and will lack the energy to analyse and evaluate marketing and finance data.
4.___________ an entrepreneur becomes over tired and over anxious, they can
undermine their businesses by giving the 5.___________ that things are bad and the
business is just about to close down.
1. A. anxious B. confused C. realistic D. skeptical
2. A. either B. more C. just D. least
3. A. make B. take C. set D. do
4. A. Unless B. While C. If D. Although
5. A. feeling B. idea C. effect D. impression
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Exercise 3.
Human rights are ideas about what everyone is 1.___________ to. Basic human rights
include the right to life, and the right to food and clean drinking water. 2.___________
include the right to vote and to freedom of 3.___________. In the UK, most people have
their basic human rights 4.___________ most of the time. However, in some countries
people's freedoms may be limited. Also, in the UK, there are still 5.___________ of
human rights that some people believe could be improved, such as the rights of people
with disabilities.
1. A. accessible B. entitled C. susceptible D. exposed
2. A. One another B. Others C. Another D. The other
3. A. statement B. assertion C. expression D. comment
4. A. to meet B. met C. meeting D. meet
5. A. areas B. corners C. grounds D. aspects
Exercise 4.
The rise in fuel prices is a very worrying trend. Here are just some examples of the
1.___________. Elderly people cannot afford to heat their houses, people lose their jobs
because they can no longer afford to commute to work, or because they are made
2.___________ from their jobs in transport-based businesses such as airlines. Self-
employed people often rely on their own transport for work, e.g. delivery people, florists
and taxi drivers, 3.___________ they may be forced to close their business. The prices of
some food and raw materials also increase as a direct result of the cost of oil, e.g. the
prices of beef and cotton. 4.___________ all of that, there is one possible advantage: car
manufacturers are employing more people to design fuel-efficient cars, which will benefit
the environment. But surely, this is not enough. What we need is international
cooperation and political 5.___________, to reduce fuel prices or financially support
those who are being affected.
1. A. consequences B. conclusions C. results D. reactions
2. A. irrelevant B. unemployed C. redundant D. excessive
3. A. because B. so C. but D. though
4. A. Against B. Opposite C. Contrary D. Behind
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5. A. hostility B. rivalry C. kindness D. goodwill
Exercise 5.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) takes many different forms, and 1.___________ all aspects of
our lives today. We now have a variety of technologies 2.___________ intelligent
machines, powered by revolutionary advances in micro-technology and superfast
connectivity, are firmly changing the way we live and work. Beyond driverless cars and
very smart computers that can beat chess champions, there are numerous mundane
3.___________ of AI which are enabled by simple sensors connected to smartphone SIM
cards. According to Leonhard, within five years most companies will have armies of very
cheap, very powerful, versatile machines, connected to a smart cloud, and they will be
able to 4.___________ many routine processes. Some 25 years from now robots, through
cognitive 5.___________ and using vast amounts of data from humans, will do all that
kind of work.
1. A. invades B. immerses C. permeates D. saturates
2. A. which B. whom C. what D. where
3. A. operations B. utilities C. procedures D. applications
4. A. realize B. deliver C. accomplish D. assemble
5. A. computing B. calculating C. automating D. measuring
Exercise 6.
An eminent psychologist who expanded our knowledge of how children think and
develop was a Swiss named Jean Piaget. His 1.___________, which were truly original
when first published in 1936, were described as being so obvious that it took a genius to
think of them. His research provided evidence that a child thinks differently to an adult,
and he identified 2.___________ in the development of children's brains. His work
contributed to various branches of psychology, such as cognitive psychology,
developmental psychology, and educational reform. 3.___________, consider Erik
Erikson, who was born in Germany. He studied psychoanalysis with Anna Freud, the
daughter of Sigmund Freud, and later moved to the United States 4.___________ he first
published in 1950. He became renowned for his focus on psychosocial development,
human development through the 5.___________ from childhood to adulthood to old age.
His studies also added to the understanding of the development and shaping of
personality over the course of people's lives.
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1. A. enquiries B. observations C. remarks D. statements
2. A. steps B. stages C. rounds D. laps
3. A. Next B. Later C. Then D. Besides
4. A. which B. what C. that D. where
5. A. lifestyle B. lifespan C. lifelong D. lifetime
Exercise 7.
There have been lots of films that depict an ongoing or impending disaster which is
mainly caused by natural phenomena, the effects of which have a deep 1.___________
on mankind. Quite often technological arrogance or the exploitation of nature by men
evoke Mother Nature’s 2.___________ which is cruel but not unjustifiable in any case.
3.___________, all of us have witnessed floods, occurring mainly due to massive
deforestation, or the continuous temperature rise with the subsequent 4.___________ of
the ice caps and desertification affecting many countries worldwide. 5.___________, the
effects of pollution are of great significance since they not only affect the flora and fauna
- with the list of the 6.___________ species getting longer and longer - but also human
beings due to disruptions in the food 7.___________. In recent years, environmental
organisations and activists have sounded the alarm, but it is up to the governments to
8.___________ drastic measures in order to avoid more serious problems in the future.
Our relationship with nature has to be 9.___________. If we don't wish to see the side
effects of our senseless actions, then we all have to stop the destruction of natural habitats
and 10.___________ down pollution.
1. A. impact B. response C. outcome D. fallout
2. A. anger B. revenge C. fury D. outrage
3. A. Furthermore B. Likewise C. Yet D. Thus
4. A. melting B. condensing C. shrinking D. downsizing
5. A. Consequently B. Additionally C. Accordingly D. Similarly
6. A. unprotected B. endangered C. imperiled D. jeopardized
7. A. row B. string C. chain D. range
8. A. make B. set C. put D. take
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9. A. mutual B. reciprocal C. bilateral D. communal
10. A. narrow B. close C. scale D. break
Exercise 8.
Photography is a hobby with wide appeal. And I don't mean taking photos on your
mobile phone, though it cannot be (1) ___________ that such pictures can be surprisingly
good these days. Serious photography means taking the (2) ___________ to do some
research, exploring the technical (3) ___________ of the subject and investing in what
might be quite expensive equipment. So why take up photography? Firstly, it allows you
to (4) ___________ special moments that you want to remember forever. In addition, it
(5) ___________ your imagination because you are always in search of ideas for original
and out of the ordinary photos. However, a lot of practice is required before you (6)
___________ to take really good pictures on a regular basis. When you finally do it, it
will be a (7) ___________ of great satisfaction for you. Photography can also transform
the way you look at the world. You start to see details that in the past you used to miss
(8) ___________. All in all, it's a highly absorbing hobby.
1 A rejected B contradicted C denied D refused
2 A trouble B care C effort D concern
3 A characteristics B forms C qualities D aspects
4 A seize B capture C grab D catch
5 A motivates B renews C stimulates D reacts
6 A manage B succeed C achieve D reach
7 A reason B cause C source D means
8 A utterly B completely C fully D absolutely
Exercise 9.
The expression ‘getting off the beaten track’ is used to refer to the experience of avoiding
famous tourist attractions and choosing instead to explore less well-known places when
travelling. For many people the whole (1) ___________ of travel is to visit cities such as
Paris or Venice that have a great (2) ___________ as places of beauty and historic
importance. Furthermore, they are not particularly (3) ___________ by the crowds that
are usually found in such locations. But for others who have more of a (4) ___________
56
of adventure, a good holiday must (5) ___________ unfamiliar experiences, even taking
some risks.
Travelling off the beaten track may be done by some students who don’t (6)
___________ to a rigid plan, but make decisions about what to do depending on how
they feel. Other travellers prefer to spend money on guided tours to unusual locations.
Such tours are designed to (7) ___________ their particular needs, and all the
arrangements are made for them. However people choose to get off the beaten track, the
hope is always the same: to have a special, often unique (8) ___________ of a different
culture.
1 A worth B point C aim D profit
2 A favour B approval C reputation D opinion
3 A bothered B interrupted C offended D disturbed
4 A feeling B impression C mood D sense
5 A possess B consist C involve D concern
6 A fix B stick C fasten D attach
7 A please B fit C agree D meet
8 A experience B understanding C awareness D knowledge
Exercise 10.
Every ambitious athlete hopes to fulfil their dream of winning a gold medal at the
Olympics. However, not everyone can win, and often talented athletes must accept
second place. A team of psychologists recently (1) ___________ some research on the
emotional responses of those finishing second. For certain individuals, a silver medal
may (2) ___________ their expectations and so naturally they will be delighted. They
may also enjoy surprising experts and journalists who believed they had absolutely no (3)
___________ of achieving anything. In (4) ___________, the athlete who everyone
assumed would win with ease, but then suffers a (5) ___________ defeat, may not
celebrate their silver medal. This reaction differs sharply from the athlete who comes
second but finished a long way behind the winner. There is a (6) ___________ in the
research that shows such a person will feel significantly happier. To a certain (7)
___________, these findings are not surprising. Silver medalists who were close to
57
victory will almost certainly (8) ___________ on what might have happened if they had
trained harder, or done things differently.
1 A controlled B conducted C directed D guided
2 A exceed B overtake C pass D overcome
3 A outlook B view C estimate D prospect
4 A opposition B contrast C distinction D contradiction
5 A thin B tight C narrow D slight
6 A habit B trend C custom D tendency
7 A extent B amount C range D level
8 A review B wonder C consider D reflect
Exercise 11.
No doubt you may be inclined to think that in this day and age, traditional pursuits are no
longer ‘in’ and that we would have (1) ___________ away with old-fashioned hobbies
that don’t involve computers. Nothing of the (2) ___________ . If anything, the internet
has made it easier for people with specialist hobbies in different corners of the planet to
(3) ___________ themselves to their passion and to support one another. With one quick
press of a key, (4) ___________ car collectors are online, comparing notes and
restoration (5) ___________ with enthusiasts in distant lands. If a part needs replacing, a
vast electronic inventory is out there (6) ___________ and waiting. After a day in the
field, birdwatchers can post sightings they consider worth sharing with likeminded
enthusiasts who will immediately (7) ___________ to their passion. Thankfully, face to
face contact does still take place. Historic car rallies and races have a large following.
Come Sunday morning, children and adults alike still meet to swap, or perhaps even (8)
___________ , the cards missing from their collections.
1 A done B taken C put D sent
2 A type B sort C variety brand
3 A focus B present C stick D devote
4 A ancient B historical C classic D epic
5 A means B techniques C crafts D systems

58
6 A handy B willing C ready D open
7 A relate B share C connect D join
8 A bid B purchase C invest D subscribe
Exercise 12.
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization announced that the COVID-19 virus
was officially a pandemic after barreling through 114 countries in three months and (1)
______ over 118,000 people. And the spread wasn’t anywhere near finished.
COVID-19 is caused by a (2) ______ coronavirus—a new coronavirus strain that has not
been previously found in people. Symptoms include respiratory problems, fever and
cough, and can lead to pneumonia and death. Like SARS, it’s (3) ______ through
droplets from sneezes.
The first reported case in China appeared November 17, 2019, in the Hubei Province, but
went unrecognized. Eight more (4) ______ appeared in December with researchers
pointing to an unknown virus.
Many learned about COVID-19 when ophthalmologist Dr. Li Wenliang defied

government (5) ______ and released safety information to other doctors. The following
day, China informed WHO and charged Li with a crime. Li died from COVID-19 just
over a month later.
Without a vaccine (6) ______, the virus spread beyond Chinese borders and by mid-
March, it had spread globally to more than 163 countries. On February 11, the infection
was officially christened COVID-19.
(Adapted from https://www.history.com/)
1. A. infecting B. abusing C. pressing D. finishing
2. A. stable B. novel C. unsure D. broken
3. A. revealed B. exposed C. gathered D. spread
4. A. regions B. items C. cases D. sites
5. A. sentences B. orders C. alphabets D. letters
6. A. available B. affordable C. unnatural D. precious
59
Exercise 13.
Science and technology (S&T) capabilities are fundamental for social and economic
progress in developing countries; for example, in the health (1) ______, scientific
research led to the development and introduction of oral rehydration therapy, which
became the cornerstone of international (2) ______ to control diarrheal diseases.
Research also established that two cents worth of vitamin A given to children every six
months could (3) ______ child mortality in many countries by over one-third. In
agriculture, rice-wheat rotation techniques have significantly enhanced food production
in South Asia. In Central America, scientifically based natural resource management has
been essential in developing the tourist (4) ______ , a major source of foreign currency.
International programs based on S&T are critical components of U.S. foreign policy, and
particularly foreign assistance activities. Foreign assistance, probably more than any
other international endeavor, (5) ______ opportunities for representatives of the U.S.
government and its partners to join with political and economic leaders, intellectuals, and
activists of dozens of countries in continuing, constructive dialogues and in concrete
projects designed to enhance the quality of life of hundreds of millions of people. S&T
are often the keystones for (6) ______ projects. The shared political and economic
dividends from these activities can be enormous.
(Source: https://www.nap.edu)
1. A. sector B. area C. region D. item
2. A. nations B. sessions C. owners D. efforts
3. A. mention B. reduce C. survey D. conflict
4. A. career B. branch C. industry D. agriculture
5. A. surround B. provides C. combines D. impresses
6. A. friendly B. beautiful C. delicate D. successful
Exercise 14.
Most of us are very used to the sounds we hear in everyday life. Loud music, the
television, people (1) ______ on their phone, the traffic and even pets barking in the
middle of the night. All of these have become a part of the (2) ______ culture and rarely
disturb us. However, when the sound of the television keeps you from sleeping all night
or the traffic starts to give you a headache, it stops becoming just noise and start (3)
60
______ into noise pollution. For many of us, the concept of pollution is limited to nature
and resources. However, noise that tends to disrupt the natural rhythm of life makes for
one solid pollutant.
By definition, noise pollution (4) ______ place when there is either excessive amount of
noise or an unpleasant sound that causes temporary disruption in the natural balance. This
definition is usually (5) ______ to sounds or noises that are unnatural in either their
volume or their production. Our environment is such that it has become difficult to
escape noise. Even electrical appliances at home have a constant hum or beeping sound.
By and large, lack of urban planning increases the exposure to (6) ______ sounds. This is
why understanding noise pollution is necessary to curb it in time.
(Source: https://www.conserve-energy-future.com)
1. A. reflecting B. talking C. solving D. following
2. A. powerful B. glorious C. urban D. modest
3. A. containing B. receiving C. expanding D. turning
4. A. takes B. makes C. gets D. loses
5. A. endurable B. agreeable C. applicable D. capable
6. A. unwanted B. defeated C. balanced D. damaged
Exercise 15.
In its purest form, it's odourless, nearly colourless and tasteless. It's in your body, the
food you eat and the beverages you (1) ______ . You use it to clean yourself, your
clothes, your dishes, your car and everything else around you. You can travel on it or
jump in it to cool off on hot (2) ______ days. Many of the products that you use every
day contain it or were manufactured using it. All forms of life need it, and if they don't
get (3) ______ of it, they die. Political disputes have centred around it. In some places,
it's treasured and incredibly difficult to get. In others, it's incredibly easy to get and then
squandered. What substance is more necessary to our (4) ______ than any other? Water.
At its most basic, water is a molecule with one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms,
bonded together by shared electrons. It is a V-shaped (5) ______ molecule, which means
that it's charged positively near the hydrogen atoms and negatively near the oxygen atom.
Water molecules are (6) ______ attracted and stick to each other because of this polarity,
forming a hydrogen bond. This hydrogen bond is the reason behind many of water's
61
special properties, such as the fact that it's denser in its liquid state than in its solid state
(ice floats on water).
(Source: https://science.howstuffworks.com)
1. A. do B. breathe C. eat D. drink
2. A. autumn B. summer C. winter D. spring
3. A. many B. much C. enough D. all
4. A. existence B. example C. revenue D. anxiety
5. A. lazy B. vivid C. curly D. polar
6. A. regularly B. suddenly C. naturally D. relatively
Exercise 16.
Base-jumping
BASE is a(n) (1) _______ for Building, Antenna, Span (a bridge, arch or dome) and
Earth (a mountain or cliff), and was coined in 1978, when parachutists first began
jumping systematically from fixed objects, (2) _______ man-made structures or natural
formations. Since then, the sport has (3) _______ over 100 lives, the details of which are
all rather morbidly recorded on the Internet. Indeed, so dangerous is it that before making
your first jump, experts recommend you should do around 250 skydives in order to get
fully (4) _______ to the feeling of freefalling. (5) _______, even this does not prepare
you for the dangers involved in falling at such a relatively low velocity, and so close both
to the fixed objects and to the ground. Be warned too that jumping from buildings is
usually illegitimate, since gaining access to the top of them usually involves some form
of unlawful entry.
1. A. antonym B. anonym C. acronym D. eponym
2. A. either B. neither C. so D. too
3. A. achieved B. got C. attained D. claimed
4. A. acculturated B. accustomed C. acquainted D. assimilated
5. A. Whence B. Therefore C. Nonetheless D. Notwithstanding
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Exercise 17.
The digital revolution has turned out to be a 1)_____________ of good for consumers as
it has greatly altered the way they consume their products. Thanks to 2)_____________
in technology and high-speed Internet, travellers now can effortlessly book their flights
and hotels online. 3)_____________, they can opt to stay at a stranger’s house through
accommodation sharing websites and comb through online reviews for unfamiliar
restaurants on their mobile devices. In the digital 4)_____________, increased
personalisation has taken off as we have become a generation of do-it-yourself
holidaymakers 5)_____________ plan, manage and book travel online in a more cost-
effective way.
1. A. cause B. drive C. force D. means
2. A. breakdowns B. breakthroughs C. breakaways D. break-ups
3. A. Fortunately B. Conversely C. Actually D. Similarly
4. A. times B. period C. age D. season
5. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
Exercise 18.
We can all agree that travel has an incredible way of stimulating our 1)_____________
ability to change. Many people view this development in 2)_____________ of learning
and growing through understanding other people and cultures and the wider world that
surrounds us. 3)_____________, it could be argued that travel itself is the touchpaper that
sparks a transformative journey of the self. Every exposure to new experiences unlocks
and awakens a new 4)_____________ of our personality that would otherwise remain
dormant forever. It is 5)_____________ to posit therefore that, both the internal and
external shift our understanding.
1. A. inside B. innate C. inward D. in-depth
2. A. favour B. spite C. terms D. lieu
3. A. Furthermore B. However C. Accordingly D. Therefore
4. A. chapter B. facet C. angle D. feature
5. A. equal B. fair C. honest D. impartial
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Exercise 19.
Global tourism has 1)_____________ continued growth and deepening diversification in

the latter decades of the twentieth century. It has made it 2)_____________ for us to
travel the world and broaden our horizons, diminishing our attachment to cultural
stereotypes. And this cultural 3)_____________ is not the only aspect to be considered.
The more people travel around the world, the 4)_____________ economic benefits to
host countries. Destinations around the world that might otherwise have stagnated
financially can 5)_____________ as tourists explore attractions and natural landscapes
which are often the key reason for the initial interest in the area.
1. A. exploited B. experienced C. encountered D. endangered
2. A. possible B. likely C. capable D. probable
3. A. quality B. credit C. benefit D. value
4. A. larger B. higher C. greater D. longer
5. A. nourish B. flourish C. advance D. cultivate
Exercise 21.
There is no doubt that money, in the form that we know it today, is what keeps modern
economic life (1) ________. Thousands of years ago, civilizations used to rely on the
barter system as a way of exchanging goods. Within this system, a person had to
exchange one thing for (2) ________. This meant that the two parties involved had to
make/reach an agreement as to what they thought their products were worth. Items such
as wheat, tobacco, and livestock have all been used as money at one time or another.
It was not until much later that humans came up with the idea of money in the form of
metal coins. Coins were (3) ________ easier to handle and carry around. Since then, the
use of coins has become widespread. It has made commerce simpler and has given
countries an opportunity for development by doing business with other countries further
(4) ________. In recent years, paper money has become more common all over the
world, as it is easier to use. It will not be long, however, before plastic cards take (5)
________ completely, replacing coins and paper money.
(Source: Use of English for All Exams by E.Moutsou)
Question 1: A. going B. moving C. rolling D. passing
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Question 2: A. other B. the other C. another D. one
Question 3: A. more B. best C. most D. much
Question 4: A. afield B. anew C. alongside D. above
Question 5: A. apart B. over C. upon D. into
Exercise 22
Presenting yourself in the best possible light to a prospective employer is (1) ________
job applications are all about. So when you put together a compelling CV, write your
concise covering letter and check your Linkedin profile, you might also want to 'Google'
yourself and see what comes (2) ________ because increasingly that's what employers
are doing.
Your online identity, in particular your Facebook profile, could in fact be (3) ________
the ultimate CV- a personal, honest, and spontaneous description of how you see yourself
and how those who know you see you. That's not to say that a potential employer is
necessarily going to disapprove of your silly behaviors on a night out with friends,
indeed, they might be looking for a/an (4) ________ character. But it does mean they will
be examining your real interests and motivations and mining (5) ________ sites for clues
to your true character. So if you say in your CV that you're a motivated, loyal team player
and then criticize your employer to friends on Facebook, that's probably not going to go
unnoticed. Try Googling yourself and then ask: "Would you hire you?"
(Source: Keynote by Paul Dummett, Helen Stephenson, and Lewis Lansford)
Question 1: A. how B. which C. what D. who
Question 2: A. up B. out C. in D. with
Question 3: A. thought B. regarded C. considered D. assessed
Question 4: A. bossy B. obedient C. extrovert D. loyal
Question 5: A. such B. much C. each D. all
Exercise 23
Many parents believe that they should begin to teach their children to read when they are
scarcely more than toddlers but forcing a child could be (1) ________ if she isn't ready.
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Wise parents will have a relaxed attitude and (2) ________ the lead from their child.
What they should provide is a selection of stimulating books and other activities.
Of course, books are no longer the only source of stories and information. There is also a
huge range of videos, (3) ________ can reinforce and extend the pleasure a child finds in
a book. Television gets a bad review as far as children are concerned, mainly because too
many spend too much time watching programs not intended (4) ________ their age
group. However, approved viewing of programs designed for young children can be
useful. Just as adults enjoy reading a book after seeing it serialized on television, so
children will pounce on books that feature their favorite television characters, and videos
can add a new (5) ______ to a story known from a book.
Question 1: A. effective B. counter-productive C. productive D. excessive
Question 2: A. hold B. bear C. take D. receive
Question 3: A. that B. which C. who D. whom
Question 4: A. to B. for C. with D. of
Question 5: A. meaning B. angle C. corner D. dimension
Exercise 24
Singapore is famous for its street food and Unesco has decreed that its hawker’s centers
have special cultural (1) ________ and are now on the Representative List of the
Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. According to Unesco, (2) ________ dining
and culinary practices in a multicultural urban context are present throughout Singapore.
Hawkers prepare a variety of food for people who dine and mingle at the centers, which
serve as ‘community dining rooms’ where people from diverse backgrounds gather and
share the experience of dining over breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Activities (3) ________
as chess-playing, busking and art-jamming also take place.
Community organizations, non-governmental organizations, and educational institutions

in Singapore play a significant role in promoting and sustaining hawker culture through
training programs, events, and documentation projects. The country (4) ________ for the
Unesco recognition two years ago, and it was recently (5) ________.
Hawker centers are found all over the island; however, here are a few of the best places to
get you started on your gastronomic adventure if you travel there: Chinatown Complex,
Lau Pa Sat, Maxwell Food Centre, Newton Food Centre, East Coast Lagoon Food
Village and Gluttons Bay.
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(Source: https://www.lonelyplanet.com/articles/singapore-street-food-unesco)
Question 1: A. location B. place C. role D. point
Question 2: A. communicating B. community C. communicative D. commune
Question 3: A. like B. including C. such D. alike
Question 4: A. concerned B. prepared C. committed D. applied
Question 5: A. granted B. rejected C. allowed D. suggested
Exercise 25
Traveling with a dog can be difficult. On (1) ________ of having to pay extra for your
airfare, there’s always the question about where to actually “relieve” your dog when they
have to go. Osaka International Airport (ITAMI) in Japan is making that problem much
easier to solve. According to a statement released by Kansai Airports, a (2) ________
new doggie toilet area will be available to travelers with furry companions.
The new facility, located in ITAMI’s pick-up and drop-off area, has a/an (3) ________
space for pets to get some relief either before boarding or after a flight. Space is
“expected to reduce the stress of pets and improve the convenience and comfort for pet
owners,” it said in the statement. Your pet will be able to sniff (4) ________ the outdoor
space, drink a little water, and use the relief area’s “pee pole,” which also washes and
flushes waste. There’s (5) ________ a small shower to make any extra clean-up a breeze
and a bench for two-legged friends to sit while their pup does its “business.”
(Source: https://www.travelandleisure.com/trip-ideas/pet-friendly-travel/first-dog-
bathroom-japan-airport)
Question 1: A. top B. summit C. crest D. peak
Question 2: A. brand B. label C. tag D. name
Question 3: A. utilised B. dedicated C. activated D. harnessed
Question 4: A. above B. along C. across D. around
Question 5: A. also B. again C. every D. much
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Exercise 26
Internet era communications, the @ sign used in e-mail addresses to (1) ________ the
word ‘at’, is actually a 500-year-old invention of Italian merchants. Giorgio Stabile, a
science professor at La Sapienza University, claims to have stumbled (2) ________ the
earliest known example of the symbol’s use as an indication of a measure of weight or
volume. He says the sign represents an amphora, a measure of capability based on the
terracotta jars used to transport grain and liquid in the ancient Mediterranean world. The
professor unearthed the ancient symbol in the course of research for a/an (3) ________
history of the 20th century.
The first known instance of its use, he says, occurred in a letter written by a Florentine
merchant on May 4, 1536. He says the sign made its way along trade routes to northern
Europe, (4) ________ it came to represent ‘at the price of, its contemporary accountancy
meaning. Professor Stabile believes that Italian banks may possess even earlier
documents bearing the symbol lying forgotten in their archives. The oldest example could
be of great (5) ________. The race is on between the mercantile world and the banking
world to see who has the oldest documentation of @.
Question 1: A. beautify B. dignify C. testify D. signify
Question 2: A. down B. out C. in D. on
Question 3: A. oral B. visual C. imaginary D. viewing
Question 4: A. where B. when C. from which D. which
Question 5: A. value B. concern C. price D. figure
Exercise 27.
“Mere exposure effect” simply refers to a condition in which the given (1) ________ is
accessible to the subject’s perception, either consciously or subconsciously. Advertising
is one arena in which the mere exposure effect plays a crucial role, although the (2)
________ here is not clear. One study used banner ads to test the mere exposure effect on
college-aged students. Subjects were presented with an article to read on a computer
screen while banner ads (3) ________ along the top of the screen. The results indicated
that those who had been exposed more frequently to the banner ads did indeed rate the
ads more favorably than those who had seen it less frequently or not at all.
However, another study found that familiarity with a brand name can create an
ambivalent attitude. This may be because people have both good and bad (4) ________
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with familiar companies, and all of which are brought to mind with frequent exposure,
leading to greater ambivalence. As a result, it is unclear whether (5) ________
familiarity, created through repeated advertising, is good for sales.
(Source: The psychology book big ideas simply explained)
Question 1: A. package B. factor C. principle D. stimulus
Question 2: A. picture B. protraction C. imagination D. access
Question 3: A. skidded B. flashed C. dragged D. viewed
Question 4: A. relationships B. associations C. implications D. ammunition
Question 5: A. trivial B. mere C. inadequate D. main
Exercise 28
Sigmund Freud is most famous for his psychoanalytic (1) ________ of thought, but he
also took a keen interest in religion. Sigmund Freud was born to Jewish parents in the (2)
________ Roman Catholic town of Freiburg, Moravia. Religion, Freud believed, was an
expression of underlying psychological neuroses and distress. In some of his best-known
writings, he suggested that it was an "illusion," a form of neurosis, and even an attempt to
gain control over the external world. Religion manifests a longing for mastering the (3)
________ world in which we are situated by means of the wishful world which we have
developed within us as a result of biological and psychological (4) ________.
Furthermore, religions, at any rate, (5) ________ mankind from the sense of guilt, which
they call sin. Because people need to feel secure and absolve themselves of their own
guilt, Freud believed that they choose to believe in God. It is still more humiliating to
discover how a large number of people living today try to defend religions piece by piece
in a series of pitiful rearguard actions.
(Source: https://www.verywellmind.com)
Question 1: A. flow B. stream C. way D. school
Question 2: A. heavily B. steadily C. abstractly D. cordially
Question 3: A. sentient B. sensual C. sensory D. sensitive
Question 4: A. liability B. discrepancy C. necessities D. complications
Question 5: A. conduce B. redeem C. reconcile D. withhold

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Exercise 29
Covid-19 will leave a lasting (1) ________ on the world economy, causing permanent
changes and teaching important lessons. Many economies (2) ________ versions of
Germany's Kurzarbeit (short work) subsidy during the pandemic. This policy keeps
workers employed at reduced hours and pay, with the government compensating some of
the shortfall in wages. By keeping matches between firms and workers intact, the
economy is better prepared for a quick recovery.
It is important to improve the implementation of these policies and make them a

permanent part of our economic recovery tool (3) ________. Remote work is likely to
become more common. We had some evidence that working from home is at least as
productive as working at the office. The pandemic crisis has accelerated the pace of
digital (4) ________, with further expansion in e-commerce and increases in the pace of
adoption of telemedicine, videoconferencing, online teaching and fintech. The most
important lesson from the Covid-19 pandemic is the importance of working together on
problems that affect the entire human (5) ________. We are much stronger united than
divided.
(Source: https://edition.cnn.com/2020/07/26/perspectives/sergio-rebelo-imf-covid-19-
global-economy/index.html)
Question 1: A. context B. footprint C. imprint D. tattoo
Question 2: A. adopted B. abated C. absolved D. acquired
Question 3: A. gear B. box C. kit D. set
Question 4: A. acquisition B. transformation C. resolution D. manifestation
Question 5: A. kind B. blood C. line D. race
Exercise 30
It must also be stressed that even in the United State, automation is by no means the only
factor displacing people (1) ________ existing jobs. The increasing number of unneeded
workers in recent years has been the result of much more simple (2) ________: farm
laborers have been put out of work by bigger tractors, miners by the cheapness of oil, and
railway-men by better roads. It is quite wrong, therefore, to think of automation as some
new monster whose arrival threatens the existence of employment in the (3) ________
way that the arrival of myxomatosis threatened the existence of the rabbit. Automation is
one aspect of technological changes which result in certain jobs disappearing and certain
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skills ceasing to be (4) ________. And even in America, which has a level of technology
and output per head much in advance of Britain’s, there is no evidence that the (5)
________ of change is actually speeding up. Nevertheless, changes in the amount of
labor needed to produce a certain output are proceeding fairly rapidly in America – and in
other countries – and may proceed more rapidly in the future.
Question 1: A. away B. from C. against D. out of
Question 2: A. influences B. benefits C. expenses D. statements
Question 3: A. same B. likely C. other D. alike
Question 4: A. accessed B. aligned C. required D. erased
Question 5: A. speed B. pace C. velocity D. way
Exercise 31
If the flattening of the world is largely (but not entirely) unstoppable, and if it (1)
________ out the potential to be as beneficial to American society in general. There will
be plenty of good jobs out there in the flat world for people with the right knowledge,
skills, ideas, and self-motivation to (2) ________ them. But there is no sugar-coating the
new challenge: Every young American today (3) ________ be wise to think of himself or
herself as competing against every young Chinese, Indian, and Brazilian.
This requires not only a new level of technical skills but also a certain mental flexibility,
self-motivation, and psychological (4) ________. I am certain that we Americans can
indeed thrive in this world. But I am also certain that it will not be as easy as it was in the
last fifty years. Each of us, as an individual, will have to work a little harder and run a
little faster to keep our (5) ________ of living rising.
(Source: The world is flat by Thomas L.Friedman)
Question 1: A. gives B. turns C. phases D. holds
Question 2: A. seize B. convey C. learn D. devise
Question 3: A. would B. will C. ought D. had to
Question 4: A. eligibility B. boundary C. mobility D. organization
Question 5: A. condition B. favour C. criteria D. standard
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Exercise 32
What is the (1) ________ of the education system? Although this question may seem
ridiculous at first sight, it is actually not stupid as it (2) ________. The reason it is worth
trying to answer is that schools and universities clearly emphasise academic achievement,
passing exams and (3) ________ qualifications much more than acquiring skills such as
raising children or car maintenance. But why is it? Why do they neglect to teach practical
skills at school?
One answer may be that schools don't exist to help us gain useful knowledge about the
world. At school, what we are actually learning is how to learn effectively. The idea is
that we can then make use of that (4) ________ later on in life when we come to deal
with more practical aspects of day-to-day living.
However, some people argue that the current system is in fact a failure because it doesn't
(5) ________ teach children how to become good thinkers. Learning how to learn is one
thing. Learning how to think is quite another.
Question 1: A. spot B. way C. point D. tip
Question 2: A. sounds B. turns C. exposes D. appears
Question 3: A. increasing B. creating C. constructing D. obtaining
Question 4: A. opportunity B. ability C. measurements D. bravery
Question 5: A. bitterly B. actually C. readily D. hopefully
Exercise 33
Everybody has heard about the Internet, do you know what an “intranet” is? It is this: (1)
________ as the Internet connects people around the world, intranets connect people
within a single company. In fact, intranets (2) ________ use of the same software
programs like the Internet to contact computers and people. If your intranet is working
properly, it can (3) ________ together a huge amount of information that is stored in
different places in the company. In this way, people can get the information they need,
regardless of where it comes from. A company intranet can, of course, be used for
unimportant information like office memos or canteen menus. (4) ________ an intranet
should provide important information which people need to make a decision about new
products, costs and so on. The intranet is willing to share their information with other
people. (5) ________, many departments don’t want to share their specialist knowledge
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with others. Another problem that top managers like to use the intranet to give orders, not
to share information between themselves and others working in the same organization.
Question 1: A. known B. only C. such D. just
Question 2: A. make B. take C. conduct D. hold
Question 3: A. go B. get C. pull D. link
Question 4: A. But B. Though C. Also D. However
Question 5: A. Luckily B. Unfortunately C. Ironically D. Exponentially
Exercise 34
If you're familiar with Japanese culture then there's no doubt that you've heard of the (1)
________ kawaii. It makes many people think of pastel colors, Hello Kitty, frilly dresses,
anime and of course Japan! The word kawaii is nowadays translated to 'cute'. But kawaii
is actually so much more than just cute: it's a huge (2) ________ of Japanese culture and
can be found in anime, fashion, art, music, lifestyle and more!
Japan is a country with many (3) ________, one of these being the strict and formal work
culture vs the pink and frilly kawaii culture. Kawaii is a way for people to escape the
stress and extreme pressure from work and school and to express themselves in fashion,
art and lifestyle. If you have to behave (4) ________ all day, one way would be to grab a
drink at a bar, some people like to (5) ________ themselves in cuteness! Considering that
Japanese people have to wear uniforms basically their whole life at work and at school it
makes sense that they want to wear something completely different outside work.
(Source: https://yumetwins.com/news/what-is-kawaii)
Question 1: A. norm B. term C. poll D. look
Question 2: A. body B. ratio C. part D. area
Question 3: A. rivalries B. solidarities C. contradictions D. disagreements
Question 4: A. colossally B. exceptionally C. professionally D. humiliatingly
Question 5: A. involve B. register C. coerce D. indulge
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Exercise 35
The problems of racial minorities make the headlines occasionally when one group or
another resolves to (1)_____________ their protests against the oppressive treatment of
their authorities. The native Indians have been living within the (2)____________ of their
reserves, the Australian Aborigines have a hard time of integrating with the descendants
of the European colonizers and the African Movement keeps (3)____________ its war
against the concealed racial discrimination in America. There are also cultures and
nations whose heritage and history has only remained alive (4)____________ chronicles
and museums. Vast numbers of indigenous populations have been slaughtered by
merciless invaders or persecuted by acquisitive colonizers, then, deprived of their lands,
rights and properties. Many of them have (5)__________ with their oppressors to be
finally classified 'non-existent'.
1. A. place B. stage C. assure D. expose
2. A. boundaries B. realms C. margins D. zones
3. A. deploying B. engaging C. waging D. tackling
4. A. in lieu of B. in the way of C. by dint of D. for the sake of
5. A. intermingled B. exchanged C. intertwined D. incorporated
Exercise 36
Greenhouse gases are being released into the atmosphere 30 times faster than the time
when the Earth experiences a (1) ______ episode of global warming. A study comparing
the rate at which carbon dioxide and methane are being (2) ______ now, compared to 55
million years ago when global warming also occurred, has found dramatic differences in
the speed of release. James Zachos, professor of earth sciences at the University of
California, Santa Cruz, said the speed of present buildup of greenhouse gases is far
greater than during the global warming after the (3) ______ of the dinosaurs. “The
emissions that caused this past episode of global warming probably lasted 10,000 years,”
Professor Zachos told the American Association for the Advancement of Science at a
meeting in St. Louis. “By burning fossil fuels, we are likely to emit the same amount over
the next three centuries.” He warned that studies of global warming events in the
geological past (4) ______ the Earth’s climate passes a (5) ______ beyond which climate
change accelerates with the help of positive feedbacks - vicious circles of warming.
1. A. prearranged B. premier C. previous D. fundamental
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2. A. emitted B. exhaled C. incorporated D. digested
3. A. dementia B. demolition C. detachment D. demise
4. A. comment B. mark C. compliment D. indicate
5. A. barricade B. verge C. threshold D. perimeter
Exercise 37
The circular economy is not just another term for recycling, but a new way to think about
the connection between the environment and the economy. The traditional linear
economy creates, uses and then (1) _________ of materials and, as it does so,
(2)_________ to the destruction of the environment. The circular economy should be
(3)________ instead because it is a system which tries to reduce the resources used and
keep them in circulation. Products are created to be repaired, shared and easily recycled.
It means rethinking the way natural resources are used in order to get the maximum
benefit from them without having a (4)________ effect on the environment. Business
reliant on consumers buying new stuff every time something breaks should not worry.
Profits need not be cut because customers will still pay to (5)________ products repaired,
maintained or perhaps even updated.
1. A. restricts B. detracts C. imposes D. disposes
2. A. contributes B. promotes C. adapts D. broadens
3. A. exerted B. adopted C. donated D. diverted
4. A. hazardous B. deficient C. devoid D. detrimental
5. A. make B. let C. have D. ask
Exercise 38
Promoting children’s self-esteem seems to be one of the aims of modern childcare and
education. It goes hand in hand with a culture in which children are (1) _______ praised
for the most minor achievements. While this promotion of self-esteem is, rightly, a
reaction against sterner times when children weren’t praised enough, it also seems to be
caused by a fear of how failure will affect children: a fear that if they don’t succeed at a
task, they will somehow be damaged.
However, many scientists spend years experiencing continual failure in the lab until they
make a (2) _______. They know that (3) _______ this process advances scientific
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knowledge. In the same way, children need to experience failure to learn and grow. If
children have been praised for everything they’ve done, (4) _______ how good it is, then
failure in adult life will be all the more painful. After all, the heroes children try to
emulate have all reached the top in the face of ruthless competition. Like them, children
need to learn how to cope with failure and (5) _______ it to their advantage.
1. A. immensely B. devotedly C. thoroughly D. enthusiastically
2. A. break-up B. breakthrough C. breakdown D. breakaway
3. A. ultimately B. lastly C. conclusively D. latterly
4. A. according to B. regardless of C. consistent with D. depending on
5. A. move B. make C. turn D. take
Exercise 39
For many people doing physical exercise may (1)_________ a painful torturing of the
body. Therefore, there’s usually something we come up with that is of bigger importance
than putting one’s muscles through their (2) ____________. Unless we are forced to go
in for a physical training, we are (3) ____________ to treat it as something of a lower
priority than staying in front of the TV set, spending time in a pub sipping alcoholic
beverages or consuming excessive quantities of fattening confectionery in a café. We
need to be considerably motivated to (4) ____________ a body workout and build our
physical fitness. What usually repels individuals from (5) ____________ themselves to
strenuous exercise is the fear of fatigue, discomfort or even the inhibitions of being
outdone by true fitness zealots.
1. A. incorporate B. entail C. administer D. correspond
2. A. paces B. efforts C. labours D. burdens
3. A. tended B. implied C. affirmed D. inclined
4. A. take up B. put up C. get up D. make up
5. A. Committing B. absorbing C. involving D. Engrossing
Exercise 40.
Disruptive technologies are now dictating our future, as new innovations increasingly (1)
_______ the lines between physical, digital and biological realms. Robots are already in
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our operating rooms and fast-food restaurants; we can now use 3D imaging and stem-cell
(2) _______ to grow human bones from a patient's own cells; and 3D printing is creating
a circular economy in which we can use and then reuse raw materials. This tsunami of
technological innovation will continue to profoundly change how we live and work, and
how our societies operate. In what is now called the Fourth Industrial (3) _______,
technologies that are coming of age - including robotics, nanotechnology, virtual reality,
3D printing, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and advanced biology - will (4)
_______. And as these technologies continue to be developed and widely adopted, they
will bring about (5) _______ shifts in all disciplines, industries and economies, and in the
way that we produce, distribute, consume and dispose of goods and services.
1. A. gloss B. blur C. tamper D. distort
2. A. creation B. addition C. introduction D. extraction
3. A. Revolution B. Reformation C. Renovation D. Rehabilitation
4. A. converge B. suppose C. disperse D. conclude
5. A. high B. radical C. extreme D. severe
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CHAPTER 4:
SENTENCE
TRANSFORMATION
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1, Everyone thought that Jenny winning the game was a foregone conclusion, but she
lost.
A. Nobody expected that Jenny would lose the game, and their expectation was
proven true.
B. Against all expectations, Jenny got defeated in the game.
C. Jenny lost the game, which matched the expected outcome.
D. Jenny was thought to stand no chance of winning the game, which turned out to
be false.
2, Knowing that Kien and Phuong had prepared enough food to go round, I decided not to
buy more.
A. I need not have purchased more food as Kien and Phuong had prepared enough
for all people.
B. I bought some food, fearing that Kien and Phuong hadn’t prepared enough
dishes.
C. I didn’t need to buy more food, but I still purchased some.
D. Bearing in mind that sufficient food had been prepared for all people by Kien
and Phuong, I didn’t purchase more.
3, At the time of his death in 1870 he was a wealthy man, in contrast to the poverty of his
early days.
A. Although he was affluent during his childhood and adolescence, he was destitute
for the rest of his life.
B. Despite of his poverty during his early days, by the time of his death in 1870, he
had become a wealthy man.
C. In 1870, he became an affluent man and remained so for the rest of his lifetime.
D. When he passed away in 1870, he was an affluent man, contrary to his poverty
when he was young.
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4, "Should weather conditions remain unchanged, we hold out little hope that the missing
child will be found", said the leader of the rescue team.
A. The rescue team has been working hard to find the missing child, but to no avail
as weather conditions have been challenging.
B. As stated by the leader of the rescue team, the missing child might not be found
if weather conditions did not improve.
C. The leader of the rescue team expected to find the missing child despite no
betterment in weather conditions.
D. Weather conditions had been an impediment to rescue efforts, but the leader of
the rescue team assured that the missing child would be found.
5, Her ambition of emulating her father's success was realised after all of the hardships
she had to overcome without anybody's help.
A. She attained success after sailing through the ordeals thanks to the valuable
assistance from her father.
B. The realisation of her aim did not happen until she finished all of the challenging
tasks set by her father without any aid.
C. After getting over all obstacles by herself, she became as successful as her father,
achieving her ambition.
D. As she had a successful father, she did not bother to set herself a goal to achieve.
6, In April 2020, the Himalayas could be seen from Jalandhar in India for the first time in
several decades as lockdowns eased air pollution.
A. In April 2020, since air pollution was alleviated by lockdowns, people in
Jalandhar in India could catch sight of the Himalayas after several decades unable
to.
B. The Himalayas had been kept out of sight from people in Jalandhar in India for
centuries before lockdowns in April 2020 alleviated air pollution.
C. In April 2020, air pollution became a worsening problem, blocking views of the
Himalayas from Jalandhar in India during lockdowns.
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D. In April 2020, as lockdowns were imposed, the Himalayas could be seen clearer
from Jalandhar in India, although it had been noticed by people there for several
months.
7, Although I made no secret of my dislike for alcohol, those strangers kept inviting me
for some wine, which made me annoyed.
A. As I did not conceal my dislike for alcohol, those strangers stopped choking me.
B. Those stranger’s invitations to some wine made me irritated, but it made sense as
I hid my dislike for alcohol.
C. I was irritated when those strangers did not stop inviting me for some wine,
despite me not hiding my dislike for alcohol.
D. My dislike for alcohol kept me from being invited for some wine by strangers.
8, This afternoon, I had to take extra classes so on arriving home, I lost no time in
switching on the TV to watch my favorite programme which, fortunately, hadn’t started
yet.
A. This afternoon, as I had to take extra classes, I turned on the TV as soon as I
returned home to watch my favorite programme and luckily, it had yet to start.
B. After returning home from my extra classes this afternoon, I spent some time
doing other activities before turning on the TV to watch my favorite programme,
knowing that it would not start at the same time as scheduled.
C. This afternoon, as I had to take extra classes, I switched on the TV right after
arriving home to watch my favorite programme which had been shown for several
minutes.
D. I managed to keep my time safe as I switched on the TV to watch my favorite
programme which had not started yet after returning home from my extra classes
this afternoon.
9, It remains touch-and-go whether she can find her way to the finale, so I would rather
not hazard a guess now.
A. Her entering the finale is a foregone conclusion, so I don’t need to make a guess.
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B. The uncertainty of her entering the finale makes me inhibited to hazard a guess
now.
C. Whether she can enter the finale or not is none of my business so I would like to
avoid making a guess.
D. I ascertain that she will enter the finale so my guess now is quite clear.
10, She shot to stardom after her immaculate performance at the show and now she is a
household name.
A. After her perfect performance, she suddenly became widely known and now her
name is printed on many door plates.
B. She became more widely known after her perfect performance, even though she
had been popular with artists.
C. In spite of her flawed performance, she grabbed the attention of many people and
now she is very popular.
D. Following her perfect performance, she rose to stardom and now she is a popular
name with most people.
11, Vietnamese government’s efforts to contain the Covid-19 pandemic have been
receiving praise from many authorities in other countries across the globe.
A. Many authorities from other countries across the globe have ridiculed
Vietnamese government’s efforts to limit the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic.
B. Vietnamese government has not made adequate efforts to confine the outbreak of
the Covid-19 pandemic to a fixed place, which disappoints many authorities across
the world.
C. All around the world, many authorities have been complimenting on Vietnamese
government’s efforts to prevent the Covid-19 pandemic from spreading.
D. Vietnamese government’s efforts to limit the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic
have gone unnoticed by many authorities all around the world.
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12, She apologised for having made insensitive remarks about my appearance and hoped
that I would not take her comments amiss.
A. My appearance was dismissed as ridiculous, but she did not apologize to me for
making such insensitive remarks.
B. She apologised to me for the heartless remarks she made about my appearance
and hoped that I would not be offended by them.
C. I had already been infuriated by her comments, but my anger dwindled after
hearing her apology.
D. Her apology was insensitive and she wished that I would not take exception to
it.
13, To minimize the risk of human-to-human transmission, people going outdoors must
wear masks and any one defying this will be in hot water.
A. To preclude the risk of human-to-human transmission, it is mandatory for people
going outdoors to wear masks and non-compliance with this will cause trouble.
B. People going outdoors can choose whether to wear masks or not, and they will
not be fined if they decide to leave their masks at home.
C. Those going outdoors without masks will be provided with some so as to prevent
human-to-human transmission.
D. Transmitted from a person to another, the disease can be prevented by masks so
it is obligatory for people going outdoors to wear masks.
14, I have yet to experience this first-hand, but rumour has it that apparitions often appear
suddenly in the deserted castle, then vanish into thin air, causing terror for people brave
enough to enter it.
A. As rumoured by people, apparitions often appear out of nowhere in the
abandoned castle and disappear after some time, terrifying people bold enough to
enter it.
B. It is rumoured that apparitions often appear unexpectedly in the castle on the
desert, causing feelings of terror for people brave enough to enter the castle.
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C. I have not experienced this first-hand yet, but it is rumoured that in the deserted
castle, there can be sudden appearance of apparitions, then they disappear without
any trace left, frightening people bold enough to enter the castle.
D. My emboldened self once experienced the sudden appearance and vanishing of
apparitions in the deserted castle, but it was nowhere as frightening as rumoured.
15, When redecorating my room, I ran across some books that my grandmother presented
me with which had been gathering dust for years.
A. I accidentally found some of the books my grandmother gave to me which I
thought I had lost.
B. When redecorating my room, I accidentally caught sight of some books my
grandmother presented me with which had been left there without use for years.
C. Years had elapsed since I last redecorated my room when I hit upon some books
my grandmother gave to me as gifts.
D. The books I found by chance when redecorating my room reminded me of my
grandmother who gave them to me as presents.
16, Food waste not only impedes efforts to help the billions of people who are either
hungry or cannot afford a healthy diet, but also harms the environment.
A. In addition to hindering efforts to assist billions of people who neither get
enough nourishment nor afford a healthy diet, food waste also damages the
environment.
B. Besides spoiling the environment, food waste also causes prices of food to surge,
affecting billions of people worldwide.
C. Food waste hinders efforts to help billions of people who either get insufficient
amounts of food or find a healthy diet too expensive and also damages the
environment.
D. The environment bears the brunt of food waste and the race to reduce the number
of starved people is also impeded by food waste.
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17, Wasabi is included in the list of the most difficult plants to grow as it is prone to
diseases and requires special environments, time and care.
A. Wasabi ranks among the hardest plants to grow because it can suffer from
diseases easily and it demands for special environments.
B. The list of the hardest plants to grow in the world includes wasabi, as it requires
optimum conditions to be able to withstand diseases.
C. Diseases found in wasabi can damage the whole crop so planting wasabi requires
a lot of time and effort.
D. Wasabi is among the hardest plants to grow owing to its vulnerability to diseases
and requirement of special environments as well as time and care.
18, Before reaching the park, I drove past a dull and anonymous countryside.
A. Before we reached the park, I drove through a countryside which was dull and
had its name kept secret.
B. The countryside I drove past on the way to the park was amusingly mysterious.
C. When I returned from the park, I went past an uninteresting and ordinary
countryside.
D. The countryside I drove past on the way to the park had no unusual or interesting
features.
19, When choosing articles to read, I prefer to read those with self-explanatory titles.
A. Articles whose titles are easy to understand are my preference.
B. I only read articles whose titles do not need further explanation.
C. Titles which require more elaborate explanation capture my attention more than
those who do not.
D. Articles I read barely have titles that are easy to comprehend.
20, They are planning to boost research into what they call "frontier technology" as they
compete with another company for supremacy in the latest innovations.
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A. They have attained dominance in the field of "frontier technology" but another
company is increasing research to compete with them.
B. They are intending to increase research about the latest inventions to buy into
another company in the field of "frontier technology".
C. They have intentions of increasing research about what they call "frontier
technology", vying with another company for predominance in the most up-to-date
innovations.
D. Research about the so-called "frontier technology" will make them achieve
supremacy over another company.
21, Resigning was the only avenue left open to him.

A. He had some options to choose but decided to resign.
B. Resignation was among the options available for him.
C. He had no option but to resign.
D. He needn't have resigned.
22, The culture sector, which employs more than 30 million people globally, has been hit
much harder than expected by the coronavirus pandemic, UNESCO has said.
A. According to UNESCO, the culture sector, which creates jobs for more than 30
million people across the globe, has been responsive to impacts of the coronavirus
pandemic and they have survived.
B. Generating more than 30 million jobs worldwide, the culture sector, according to
UNESCO, has been hit much harder than expected by the coronavirus pandemic.
C. As stated by UNESCO, the culture sector, which generates jobs for more than 30
million people worldwide, has been more negatively affected than expected by the
coronavirus pandemic.
D. The culture sector, which involves 30 million people globally, has been able to
withstand the coronavirus pandemic, according to UNESCO.
23, She had been under the illusion that she would get the job.
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A. She wrongly believed that she would be given the sack.

B. She imagined that she would get the job and her imagination turned out to be
true.
C. She firmly believed that she would be offered the job.
D. She wrongly believed in her getting the job.
24, The person lending her name to this school was a writer whose works usually
received critical acclaim.
A. This school was named after a writer whose works were usually praised.
B. This school borrowed its name from a person who worked as a writer and her
works were often criticised.
C. Usually, schools are named after writers whose works are praised.
D. She whose works were often praised had her name derived from this school.
25, I’m not sure whether there exists an invisible connection between me and this song,
but it never fails to uplift me when I’m down in the dumps.
A. There certainly exists an invisible link between me and this song because
whenever I’m unhappy, it improves my mood.
B. Whether there is an invisible connection between me and this song is not
important, because it always makes me happier.
C. It is not certain that there is an invisible connection between me and this song but
it cheers me up whenever I’m unhappy.
D. This song never fails to make me happier when I’m sad, so there’s no doubt that
there exists an invisible connection between me and it.
26. You use your iphone X a lot, so you have large phone bills.
A. If you don’t use your iphone X a lot, you don’t have large phone bills.
B. If you didn’t use your iphone X a lot, you wouldn’t have large phone bills.
C. If you don’t use your iphone X a lot, you won’t have large phone bills.
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D. If you won’t use your iphone X a lot, you won’t have large phone bills.
27. I think we should change the topic of our presentation.
A. It’s high time that we change the topic of our presentation.
B. I’d rather our presentation change the topic.
C. It’s high time that we changed the topic of our presentation.
D. I suggest we to change the topic of our presentation.
28. Had she read the reference books, she would have been able to finish the test.
A. If she had read the reference books, she could finish the test.
B. Because she read the reference books, she was able to finish the test.
C. Although she didn’t read the reference books, she was able to finish the test.
D. Not having read the reference books, she couldn’t finish the test.
29. To get to work on time, they have to leave at 6.00am.
A. They always leave for work at 6.00am.
B. They have to leave very early to catch a bus to work.
C. Getting to work on time, for them, means leaving at 6.00am.
D. Leaving at 6.00am, they have never been late for work.
30. Rapid ups and downs in the number of online students could be observed in the
pandemic.
A. The number of online students changed dramatically in the pandemic.
B. The number of online students did not stay the same in the pandemic.
C. The number of online students fluctuated wildly in the pandemic.
D. The number of online students went up and then fell in the pandemic.
31. You must never take the helmet off when you drive.
A. Helmets must be worn at all times when driving.
B. Helmets must be taken around with you when you drive.
C. Wearing helmets is never taken into consideration when driving.
D. Helmets are an optional part of you when you drive.
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32. I thought she was the right person for the position, yet it turned put that she was
quite useless.
A. Because I was expecting her to be competent, I was shocked to see her perform
rather badly.
B. I was mistaken about her suitability for the position since she proved rather
incompetent.
C. Contrary to my initial impression, she was not totally unsuitable for the
position.
D. I was right in thinking that she was totally useless for the job.
33. Stephanie was the last person to hand in the essay on the advantages and
disadvantages of social networks.
A. The last thing Stephanie handed in was her essay on the advantages and
disadvantages of social networks.
B. Everyone had submitted the essay on the advantages and disadvantages of
social networks before Stephanie did.
C. Among the last people who submitted the essay on the advantages and
disadvantages of social networks was Stephanie.
D. Everyone had heard about the essay on the advantages and disadvantages of
social networks before Stephanie did.
34. He was so addicted to social networks that he quitted all other outdoor activities.
A. He was not addicted enough to quit all other outdoor activities.
B. He was such an addict to social networks that he quitted all other outdoor
activities.
C. The social networks are too addictive for him to quit all other outdoor activities.
D. He had quitted all other outdoor activities before he became addicted to social
networks.
35. “Jim, why don’t you open a new account on Facebook or Twitter?” said Jane.
A. Jane suggested Jim opened a new account on Facebook or Twitter.
B. Jane suggested Jim opens a new account on Facebook or Twitter.
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C. Jane suggested Jim should open a new account on Facebook or Twitter.

D. Jane suggested Jim to open a new account on Facebook or Twitter.
36. Many immigrants do not want their children to suffer from not speaking dominant
language well, as they did.
A. Many immigrants do not want their children to speak dominant language as
worse as they did.
B. Many immigrants want their children to speak dominant language better than
they did.
C. Many immigrants want their children to speak dominant language as well as
they did.
D. Many immigrants want to speak dominant language as well as their children
can.
37. People are not allowed to approach animals in safari parks.
A. People are prohibited from approaching animals in safari parks.
B. People are advised not to approach animals in safari parks.
C. Safari parks don’t prohibit people from approaching animals.
D. Safari parks allow people to approach animals.
38. All of the courses I have taken, this one is the hardest but most interesting.
A. All of the courses I have taken are easier than and as interesting as this one.
B. All of the courses I have taken are tougher and more fascinating than this.
C. No other course I have taken was harder nor less fascinating than this.
D. No other course I have taken was as tough nor as fascinating as this one.
39. “Let‘s give her more information about our plan next week” said Michael.
A. Michael suggested giving her more information about their plan the following
week.
B. Michael proposed that he would give her more information about their plan
next week.
C. Michael blamed them for not giving her more information about their plan the
following week.
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D. Michael wanted to have permission to give her more information about next
week‘s plan.
40. It was wrong of you to criticize her in front of her colleagues.
A. You are wrong about criticizing her in front of her colleagues.
B. You shouldn‘t have criticized her in front of her colleagues.
C. You didn‘t need to criticize her in the presence of her colleagues.
D. You must be mistaken about criticizing her with her colleagues.
41. However much effort he put ino it, he will never make go of the business.
A. He is a failure as a businessman even though he’s extremely hardworking.
B.No matter how hard he tries, he won’t ever turn that business into a going
concern.
C. The success of the business will depend upon the amount of hard work he puts
into it.
D. Unless he is willing to make more of a n effort, the business is never likely to
be a success.
42. The last time I saw Peter was when I ran into him at the station on my way to
Glasgow.
A. I haven’t seen Peter since a chance meeting with him at the station when I was
setting off for Glasgow.
B. The last time I went to Glasgow, I happened to meet Peter at the station.
C. When I saw Peter at the station when I was on my way to Glasgow, I ran after
him.
D. I finally saw Peter at the station when I was on my way to Glasgow.
43. We got caught in a traffic jam so we were among the last to arrive at the cinema.
A. The traffic jam prevented us from getting to the cinema.
B. The traffic was so heavy that everybody arrived at the cinema late.
C. There was such a congestion on the road that nobody arrived at the cinema on
time.
D. Most people got to the cinema before us as we were held up by the traffic jam.
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44. People think that traffic congestion in the downtown area is due to the increasing
number of private cars.
A. Traffic congestion in the downtown area is blamed for the increasing number of
private cars.
B. The increasing number of private cars is thought to be responsible for traffic
congestion in the downtown area.
C. The increasing number of private cars is attributed to traffic congestion in the
downtown area.
D. Traffic congestion in the downtown area is thought to result in the increasing
number of private cars.
45. The president offered his congratulations to the players when they won the cup.
A. The president congratulated the players on their winning the match.
B. When they won the cup, the players had been offered some congratulations
from the president.
C. The president would offered the players congratulations if they won the match.
D. The president congratulated that the players had won the cup.
46. Although my parents are busy at work, they try to find time for their children.
A. My parents are so busy at work that they cannot find time for their children.
B. Busy at work as my parents are, they try to find time for their children.
C. My parents are too busy at work to find time for their children.
D. My friends rarely have time for their children because they are busy at work.
47. Our plans for an excursion to Tu Duc Tomb in Hue have been spoilt by the weather.
A. Because of the bad weather, our excursion to Tu Duc Tomb in Hue was put off
later.
B. Our plans for an excursion to Tu Duc Tomb in Hue have fallen through because
the weather was so bad.
C. The bad weather was the reason that made our excursion to Tu Duc Tomb in
Hue have been fallen over.
D. Our plans for an excursion have fallen away because the weather was bad.
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48. Everyone started complaining the moment the tax rise announcement was made.
A. No sooner did everyone start complaining than the tax rise announcement was
made.
B. As soon as the tax rise announcement was made, everyone started complaining.
C. No sooner had the tax rise announcement made than everyone started
complaining.
D. Everyone started complaining that the tax rise announcement was made.
49. “I’m very pleased at how things have turned out”, she said to her employees.
A. She asked her employees how things had turned out and was pleased to know
it.
B. She expressed her satisfaction with the way things had turned out.
C. She complimented her employees for making things turn out.
D. She wanted her employees to tell her how many things had turned out.
50. It was careless of you to leave the windows on the second floor open last night.
A. You shouldn’t leave the windows on the second floor open last night.
B. You were so careless that you left the windows on the second floor open last
night.
C. You shouldn’t have left the windows on the second floor open last night.
D. You might have been careless because you left the windows on the second
floor open last night.
51. It wasn’t believed until the 15’h century that the earth revolves around the sun.
A. That wasn’t believed before the 15th century that the earth revolves around the
sun.
B. That the earth revolves around the sun wasn’t believed until the l5th century.
C. The earth was believed to revolve around the sun until the 15th century.
D. Not until the l5th century the earth was believed. to revolve around the sun.
52. He was such a wet blanket at the party tonight!
A. He made people at the party wet through.
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B. He spoiled other people’s pleasure at the party.

C. He bought a wet blanket to the party.
D. He was wet through when going home from the party.
53. The minister’s popularity suffered as a result of the scandal.
A. The scandal made the minister popular.
B. Despite the scandal, the minister’s popularity remained the same.
C. The scandal had a negative effect on the minister’s polularity.
D. The scandal had a good effect on the minister’s popularity.
54. I would be very grateful if you could send me the document.
A. I would appreciate your sending me the document.
B. I was very grateful for your document.
C. I’m upset about your not sending me the document.
D. Do not send me the document, please.
55. Jerrie couldn’t say a word as he was so shocked at what he heard.
A. Jerrie who was so shocked at what he heard couldn’t say a word.
B. Jerrie was so shocked at what he heard to say a word.
C. Jerrie so shocked at what he heard couldn’t say a word.
D. So shocked at what he heard, Jerrie couldn’t say a word.
56. Most students in our class are aware of the importance of learning life skills.
A. Not every student in our class is aware of the importance of learning life skills.
B. Not a single student in our class is unaware of the importance of learning life
skills.
C. All students in our class are aware of the importance of learning life skills.
D. Almost all students in our class are aware of the importance of learning life
skills.
57. “Be sorry for sending the wrong information, Kate” said Rita.
A. Kate sent the wrong information, and she was sorry.
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B. Rita apologized to Kate for sending her the wrong information.

C. Rita was sorry about Kate’s sending the wrong information.
D. Rita was sorry for not sending Kate the information.
58. I did not understand what the lecturer was saying because I had not read his book.
A. What the lecturer wrote and said was too difficult for me to understand.
B. The lecturer’s book which I had not read was difficult to understand.
C. I found it very difficult to understand what the lecturer said in his book.
D. I would have understood what the lecturer was saying if I had read his book.
59. You needn’t have taken so many warm clothes there.
A. It’s not necessary for you to take so many warm clothes there.
B. You have taken so many warm clothes that I don’t need.
C. You took a lot of warm clothes there but it turned out to be not necessary.
D. There is no need for you to take so many warm clothes there.
60. I thought I should not stay at my grandparent’s home looking after the baby
yesterday.
A. I regretted staying at my grandparent’s home looking after the baby yesterday.
B. I should have stayed at my grandparent’s home looking after the baby
yesterday.
C. I regret for staying at my grandparent’s home looking after the baby yesterday.
D. I regret to stay at my grandparent’s home looking after the baby yesterday.
61. You can never be sure about the accuracy of TV weather reports.
A. If you want to know how the weather is going to be, you should watch TV.
B. There are more accurate ways of learning how the weather will be than
watching TV.
C. If I were you, I would rely on the TV weather report.
D. Weather forecasts on television are notoriously unreliable.
62. It’s thought that the accident was caused by human error.
A. The accident took place because of thoughtlessness.
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B. Humans’ thoughtlessness caused the accident.

C. The accident is thought to have been caused by human error.
D. The accident is thought to cause human error.
63. The CEO has arranged for him to use the car whenever he likes
A. The CEO has made allowance for him to use the car whenever he likes.
B. The CEO has put the car at his disposal
C. The CEO has granted him with the opportunity to use the car
D. The car can be used at his disposal
64. They went to any lengths to keep their notorious love affair secret
A, They made every effort to keep their notorious love affair secret
B, It’s doubtful if they could do anything to keep their notorious love affair secret
C, Once challenged, they wouldn’t stop to keep their notorious love affair secret
D, They are in favor of keeping their notorious love affair secret.
65. Wealthy as those billionaires were, they were far from happy.
A. Wealthy as those billionaires were, they are far from happy.
B. Although those billionaires were wealthy, they were not happy.
C. Those billionaires were as wealthy as they were happy
D. Even if those billionaires were wealthy, they were not happy.
66. Going to a bar for a drink is the last thing I want to do on Winter holidays.
A. I spend my Winter holidays going to bars for a drink.
B. I often go to a bar for a drink when I have finiThe CEOd everything else.
C. I don’t want to go to a bar for a drink when I am on a Winter holiday.
D. I last went to a bar for a drink when I was on Winter holiday.
67. Despite the fact that it was snowing, I felt warm because my crush stood so close to
me.
A. Although it was snowing, I felt warm because my crush stood so close to me.
B. Although I felt warm because my crush stood so close to me, it was snowing.
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C. In spite of feeling warm because my crush stood so close to me, it was s

nowing.
D. In spite of snowing, I felt warm because my crush stood so close to me.
68. He is such a slow speaker that his students get bored.
A. He speaks so slowly that his students get bored.
B. His students got bored because he spoke so slowly.
C. If he hadn’t spoken so slowly, his students wouldn’t got bored
D. When the speaker is slow, his students get bored.
69. Most people get fewer colds in the summer than in the winter.
A. A person is more likely to get a cold in the winter than in the summer
B. More people have summer colds than winter colds
C. People get colder in the summer than in the winter
D. The winter is much colder than the summer
70. The famous Korean band Wanna One has given up performing live.
A. The famous Korean band Wanna One ‘s performance has always been live
B. The famous Korean band Wanna One used to perform live.
C. The famous Korean band Wanna One ‘s live performance has been c
ancelled
D. The famous Korean band Wanna One is accusJerrieed to performing live
71. Had the advertisement for our milktea product been better, more people would have
bought it.
A. Since our advertisement for our milktea product was so bad, fewer people
bought it.
B. Our milktea product was of better quality so that more people would buy it.
C. Fewer people bought our milktea product due to its bad quality.
D. Not many people bought our milktea product because it was so bad.
72. My mother likes nothing better than playing chess during her summer vacation .
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A. My mother would prefer playing chess rather than doing nothing during her
summer vacation.
B. Playing chess is my mother’s favourite enjoyment during her summer vacation.
C. My mother prefers doing nothing to playing chess during her summer vacation.
D. My mother doesn’t like playing chess in her free time.
73. At this time Jerrieorrow, hopefully, I’ll be relaxing at home rather than working this
hard.
A. Resting at home is something I hope to be doing at this time Jerrieorrow, but
I’ll probably be working quite hard instead.
B. Jerrieorrow, rather than relaxing at home as I’d hoped to do, I’ll be working
quite hard.
C. I’m planning to relax at home Jerrieorrow, instead of working so hard.
D. I hope that, instead of working so hard at this time Jerrieorrow, I’ll be at home
resting.
74. Public education is so good in European countries that there is almost no demand for
private schools.
A. Even the excellence of public education in Europe does not stop people from
sending their children to private schools.
B. People still send their children to private schools in Europe although the public
education system is excellent.
C. Hardly anyone sends their children to private schools in Europe because state
schools are excellent.
D. In Europe, there is no reason for parents to send their children to private
schools because state schools are so good.
75. The number of people participating in the conference on climate change was far
below my expectation.
A. I had expected that many more people would actually attend the conference on
climate change.
B. I think attendance at the conference on climate change was low because it was
held too far away from the city centre.
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C. I knew that holding such a conference on climate change required the

participation of more people.
D. The number of participants at the conference on climate change far exceeded
my expectations.
76. Seeing how happy The CEO looked, I was certain that Michelle had proposed to her.
A. I knew just by looking at her that Annie was in love with Michelle.
B. The happy look on her face convinced me that Annie’d received a marriage
proposal from Michelle.
C. Judging by the happy look on her face, I guess that Annie accepted Michelle’s
marriage proposal.
D. When I talked to her, I learnt that Annie was so happy because Michelle had
proposed to her.
77. By the end of our tour, we had been to every major city in Eastern Europe, except
Tallinn, in Estonia.
A. Towards the end of our trip, having visited all the main cities in Eastern
Europe, we also wanted to see Tallinn, in Estonia.
B. Our tour included almost all major cities in Eastern Europe, besides Tallinn, In
Estonia.
C. During our trip, we visited all the main cities of Estonia, in Eastern Europe,
apart from Tallinn.
D. With the exception of Tallinn, in Estonia, we visited all the important cities in
Eastern Europe during our trip.
78. Annie has been living on her own for about ten years, but Annie had never been
financially secure until Annie got that bank job last year.
A. Annie’s been having financial troubles during the last ten years, even though
Annie’s been living on her own and working in a bank the whole time.
B. A year ago Annie found a job in a bank and became financially secure for the
first time since Annie began living by herself about a decade ago.
C. For ten years Annie had been living there all alone, and was never financially
secure even with the bank job Annie found last year.
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D. Annie hasn’t been living with anyone for nearly ten years, but owing to her
bank job, Annie’s never had any financial worries.
79. The capital city of Vietnam, Hanoi has maintained the atmosphere of a feudal
Vietnamese city.
A. Vietnam’s capital, Hanoi, is a feudal Vietnamese city with a nice atmosphere.
B. Vietnam’s capital city, Hanoi was establiAnnied in feudal times, and it looks
like a Vietnamese city.
C. Hanoi, Vietnam’s capital city, was establiAnnied by the Vietnameses in feudal
times.
D. Hanoi, Vietnam’s capital city, still reflects the characteristics of a feudal
Vietnamese city.
80. When we arrived at the party after our car broke down on the way there, there weren’t
many people left.
A. Our car broke down on the way to the party and by the time we got there, most
of the guests had already left.
B. Because we had car trouble on the way to the party, many people grew tired of
waiting and left before we arrived there.
C. Not many people had left the party yet when we got there, although we were
late because of a car problem on the way.
D. When we arrived at the party after we had had car trouble on the way there,
hardly anyone had left yet.
81. Mai had to buy a new battery for her iphone X because the charge was unable to last
for more than two hours.
A. Mai had to charge a new battery for her iphone X because the old one lasted for
a little over two hours.
B. Mai’s iphone X couldn’t hold a charge for more than two hours, so Annie had
to buy a new battery.
C. Because mai charged her new iphone X battery for only two hours, the charge
did not last very long.
D. The new battery Mai bought for her iphone X would not hold a charge for
longer than two hours , so Annie had to buy a new battery.
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82. No sooner had Christine begun her new job than Annie knew Annie had made a
mistake.
A. As soon as Christine started working, Annie realized that her decision had not
been a good one.
B. Had Christine not just begun a new job, Annie would have gone looking for a
better one.
C. Just before Christine took up her new post, Annie realized that Annie was not
suited for it.
D. Since Christine did not like her new job, Annie began looking for one more
suitable to her.
83. The important online meeting on Microsoft Team was put off because of pressure of
time.
A. The important online meeting on Microsoft Team was planned to start late
because of time pressure.
B. The important online meeting on Microsoft Team started earlier because people
wanted to leave early.
C. There was not enough time to hold the important online meeting on Microsoft
Team.
D. The important online meeting on Microsoft Team lasted much longer than
usual.
84. By next January my elder brother will have been working as an AI programmer for
two years.
A. My elder brother used to work as an AI programmer for two years.
B. My elder brother has been working as an AI programmer for two years.
C. My elder brother is working as an AI programmer at the moment.
D. My elder brother will be working as an AI programmer for another two years.
85. “ Standing too near the edge of the cliff can cost you your life”, the tour guide told us.
A. The tour guide told us about the thrill of standing too near the edge of the cliff.
B. The tour guide dared us to stand too near the edge of the cliff to feel the danger.
C. The tour guide warned us about the danger of standing too near the edge of the cliff.
D. The tour guide threaten us to risk our life by standing near the edge of the cliff.
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86. “Don’t forget to tidy up the final draft before your submission to our professor,” the
class monitor told us.
A. The class monitor ordered us to tidy up the final draft before your submission
to our professor.
B. The class monitor reminded us to tidy up the final draft before your submission
to our professor.
C. The class monitor asked us to tidy up the final draft before your submission to
our professor.
D. The class monitor simply wanted us to tidy up the final draft before your
submission to our professor.
87. I’m sure my younger brother was very disappointed when he failed the driving test
last week.
A. My younger brother must be very disappointed when he failed the driving test
last week.
B. My younger brother must have been very disappointed when he failed the
driving test last week.
C. My younger brother may be very disappointed when he failed the driving test
last week.
D. My younger brother could have been very disappointed when he failed the
driving test last week.
88. They couldn’t climb up mount Fansipan because of the storm that struck Lao Cai.
A. The storm that struck Lao Cai made them impossible to climb up mount
Fansipan.
B. The storm that struck Lao Cai discouraged them from climbing up mount
Fansipan.
C. Their climbing up mount Fansipan was unable due to the storm that struck Lao
Cai.
D. The storm that struck Lao Cai made it not capable of climbing up mount
Fansipan.
89. The professor’s reputation was such that he was nominated for the award.
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A. The professor established a reputation as the nominee for the award.

B. The professor was reputed to be nominated for the award.
C. The professor was held in such high regard that he was nominated for the
award.
D. The professor had scant regard for the award, which earned him a reputation.
90. The organisers were not happy with the way the press covered the event.
A. The way the press covered the event met with wholehearted approval from the
organisers.
B. Had it not been for the press coverage of the event. the organisers would nost
have been so elated.
C. It was the way the press covered the event that brought great satisfaction to the
organisers.
D. The organisers took issue with the press coverage of the event.
91. Solar panels and wind turbines are far more commonplace now.
A. Solar panels have nothing in common with wind turbines.
B. Solar panels and wind turbines used to be a much less common sight before.
C. It is common knowledge that the demands for solar panels and wind turbines
are declining.
D. Solar panels and wind turbines are the most common forms of energy
production now.
92. The environmentalist supported his claims with scientific evidence.
A. The environmentalist’s claims were backed up with scientific evidence.
B. The environmentalist backed out of his claims due to lack of scientific
evidence.
C. The environmentalist backed away from his claims although the scientific
evidence was available.
D. The environmentalist went back on what he used to claim about the scientific
evidence.
93. That little joke really caused a lot of trouble for me.
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A. That little joke really got me into deep water.

B. That little joke really made me feel like a fish out of water.
C. That little joke really blew me out of the water.
D. That little joke really got my head over water.
94. Joe would only agree to continue the trip if he could drive instead of Paul.
A. Joe demanded being behind the wheels instead of Paul after he agreed to
continue the trip.
B. Joe insisted on taking over from Paul as a driver before he would agree to
continue the trip.
C. Joe wanted to drive the car with Paul so much that he disagreed to continue the
trip.
D. Joe insisted on being taken over by Paul as a driver before he would agree to
continue the trip.
95. It’s important to know the difference between a joke and a lie.
A. It is important to know how to draw the line between a joke and a lie.
B. It is important to know how to paint the line between a joke and a lie.
C. It is important to know how to drive a wedge between a joke and a lie.
D. It is important to know how to waver between a joke and a lie.
96. He was exasperated with being criticized in public all the time.
A. He was kicking in the teeth with being criticized in public all the time.
B. He was armed to the teeth with being criticized in public all the time.
C. He was fed up to the back teeth with being criticized in public all the time.
D. He was setting his teeth on edge with being criticized in public all the time.
97. They have been arguing about the motorway extension for years.
A. The motorway extension has been a bag of bones for years.
B. The motorway extension has been a bone of contention for years.
C. The motorway extension has been a bone in the throat for years.
D. The motorway extension has been bone idle for years.
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98. I always had the feeling she was not pushing our friendship forward.
A. I always had the feeling she was keeping me at arm’s length.
B. I always had the feeling she was keeping faith with me.
C. I always had the feeling she was keeping me on a string.
D. I always had the feeling she was keeping me on tenterhooks.
99. Anna had decided Tom was not telling the truth about what happened.
A. Anna was sure Tom was getting his teeth into what happened.
B. Anna was sure Tom was making his teeth itch about what happened.
C. Anna was sure Tom was taking the bit in his teeth about what happened.
D. Anna was sure Tom was lying through his teeth about what happened.
100. It was bad the adults pretended to be unaware of the kids’ problems.
A. The adults shouldn’t have buried their head in the sand about the kids’
problems.
B. The adults shouldn’t have beaten their head against the wall about the kids’
problems.
C. The adults shouldn’t have coughed their head off about the kids’ problems.
D. The adults shouldn’t have been in over their head about the kids’ problems.
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CHAPTER 5:
READING
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READING 01
Forget global terrorism - for most of the world's population, ticking time bombs like
earthquakes, supervolcanoes and hurricanes pose a far greater threat. Natural disaster
expert Bill McGuire reveals a few of the top catastrophes waiting to happen.
With NASA's eminent climate scientist, Jim Hansen, concerned that collapsing polar ice
sheets could result in sea levels rising 1-2m this century and several more in the next,
prospects for the Earth's coastal zones are bleak. A 1m rise would threaten one-third of
the world's agricultural land, while a 4m rise would maroon Miami 60km offshore.
Rising sea levels is not the only threat to coastal regions. The Cumbre Vieja volcano on
the Canary Island of La Palma is slowly creeping seawards. During a future eruption, this
gigantic landslide will plunge into the ocean, pushing up a bulge of water close to a
kilometre high, spawning a mega-tsunami capable of devastating all the coastal areas
surrounding the North Atlantic.
Coastal regions also face the menace of desertification. By 2030, over half a billion
people living around the shores of the Mediterranean will be viewing the encroaching
desert with increasing panic. An area bigger than the UK, and home to 16 million people,
is threatened - by the end of the century - with transformation from a green and pleasant
land to a baking wilderness of sand and rock.
However, these disasters seem pale in comparison to the mega-catastrophes waiting to
happen like supervolcanoes, for instance. Every 50 millennia or so, a colossal volcanic
blast expels sufficient ash and gas to cover a continent and block the Sun's rays for years
on end, heralding a bitter volcanic winter. At Yellowstone in Wyoming, US, two such
super-eruptions have shattered the crust in the last 2.1 million years and the volcano
there remains restless. An asteroid attack is another threat which would have devastating
consequences. A total of 713 asteroids with diameters of 1km or more, and the potential
to clobber the Earth at some future date, have been identified. A 2km asteroid would load
the atmosphere with dust and trigger a sustained global freeze. Harvests would fail and
billions would die. Fortunately, such collisions only happen every couple of million
years.
1. Which best serves as the title for the passage?

A. Disasters in Waiting
B. Threats to the Earth’s Coastal Zones
C. The Mega-catastrophes That Could End the World
D. Surprising Facts about Supervolcanoes
2. According to the passage, what poses an imminent threat to us?
A. the increase of global terrorism
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B. the rise in the world's population

C. the consequences of climate change and natural disasters
D. time bombs waiting to go off
3. The word “bleak” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to __________
A. auspicious B. promising C. commanding D. gloomy
4. Which aspect of the Cumbre Vieja eruption will have the worst effects?
A. the eruption itself B. the subsequent mega-tsunami
C. the plunge into the ocean D. the resulting landslide
5. The word “maroon” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to __________
A. push B. leave C. surge D. pull
6. The process of desertification threatening the shores of the Mediterranean will occur
__________.
A. gradually B. at the end of this century
C. to an area not quite as big as the UK D. all of a sudden
7. The word “menace” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to __________
A. acceleration B. spread C. threat D. process
8. How often does a supervolcano take place?
A. once every century B. once every 50 thousand years
C. once every couple of million years D. once every 50 million years
9. The word “there” in paragraph 4 refers to __________
A. the continent B. Yellowstone C. The US D. the crust
10. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Terrorism is the most challenging issue facing the world.
B. Rising sea levels wreak greater havoc on coastal regions than volcanoes do.
C. The UK is one of the countries most heavily affected by desertification.
D. Both supervolcanoes and asteroid attacks lead to extremely cold weather conditions.
READING 02
A WALK IN THE MIDDAY SUN
Hot weather makes your heart pump harder, and if you're not very fit, you start to
understand why the majority of mountain rescue statistics are made up from summer
walkers suffering heart attacks. Heat exhaustion is quite easy to get when you're making a
great physical effort. It happens where your body can't produce enough sweat to keep you
cool.
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The answer is to keep up your water intake. It's a good idea to drink a pint of water for
every 10 degrees Fahrenheit every 24 hours. So, if the temperature is in the 70s, and you
are doing a five-hour walk, you’ll need a minimum of around one and a half pints of
water. It’s vital that you don’t wait until you develop a raging thirst before you stop for a
drink - keep taking regular swigs from your water bottle.
Many walkers flavour their water with fruit juice, which makes it a lot more palatable.
You could even use one of the isotonic drinks made for athletes, which replace the body’s
salts lost through sweating. Powders such as Dioralyte, which you may have in the house
as a treatment for diarrhoea, will do the job just as well as its main aim is also effective
rehydration.
Given that evaporation is your body’s cooling mechanism, you can help things along with
an external application of water. Soaking your hat with water is a great way to cool the
head, though if the sun is beating down, it will probably dry off almost immediately.
Better still then if you can plunge into a river or the sea fully-clothed. And if that’s not
possible, then at least take off your boots and socks and paddle in a cool stream.
1, What is the main topic of this passage?

A. primary causes of deaths in summer
B. how to make water tastier
C. reasons and ways to remain hydrated in hot weather
D. the mechanism of sweating
2, What does the author say in the first paragraph?
A. Most mountain rescue attempts are for walkers with heart attacks.
B. Heat exhaustion usually happens when a person relaxes.
C. Your heart rate decreases when it’s hot.
D. Sweat is needed for the body to remain warm.
3, What does the phrase “in the 70s” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. between 1970 and 1979
B. between 70 and 79 Celsius degrees
C. lower than 70 centigrades
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D. between 70 and 79 Fahrenheit degrees

4, What can be implied from the phrase “do the job just as well” in paragraph 3?
A. Dioralyte is an effective remedy for diarrhoea.
B. Rehydration can be as effectively achieved by using Dioralyte as by
consuming an isotonic drink.
C. Dioralyte’s effectiveness is far better than isotonic drinks.
D. Salts lost through sweating cannot be replenished.
5, According to the passage, which of the following is the best method for external
application of water?
A. Soaking hats with water.
B. Diving into a river while fully-clothed.
C. Removing boots and socks from one’s outfits.
D. Sculling in a stream.
6, The writer advises readers against which of the following?
A. Waiting until you are gasping for water then take a drink.
B. Drinking regularly when you are walking in hot weather.
C. Using fruit juice to better the taste of your water.
D. Staying in the house for most of the day when it’s hot.
7, Which of the following is the most likely to be a target audience of this passage?
A. People trekking in the mountains.
B. People suffering from heart attacks.
C. People walking in hot weather.
D. People yearning to stay in shape.
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READING 03
TECHNOLOGY AND VISIONS OF THE FUTURE
Has the present lived up to the expectations of the past? Throughout the ages people have
tried to predict what life in the twenty-first century would be like. Many science-fiction
writers did manage to predict the influence the computer would have on our world. Some
even imagined that it would take over our lives, develop a personality, and turn on its
creators. To some extent they were right, especially when it comes to children and cyber
addiction. One constant prediction was that, thanks to computers and machines, the time
devoted to labour would diminish. Even in 1971, in his book Future Shock, Alvin Toffler
envisaged a society awash with ‘free time’. The author noted that time at work had been
cut in half since the turn of the previous century and wrongly speculated that it would be
cut in half again by 2000.
However, our gadget-filled homes are a tribute to the various visions of the future: the
microwave oven, internet fridges with ice-cube dispensers, freezers, video monitors,
climate control, dishwashers, washing machines, personal computers, wireless
connections and cupboards full of instant food. These may no longer be considered
cutting-edge but they have matched, if not surpassed, visions of how we would live. The
domestic robot never quite happened, but if you can phone ahead to set the heating and
use a remote control to operate the garage door, they may as well be redundant.
1, What is probably the main aim of this passage?

A. To corroborate claims made by science-fiction writers.
B. To compare present-day technologies with those of the past.
C. To compare present-day technology and gadgets with expectations held by
people in the past.
D. To contrast computers nowadays and microprocessors in the past.
2, According to the passage, what proves that computers are dominating people’s lives in
some way?
A. reduced time needed for human labour
B. Internet addiction
C. the formation of personalities within computers
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D. robotic takeovers
3, Which of the following statements is false according to the text?
A. Predictions made by Alan Toffler have been disproved.
B. Attempts have been made to envisage a twenty-first society.
C. Household gadgets have yet to live up to past expectations.
D. Robots may be made redundant in the home.
4, The word “cutting-edge” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to:
A. superannuated
B. perennial
C. modernized
D. state-of-the-art
5, According to the passage, projections were made about all of the following EXCEPT:
A. the development of assembly lines
B. the impacts of computers on the society
C. attacks on humans by computers
D. life in the twenty-first century
READING 04
THE ELEVATOR
Next time you are in a lift, look for the name of the people who made it. Chances are it
will be the Otis Elevator Company. It was Elisha Otis who invented the gadget that made
the modern passenger lift possible. The concept of elevation was already well established.
Louis XV of France disliked stairs so much that he was regularly hoisted skywards in a
‘flying chair’ by several strong men hauling on ropes. In Otis’ time, warehouses
commonly used moving platforms to transport goods between floors. However, elevating
anything further than one floor or weighting more than 70 kilograms would have been
considered far too dangerous.
Otis worked for a bed manufacturer who was keen to expand his business but needed to
find a way to move his beds to an upper floor for storage. The inventive Otis soon had a
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solution to the safety problem: a tough steel spring system that meshed with ratchets on
either side of the lift shaft so that if the rope gave way the sudden loss of tension would
trigger the device, stopping the lift from falling.
At the 1854 World Trade fair in New York, Otis unveiled his invention and orders
began to pour in, including one from the United States Assay Office which at that time
was constructing one of the first buildings with an internal steel frame to support the
exterior walls. This was the same construction method that skyscrapers would use. If not
for lifts, the towering landmarks which feature so prominently in today’s architecture
would have been impossible and the character of our cities would be entirely different.
1, What is the main topic of the passage?
A. History of lifts.
B. Disapproval of stairs.
C. Elevators’ brands.
D. Expansion of businesses.
2, In Otis's time, which of the following methods was commonly used for delivery of
goods between floors?
A. ‘flying chair’
B. ‘spring system’
C. ‘moving platforms’
D. 'lift shaft'
3, What does the word “trigger” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. transact
B. attack
C. impede
D. activate
4, All of the following statements are true EXCEPT:
A. In the system devised by Otis, springs were made out of steel.
B. The technique involved in constructing the US Assay Office was similar to that
used in present-day skyscrapers.
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C. Otis’s invention addressed a concern involved in conveying beds upstairs.

D. The bed manufacturer Otis worked for needed to carry beds to a higher floor
for delivery.
5, According to the passage, which of the following resulted from the invention of lifts?
A. The transfer of support structures from inside to outside buildings.
B. The emergence of high-rise landmarks.
C. An insatiable demand for solid materials.
D. The abandonment of moving platforms.
6, What can be implied from this piece of information: “Otis unveiled his invention and
orders began to pour in”?
A. Otis’s invention met with disapproval and ended in failure.
B. Otis’s efforts went doomed.
C. Otis’s innovation commenced to be in demand.
D. Otis’s determination was deflated.
READING 05
If “sus” and “vent” mean nothing to you, then you’ve somehow missed out on the smash-
hit multiplayer game Among Us. But with numbers playing the online game heading
towards 100 million, maybe you’ll find out before Christmas how good you are at being
an “impostor”.
For the uninitiated, Among Us is the sleeper game hit of 2020. The premise is simple:
it’s Cluedo or Wink Murder on a spaceship with four to 10 players of crewmates and
impostors. The crewmates perform simple tasks for take-off, while impostors sabotage
operations and kill other players. Impostors are the only players who can travel through
vents – hence the significance of vent in Among Us. Gamers hold meetings to pick a
suspect – which is where the word sus comes in – to jettison. The aim is to catch the
impostors.
The game, launched in 2018 by US software company InnerSloth, had been downloaded
a respectable 1 million times by May 2019. But as lockdowns forced people around the
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world to stay at home and find new ways to link up with their friends, Among Us surged
in popularity. By the end of September 2020, 60 million people were playing every day.
This phenomenal success started in July on video-streaming platform Twitch when high-
profile gamers began streaming themselves playing Among Us. Many YouTubers and
TikTok influencers immediately followed suit. Its popularity even spread to politicians –
a fortnight before the US presidential election, Hasan Piker, a political commentator on
Twitch with 4.5 million followers, streamed a game of Among Us with leftwing
congresswomen Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Ilhan Omar as part of an initiative to
encourage young people to vote.
1, What is probably the title of this passage?

A. Among Us: ways to gain victories
B. Video games blooms during lockdowns
C. Among Us: Rise to Stardom
D. Latest trends on Twitch
2, Which of the following statements about Among Us is false according to the passage?
A. By the moment of writing, the number of Among Us players had exceeded 100
millions.
B. The number of players in a game ranges from 4 to 10.
C. Meetings are held to discover the impostors.
D. Crewmates are unable to travel through vents.
3, How many downloads of Among Us had been recorded by May 2019?
A. 60 millions.
B. 100 millions.
C. 4.5 millions.
D. 1 million.
4, What does the phrase “the uninitiated” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Skilled players.
B. Seasoned players.
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C. Players with no experience.

D. Players who have been playing for a long time.
5, The success of Among Us originated from which of the following platforms?
A. YouTube.
B. Twitch.
C. Tiktok.
D. Facebook.
6, All of the following are mentioned as players of Among Us EXCEPT:
A. Well-known gamers.
B. Turf accountants.
C. Tiktok influencers.
D. Politicians.
(Source: https://www.theguardian.com/games/2020/nov/29/among-us-video-game-
100-million-outer-space
READING 06
POKÉMON AT 25: HOW 151 FICTIONAL SPECIES TOOK OVER THE
WORLD
When the Game Boy titles "Pocket Monsters: Red" and "Pocket Monsters: Green" were
first released in Japan in 1996, few could have predicted what came next.
The concept was simple enough: Players would traverse a fictional world capturing,
training and battling the creatures that inhabited it -- a mission encapsulated in the
game's famous slogan, "Gotta Catch 'Em All." But within just a few years, Pokémon, a
portmanteau of the Japanese name "Poketto Monsuta," was a global phenomenon.
By 1999, the game had launched in multiple Western markets, later becoming one of the
most successful franchises of all time. It spawned an anime series, which was translated
into over 30 languages, and trading cards that swept the world's playgrounds during the
"Pokémania" of the late 1990s.
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It also imprinted the identities of 151 entirely fictional characters into the memories of
millions.
A quarter of a century on, many first-generation Pokémon are as recognizable to
millennials as they are to their children. This is partly thanks to a post-2016 revival
inspired by the mobile game "Pokémon Go" and movie "Detective Pikachu." But the
franchise's success is about more than clever marketing - it is the result of unique
characters that were universal enough to cross cultures and diverse enough to make
catching 'em all a challenge, not a chore.
1, What is probably the aim of this passage?

A. To clarify the concepts behind the game Pokémon.
B. To delineate the history of the game Pokémon.
C. To discourage readers from playing Pokémon.
D. To suggest other riveting games besides Pokémon.
2, Which of the following events happened before others?
A. Pokémon ranking among the most lucrative franchises of all time.
B. "Pocket Monsters: Green" being introduced for the first time in Japan.
C. Pokémon gaining success worldwide.
D. Pokémon appearing in manifold Western markets.
3, This piece of information "a mission encapsulated in the game's famous slogan"
suggests that _______.
A. The slogan summed the mission up.
B. The slogan contradicted the mission.
C. The slogan corroborated the mission.
D. The slogan oversimplified the mission
4, The word "fictional" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to:
A. real-life
B. inventive
C. imaginary
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D. imaginative
5, All of the following are mentioned as reasons why children of millenials are familiar
with first-generation Pokémon EXCEPT:
A. the movie "Detective Pikachu*
B. unique characters
C. Pokémon Go
D. Pokémon's famous slogan
6, Which of the following does not describe a feature of Pokémon's characters mentioned
in the text?
A. one of a kind
B. various
C. generic
D. all-inclusive
7, What is the most likely content of the paragraph following this text?
A. Introduction to characters in Pokémon.
B. Instructions for first-time players.
C. The mobile game Pokémon Go.
D. Pokémania.
(Source: https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.cnn.com/style/amp/pokemon-design-
25/index.html
READING 07
SOLAR PANELS AND THE GRID DISASTER
The complicated power infrastructure in the United States is straining more and more
often in the face of both climate-change-induced extreme weather and increasing overall
demand, problems that will only intensify as the planet warms further and more of
everyday life gets electrified in the nationwide effort to move away from fossil fuels.
Small-scale solar energy projects, coupled with batteries that can store the power
collected on your roof, can keep a household’s lights on even when the rest of the grid
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goes down, as it did for Montoya. But they are also starting to play a valuable role in
supporting that bigger grid, if networked together and used correctly into a sort of
“virtual power plant,” smoothing out the peaks and valleys of electricity demand in a way
that could keep some kinds of blackouts from happening in the first place.
In California, Vermont, and a few other states, the theory - which has been kicking
around as an intriguing concept in energy circles for years - is already being tested.
Texas, though, isn’t yet using the strategy.
“Would it have offset the whole impact of many compressors and natural gas power
plants freezing? No, of course not, but we wouldn’t have come anywhere close to the
extremes we did see” in Texas, says Christopher Clack, an energy modeler and the CEO
of the energy analytical group Vibrant Clean Energy.
1, Which of the following is the most likely to be mentioned in the paragraphs preceding
this text?
A. Lights kept on during power cuts in Montoya’s house.
B. Electrification in African countries.
C. The utilisation of nuclear power as a source of electricity.
D. The effects of noxious gases on human’s health
2, Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Electrification in the US will stop.
B. No efforts have been made to phase out the use of fossil fuels.
C. The problem of extreme weather will only worsen.
D. Changes in climate are not responsible for extreme weather.
3, The phrase "in the face of" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to:
A. in spite of
B. as a result of
C. in the light of
D. in quest of
4, As mentioned in the text, solar energy projects can do all of the following EXCEPT:
A. maintain continuity of light supplies even during power blackouts.
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B. preclude some types of power outages

C. assist grid networks bigger than small-scale ones
D. avert the onslaught of severe weather conditions
5, The theory mentioned in paragraph 2 is on trial in which of the following places?
A. Vermont and California
B. All areas in the US.
C. All cities in the US.
D. Texas.
6, What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The strain put on the infrastructure in the US.
B. Solar energy projects.
C. The severity of the US's climate.
D. Headway made in the electrification of rural areas in the US.
(Source: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/solar-panels-
and-batteries-on-your-home-could-help-prevent-the-next-grid-disaster
READING 08
Since she began posting rustic-chic videos of her life in rural Sichuan province in 2016,
Li Ziqi, 29, has become one of China’s biggest social media stars. She has 22 million
followers on the microblogging site Weibo, 34 million on Douyin (China’s version of
TikTok) and another 8.3 million on YouTube (Li has been active on YouTube for the last
two years, despite it being officially blocked in China).
Li’s videos – which she initially produced by herself and now makes with a small team –
emphasize beautiful countryside and ancient tradition. In videos soundtracked by
tranquil flute music, Li crafts her own furniture out of bamboo and dyes her clothing
with fruit skins. If she wants soy sauce, she grows the soybeans themselves; a video
about making an egg yolk dish starts with her hatching ducklings. The meals she creates
are often elaborate demonstrations of how many delicious things can be done with a
particular seasonal ingredient, like ginger or green plums.
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There is even a Li Ziqi online shop, where fans can purchase versions of the steel
“chopper” knife she uses to dice the vegetables she plucks from her plentiful garden, or
replicas of the old-fashioned shirts she wears while foraging for wild mushrooms and
magnolia blossoms in the misty mountainside.
1, What is the main aim of this passage?

A. To introduce Li Ziqi to readers.
B. To acquaint readers with Chinese customs and traditions.
C. To recommend some channels on YouTube for readers.
D. To describe the rural areas of China.
2, All of the following platforms are mentioned as places where Li Ziqui has followers
EXCEPT:
A. TikTok
B. Douyin
C. YouTube
D. Weibo
3, Which of the following statements is false according to the passage?
A. Li Ziqi made the videos on her own in the first place.
B. The first videos made by Li Ziqi appeared in 2016.
C. The meals Li Ziqi prepares often features seasonal ingredients.
D. YouTube is an allowed video-streaming platform in China.
4, The word “tranquil” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to:
A. sinister
B. sequestered
C. serene
D. silky
5, According to the author, Li Ziqi’s videos focus on which of the following?
A. modern practices in Chinese rural areas
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B. old-established traditions
C. antiquated traditions
D. the beauty of cities in China
6, What can be bought from Li Ziqi’s online shop based on the text?
A. a silver knife
B. vegetables plucked from Li Ziqi’s gardens
C. wild mushrooms
D. eplicas of shirts worn by Li Ziqi
7, The passage is most probably taken from an article about:
A. changes in Chinese rural areas
B. the best video-streaming platforms for Internet users
C. social media stars in China
D. the best cooking recipes for ingredients from rural areas of China
(Source:
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.theguardia
n.com/lifeandstyle/2020/jan/28/li-ziqi-china-influencer-rural-
life&ved=2ahUKEwj00-
uJto7vAhViNKYKHYMJA30QtwIwAHoECAIQAg&usg=AOvVaw3c9zZBcdYHsQ
JRkRJzxVrk
READING 09
As the UK and other governments consider whether to give Covid-vaccinated people
certificates that allow entry to bars, hotels, and swimming pools, one country, Israel, has
already deployed its “green pass”.
The state of 9 million, which has administered jabs to half its population, released an app
a week ago that shows whether people have been fully inoculated against the coronavirus
or if they have presumed immunity after contracting the disease.
Malls and museums have reopened for all, but green pass holders get exclusive access to
gyms, hotels, theatres, and concerts, albeit with some limits. Indoor dining in restaurants
and bars is due to be included in the green pass scheme next week.
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Life has not got “back to normal”, but it appears to be on its way. Street-side shops are
reopening; hotels are accepting bookings; even live music is reemerging from its long
slumber. And while masks remain mandatory, many older people who have already been
vaccinated have stopped wearing them outdoors.
1, Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Lifts of lockdowns in EU’s cities.
B. Green pass issued in EU’s cities.
C. Green pass in Israel.
D. Curfews imposed in Israel.
2, By the moment of writing, the number of people in Israel having got Covid vaccination
has been:
A. 9 millions
B. 4.5 millions
C. 1.8 millions
D. 2 millions
3, According to the passage, all people in Israel have access to which of the following?
A. Gyms and hotels.
B. Malls and museums.
C. Museums and concerts.
D. Theatres and concerts.
4, Which of the following information is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Israel’s population.
B. Lists of current places accessible to green pass holders.
C. Planned addition of places accessible with green pass.
D. Reasons for the reopening of museums.
5, What can be inferred from this piece of information: “live music is reemerging from
its long slumber”?
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A. Live music is going to appear in Israel for the first time.

B. After a long period of inactivity, live music is going to be heard again soon in
Israel.
C. Live music, a burgeoning art, will be discontinued in Israel.
D. Live music is appearing to enter its slumber.
6, According to the passage, which of the following statements is false?
A. Wearing masks has been made an optional choice in Israel.
B. Many inoculated senior citizens have stopped wearing masks outdoors.
C. Israel has launched an application to indicate whether people have been fully
vaccinated or not.
D. A return to normalcy in life has not been achieved.
(Source: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/feb/28/green-pass-how-are-
vaccine-passports-working-in-israel
READING 10
CUTTLEFISH AND THE ABILITY TO EXERT SELF-CONTROL
Humans, chimps, parrots and crows have evolved to exert self-control, a trait linked to
higher intelligence. Now, researchers say cuttlefish – chunky squid-like creatures with
eight arms – also have the ability to delay gratification for a better reward.
Researchers used an adapted version of the Stanford marshmallow test, in which children
were given the choice of scoffing an immediate reward (one marshmallow) or waiting to
earn a delayed, but better, reward (two marshmallows), on six cuttlefish in an aquarium
environment.
The invertebrates were presented with chambers that were marked with different visual
cues in the form of shapes. For instance, one cue meant the moment food was put in that
chamber, the door would open – while another meant that when food was placed in that
chamber, there would be a delay before the door opened. One of the cues was
counterintuitive – even though the food was placed in the chamber, and the door was
opened, there was an extra layer of plastic thwarting the cuttlefish from eating the reward.
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When the cuttlefish were exposed to the chambers initially, they immediately attacked
when they saw the food. Over time, they realised that each chamber had its own rules.
Eventually, the molluscs didn’t even bother approaching the “unobtainable” chamber
because they learned they could never secure access to the food.
With training completed, the cuttlefish were then tested in the presence of two chambers
– in the “immediate” chamber they were presented with their second-preference food,
while in the “delay” chamber they were given their first-preference food.
1, Why does the author mention humans, chimps, parrots and crows in the first
paragraph?
A. To cite some examples of creatures possessing the ability to self-control as a
lead-in to that of cuttlefish.
B. To show the supremacy of these creatures over other species of animals.
C. To indicate the rarity of creatures able to exert self-control.
D. To prove that higher intelligence is only associated with animals being able to
control themselves.
2, The word “which” in paragraph 2 refer to what?
A. The adapted version used by researchers studying cuttlefish
B. The rewards offered to children in the experiments
C. The Stanford marshmallow test
D. The aquarium environment accommodating six cuttlefish
3, Which of the following does not refer to the cuttlefish involved in the test conducted
by researchers?
A. The invertebrates (paragraph 2)
B. they (paragraph 5)
C. the molluscs (paragraph 4)
D. another (paragraph 3)
4, What can be implied from the experimentation described in the passage?
A. The cuttlefish displayed self-control right from the start.
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B. All cues in the experiments were misleading, causing confusion for the
cuttlefish.
C. The cuttlefish were not able to wait for a delayed but better reward.
D. It took some time for the cuttlefish to notice the rules of the chambers.
5, The paragraph following this passage is most probably about:
A. Reasons explaining the ability of the cuttlefish to display self-control.
B. Another experiment conducted on the cuttlefish to examine their ability to self-
control.
C. Comparisons between humans and the cuttlefish in terms of their ability to
self-control.
D. Conclusions from the experiment described in the passage.
6, The word “thwarting” in paragraph 3 can best be replaced by:
A. retarding
B. dwindling
C. sheltering
D. preventing
(Source:https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/mar/03/cuttlefish-have-
ability-to-exert-self-control-study-
finds#:~:text=Now%2C%20researchers%20say%20cuttlefish%20%E2%80%93%
20chunky,gratification%20for%20a%20better%20reward.
READING 11
It was widely reported last year that sales of guidebooks are falling fast, thanks to
developments in the Internet and mobile phones. It makes sense. Why bother taking a
heavy book with you when you can download all the information you need to your phone
as you walk around the cathedral?
Writing a new book about a place is a rewarding job, but one that’s becoming a rarity.
Publishers are more concerned with keeping existing books up to date than bringing out
new ones in an already crowded market. This is understandable, since every guidebook is
actually out of date as soon as it is published. It may have been researched a year before
126
being printed and it could have sat on the bookshop shelf for a year or two, so its
information might be three years old by the time the reader uses it in practice. It is hardly
surprising, therefore, that some publishers are investing almost as much in updating and
redesigning their books as they did creating them. Updating guides is nowadays a good
way for new writers to get started.
But if the Internet via a mobile phone can deliver information just as well as printed
paper but much faster, at almost no cost, is there a future for the printed guidebook?
Other books you read at home, but a travel guide’s main purposes for urgent reference
when you’re desperate to find accommodation or somewhere to eat. Using a modern
cellphone, any traveller can now enjoy a ‘paperless holiday’ . Want to know the opening
times of the museum? Look them up online. Need some information on the ancient
building you’re standing in? Download it.
1, Which of the following best serves as the title for this passage?
A. Guidebooks flourishing despite the IT revolution
B. Guidebooks in decline: What’s the future?
C. Enjoying a paperless holiday
D. Guidebooks on the brink of extinction
2, Which adjective best describes the author’s attitude to the decreasing sales of
guidebooks?
A. abject
B. infuriated
C. unsurprised
D. indifferent
3, What does the word “one” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. a new book
B. a place
C. a job
D. a rarity
4, What does the author say about publishers in the second paragraph?
127
A. They usually spend a year to research information needed for their books
before writing and publishing them.
B. Many of them still prefer an already crowded market for their books.
C. Their actions may prove incomprehensible to laypeople.
D. Some of them allocate almost as many resources to the update and redesign of
their books as to the creation of them.
5, Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. The primary aim of a travel guide is for suggestions when travellers are in a
hurry.
B. Before embarking on a journey, most people bring with them a guidebook in
case they get into trouble.
C. The information found in a guidebook is always up-to-date and reliable.
D. Users cannot obtain information about the scheduled opening time of museums
on the Internet.
6, In this passage, the author:
A. strongly supports the belief that guidebooks stand no chance of competing
with the Internet in terms of instructing travellers about their places of arrival.
B. voices concern that if writers of guidebooks do not keep their brainchild up-to-
date, the currently rising sales of travel guides may suffer plunges.
C. disproves the idea that guidebooks are turning old-fashioned and should be
replaced by more modern alternatives.
D. expresses appreciation of guidebooks and concern about the future of these
books
(Source: Cambridge FCE book)
READING 12
They died where they stood. Violently, with almost no warning. Wealthy women in their
jewels. Armed soldiers. Babies. Almost 2,000 years ago, two towns in southern Italy had
the misfortune to be in the shadow of Mount Vesuvius - one of Europe’s active volcanoes
- at the wrong time. The 16,000 inhabitants of the Roman towns of Herculaneum and
128
neighbouring Pompeii who were buried beneath thirty metres of dust on an August night
in AD 79 bore silent witness to the destructive force of volcanoes.
Objects of terror and fascination since the beginning of human time, volcanoes take their
name from Vulcan, the Roman god of fire. Today there are some 1,350 active volcanoes
in the world. At any given moment, somewhere between one dozen and two dozen are
throwing out ash and molten rock from the earth’s core.
Approximately one billion people live in their dangerous shadows. Experts expect the
number to rise. The rapid growth of population, greater competition for land and an
increase in urban migration are driving more and more people to settle around volcanoes,
significantly increasing the potential loss of life and property in the event of eruptions.
Despite major advances in technology, the ability to predict when a volcano might erupt
remains imprecise. But meeting the challenge is vital because volcanoes are ‘people
magnets’. A recent study identified 457 volcanoes where there are one million or more
people living within 100 kilometers. Many of these volcanoes - several in Indonesia and
Japan, for instance - have surrounding populations greatly exceeding one million. For
example, today, 3.75 million people live within 30 kilometers of the summit of Mount
Vesuvius in the southern Italian city of Naples. ‘What do they do if it starts erupting? No
one can imagine evacuating a city the size of Naples,’ said Dan Miller, chief of the US
Geological Survey’s Volcano Disaster Assistance Program.
‘Persuading people to move permanently out of hazard zones is not usually an option.
Many of the land-use patterns are long established, and people just won’t do it,’ Miller
went on. ‘The only thing you can do is have systematic volcano monitoring to detect the
earliest departure from normal activity.’
1, Which of the following statements best summarizes the passage?

A. Volcanoes can cause catastrophic impacts but attract settlements and it is hard
to forewarn and evacuate people from hazardous areas.
B. Volcanoes can erupt suddenly, leading to tremendous losses of life and
property.
C. Eruptions of volcanoes can result in enormous damage, but fortunately, they do
not attract many people settling down in the surrounding regions.
129
D. There are a number of challenges in the work of predicting and displacing

people from at-risk areas before a volcano eruption, but luckily, the effects
from eruptions have never been disastrous.
2, When Mount Vesuvius erupted in AD 79:

A. It caused losses of property but did not claim any lives.
B. Only the poor were killed.
C. Thanks to forewarnings, all people escaped death.
D. The inhabitants in its surrounding areas were unprepared.
3, As mentioned in the text, which of the following evidenced the destructive power of
Mount Vesuvius when it erupted in AD 79:
A. The Roman towns of Herculaneum and Pompeii
B. The 16,000 inhabitants buried in the incident.
C. Thirty metres of dust.
D. The shadow of the volcano.
4, Which of the following statements about volcanoes is false according to the passage?
A. They have both frightened and amused humans.
B. Their name originated from the name of a god.
C. Predicting their eruptions has become less challenging, yielding more accurate
results.
D. At any specific point of time, the number of erupting volcanoes falls within the
range of 12 to 24.
5, By the use of the phrase “people magnets”, the author suggests that:
A. A magnetic field exists within the areas volcanoes are situated in.
B. A huge number of people settle in regions surrounding volcanoes.
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C. Volcanoes can pull people towards them and nobody can escape.
D. People find the areas near volcanoes unwelcoming and abandon the thought of
settling there.
6, What does the phrase “do it” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. refuse to follow evacuation rules.
B. practise long-established land-use patterns.
C. accept to migrate to a place outside hazard zones.
D. persuade people to settle at places far from volcanoes.
7, The word “detect” in the last paragraph can best be replaced by:
A. notice
B. scrutinise
C. sterilize
D. observe
(Source: First Masterclass Student’s Book – page 106)
READING 13
SPACE TELESCOPE
Since 1990, the Hubble Space Telescope has been orbiting Earth and providing scientists
with unique views of the universe. In that time, it has beamed hundreds of thousands of
images back to Earth and has revolutionised astronomy by helping researchers to make
important discoveries about deep space and the universe. Thanks to Hubble, we now
know that the universe is about 13 to 14 billion years old.
The idea of an orbiting telescope was first put forward by astronomer Lyman Spitzer in
1946. Spitzer pointed out that the Earth’s atmosphere distorts light coming from stars,
making it difficult for even the most precise telescopes on the ground to receive clear
images. However, a telescope in orbit above the Earth’s atmosphere would not be faced
with the same problems. NASA agreed and, in the 1960s, with the help of rocket
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scientists, astrophysicists, and millions of dollars the project to build a space telescope
took off in earnest. Though the initial idea was Spitzer’s, the telescope was actually
named after Edwin P.Hubble, the astronomer who, in the 1920s, proved that our galaxy,
the Milky Way, was not the only one in the universe.
The telescope orbits the Earth every 96 minutes. It travels at a speed of 8 km per second,
569 km above the Earth’s surface. It’s fast enough to travel across the United States in
about 10 minutes. Although it is regularly serviced, some time after 2013, Hubble will
eventually degrade, stop working and crash back to Earth. Its successor, the James Webb
Space Telescope, has already been developed.
1, This passage best serves as:

A. A detailed description of the Hubble Space Telescope.
B. An introduction to the Hubble Space Telescope.
C. A thumbnail sketch of astronomy.
D. A blow-by-blow account of what happened to the Hubble Space Telescope.
2, According to the passage, the Hubble Space Telescope derived its name from an
astronomer who:
A. proposed the idea of a telescope in orbit
B. invested a lot of money into building the telescope
C. made the greatest contribution to the design of the telescope
D. bore out the existence of other galaxies besides the Milky Way.
3, What does the phrase “the same problems” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Obtaining clear images from the ground.
B. Difficulty in getting unblurred images due to the Earth’s atmosphere.
C. Inaccuracies caused by the atmosphere’s absorption of light.
D. Sending images into the universe without them getting distorted.
4, What can be implied from the passage?
132
A. The Hubble Space Telescope has been of considerable importance to

astronomy.
B. NASA initially rejected plans proposed by Spitzer and dismissed them as
impractical.
C. How old the universe is remains shrouded in mystery.
D. The Hubble Space Telescope is to be used for another several centuries.
5, The phrase “regularly serviced” in the last paragraph suggests that:

A. Researchers often await the telescope to malfunction before assigning people
to mend it.
B. The telescope is outfitted with up-to-date equipment.
C. On a regular basis, the telescope is examined and, if necessary, repaired.
D. The telescope carries with it cutting-edge technologies to ensure that it
functions well.
(Extracted from Close-up B2 Student’s Book)
READING 14
In competitive Irish dancing, dancers will perform different steps in a line of a dozen or
more dancers. A judge will watch several dancers at once, but if the judge perceives a
single imperfection in the dancer’s appearance or in her performance, he will move on to
watch a better dancer. If a dancer cannot catch and hold the attention of the judge, she has
no chance of winning a medal or even a place.
The pressure this inspires can affect a dancer negatively because she is consequently
more worried about what people think of her instead of just doing her best. By
emphasizing costume and appearance generally, competitive Irish dance has become part
of the cut-throat show business industry. Irish dance instructors often give this advice:
“Whatever happens, don’t cry; it will ruin your make-up” Pressure to perform is a key
element in any sport, and is often a positive factor in an athlete’s overall experience. In
modern-day competitive Irish dance, however, the pressure of appearance can have a
negative impact on a dancer’s career.
133
Nonetheless, when asked what Irish dancing means to them, most dancers will answer
“close friends and hard work”. Though almost half of a dancer’s score is determined by
her appearance, the aspects of the sport that don’t receive points, such as sportsmanship,
friendships, tradition, community and artistry, still remain of the greatest importance.
These are the central ideas that are represented in Irish dance. In fact, the designs on a
solo dress have their origins in these ideas: those Celtic designs were created to represent
certain symbols, such as unity and friendship.
Because of the very visual nature of dance, external beauty, form, and expression
obviously have a large place in the sport. And, although the sheer complexity of costume
preparation may seem intimidating, in the drama of competitive Irish dance, it is
legitimate. Visually, the true attraction of dance competition is the athleticism and skill of
the dancers, both as individuals and as teams. In the end, the emphasis on appearance will
only negatively affect the sport if it becomes more important than the other aspects of
competitive Irish dance.
1, What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. How dancers are marked in competitive Irish dance.
B. The features, merits and demerits of competitive Irish dance.
C. The negative feelings triggered by competitive Irish dance.
D. The concepts behind competitive Irish dance.
2, What can be inferred about the competition judges in the first paragraph?
A. They are forgiving if a dancer accidentally makes a mistake.
B. They are in search of impeccable performances and appearance.
C. Each of them watch one dancer at any moment.
D. Their attention is unrelated to a dancer’s likelihood of winning a medal.
3, What does the author suggest in the second paragraph?

A. Unlike athletics, pressure in competitive Irish dance does not negatively
affect a participant’s career.
134
B. The pressure during performance usually causes a dancer to shift the focus
from other people’s attention to herself.
C. With its emphasis on external appearance, competitive Irish dance has
entered the cut-throat show business industry.
D. Irish dance instructors often advise dancers to display their sadness by
crying.
4, The author mentions sportsmanship, friendships, tradition, community and artistry as

examples of:
A. aspects of competitive Irish dance which are not contributory to a dancer’s
point, thus receiving little attention from dancers.
B. features of competitive Irish dance that are important criteria for marking a
dancer’s performance.
C. characteristics of competitive Irish dancers to which little importance is
attached.
D. aspects of Irish competitive dance that are the most valued by dancers,
even though they do not contribute to a dancer’s total point.
5, What does the word “their” in the penultimate paragraph refer to?
A. The central ideas
B. The dancers
C. The designs on a solo dress
D. The symbols such as unity and friendship
6, The word “intimidating” in the last paragraph could best be replaced by:
A. daunting
B. awe-inspiring
C. enervating
D. frightening
135
7, The author is most likely to agree with which of the following statements?
A. Promoting competitive Irish dance is not worthwhile.
B. There are no downsides of competitive Irish dance.
C. The criteria used to mark dancers’ performance should change.
D. Competitive Irish dance can be a mixed blessing for dancers.
(Extracted from First Masterclass Workbook)
READING 15
In the immediate aftermath of the strongest cyclone to ever make landfall in the southern
hemisphere, reefs across the Namena reserve and Vatu-i-Ra conservation park off Fiji
were reduced to rubble.
Tropical Cyclone Winston struck Fiji on 20 February 2016, causing devastation on land
and underwater. Winds of up to 280km/h claimed 44 lives, leaving more than 40,000
homes damaged or destroyed, and storm surges smashed reefs in their path. Winston
caused US$1.4bn in damage, the most destructive cyclone ever in the Pacific.
But four years on, to the delight of scientists, the coral reefs of the Fijian archipelago are
vibrantly resurgent and once again teeming with fish and colour.
A recent dive expedition led by the Wildlife Conservation Society found the coral had
recovered beyond scientists’ expectations.
“I was surprised at how quick the recovery has been, especially at the Namena reserve,”,
said the director of the Wildlife Conservation Society Fiji.
“The fast recovery likely reflects these reefs have good natural recruitment and they are
well managed. Coral reefs that were healthier before a destructive event like a cyclone
are expected to recover a lot faster.”
Besides the abundance of young coral colonies in both protected areas, the team found
fish had returned in significant numbers across all areas, even to parts of reefs where
corals had not yet been replenished.
1, What is the main topic of the passage?
136
A. The revival of Fiji’s coral reefs

B. Tropical Cyclone Winston
C. The beauty of Fiji’s coral reefs
D. The Wildlife Conservation Society Fiji
2, Which of the following statements about Tropical Cyclone Winston is false according
to the passage?
A. It was the most powerful cyclone to ever hit land in the southern hemisphere.
B. It caused enormous damage in terms of people’s lives, properties and also the
environment.
C. The reefs along its path were able to withstand its destructive force.
D. It made landfall in 2016.
3, What does the author suggest about the coral reefs in Fiji?
A. It took them several months to recover from the damage caused by Tropical
Cyclone Winston.
B. The speed of their revival turned out to be unsurprising news to the scientists.
C. They are now devoid of marine life and colour.
D. Their regeneration brought joy to scientists.
4, According to the director of the Wildlife Conservation Society Fiji, one possible
reason for the revival of the coral reefs in Jifi is:
A. their ability to capture attention of tourists
B. adequate management of the reefs
C. the favourable ecosystem in Fiji
D. the intervention of scientists
5, What does the phrase “protected areas” in the last paragraph refer to?
137
A. The Pacific and the Namena reserve

B. The southern hemisphere and Vatu-i-Ra conservation park
C. The Namena reserve and Vatu-i-Ra conservation park
D. The Pacific and Fiji
6, The word “replenished” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to:

A. fully replaced
B. half emptied
C. fulfilled
D. partially substituted for
(Source: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/mar/05/reef-revival-fijis-corals-
bouncing-back-after-ruinous-cyclone
READING 16
According to Chinese legend, Emperor Shen Nong, a skilled ruler, and scientist,
accidentally discovered tea. While boiling water in the garden, a leaf from an
overhanging wild tea tree drifted into his pot. The Emperor enjoyed drinking the infused
water so much that he was compelled to research the plant further.
It was not until the Tang dynasty (618-907), often referred to as the classic age of tea, did
consumption become widespread and it was at this time that tea was recognized as
China’s national drink.
It was not until the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) that tea was prepared by steeping the
whole leaves in water like it is today. Instead of compressing tea leaves into bricks, or
grinding them in a stone mill, the tea leaves were dried, rolled, and then heated in
ironworks to stop the oxidation process. The brewing process simply involved steeping
the tea leaves in hot water, without the need for a whisk.
Traders, missionaries, and explorers traveling back and forth between Europe and the
Orient became exposed to the budding tea traditions in China and Japan. Around the 9th
century, references in Arab trade documents refer to the process of boiling bitter tea
138
leaves. Later, Marco Polo (1254-1324) alludes to his discovery of tea in his travel
writings about the East.
Ready-to-drink chilled iced tea arrived in Europe in the 1970s. Although less
conventional than a cup of hot tea, it helped rejuvenate the image of tea as a whole. It has
had tremendous success since the 1990s and is now sold in bottles, cans, and packs, in a
variety of flavors, in sparkling and sugar-free versions. This drink has been successful
partly because people are concerned about health and tea is seen as having therapeutic
qualities.
1. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The discovery of tea B. The popularity of tea
C. The distributor of tea D. The history of tea
2. The word “them” in paragraph 3 refers to
A. bricks B. tea leaves C. tea D. ironworks.
3. The word “budding” in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. Growing B. Increasing C. Leading D. Changing
4. Which of the following is true about tea leaves under the Ming Dynasty?
A. Tea leaves were dipped into hot water when used
B. Tea leaves were compressed into bricks
C. Tea leaves were used without processing
D. Tea leaves were crushed into powder
5. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?
A. Tea was discovered unexpectedly and became immediately popular in China
B. Marco Polo was a missionary from Europe
C. Chilled iced tea always contains sugar
D. Tea was widely consumed under the Tang Dynasty
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READING 17
Organic food is very popular and expensive these days. Parents of young children, and
even some pet owners, will pay high prices for organic food if they think it's healthier.
But many others think organic food is just a waste of money.
There is one main difference between organic and non-organic food. Organic farms do
not use agricultural chemicals such as pesticides that stop insects from damaging crops.
In many countries foods that claim to be organic must have special labels that guarantee
they're grown organically.
Some people think organic also means "locally grown", and originally this was true. But
over time organic farming has become a big business, with many organic foods now
being grown by large agricultural companies that sell their products far from where
they're grown. Processed food made with organic ingredients has also become more
popular. As demand overtook supply, big food companies that had been selling non-
organic products for many years also began selling organic products.
Is organic food safer and more nutritious? Recent studies have shown that eating
organically-grown produce reduces your chances of developing heart disease. Many
doctors think it's more important to stop dangerous bacteria from contaminating foods,
which can contaminate both organic and non-organic fruit and vegetables, and doctors
recommend washing produce carefully before eating it.
Most people agree that naturally grown food tastes better. Is tastier food worth the extra
money? Whether organic food is healthier or not is still not clear, so more research is
needed. However, consumers of organic food often say "better safe than sorry" when it
comes to what we eat.
1. According to the passage, non-organic food is different from organic one because
________.
A. It is attacked by a lot of insects
B. It contains substances used for killing pests
C. It is less healthy and tastier
D. It has special labels
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2. All of the following are true about the organic industry EXCEPT ________.
A. It is developed on a large scale
B. Organic food is shipped to places far from its origins of the production
C. Organic food can be present in processed food
D. Due to demand increase, big food companies shifted from selling non-organic
products to selling organic ones
3. It can be inferred from paragraph 4 that ________.
A. Organic food is safer than non-organic one
B. There is no need to wash organic food before eating
C. Dangerous bacteria can be found only in non-organic food
D. Knowing whether organic food is better is may not be the most important thing
4. The author mentions the phrase "better safe than sorry" to advise us that ________.
A. We should be quicker at finding out whether organic food is healthier
B. We should not eat organic food as there is not enough evidence defending its safety
C. We should eat both non-organic and organic food as they are equally tasty
D. We should be careful with any food we consume
5. What is the author’s attitude in this article?
A. Critical B. Unbiased
C. Approving D. Sarcastic
(Source: https://www.englishclub.com/reading/health/organic.htm)
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READING 18
Leadership captures the essentials of being able to inspire others. Effective leadership is
based upon ideas—both original and borrowed—that are effectively communicated to
others in a way that engages them enough to act as the leader wants them to act.
A leader inspires others to act while simultaneously directing the way that they act. They
must be personable enough for others to follow their orders, and they must have the
critical thinking skills to know the best way to use the resources at an organization's
disposal.
In business, leadership is linked to performance, and any leadership definition has to take
that into account. Therefore, while leadership isn't intrinsically linked to profit, those who
are viewed as effective leaders in corporate contexts are the ones who increase their
company's bottom line.
The terms leadership and management tend to be used interchangeably, but they're not
the same. A difference between leaders and managers is that leaders emphasize
innovation above all else. A leader may be more concerned with setting and achieving
lofty goals whereas a manager seeks to inspire their team to meet goals while following
company rules —even at the expense of existing corporate structures.
However, chaos and high-pressure work environments the leader creates can lead to
interpersonal issues. When such issues arise, a manager is more likely to see it as their
duty to smooth over problems between employees. Leaders can sometimes be so
singularly focused on achieving lofty goals that they let interpersonal issues and
employee welfare fall by the wayside.
1. What is leadership mostly about?
A. Making profit for an organisation
B. Meeting lofty goal of an organisation
C. Becoming the most excellent individual
D. Convincing others to act in a specific way
2. According to the passage, why must leaders have critical thinking?
A. Because they need to solve a lot of thorny problems
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B. Because they must use it to make innovation
C. Because they are usually unrealistic
D. Because they have to use the company’s assets wisely
3. Which of the following is true about leadership?
A. Leadership can be seen as management
B. Leadership means inspiring other to follow the rules
C. Leadership is inborn and cannot be learned
D. Leadership is about breaking the mould
4. The word “lofty” in paragraph 4 refers to ________.
A. Ambitious B. Towering C. Tall D. Magnificent
5. What is the result of leaders’ over devotion to innovation?
A. The happiness of their employees is significantly improved
B. Conflicts arise and unhealthy working environments are created
C. Great social contributions are made
D. The manager’s role is no longer important
(Source: https://www.thebalancesmb.com/leadership-definition-2948275)
READING 19
All languages, even those of so-called 'primitive' tribes have clever grammatical
components. So the question which has baffled many linguists is - who created grammar?
Some of the most recent languages evolved due to the Atlantic slave trade. At that time,
slaves from a number of ethnicities were forced to work together under colonizer's rule.
Since they had no opportunity to learn each other's languages, they developed a make-
shift language called a pidgin. Pidgins are strings of words copied from the language of
the landowner. They have little in the way of grammar, and in many cases it is difficult
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for a listener to deduce when an event happened, and who did what to whom. Complex
grammar systems which emerge from pidgins are termed creoles, and they are invented
by children.
Further evidence of this can be seen in studying sign languages for the deaf. Although
children were taught speech and lip reading in the classroom, in the playgrounds they
began to invent their own sign system, using the gestures that they used at home.
Children who joined the school later, developed a quite different sign language. Although
it was based on the signs of the older children, the younger children's language was more
fluid and compact.
Some linguists believe that many of the world's most established languages were creoles
at first. The English past tense –ed ending may have evolved from the verb 'do'. 'It ended'
may once have been 'It end-did'. Therefore it would appear that even the most widespread
languages were partly created by children. Children appear to have innate grammatical
machinery in their brains, which springs to life when they are first trying to make sense
of the world around them. Their minds can serve to create logical, complex structures,
even when there is no grammar present for them to copy.
A. The Atlantic slaves B. The birth of pidgins
C. Sign languages for the deaf D. The creators of grammar
2. The word “they” in paragraph two refers to ______.
A. Languages B. Ethnicities C. Slaves D. Colonizers
3. According to the passage, what do pidgins mean?
A. Sets of separate words
B. Grammatical rules created by Atlantic slaves
C. The landowner's language
D. Colonizer’s language used for speaking to their slaves
4. What can be the best explanation for the fact that children are inventors of grammar?
A. Because they are more intelligent that adults
B. Because they are going through the first phase of exploring of the world
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C. Because they have simple minds to make grammar compact

D. Children are not the inventors of grammar
5. All of the following are true EXCEPT ________.
A. Creoles are complex grammar system related to pidgins
B. In the classroom for the deaf, the younger children invented a new sign system
C. Even when there is no grammar available, children can make a logical sentence
D. Children may have created the widely used languages
(Source: https://www.examenglish.com/TOEFL/TOEFL_reading1.htm)
READING 20
According to futurist Ray Kurzweil human civilisation will be unavoidably transformed
in the year 2045 by an event that he calls The Singularity. He suggests that exponential
technological development will lead to the inevitable rise of artificial intelligence (A.I.).
Such advanced technology may make humanity insignificant.
Kurzweil says that technologies are double-edged swords and envisions the possibility
that an artificial intelligence might decide to put an end to humanity simply because it
surpasses human intelligence. Kurzweil does have faith in mankind, however. He
suggests that people are wise to accept that technological progress is unavoidable and that
such acceptance will make the process of transition easier.
Kurzweil has personal reasons to hope for the coming of The Singularity, because he
wants his life to be extended by it. Kurzweil envisions that future medical advances could
invent tiny computerised machines, or nanobots, which operate inside the body to
enhance the immune system. In addition, he believes that future technology might be able
to resurrect his deceased father.
Looking at the state of current technological advances in many fields such as medicine,
navigation and communication, Kurzweil's visions may not be unbelievable.The critical
issue, however, is whether genuine artificial intelligence can ever be truly realised.
Kurzweil suggests that critics of his theories, who believe that the human brain is too
complex to duplicate, are underestimating what the exponential growth in technology
can eventually accomplish.
1. According to the passage, what does The Singularity mean?
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A. An event giving rise to future human transformation
B. An event giving rise to future artificial intelligence
C. An event giving rise to future alien civilisation
D. An event giving rise to future human intelligence
2. The author mentions “double-edged swords” in paragraph two to ______.
A. indicate that technologies are extremely dangerous for humanity
B. indicate that technologies are totally harmless for humanity
C. indicate that technologies will kill all people on earth
D. indicate that technologies are both advantageous and disadvantageous
3. The attitude of Kurzweil towards The Singularity is ________.
A. Optimistic
B. Intolerant
C. Pessimistic
D. Overbearing
4. What is Kurzweil’s vision about the future medical field?
A. Nanobots can be inserted into human body
B. People can live 100 years older
C. All diseases will be cured
D. People will take virtual medicines
5. The word “underestimating” in the final paragraph refers to ______.
A. Evaluating B. Misjudging
C. Misaligning D. Overreacting
(Source: Sách bài tập Tiếng Anh thí điểm lớp 12 tập 2 trang 15)
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READING 21
The economy, translating roughly from the Greek 'household management', is a broad
term which covers all the operations and aspects of society which deal with production
and consumption of money and money making in individual countries, and in the world
at large.
Economies have existed since the beginning of human history. The earliest form of
economy is a barter system, where people trade goods without using money. However,
this system is inefficient, and was primarily used in ancient times before the invention of
money. Using money is much more efficient, as it doesn't rely on both people in the
'transaction' to need each other's' goods like barter does.
There are different economies which operate differently.
The market economy is one in which people buy and sell things in accordance with
supply and demand, a theory which states that the more of something there is, the less it
costs, and vice versa. In this economy, freedom of the 'market', or all the 'economic
actors', to do business is most important. People who believe in a free market believe that
natural supply and demand will result in the best prices and deals for everyone, and in the
most growth.
The command economy is one in which the government controls all aspects of work by
its citizens, including the creation of goods, how and to whom they are sold, and the
prices of the goods. Basically, the government owns all jobs, and distributes them to
citizens. The citizens produce goods, which are then also redistributed by the
government.
This is the type of economy which is idealized by Communist countries, but has proven
historically to be much less efficient than the market economy, mostly due to human
error and high levels of corruption in the command economy.
The middle ground is a market economy which is steered by a government, and is the
most common form in the world. In this middle ground, economists work with politicians
to figure out how to best 'stimulate' an economy to grow. The government can grant a
'subsidy' to a certain group of people in one industry, which is basically a gift of money,
which can allow those people to keep their products cheap for consumers.
Through all these means, governments can affect the market economy. The ideal is to
keep local goods cheap (but not too cheap), to keep as many people employed as
possible.
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A. The market economy
B. Criticisms of different economies
C. An understanding of economies
D. A brief history of economies
2. Why is the barter system inefficient?
A. Because in this system, goods of each trader has to meet the other’s need
B. Because in this system, goods are traded by means of money
C. Because in this system, traders don’t pay attention to each other’s need
D. Because in this system, traders don’t have faith in each other
3. What is the mechanism behind a market economy?
A. The regulations of prices
B. The law of supply and demand
C. The intervention of the government
D. The collaboration between politicians and economists
4. Which of the following is not a feature of a command economy?
A. Citizens make products
B. Jobs are given to citizens by the government
C. Prices are not decided by the government
D. It has two main reasons for its failure
5. The word “idealized” highlighted in the passage mostly means ________.
A. extolled B. maintained C. created D. popularized
6. The word "which" highlighted refers to
A. subsidy B. one industry C. people D. the government
7. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Command economy is no longer adopted across the world
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B. Goods may be stolen in a command economy

C. Market economy is the most efficient
D. The middle ground is mostly a command market
(Source:
https://www.softschools.com/language_arts/reading_comprehension/social_studies/160/t
he_economy/)
READING 22
The mixing of broken-down scrap tires into asphalt to produce a blend suitable for the
construction of road surfaces is becoming widespread. It seems like an environmentalist’
dream: instead of getting junked in shrinking landfills, the tires are mixed with asphalt to
create a paving material that holds up twice as long as conventional asphalt.
The resulting material, asphalt-rubber, has several advantages over customary road-
building materials. It can be applied in a reduced thickness, and this means that less
material has to be mined and transported to the road site. Furthermore, roads constructed
with this material require less maintenance than more conventional roads. Another
benefit is the abatement of traffic noise, a serious issue in urban areas. Perhaps most
important, the reduction and possible eventual elimination of waste tires with all their
environmental problems may one day become a reality.
Although reviews by researchers and government officials have been generally positive,
questions remain. Some transportation officials fear that the material has not been
adequately tested. There is no conclusive evidence that asphalt rubber can be recycled
after it deteriorates, as conventional asphalt can. And there is concern whether the
process of heating and laying the material gives off more toxic fumes than conventional
methods.
Another issue is cost, which is twice that of standard asphalt. Even though tests indicate
that roads repaved with the mixture could last twice as long, allowing it to be applied
sparingly and reducing the overall cost, not everyone believes that the material’s greater
expense is justified. In addition, only a handful of companies have the licenses to make
patented key ingredients in the product, generating criticism from some who say the price
would be lower if there was more competition.
149
Despite such concerns, asphalt rubber is considered less permeable than conventional
asphalt and therefore not as susceptible to cracks and potholes caused by rain and
freezing temperatures. In addition, roads paved with it are slightly darker and smoother
and it is believed that the rubber in the pavement provides for a quieter ride and better
traction which promises a better solution to existing environmental and transportation
problems.
1. What is the main topic of this passage?
A. Solutions to getting rid of junked tires
B. How to make asphalt from broken-down scrap
C. A combined approach to solving environmental and transportation problems
D. Concerns about costs and safety of asphalt rubber
2. According to the passage, asphalt rubber can be ______.
A. applied in a thinner layers
B. recycled after it deteriorates
C. less expensive than conventional asphalt
D. produced by any interested company
3. The word “toxic” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _______.
A. wholesome
B. useful
C. poisonous
D. strange
4. It can be inferred from the passage that _________.
A. Conventional asphalt can be recycled after it deteriorates
B. Asphalt rubber’s cost is not higher than that of standard asphalt
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C. The new material’s greater expense is justified by technology companies
D. The new material has been tested carefully
5. Which of the following is not a benefit of asphalt rubber production?
A. Less maintenance is required
B. The amount of material transported to the road site is reduced
C. All environmental problems may be solved
D. Noise pollution on the roads in urban areas is decreased
6. The word “standard” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _______.
A. common B. unusual C. different D. important
7. The writer’s tone in the passage is ________.
A. negative B. objective C. severe D. cynical
(Source: https://moon.vn/hoi-dap/according-to-the-passage-asphalt-rubber-can-be--
806612)
READING 23
Acid rain describes any form of precipitation that contains high levels of nitric and
sulfuric acids. It can also occur in the form of snow, fog, and tiny bits of dry material that
settle to Earth.
Rotting vegetation and erupting volcanoes release some chemicals that can cause acid
rain, but most acid rain is a product of human activities. The biggest sources are coal-
burning power plants, factories, and automobiles.
When humans burn fossil fuels, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are
released into the atmosphere. Those air pollutants react with water, oxygen, and other
substances to form airborne sulfuric and nitric acid. Winds may spread these acidic
compounds through the atmosphere and over hundreds of miles. When acid rain reaches
Earth, it flows across the surface in runoff water, enters water systems, and sinks into the
soil.
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Nitrogen oxides contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone, a major pollutant that
can be harmful to people. Both nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide cause environmental
and health concerns because they can spread easily via air pollution and acid rain.
Acid rain has many ecological effects, especially on lakes, streams, wetlands, and other
aquatic environments. Acid rain makes such waters more acidic, which results in more
aluminum absorption from soil, which is carried into lakes and streams. That combination
makes waters toxic to crayfish, clams, fish, and other aquatic animals.
The effects of acid rain leave trees and plants less healthy, more vulnerable to cold
temperatures, insects, and disease. The pollutants may also inhibit trees' ability to
reproduce. Acid deposits damage physical structures such as limestone buildings and
cars. And when it takes the form of inhalable fog, acid precipitation can cause health
problems including eye irritation and asthma.
The only way to fight acid rain is by curbing the release of the pollutants that cause it.
This means burning fewer fossil fuels and setting air-quality standards. In the U.S., the
Clean Air Act of 1990 targeted acid rain helped cut sulfur dioxide emissions 88 percent
and nitrogen dioxide emissions 50 percent between 1990 and 2017. These trends have
helped red spruce forests in New England and some fish populations, for example,
recover from acid rain damage.
1. All of the following are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT _________.
A. How acidic compounds are dispersed in the atmosphere
B. Where acidic compounds can appear
C. What acidic compounds do after reaching Earth
D. Why acidic compounds can react with water and oxygen
2. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 about fossil fuels?
A. It causes most pollution on Earth
B. It releases sulfuric and nitric acid when burned
C. It contributes little to the formation of acid rain
D. It contains both sulphur and nitrogen
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3. According to the passage, why does acid rain make waters toxic to aquatic animals?
A. Because it increases the levels of acidity and aluminum in waters
B. Because it makes soil absorb more aluminum
C. Because it reduces the amount of oxygen in waters
D. Because it destroys the foods of aquatic animals
4. The word “vulnerable” in the passage is closest in meaning to _______.
A. susceptible B. exposed C. likely D. welcome
5. The word “inhalable” in the passage is closest in meaning to _______.
A. actionable B. breathable
C. portable D. reliable
6. Which of the following is not affected by acid rain?
A. humans health B. tree’s reproduction
C. the world’s economy D. architecture
7. The author mentions the Clean Air Act of 1990 in the U.S to ______.
A. Provide an example of action to curb acid rain
B. Prove that the suggested solution is effective
C. Indicate the U.S is better than other countries
D. Show that fighting acid rain is easy
(Source:https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/acid-
rain?cmpid=int_org=ngp::int_mc=website::int_src=ngp::int_cmp=amp::int_add=amp_
readtherest)
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READING 24
For decades, "cookies" have been tracking you around the web. They're the snippets of
code that uniquely identify your browser and allow those shoe ads to follow you from site
to site after you visit an online storefront. Soon, their time may be up.
The future of tracking-based web advertising, Google argued, will be more abstract,
relying less on an individual's browser history and more on what groups of internet users
may be viewing at any given time.
Facebook makes its money by serving ads. It doesn't directly sell user information to
advertisers; instead, it offers advertisers the opportunity to target ads to certain categories
of Facebook users based on that data. Slicing and dicing people's identities by their
relationship status, the pages they've liked and even the content they click lets Facebook
sell access to highly specific groups.
The approach being championed by Google would theoretically give users more power
than Facebook's model. Rather than centralizing all user data under one roof, internet
users' web history would remain stored in their own browsers or on their own devices.
Depending on which version of this idea is implemented, users could have settings that
let them control what information their browser shares with the world. Ads for shoes and
camping gear might still follow you around the internet this way, but advertisers would
now be blasting those ads to you and thousands of others as a group, not as an individual.
That concept, which Google is currently testing, is designed to take the place of third-
party tracking cookies, which can track you from site to site and develop a highly detailed
picture of your browsing history for advertising purposes. Google says its vision of the
future helps improve user privacy while still offering advertisers the same ability to target
audiences.
Cyphers argued that, depending on how small each cohort is and the ability for clever
companies to cross-reference that data with other available information — such as your
email address — it may well be possible for third parties to figure out who you are,
anyway.
Even though it's moving away from the third-party cookie, that doesn't mean Google has
become consumers' knight in shining armor. Google-backed tracking proposal is being
scrutinized for the way it could further entrench the company.
154
1. What is the main topic of this article?
A. A new area of advertising
B. A replacement for third-party tracking cookies
C. A better way to browse the Internet
D. A reduction in cookies of Facebook
2. The word “abstract” in the passage is closest in meaning to _______.
A. untouchable B. conceptual
C. significant D. unforeseeable
3. According to the passage, Facebook analyses people’s identities based on all of the
following EXCEPT _______.
A. what marital status they have
B. which pages they liked
C. which information they see
D. what phones they use
4. The word “championed” in the passage is closest in meaning to _______.
A. winned B. advocated
C. opposed D. expressed
5. What is the difference between Facebook’s tracking method and Google’s new
approach?
A. Facebook can make money through its method while Google can’t
B. Facebook gives its customers the control over their web browsers
C. Facebook targets at each individual while Google targets at groups of people
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D. Facebook targets ads at highly general groups while Google targets ads at highly
specific ones.
6. Which of the following might be the topic of the next paragraph?
A. How Google becomes consumers' knight in privacy protection
B. How Google moves away from the third-party cookies
C. How Google’s tracking proposal will be scrutinised
D. How Google entrenches its power through its new tracking method
7. What is the author’s tone in this passage?
A. emotional B. negative
C. technical D. neutral
(Source: https://edition.cnn.com/2021/03/09/tech/cookies-google-tracking/index.html)
READING 25
Ignorance, of course, plays some role in the traditional acceptance of superstition. Not
having sufficient knowledge, faith or trust in scientific methods, a Vietnamese often
relies on his prejudices, emotions and the word of his forefathers to guide his daily life.
Superstition, sometimes, plays more than a passing role in Vietnamese society. By the
time a boy is old enough to marry, for example, he may not be able to wed the girl he
loves because she was born in the wrong year. On the 12-year lunar calendar commonly
used throughout Asia, many of the years are considered incompatible. Such years are
thought to bring misfortune if they are improperly matched with other years. Thus a
young man born in “the Year of the Tiger,” cannot marry his beloved from “the Year of
the Horse” unless he wants to risk a break in family ties with his parents and elder
relatives. To the conservative relatives, the Tiger and Horse are incompatible and sure to
bring bad luck to such a marriage.
Some animals themselves are also regarded as a sign of either good or bad luck. For
example, the hoot of an owl is regarded as a bad omen announcing death or illness.
According to ancient tradition the bird must be chased away and those who heard his cry
should be extremely cautious about their personal safety.
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A large number of fortune-tellers, astrologers and palm-readers owe their living to

Vietnamese superstition and often made a fortune from their clients. Even the poor save
money for occasional visits to well-known soothsayers. Superstition has been known to
determine the conduct of the war in this ravaged country. A friendly or enemy
commander may refuse to attack or may alter his strategy if the stars are not in his favor.
One story has it that an American commander always consulted a Vietnamese astrologer
before planning the deployment of his troops. When questioned by his incredulous
superiors, he explained that, according to his theory, he could depend on the enemy to
base his attacks on the positions of the stars. So, he consulted a stargazer himself for
intelligence on the enemy’s movements.
1. What is NOT mentioned as a cause of a person’s belief in superstition?
A. His prejudices B. His scientific knowledge
C. His emotions D. His forefather’s words
2. What does a girl consider when deciding whether to get married to a boy?
A. His birthday B. His birth-month
C. His birth-season D. His birth-year
3. Which of the following best replaces the word “incompatible” in paragraph 2?
A. incomparable
B. fitting
C. mismatched
D. different
4. According to the passage, what will bring misfortune to a marriage is the combination
between a girl born in the Year of Horse and a boy born in the Year of ________.
A. Buffalo B. Tiger C. Mouse D. Dragon
5. The sound of which animal below is considered bad luck?
A. Owl B. Dove C. Duck D. Cock
6. The phrase “make a fortune” is most likely to be replaced by ______.
157
A. earn a lot of money B. receive a lot of luck
C. get a lot of luck wishes D. avoid unlucky things
7. In the passage, why did a commander consult an astrologer?
A. Because he himself believed in superstition
B. Because he was unaffected by superstition
C. To learn about the plans of the opposing troops
D. To assure his troops of the beliefs in superstition
158
CHAPTER 6:
ERROR
IDENTIFICATION
159
1, (A) Sightings of this (B) species of bird have been (C) few and far behind, even in (D)
nature reserves.
2, As he engaged (A) in (B) bingy drinking on a daily (C) basis, he gradually (D)
developed symptoms of cancer.
3, Once (A) considered meaningless and (B) rather distracting, gesticulation is now being
taken more (C) seriously as a (D) mean of communion, and has been the subject of a
great deal of research in recent years.
4, The money I (A) derived from working (B) was paid (C) direct into my (D) banking
account.
5, "You (A) didn't need to buy that.", (B) sighed my wife on (C) hearing that I had
purchased (D) another vase.
6, When (A) searching for the (B) buried treasure, we noticed a strange (C) inhumane
sound (D) coming from a distant place, warning about an animal lurking somewhere.
7, They (A) had no option (B) but to cut (C) shortly their holiday when a member
suddenly fell (D) ill.
8, "Who wants to (A) go through hardships (B) by themselves without friends?", she
asked me, her hands closely (C) tied to (D) my.
9, In (A) the latest edition (B) of the encyclopedia, you can notice (C) a number of up-to-
date (D) entrances.
10, You have to abide (A) by several (B) strict codes of (C) practices while (D) working
in this enterprise.
11, (A) In search of green canopies, I accidentally found a vast space covered (B) with
trees which was the (C) remain of (D) a wood.
12, (A) In event of a nuclear war, (B) the human (C) race is (D) to blame for the
extinction of other species.
13, (A) Unlike him, I did not major (B) in (C) contracted farming at university, (D) which
partly accounts for my lack of knowledge about this subject.
14, I made it (A) clear to them that I (B) would like my house (C) to be painted white (D)
through.
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15. He was a (A) true (B) originality whose behaviour was (C) diametrically different
from (D) others.
16, To the (A) best of my knowledge, when I studied with him, my Japanese was not on
(B) a level with (C) his: he spoke Japanese (D) indefinitely better than me.
17, Among (A) other significant contributions the army (B) made to the improvement of
the conditions of life (C) were the investigation of the relationships (D) among health,
climate, and architecture.
18, (A) In the wake of his heroic (B) deeds, Nguyen Ngoc Manh was (C) awarded
“Certificate of Honour” (D) in recognizance of his bravery.
19, The Covid-19 pandemic (A) notwithstanding, (B) the economy of Vietnam witnessed
(C) growth in 2020 at a (D) respective 2.91 percent.
20, I was (A) awoken to the (B) realisation that our marriage was (C) over by my friend’s
(D) advice.
21, After (A) putting in (B) a hard day’s work, he arrived home (C) tired, sat on the sofa,
and slipped (D) unawarely into sleep.
22, The editor (A) dropped in, notifying me that our novel (B) would be come out the
following month, (C) a piece of news which made me (D) overjoyed.
23. (A) Having taken a (B) leisurely stroll in the park, we decided to have a (C)
sumptuous meal at an opulent eatery and had to pay a bill just (D) shy from 15,000,000
VND.
24. As revealed by some journalists, people (A) hailed as real-life heroes and their private
(B) lives are the (C) stocks-in-trade of (D) the tabloids.
25. On the spur of (A) the moment, I decided to visit the bookstore on my way (B) home
to buy some (C) stationary and (D) lighted upon a former classmate of mine.
26. (A) In the field of astronomy, (B) cosmic distance is measured (C) on (D) light-years.
27. In the (A) last 10 years, (B) Vietnamese government has increased its GDP (C)
growth rate (D) to about 2.91%.
28. Jane Addams, social worker, author, and (A) spokeswoman for the women’s suffrage
(B) movements, (C) she received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 for her (D) humanitarian
achievements.
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29. Nguyen Trai’s poems and (A) literary works, which are to (B) some extent
philosophic and
humanitarian, established (C) them as a leading (D) figure in the history of literature.
30. All tournament chess games are (A) played (B) with a chess clock – (C) that is two
clocks (D) attached together.
31. Elon Musk’s Space X company is continuing its exploration of the Solar System, (A)
at which rate all (B) the planets will have been contacted (C) within the (D) near 50
years.
32. Some writing systems (A) were published and achieved a (B) measure of popularity
for a while, but almost all, until the present day, (C) fell eventually (D) in disuse.
33. (A) Dance notation (B) got off to a much later start and has undergone a long (C)
success of (D) false attempts.
34. (A) Those so many successful (B) beginnings were (C) made in the field of film-
making (D) is not surprising.
35. There is also an important difference (A) between realism and reality, (B) although
this (C) distinct is often forgotten.
36. The young (A) have the power to change the world, rid it forever (B) with war and
injustice and suffering, (C) provided they know (D) how, know what to do.
37. Many scientists and experts (A) believe the idea of (B) terraforming (C) Mars is
extreme (D) and not ridiculous.
38. Tourism is always considered (A) a key element in the (B) economics of (C) Arctic
zones and many (D) desert areas
39. Just as causes and (A) quantities of stress are (B) subject to personal factors, so is the
way in (C) which a person deals with (D) them.
40. Stress is (A) said to be the culprit (B) in a high (C) percent of heart problems and
stomach (D) disorders
41. (A) Squadrons of planes can save fuel by flying in a V (B) formation, and many
scientists (C) suspect that migrating birds do the (D) similar.
42. Speech is really (A) such integral a form of human activity (B) that it cannot be
regarded (C) as an entity in (D) itself.
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43. This is the vital point (A) about their discovery: there is (B) at last a (C) theoretical
possibility that smaller planets (D) could be orbiting inside the orbit of this planet.
44. The global (A) recording industry has launched its largest wave of legal (B) activity
against people (C) suspected of sharing (D) music files on the internet.
45. (A) Everyday we get (B) cold calls on the phone from total strangers (C) trying to sell
us something. That’s (D) annoying!
46. There’s a coffee shop (A) called Highlands near here (B) where the customers spend
hours (C) discussing (D) about the food.
47. The (A) standard length of the marathon is 42.5 kilometers but this one is 240
kilometers (B) long and (C) spends seven days (D) to complete.
48. According to recent (A) estimation, about (B) three million people worldwide have
died (C) because of (D) the COVID-19 pandemic.
49. The best (A) deterrent against shoplifting is the (B) present of staff properly (C)
trained (D) in how to identify potential shoplifters.
50. H-C Travel Motorcycle Tours (A) to India, Bhutan, Nepal and Tibet (B) offer
something for everyone: (C) from the beauty of Sikkim to the (D) splender of Rajasthan.
51. Uranus is the (A) alone planet in (B) the solar system (C) which is tipped on (D) its
side.
52. A new battery (A) for domestic appliances (B) in the house is (C) as thin and flexible
as (D) paper.
53. Communication satellites (A) can be either (B) launched by rockets (C) and carried
into (D) space by space shuttles.
54. We are reluctant (A) to order more (B) equipment from that firm because the last (C)
shipment was received so (D) lately.
55. Converse All Star is offering substantial (A) savings on athletic footwear this month,
but not (B) all types are available (C) in all (D) shoes sizes.
56. Joseph Priestley is (A) immortal in the (B) history of (C) chemistry as the (D)
discovery of oxygen in 1774.
57. Tyrannosaurus rex (A) grew to (B) a (C) height similar to a (D) giraffe.
58. When in a (A) relaxed state, the muscles in (B) an asleep bird’s feet (C) contract,
holding the bird on (D) its perch.
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59. The most frequently (A) sung song in the world, ‘ Happy bday to you’, was actually
(B) written with (C) other set of words by the Hill (D) sisters in 1893.
60. The kiwi, a (A) nocturnal bird in the country (B) of New Zealand, is (C) alive only
after (D) nightfall.
61. (A) The reader may (B) be gaining an impression that this text is (C) being written to
criticise, not to (D) complement.
62. After the workshop, (A) the majority agreed that they gained a new appreciation (B)
of life and the (C) relationships they had (D) formally taken for granted.
63. Most schools (A) are based on the fundamental (B) principal that each child (C)
should develop (D) its full potential.
64. Many people have to (A) rely on the government to cover the (B) bear (C) necessities
such as rent and (D) emergency medical treatment during the pandemic.
65. Last week, I visited (A) the beach in Kitty Hawk (B) where the Wright brothers (C)
made their (D) historical first airplane flight.
66. A (A) classical novel is a novel that represents a (B) genre or a writing style, (C) or it
can be a novel that makes a (D) contribution to literature.
67. (A) Beside music appreciation and singing, girls also (B) scored higher responding
(C) means than boys (D) for playing the recorder and other instruments.
68. The test is initiated by the driver (A) placing the sensor head in (B) his mouth then
taking a few deep (C) breathes and (D) blowing into the device.
69. Whether you (A) crave sweet, savory, decadent or (B) healthy, we have hundreds of
top-rated (C) desert recipes (D) to satisfy your taste buds.
70. (A) The curricula of American public schools (B) is determined by individual states,
(C) not by the (D) federal government.
71. Neither the mathematics department nor the biology department at State University
(A) requires that the students (B) must write a thesis in order (C) to graduate with a (D)
master’s degree.
72. (A) The wild area (B) to the north of the lake (C) comprises of (D) conifer forests and
small lakes.
73. (A) The rose has (B) long been (C) a symbol of love, romance, and (D) it is very
beautiful.
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74. Up the World War II (A) almost all important (B) research in physics had been (C)
made in universities, with only university funds (D) for support.
75. The schoolboy’s excuse wasn’t (A) creditable at all - Nobody (B) in the classroom
believed in the (C) far-fetched story he (D) told.
76. (A) When I got my case back from my friend, it (B) had been damaged (C) over
repair - (D) How annoying!
77. This last lesson (A) on survival skills came (B) into (C) handy when a group of
soldiers nearly found us along (D) a riverbank.
78. (A) Having finished his term paper (B) before the deadline, (C) it was delivered to
the (D) professor before the class.
79. Such characters (A) as fairies or witches in Walt Disney (B) animated cartoons,
which (C) are loved by most children, are purely (D) imaginative.
Key: D. imaginative -> imaginary
80. I (A) have lived near the harbour for (B) so long that I’ve grown (C) familiar to the
noise (D) of the ships and boats.
81. (A) The new librarian (B) has been found to be not only inefficient (C) but also lazy
(D) has been sacked.
82. Neither of the (A) girls (B) have turned in the term papers (C) to the instructor (D)
yet.
83. The deadbolt is (A) the best lock for entry doors (B) because it is (C) not
only inexpensive but (D) installation is easy.
84. Life insurance, (A) before available (B) only to young, healthy persons, can now (C)
be obtained for old people and (D) even for pets.
85. The head proctor tells the students when they should (A) begin the exam, how long
(B) they have to complete it, and what (C) the procedures are for (D) turning in.
86. Comets, which are (A) heavenly bodies with star-like (B) nuclei and tails, appear (C)
luminously when visiting our (D) skies as many as five or more times each year.
87. Ice (A) covers roughly ten percent of the (B) earth’s land surface, which is (C) about
the same (D) number as farms.
88. Experts believe that (A) governments will be hesitant (B) to allow large (C) payments
to be made anonymously (D) by bitcoin.
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89. (A) Whichever the weather, and (B) however far from the farmhouse they are
working, our neighbours come home (C) at midday (D) to their dinner.
90. A major collection like (A) those of London’s National Gallery (B) is housed in
numerous rooms, each with dozens of (C) works, (D) any one of which is very expensive.
91. Today’s viewer is deterred (A) against trying to (B) extend that spontaneous,
immediate, self-reliant kind of reading (C) which would originally (D) have met the
work.
92. (A) Just think! Next month you will be in your (B) teenage and it seems like (C) only
yesterday you (D) were a baby.
93. President Clinton’s proposal will help (A) ensure (B) which parents in (C) every state
have access (D) to the information .
94. They need (A) to determine the quality of their schools and (B) identity areas (C) in
which improvement (D) is needed.
95. Psychologists are therefore (A) raising the (B) possibility that genius (C) is the (D)
production of teaching.
96. The argument that (A) personable presenters help (B) draw viewers into shows is now
(C) outweighed by the fashion for making them the (D) focus on the programmes.
Key: D. focus on -> focus of
97. A sequence of smaller maps (A) shows the world’s population density, (B) each
country’s birth and (C) death rates and gross national product in terms of (D) per capital
income.
98. In our Vietnamese (A) tradition, women are more (B) certainly (C) to bow the head
than (D) to shake hands.
99. (A) In the beginning of the twentieth century, (B) a new science emerged, (C) in
which many theories of the past (D) were disproved by the scientific method.
100. Even (A) invalids, (B) confined to beds or wheelchairs, (C) become tired as the
evening (D) wears out.
101. For the (A) past eight years, many musicians (B) have gathered together (C) in
Switzerland’s (D) most glitzy ski resort to play, to teach and socialise.
102. Verbier is home (A) for three weeks (B) to more than 100 young musicians, (C)
starried-eyed about getting a (D) crashing course at the highest possible level.
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103. Today’s African savannah grasshopper manages (A) to remain largely undetected by
(B) its predators, (C) by changing color (D) at the spot.
104. (A) Talk show producers say they provide useful information and (B) have helped to
create (C) a more sensitive and (D) educational public.
105. In the harsh economic (A) climax that exists at present, (B) very few people are
lucky enough (C) to find a job in the first (D) place.
106. The Internet makes (A) it easier for educators to check (B) for plagiarism as a
simple Internet (C) search for a quote will be enough to (D) impose copying.
107. In many TV (A) commercials, men are often seen as useless, (B) childlike oafs who
are unable (C) to perform the simplest household (D) tasks.
108. Alexander Calder, who was (A) originally interested in (B) mechanical engineering,
(C) later became a (D) sculpture.
109. (A) The first national park (B) in world, Yellowstone National Park, (C) was
established (D) in 1872.
110. Globes and maps (A) have always been important throughout history, (B) but never
(C) as more so (D) than today.
111. (A) Studying the (B) science of logic is one (C) way to cultivate one’s (D) reason
skills.
112. Because vitamins (A) are contained (B) in a wide variety of (C) foods, people
seldom (D) lack of most of them.
113. In addition to traditional (A) treatments such as strawberry (B) shortcakes,
strawberry tarts and strawberries dipped (C) into chocolate, (D) there is strawberry pizza!
114. (A) Included in this list of ‘tools’ are: education, social skills, cultural awareness and
the acquisition of (B) languages, the most important of these (C) being the (D) later.
115. This (A) one-language phenomenon could be (B) contributed to a combination of
factors, (C) in which the monolingual environment (D) played a strong role.
116. Many individuals are sick (A) to death of (B) sexy jokes from their peers which (C)
poke fun (D) at women.
117. Perhaps those who argue the (A) contrast are guilty of a (B) stick-in-the-sand
mentality (C) which is often not (D) confined to their own language.
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118. E-book technology is (A) evolving rapidly, and (B) with some of the latest (C)
handholds you will even get (D) internet access.
119. The production process (A) from first plan by author (B) until delivery to the printer
has been (C) doing (D) electrically for a while now.
120. (A) Surviving in the music industry requires an (B) intricate knowledge of (C) how a
record company (D) is functioned.
121. The (A) principle cause of the (B0 whirlwind is intense insulation, which produces
an (C) overheated air mass just (D) above the ground.
122. What makes (A) those educated people leave their countries should (B) be
considered and a (C) distinct between push and pull factors must be (D) made.
123. With more entrepreneurs (A) taking their (B) investments abroad, developing
countries are (C) missing an opportunity of (D) wealthy creation.
124. (A) Most of the measures (B) made so far have not had any (C) success in
alleviating the (D) effects of brain drain.
125. A more global (A) sight must take into consideration the (B) provision of adequate
working and living (C) conditions in the (D) sending countries.
126. (A) This was one of the (B) limits of the technique: life (C) could not exist on such
(D) large planets.
127. A growing (A) recognition that zoos ought to be in the (B) vanguard of the fight (C)
for the devastation of our natural world (D) has begun a zoological revolution.
128. (A) Health experts warn that this (B) winter’s breakthrough could be as severe as the
1989 epidemic, which (C) killed 25,000 people in Britain (D) only.
129. An (A) environmental story of mankind would (B) have to be a history of the (C)
spiral demand for natural resources and their inevitable (D) depletion.
130. Entrepreneurs are now looking (A) into the limits of land, sea, (B) and sky; the new
target is (C) the stars and, more especially, (4) asteroids.
131. (A) Seasonal thawing at the (B) basis of the glacier helps (C) facilitate the (D)
slippage of the ice along the ground surface.
132. An endangered species is a population of an organism which is (A) both few (B) in
numbers, or threatened by (C) changing environmental or (D) predation parameters.
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133. The expert (A) saw bureaucracy as both the most (B) efficient possible system, and
a threat (C) to the basic liberties he (D) felt dear.
134. Real relaxation is (A) a state of alert (B) yet at the same time passive awareness, (C)
in which our bodies are (D) in rest while our minds are awake.
135. The need to (A) farther improve the quantity of mattresses (B) shows the importance
of (C) the bed as a piece of furniture in (D) a home.
136. A student who (A) studies how to (B) use a dictionary effectively will be able to
work (C) independently for much of (D) the time.
137. Biologists tend (A) to assume that the (B) compelling qualities of human activities
are (C) derivatives of basic (D) drives.
138. If any (A) given activity can (B) be seen to facilitate adaptation (C) with the
environment, it makes sense in (D) biological terms.
139. When a blue whale is (A) completely grown, its heart is the same (B) height as a tall
man and (C) weighs as much as a horse (D) does.
140. It’s certainly too soon to say (A) if the (B) sight of several tigers (C) in wildlife is an
indication of a (D) populous recovery.
141. (A) Once you have calmed (B) down, things won’t look half as (C) badly as you
first (D) thought.
142. (A) Again and again it (B) may be a good idea (C) to give your opponent an
opportunity (D) to make a mistake.
143. The first (A) casualty of the (B) reorganization will be the bus service, (C) which
will be stopped (D) all together.
144. A good food wine (A) would be a nice (B) compliment to (C) grilled dishes or (D)
ones with cream sauces.
145. A panel of (A) uninterested judges who (B) had never met the contestants (C) before
judged the (D) singing contest.
146. Chester (A) visited the beach in Kitty Hawk (B) where the Wright brothers (C) made
their (D) historical first airplane flight.
147. Solar eclipse can have an (A) effect on plants and animals that are (B) used to the
regular (C) circle of (D) day and night.
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148. It is (A) designed to help each (B) applicant to make an (C) informative decision
before applying for a particular (D) programme of study.
149. Now most of (A) the paint had been (B) peeled away by (C) successful seasons (D)
of sun and rain.
150. People who watched a (A) sports event on TV, with all (B) their movement and
action, (C) valued the still image as a (D) reminder of the game.
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CHAPTER 7 :
CONFUSED WORDS
COLLOCATIONS, IDIOMS
& PHRASAL VERBS
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1. My mother told me to do the ________ yesterday but I forgot about it since I had much
homework to finish.
A. wash-up B. laundry C. childcare D. exercises
2. Most newlyweds nowadays find it difficult to be in charge of the household ________.
A. financial B. financially C. finances D. financier
3. It’s not too late to ________ your bad habits and immediately start living a happier,
healthier life.
A. get rid B. give on C. kick D. shoot
4. Some Vietnamese traditional foods and spices like shrimp paste may ____ your breath
for days after a meal.
A. damage B. harm C. reduce D. spoil
5. “Do you know an apple a day can help you keep fit, build healthy bones and prevent
disease like cancer?” - “Wow! ________”
A. I would love to. B. It’s a good idea.
C. That’s incredible. D. You must like apple.
6. My teacher assigned us a writing task about ________of our favorite singers.
A. biology B. biography C. biodiversity D. biochemist
7. At MAMA 2019, the best Asian Artist Vietnam ________ went to Hoang Thuy Linh.
A. rank B. prize C. reward D. award
8. The young generation today have become well ________ of the problems facing the
world such as climate change, food security, and gender inequality.
A. aware B. concerned C. helpful D. interested
9. A/an ________ is a person who needs others to take care of him/her, because of illness
that he/she had for a long time.
A. patient B. martyr C. invalid D. addict
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10. A lot of generous businessmen such as Vingroup CEO Pham Nhat Vuong have
________ valuable contributions to helping needy people during the pandemic.
A. done B. taken C. made D. given
11. On the door of the house where Louis Braille was born are the words ‘He opened the
door of ________ to all those who cannot see.’
A. knowledge B. information C. news D. material
12. It is definitely true that nature has inspired ________ inventions and technologies,
including the modern plane.
A. numbers B. numeral C. numerical D. numerous
13. Students in Vietnam and many other countries are allowed to use phones at school as
these personal ________ devices are useful for learning.
A. electric B. electrical C. electronic D. electronical
14. Farmers in developing countries contribute to environmental damage by spraying

________ with ________, which stay in the soil for years.
A. agriculture – pesticides B. agriculture - fertilizers
C. crops – fertilizers D. crops - pesticides
15. Located about 60 km southwest of Seoul, this eco city has been planned around a
central park and designed so that every resident can walk to work in the business
________.
A. district B. area C. location D. organisation
16. The famous cartoon Minions is _______ released at the end of this summer.
A. on the verge of being B. on the point of being
C. due to be D. about to be
17. From the cliff top it was a(n) ______ drop to the beach below.
A.sheer B.straight C.upright D.erect
18. The old woman ________ her son’s girlfriend up and down, and then asked her in.
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A. watched B. observed C. noticed D. eyed
19. Many conservatives nowadays still ________ some unusual educational beliefs that
are irrelevant in the modern world.
A. keeps B. carries C. holds D. takes
20. While the family were asleep, the burglar picked the lock of their front door and crept
________ into their living room.
A. lazily B. stealthily C. clumsily D. criminally
21. My younger brother has applied for a (an) ________ lot of jobs but he’s only been
short- listed once.
A. awful B. dreadful C. enormous D. wide
22. To the amazement of the crowd and ________ disbelief of the Manchester United
players, the referee awarded a goal.
A entire B whole C utter D full
23. Pharmaceutical factories have been building up collections of antiques made from
rhino horn, for the sole _______ of making the essential ingredient of many of their
medicines.
A. reason B. intention C. need D. purpose
24. During the ongoing pandemic, many people are dying for _________ of medical
treatment.
A. need B. absence C. want D. shortage
25. Most adolescents go through a rebellious _________ for a few years but they soon
grow out of it.
A. stint B. span C. duration D. phase
26. It would help me _______ if you could go to the market and buy some raw meat for
me.
A. totally B. absolutely C. enormously D. largely
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27. The police asked one patient to give a _______ description of all the places that she
had visited in 14 days.
A. blow by blow B. word for word C. up and down D. in and out
28. Son Tay is a _______ village not far from the center of Ha Noi.
A. medium-large B. middle-sized C. medium D. medium-sized
29. In the evening, they threw petrol on to the bonfire and the sudden _______ lit up the
whole campsite.
A. glow B. twinkle C. spark D. flare
30. Disney Pixar’s Soul 2020 was a fantastic film. My children enjoyed it _______.
A. endlessly B. unendingly C. without end D. no end
31. When the children _______ their toys, I donated them to the local charity instead of
throwing them away.
A. outlasted B. outdated C. outgrew D. outwore
32. At the turn of the 20th century, Edward Muybridge’s pictures of a runner _________
in every history of photography.
A. exhibit B. show C. feature D. demonstrate
33. The worker started hammering on the adjoining wall but Elsa carried on __________.
A. notwithstanding B. regardless C. irrespective D. nevertheless
34. My digital camera was stolen from my bag at the airport so I __________ a claim on
my insurance.
A. had B. did C. took D. made
35. I don’t want lots of excuses from you; I just want to hear the ________ truth.
A. plain B. clear C. pure D. right
36. This dog has been maltreated by its previous owner but I find it very ________ to
kindness.
A. answerable B. responsible C. reactive D. responsive
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37. There she was, walking out of customs, __________ a huge Louis Vuitton suitcase
behind her- How fashionable and glamorous she is!
A. towing B. manhandling C. pushing D. dragging
38. Camels have either one hump or two humps. The Arabian camel has one hump. The
Bactrian camel, ________ has two humps.
A. nevertheless B. however C. therefore D. otherwise
39. It’s a very _________ community and people are generally very supportive whenever
problems arise.
A. close-knit B. diverse C. intermingled D. blending
40. Louis Pasteur worked hard to fulfil his childhood __________ to become a surgeon.
A. aspiration B. admiration C. adoration D. inspiration
41. The prolonged drought in the West of Vietnam has made farmers _________ anxious
about the harvest.
A. absolutely B. completely C. extremely D. totally
42. The preparations for the Olympic Games 2022 in Qatar are on ________ according to
the committee in charge.
A. goal B. progress C. target D. aim
43. When he examined the gun, detective Edogawa Conan’s suspicion turned into
________.
A. certainty B. confirmation C. reality D. conclusion
44. My little sister listened to everything I said and repeated it word ________ word to
our mum.
A. for B. from C. with D. in
45. At first, the young girl was _________ dumbfounded to hear that her boyfriend
wanted to break up, and then came the stirrings of auto-hypnotic perturbation.
A. exceedingly B. out-and-out C. somewhat D. utterly
46. It may be raining cats and dogs, but I’m ________ enjoying myself.
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A. thoroughly B. highly C. extremely D. desperately
47. We have to stress that the ________ is on you - the parents - to bring up your own
children.
A. duty B. charge C. onus D. liability
48. Although the twins look identical, they have widely _______ opinions on almost
every topic under the sun.
A. distinct B. dissimilar C. divergent D. distinguished
49. It is far too easy to lay the blame ________ on the shoulders of the management-
everyone has their own fault, actually.
A. flatly B. willingly C. squarely D. perfectly
50. They were the best economic analysts in the United States - a team hand - ________
by the President himself.
A. selected B. picked C. named D. chosen
51. Most teachers nowadays have to take private pupils in order to ___________ their
virtually insufficient salary.
A. augment B. expand C. complete D. inflate
52. The movie ‘Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone’ takes considerable _________
with the novel that it is based on.
A. liberties B. privileges C. enlightenments D. deliverances
53. This old living room could really do with another _________ of paint and a new set
of furniture.
A. coat B. jacket C. skin D. sliver
54. This watercolor picture of the Sun looked very impressive but in fact it had
been__________ from another.
A. imitated B. emulated C. copied D. faked
55. After the year 1945, the Vietnamese government effortlessly fought to eradicate the
________ of starvation caused by the war.
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A. leftovers B. legacy C. remains D. tradition
56. Elton Musk is the ________ of Project Gutenberg, one of the longest-lasting
aerospace manufacturers.
A. founder B. author C. architect D. father
57. Being allowed to use mobile phones at school, students have _______ to good
resources.
A. been accessed B. access C. accessing D. assessed
58. This new medical technology will ________ major changes in the field of COVID 19
prevention.
A. bring about B. come up with C. turn into D. come about
59. After the severe 2020 California wildfires, many people are now ________to the
cause of forest conservation.
A. condemned B. compounded C. battered D. dedicated
60. ‘I brought you something special for your birthday, Janita.’
‘Diamond earrings! You ________, but I’m really glad you did.’
A. can’t have B. wouldn’t have C. mustn’t have D. shouldn’t have
61. The school committee decided to pay ______ to their famous Nobel-winner alumni
by naming the new gym after her.
A. esteem B. homage C. honour D. respect
62. This morning, I had to eat my breakfast in great ________ so as not to miss the high-
speed train to Tokyo- I ate up everything in just 5 minutes!
A. speed B. pace C. rush D. haste
63. That tie you are wearing doesn’t ______ you. You should wear something brighter.
A. appeal B. follow C. match D. suit
64. ‘Britta got a fine for causing that severe collision with a motorbike’ – ‘ Yes, it was
proved in court that he had been ______ while sitting behind the wheel.’
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A. negligent B. negligible C. neglected D. neglect
65. It is of ______ importance that this highly confidential information is not revealed to
anyone else in the company.
A. capital B. foremost C. superior D. paramount
66. Whether that model becomes the next Queen of Beauty or not is a matter of complete
______ to me.
A. disinterest B. importance C. indifference D. interest
67. Nonetheless. I suspect that the image of that definitely beautiful girl made the heart of
more than one boy ______ a beat.
A. slip B. lose C. skip D. jump
68. Kelvin would ________ his classmates into an argument by teasing them and calling
their names – He deserves being heavily punished.
A. advocate B. provoke C. prompt D. trigger
69. Justin Bieber was ________ in choosing his friends, so his birthday parties were
attended by vastly different and sometimes bizarre personalities.
A. indispensable B. indiscriminate C. inadvertent D. indisputable
70. The child’s ______ display of tears at school did not impress his teacher, who felt he
should try to control her emotions.
A. artful B. flamboyant C. plausible D. schematic
71. When it comes to the ________, Elisabeth always supports her friends both
financially and mentally.
A. point B. crunch C. crisis D. finale
72. Many Covid-19 patients were ______ ill at first, but fortunately, they are now making
a slow but steady recovery.
A. genuinely B. deeply C. fatally D. seriously
73. Many local authorities realize there is a need to make ________ for disabled people
in their housing programmes.
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A. assistance B. conditions C. admittance D. provision
74. During my first year at university, I was so ________ under with deadlines – it was
so awful!
A. snowed B. iced C. rained D. fogged
75. While the best souvenirs are often found rather than purchased, _____ for souvenirs
can also be a fun holiday activity.
A. browsing B. seeking C. surfing D. pursuing
76. As an active person, he always feels he’s in a ________ in his boring job as a
proofreader - he needs a change.
A. ridge B. rut C. ditch D. tunnel
77. This love scene is not suitable for children – in a few more moments it would have
reached the ________ of no return.
A. peak B. point C. apex D. tip
78. Having to stay at home all day during the lockdown is no _____ matter amidst Covid-
19 pandemic.
A. trolling B. spitting C. laughing D. gossiping
79. From my viewpoint, the changes to the education systems at primary level in our
country has been to good _______.
A. influence B. outcome C. upshot D. effect
80. Nicolaus Corpenicus was extremely defiant when some scientists _______ doubt on
his heliocentric theory.
A. cast B. flung C. tossed D. hurled
81. I hope you didn’t _______ exception to my comments- it is just my personal opinion,
anyway.
A. find B. make C. take D. put
82. When he sent me flowers and a note, I was over the __________.
A. sky B. moon C. sun D. cloud
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83. Some of his business activities are illegal, but local police tend to turn a __________
to them.
A. hard nose B. white face C. blind eye D. cold shoulder
84. Your boss is a tyrant but the things that led to your dismissal were of your own
__________.
A. doing B. making C. tasting D. trying
85. The places they travel to on holiday are usually well off the beaten __________.
A. street B. line C. road D. track
86. We’ve got the loan from the bank so we are home and __________ with our new
business.
A. safe B. fine C. dry D. cool
87. An opportunity to sell at this price may never come __________ again, so make the
most of it.
A. into B. through C. up D. under
88. The business partners vowed that nothing would come __________ them and that the
company would survive.
A. across B. between C. down D. off
89. The housing director's remark that 'the homeless could do more to help themselves'
was unfortunate to __________ the least.
A. tell B. say C. utter D. voice
90. The problem with losing weight is that, if you succeed, all your clothes need to
be_________.
A. cut down B. taken in C. made down D. let down
91. Demand for the product is expected to peak five years from now and then to
_________.
A. taper off B. fall down C. set back D. drift away
92. Lack of sleep over the last few months is finally _________ Jane.
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A. coming over B. getting on with C. putting on D. catching up with
93. Stella’s parents decided to _______ out on a reception for 500 people at her wedding.
A. crash B. smash C. thrash D. splash
94. We’re going to have to _______ a lot of money next year to have the house repaired.
A. stock up B. knock off C. fork out D. put back
95. The heavy rain lashed down continuously through the night without
letting_________.
A. out B. over C. on D. up
96. The company had to cough _________ a lot of money to indemnify for the victims in
the accident.
A. up B. out C. into D. away
97. Don’t be __________ by false advertisements. If something looks too good to be true,
it probably is.
A. put off B. given up C. taken in D. put down
98. I must _________ my Spanish before I go to Seville.
A. make up for B. break out of C. brush up on D. cut out for
99. When Tet Holiday comes, Vietnamese people often feel inclined to ________ their
houses.
A. do over B. do in C. do through D. do up
100. He had such a bad stomach that he was _________ with pain.
A. bent down B. folded over C. snapped off D. doubled up
101. They had to _______ at the back of the garden for two hours to find the missing car
keys.
A. bed out B. ransack C. root around D. turn upside down
102. Because of the old man’s poor health, it took him a long time to ________ his bad
cold.
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A. throw off B. throw away C. throw down D. throw over
103. We intend to ________ with the old computer system as soon as we have developed
a better one.
A. do up B. do away C. do in D. do down
104. He was so mean that he couldn’t bear to _________the smallest sum of money for
the charity appeal.
A. pay off B. part with C. give in D. let out
105. When the funds finally ___________, they had to abandon the scheme and
inevitably went bankrupt.
A. faded away B. clamped down C. petered out D. fobbed off
106. To get his proposal accepted, the Finance Manager had to ________ heavy pressure
from his colleagues.
A. fend off B. laugh off C. send off D. push off
107. He is a conman who makes a habit of_________ people’s savings- The local police
should crack down on this problem, really.
A. getting down to B. getting off to
C. running off with D. going through with
108. The short-tempered man does not _________ his fellow-workers and there are often
disagreements between them.
A. get on with B. put up with C. go on with D. keep up with
109. I have been trying to ring him up all day and I could not _________ through. It must
be because of the severe storm last night that disrupt the line.
A. get B. take C. look D. hang
110. You look tired after completing loads of work. Why don’t we _________ and have a
good rest?
A. call its name B. call on C. call it a day D. call off
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111. Because the conference will start soon, I may only have time to dip _________ the
report.
A. into B. down C. through D. in
112. I don’t think anyone understood what I was saying at the meeting, did they? I totally
failed to get my point _________ .
A. around B. along C. across D. about
113. My mother told me to _________ for an electrician when her fan was out of order.
A. send B. write C. rent D. turn
114. As they came under heavy fire, the captain ordered his men to _______.
A. fall away B. fall over C. fall back D. fall out
115. As my secretary will be away for a couple of days, would you be kind enough to
_________ my correspondence?
A. play back B. bring off C. take care of D. return to
116. As the weather is getting more severe, governments should _______ international
laws against overexploitation of natural resources to combat climate change.
A. bring up B. bring about C. bring in D. bring back
117. Only a few students who have excellent life skills can manage to eke _________
their student loan till the end of the year.
A. off B. out C. in D. through
118. Working to _________through with my university years did, in retrospect, prepare

me for life after graduation.
A. get B. pull C. see D. make
119. I’ve never been lazing _____ and have already crammed as much into each day as I
could- the entrance exam takes place in just 2 months.
A. away B. around C. round D. off
120. As she did not have much time left, she only ______ a quick letter to her beloved
family and friends.
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A. put off B. dashed off C. come off D. paid off
121. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels _______ up a friendship the very first time they
met.
A. struck B. launched C. cropped D. settled
122. Despite all the interruptions from the background, he was still able to ______ with
his work.
A. stick at B. hold on C. hang out D. press on
123. With Internet connection, students and professionals will be able to ______ and
explore the world as they have never done before.
A. log on B. take on C. log off D. switch on
124. I have been meaning to _____ going to the local hospital to donate blood for ages.
A. get round to B. get out of C. get up to D. get on to
125. Before you run _____ other people, it is as well to consider your own fault.
A. over B. up C. down D. after
126. Donald Trump is a tough character and won’t let anyone push him ________ no
matter what happens.
A. up B. off C. around D. through
127. At the theater last night, everyone creased ______ when the actor walked in wearing
a dress!
A. up B. off C. on D. out
128. He wasn’t sure if he’d be any good at gardening, but actually he took ____ it
immediately.
A. to B. after C. on D. in
129. The hotel we stayed at in Da Nang was so awesome ! – I could just _____ on this
scenic view the whole weekend.
A. bliss out B. bliss into C. bliss upon D. bliss across
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130. After the accident, everyone started to _______ around the old woman on the floor,
but no one offered her any help.
A. crowd B. spread C.put D. hang
131. I’ve been revising all day for the exam but I don’t think much of it has _____ in.
A. come B. gotten C. dived D. sunk
132. Your grumpy boss will surely tick you _____ if you’re late for work again.
A. up B. at C. on D. off
133. The engine keeps ______ out. I think it’s time we bought a new car.
A. cutting B. putting C. crying D. making
134. He ________ a great job straight after university because his father is a big fish in
city politics.
A. came into B. got through C. walked into D. ran up
135. My student forgot to do the homework again! He still ________the same old
excuses last time this happened.
A. made out B. wheeled out C. blotted out D. cut out
136. When she accused him of stealing her Gucci handkerchief, he _______ that he
hadn’t done it.
A. swore off B. swore out C. swore by D. swore down
137. They kept saying they were interested in my presentation, but they were just
_________.
A. stringing me along B. laying me around
C. catching me out D. taking me on
138. The truth finally _______ about the death of that famous actress when it was
broadcast on TV.
A. found out B. hovered out C. sank in D. showed out
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139. The live concert has been so successful that they have ________ for another
fortnight.
A. held it over B. ticked it off C. blown it over D. carried it off
140. When he’s depressed, he needs someone like a good friend to ________.
A. hammer on B. pour out C. dump on D. drum out
141. Old and conservative people are always _______ cliches like ‘money doesn’t grow
on trees’ and so on.
a. giving out B. putting out C. butting out D. trotting out
142. Kim Jisoo has an unbelievable voice. Her singing is absolutely _______.
A. out of this life B. beyond this world
C. out of this world D. beyond this life
143. Please don’t ______ yourself out. A sandwich will do.
A. let B. take C. put D. leave
144. It was our mistake not to ______ there being so much traffic, and we missed the
train to Ha Noi.
A. bargain on B. favor on
C. carry it away D. carry it on
145. Their predictions were not _______ by subsequent events. In fact, the very opposite
occurred.
A. carried out B. borne off C. borne out D. carried off
146. Many people on board died in the film Titanic as there were not enough life jackets
to go _______.
A. about B. round C. through D. on with
147. I remember the first time I met John when we were in grade 5. We ______
immediately, and we’ve been friends ever since.
A. struck it off B. struck it up C. hit it off D. hit upon it
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148. It must be very difficult to _____ our boss _____ to fixing a date for the meeting –
You might have to turn up on that day whatever happens.
A. put down B. strike down C. pin down D. heel down
149. Ho Chi Minh ______ a full account of his time at Quang Tay prison in his book
Nhat Ky Trong Tu.
A. brought about B. took on C. caught out D. wrote up
150. The noise from Vietnamese fans celebrating their football team’s victory at SEA
Games didn’t ______ until early in the morning.
A. shut off B. give away C. let up D. fall over
151. The contemptibly overproud employee got it into his head he was being ______ for
promotion.
A. passed over B. got over with C. smoothed over D. taken over
152. Last month, beaches in Scotland were ______ as police searched for canisters of
toxic waste from the damaged ship.
A. sealed off B. cut off C. washed off D. tapered off
153. According to historians, dozens of rebellions ______ across Viet Nam in the early
years of the eighteenth century, which led to a civil war.
A. rose up B. turned out C. came up D. broke out
154. Son Tung MTP’s performance was so exciting that many of his fans were _______
enthusiasm.
A. carried away with B. flooded out with
C. taken back with D. stirred up with
155. Her back is playing her _______ during her period! She can do virtually nothing
while it’s so painful.
A. on B. in C. up D. against
156. The pessimistic girl threatened to do herself ______ when her boyfriend ran away
with her best friend!
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A. on B. in C. up D. down
157. The policeman was really quick and experienced! He even managed to ______ the
registration of the car as it sped away.
A. spot up B. jot down C. dot off D. slot up
158. As the class monitor, I will have to ______ students _______ on what’s been
happening in their absence when they come back from sick leave.
A. bring…up B. carry…on C. catch…up D. fill…in
159. Everything is sold out quickly! – Many people believe that they need to ______ food
before the lockdown.
A. stock up on B. knock up on C. club up on D. fork up for
160. I wish my strict English teacher wouldn’t _____ me about neglecting the homework
- I was really busy with other matters yesterday, to be honest.
A. talk down to B. have it out with C. play down to D. keep on at
161. As a _________, politicians and other public figures should avoid making direct
statements that could be used against them.
A. show of hands B. word of mouth C. rule of thumb D. change of heart
162. To make a profit, we’ll have to add a few thousand new customers to our list, which
is __________.
A. a piece of cake B. out of order C. out of our depth D. a tall order
163. The thieves took ___________ when they heard a police car approaching.
A. retreat B. flight C. escape D. getaway
164. By the ___________ of it, the economy will improve over the next few months.
A. face B. impression C. evidence D. look
165. No matter how serious the sporting event, once an animal becomes involved , it will
almost certainly steal the ___________.
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A. highlight B. limelight C. footlight D. spotlight
166. Mark decided to follow in his father’s ___________ and became a dentist.
A. advice B. way C. road D. footsteps
167. Like more and more women, she believes marriage would ___________ her style.
A. restricts B. impedes C. obstructs D. cramps
168. If you are going to town, keep your eyes ________ for that book I was telling you
about.
A. peeled B. clean C. wide D. fresh
169. As his whole family were doctors, it was in his ___________ to take up that
profession
A. blood B. spirit C. soul D. heart
170. The Higg Boson became hot ___________ talk following the release of a series of
Hollywood movies based loosely around the discovery of a so-called “God Particle”.
A. common B. topic C. table D. subject
171. The project has progressed in ___________and starts due to a constant change in
funding.
A. wits B. bits C. fits D. sits
172. When I got stuck in the elevator, I was scared out of my ________.
A. brains B. head C. wits D. nerves
173. After a month, I will ___________ the ropes and won’t keep bothering you for help.
A. show B. learn C. get D. finish
174. - Nadine: “I’ve been offered $550 for my stereo. Should I take it or wait for a better
one?”
Kitty: “Take the $550. ______.”
A. Actions speak louder than words.
B. Kill two birds with one stone.

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C. The early bird catches the worm.
D. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
175. I do wish you would stop cracking your fingers; it ______ my teeth on edge.
A. gets B. makes C. puts D. sets
176. Owing to the heavy traffic on the road to the airport, it was ________ whether we
would be in time to catch our plane.
A. win or lose B. touch and go C. come and go D. on and off
177. Volunteers will risk life and ______ in an emergency when they are called on to
rescue foolhardy or unlucky climbers.
A. limb B. blood C. bone D. flesh
178. It stands to reason that a touch of humour and optimism can work _________ .
A. on all cylinders B. spectacles C. wonders D. your finger to the bones
179. I can’t imagine Mary dancing on a table - she’s much too prim and ____________.
A. perfect B. correct C. right D. proper
180. Revenge at last! I always said I would ____________ my own back on Steve, and
now I have.
A. turn B. get C. do D. make
181. Mai always hands in her homework on time and buys the teacher small presents.The
other children hate her. She’s such a ____.
A. teacher’s toy B. teacher’s jewel C. teacher’s pet D. teacher’s sweet
182. What’s wrong with our boss today? Did he get out of bed on the wrong ____?
A. end B. side C. foot D. edge
183. This mozzarella cheese pizza is so delicious. It’s ______.
A. a done thing B. done to a turn C. a done deal D. done and dusted
184. In spite of working their fingers to the _________, all the staff have been made
redundant during the pandemic.
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A. nail B. edge C. flesh D. bone
185. The cold winter weather is really playing ______ with the spread of many
pneumonia-like viruses.
A. along B. cat and mouse C. havoc D. trick
186. “Why don’t we go to the nursing home to visit the elderly this weekend?”
“That’s what I was just about to suggest. Great minds ________.”
A. think alike B. think the same C. meet each other D. meet likewise
187. Don’t throw that old sweater away – it might ______ one day.
A. come into use B. come into handy C. come in use D. come in handy
188. I’ve been racking my _______ to remember the answer to that History question but
it still won’t come.
A. mind B. thoughts C. brain D. ideas
189. The Ministry of Health is working ___________ with local hospitals in an effort to
stamp out the pandemic.
A. hand in glove B. hand over fist C. hand in hand D. head over heals
190. Many workaholic individuals are extremely successful in their career, but it is often
___________ of their marriage.
A. no end B. at the expense
C. in the hope D. a means to an end
191. Although many Vietnamese doctors had never used a RT-PCR system before, they
soon got the ___________ of it.
A. touch B. swing C. hang D. feel
192. News of the new coronavirus cases spreads like ___________ on social media.
A. the plague B. butter C. wildfire D. a flood
193. Billie Elisha’s punk hairstyle and oversized clothes showed she was not one for
following the ___________.
192
A. flock B. herd C. swarm D. group
194. I’m determined to finish revising for the test by the end of the week, come rain or
____________.
A. shine B. sun C. sunny D. dry
195. Despite all the evidence, the strong headed boy wouldn’t admit that he was in the
___________.
A. fault B. error C. wrong D. slip
196. Buying shares in this company is as safe as ___________. There’s no way you can
lose your money.
A. houses B. a bank C. gold bars D. a vaul
197. I couldn’t get a wink of sleep last night, so I’m not really on the ___________ today.
A. mark B. fringe C. ball D. weakness
198. I know it’s difficult to accept such a harsh truth but you’ll just have to_________and
bear it.
A. grind B. smile C. grin D. chuckle
199. Children born out of ___________ shouldn’t be made fun of, especially in the
academic environment.
A. marriage B. marriage license C. wedlock D. home
200. As the maestro lifted his baton the theater was so still you could hear _________.
A. his heartbeat B. a pin drop C. bird wings D. the drum beating
201. I was impressed by how he ___________ the interview in his stride- nothing seems
worrying to him at all!
A. did B. saw C. took D. made
202. When several companies showed interest in buying the film rights to his novel, he
knew he had __________.
A. upped the ante B. scooped the bag
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C. caught the fat one D. hit the jackpot
203. When I got stuck in the dark elevator on my own, I was scared out of my ________.
A brains B head C wits D nerves
204. Should you fail, the sacrifices made by your family would be meaningless and reside
_______.
A. on your conscience B. at your wits’ end
C. off your own boat D. under your thumb
205. I’ve just heard that argument between you and Jerry before and quite frankly it just
doesn’t ________!
A. face the music B. hit the nail on the head
C. carry weight D. hold water
206. If the overindulged baby doesn’t get what she wants, she throws a ___________,
stamping her feet and screaming her head off.
A. outburst B. tantrum C. steam D. rage
207. I’m afraid we got our ___________.crossed. I thought my husband would be picking
up the children and he thought I was doing it.
A. minds B. purposes C. fingers D. wires
208. Life is so full of both good fortune and misfortunes that you have to learn to take the
rough with the________.
A. smooth B. ready C. calm D. tough
209. Don’t take it as ________ that you’ll be promoted in your job; other colleagues
stand a good chance too
A. fixed B. standard C. read D. word
210. Leilia said she found learning to play the saxophone as easy as __________. She
had a gift for it.
A. sliding off a branch B. falling off a log
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C. diving off a climb D. branching off a bough
211. Of course I’ll come to your birthday party my dear friend– You won’t need to
___________.
A. hold my hand B. pull my leg
C. lend me your ear D. twist my arm
212. With such lack of financial support during the pandemic, they miraculously
managed to run their business ________.
A. at stake B. on a shoestring C. in a nutshell D. under siege
213. Don’t go to the centre of Ha Noi during rush hour. You will surely be ______ like
sardines.
A canned B. packed C. pressed D. pushed
214. Failing to submit the paper to the boss before the meeting was _______ for him.
A. a nail in the coffin B. a real kick in the pants
C. a leap in the dark D. an open and shut case
215. Once the kids have all ________ the nest, we will sell this house and move
somewhere smaller.
A. fled B. kicked C. rushed D. flown
216. Seldom does she refuse to do her friends a good ___________, but on that occasion
she was too busy to pay attention to other people’s problems.
A. assistance B. turn C. aid D. backing
217. Like almost everyone else, Jenny has her ______ of course but on the whole, she's
quite satisfied with life.
A. ups and downs B. ins and outs
C. safe and sound D. odds and ends
218. All the others at the meeting last night were experts and I was out of my _____ in
the conversation.
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A. level B. depth C. limit D. range
219. Well, it should not be ______the wits of man to resolve our fiery argument! Let’s
have a talk over the coffee and settle it!
A. beneath B. under C. above D. beyond
220. Before every important exam like this one, I always feel like there’s a cloud ______.
A. hanging above B. casting towards C. hanging over D. flying over
221. The beefsteak at this luxurious restaurant looked so tender and delicious- but it was
as tough as ______!
A. a belt B. a saddle C. old boots D. rubber
222. Poor her! Her family has just abandoned her in the middle of New York City with
no food or money - she has been left ___________ and dry!
A. cold B. out C. high D. low
223. I heard the news ______ the horse’s mouth, Jack himself told me he was going to
marry Kim in two months!
A. straight from B. right in C. out of D. into
224. Most struggling companies can expect to treble their turnover once the post-
pandemic sales get into full _____.
A. force B. flight C. speed D. swing
225. I think I have well understood the nuts and ______ of the lecture on Artificial
Intelligence- It is not too difficult as many might think.
A. screws B. hammer C. bolts D. nails
226. All universities in the Ivy League set a lot of ______ by the success of their alumni
and students.
A. prize B. honor C. value D. store
227. Since he is too old to continue working as a shipper, the company has decided to put
him out to _______.
A. the door B. grounds C. grass D. the kerb
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228. The entire military troop of the Ming was thrown off ___________ when the news
of Xuong Giang victory was announced in 1927, and they were soon defeated by our
heroes.
A. composure B. disarray C. stable D. balance
229. I was in a _______ as to what to do. If I told the truth, my friends would get into
trouble, but if I said nothing I would be more in trouble.
A. doubt B. quandary C. hitch D. complexity
230. The interviewees are supposed to give their answers to the job offers ______, which
requires them to think very quickly.
A. on the spot B. all in all C. beyond the joke D. within reach
231. Many students have been a night owl _______ up late before the entrance exam,
hitting the sheets anytime between 12 and 3 a.m.
A. finishing B. getting C. staying D. waking
232. Nguyen Ngoc Minh Anh was the most effective speaker at Truong Teen 2019 and
her audience seemed to _____ on her every word.
A. catch B. hold C. hang D. cling
233. The Prime Minister has already _______ new proposals for discussion with top
health experts.
A. made out B. set down C. drawn up D. worked in
234. The infamous Chinese actress Tring Sang would not _______ any further on such a
sensitive matter as her current scandal.
A. hint B. quote C. disclose D. elaborate
235. The plane _______ down 20 minutes later than scheduled because of bad weather
conditions.
A. put B. flew C. landed D. touched
236. We’ll have to _______ with cloth face masks as all medical face masks are out of
stock.
197
A. make B. do up C. make do D. make over
237. The library at our school is _________ students who have irresponsibly lost their
books.
A. cracking down on B. stepping up
C. going down with D. coming up against
238. Many employees in this company are sick and tired of being kicked________by my
boss.
A. off B. up C. around D. in
239. Medical privacy laws _______ of health care providers that they be careful with
protected information.
A. conceive B. devise C. envisage D. require
240. Janny didn’t get a place at university, so she has _______ a job at the local bank.
A. taken up B. tied down C. filled out D. settled for
241. This essay should have delved deeper ________ the solutions to increasing crime
rate in the city.
A. about B. in C. into D. on
242. On the top of this building, you can gain breathtaking views and watch birds
________.
A. of prey B. in predation C. on prey D. on predator
243. He said that he would take care of his children but his words didn’t _______ with
his deeds.
A. combine B. agree C. connect D. accord
244. We are searching for a CEO who can _______ our company in Malaysia.
A. run B. do C. make D. work
245. She has set her ______ on becoming a doctor since she was only a child.
A. head B. lung C. heart D. thought
198
246. I decided to buy this house because I thought it had a/an _______ price.
A. reasonable B. dependable C. respectable D. comfortable
247. His efforts have finally _______ fruition after days of burning the midnight oil.
A. come to B. reached to C. arrived at D. jumped to
248. Building a culture _______ with national identity is one of the main goals in
Vietnam.
A. enhanced B. saturated C. permeated D. imbued
249. The company has made _______ profits thanks to its new financial policy.
A. impressive B. beautiful C. handsome D. attractive
250. The World Wildlife Fund is committed to protecting _______ species like tigers,
rhinos, whales, and marine turtles.
A. dangerous B. endangered C. dangering D. endangering
251.Only those over 70 are _______ for the special payment so I am sorry that I cannot
accept your demand.
A. eligible B. able C. necessary D. specific
252. _______ traffic is a feature of this city. You will always get caught in traffic jams on
big roads here.
A. strong B. heavy C. weighty D. crowded
Crowded dùng để chỉ một nơi đông đúc, nhiều người còn Heavy mới dùng để chỉ nhiều
xe.
253. He is a _______ spender and he can spend all the money in his pocket when
shopping.
A. huge B. high C. fat D. big
254. In order to _______ off the economic recession during the pandemic, the
government in Vietnam has given money to small businesses and ordinary people.
A. shut B. stave C. reduce D. cut
199
255. I’m on a diet but I'm afraid I succumbed _______ temptation and had a burger.
A. to B. for C. with D. in
256. My father is very technologically _______. He can master a new programming

language in just three days.
A. declined B. inclined C. constructed D. mindless
257. Nowadays, students have more choices than those in the past. In addition to
academic pursuits, they can opt for _______ education.
A. training B. optional C. vocational D. theoretical
258. With the help of technology, people can even gain qualifications just through
_______ learning.
A. distant B. distance C. distancing D. equidistant
259. On my birthday, my father gave me a new laptop, which made me feel _______
excited.
A. extremely B. correctly C. perfectly D. suitably
260. We are having a wonderful time here, especially in the morning when we can enjoy
_______ of nature.
A. broken sunshine B. unbroken sunshine
C. unbroken clouds D. unbroken light
261. As she turned to go, Baby Suggs _______ a glimpse of something dark on the
bedsheet.
A. caught B. gained C. got D. had
262. The old town is a conservation area and it has a lot of _______ old buildings dating
back to the city’s foundation in the 1500s.
A. quaint B. acquaint C. new D. ancient
263. He has a thirst for _______. He has gone to unexplored wilderness and many places
around the world.
A. adventure B. eating C. water D. spending
200
264. He said that he would pay my money back this week but I knew it was just an
_______ promise.
A. vacant B. empty C. mouth D. shallow
265. Victoria Park, in east London, has played _______ to several music festivals.
A. crowd B. host C. birth D. mother
266. Mario has now _______ to the point where his English is almost fluent.
A. arrived B. approached C. advanced D. reached
267. She is always _______ the subject of money when in an argument with her husband.
A. taking up B. looking up C. turning up D. bringing up
268. Charles Darwin has _______ a valuable contribution to the theory of evolution of
humankind.
A. done B. created C. caused D. made
269. He was asked to _______ for his presence at the scene of the crime.
A. account B. exchange C. explain D. complain
270. They have the same opinion with _______ to money and marriage.
A. connection B. regard C. relation D. concern
271. It seems that they had had a ________ row, as she had locked him out of the
apartment all night long.
A. warming B. grieving C. blazing D. freezing
272. The recent heavy rains have helped to ease the water ________ that has persisted for
over two months.
A. supply B. poverty C. plenty D. shortage
273.There are all kinds of giveaway which could be used ________ product samples.
A. in lieu of B. in need of C. in advance of D. in point of
274. By the year 2025 vietnam will have succeeded in ________ illiteracy in not only big
cities but also some remote areas.
201
A. eradicating B. eroding C. erupting D. extracting
275. So many different ideas are milling about ________ my head, but I can’t settle down
to work on any of them.
A. in B. on C. of D. at
276. Hanoi is one of the most ________ populated cities that has been faced with severe
unemployment and environmental pollution.
A. closely B. overly C. densely D. thickly
277. What my ex told me was a ________ of lies, which disappointed me so much.
A. pack B. herd C. bundle D. load
278. Normally, a ________ of lions comprises two to 40 lions—including up to to three

or four males, a dozen or so females, and their young.
A. flock B. herd C. pride D. team
279. His designs at the International fashion week are ________ new trends in women’s
fashion.
A. making B. building C. setting D. leading
280. Corruption has grown so widespread and sophisticated that it threatens to undermine
our social ________.
A. fabric B. clothing C. issue D. insight
281. If you want to achieve extraordinary things in your life, you have to ________ the
rules that limit you.
A. crush B. break C. rip D. stop
282. There is no rule to remember these formulas easily, you need to learn them by
________.
A. heart B. mind C. head D. eye
283. Elle or Vogue is a ________ magazine that boasts shiny pictures of famous models.
A. catchy B. glossy C. sturdy D. leafy
202
284. A lot of conspiracy theorists don’t believe in ________ media that has created
divisiveness in our societies.
A. prevalent B. common C. mainstream D. regular
285. The street is filled with teenagers who have ________ astray because of domestic
violence and lack of parental care.
A. gone B. done C. made D. driven
286. One recipe for success is to stay focused and ________ to whatever you do.
A. assign B. attach C. apply D. adhere
287. The scientists are working on a drug capable of ________ the spread of cancerous
cells.
A. arresting B. catching C. seizing D. grasping
288. The number of people on unemployment ________ has dropped over the last two
months.
A. benefits B. advantages C. profits D. charities
289. ________ workers do work related to strength or physical skill rather than office
work.
A. Blue-collar B. White-collar C. Heavy D. Mental
290. The aroma of freshly baked bread in the morning has always ________ memories of
his childhood home.
A. promoted B. evoked C. incited D. encouraged
291. Keith’s _______ income looks impressive, but once tax and social security
contributions are deducted, it’s not so much.
A. full B. grand C. net D. gross
292. If you need help, please don’t hesitate to call me. I can be there _______.
A. in a fix B. in a flash C. in a daze D. in the bag
293. To say it is the best novel written in the last twenty years is going far _______.
203
A. a long way B. over the top
C. through a bad patch D. to great lengths
294. Getting away from the stresses of work would do you a _______ of good.
A. sense B. taste C. virtue D. power
295. Somehow I managed to _____ my physics exam. The pass mark was 5 and I got 6.
A. scrape through B. shake off C. sit through D. slip off
296. Don’t _______ him on to join a gang: nothing could be worse for him!
A. egg B. toast C. butter D. knife
297. I had spent two months worrying about it and I was glad to get it off my _______.
A. shoulders B. head C. chest D. mouth
298. Having lost her home, Lucy got ______ a gang of people who hang around causing
trouble.
A. in with B. up to C. on with D. by on
299. Saving up for a nest ______ is an important part of life and should not be ignored,
no matter how young or how well-off you are.
A. egg B. stone D. seed D. pit
300. Charlotte ______ the new girl immediately, within hours of meeting each other they
were best of friends.
A. took issue with B. took heart from
C. took a shine to D. took his hat off to
204

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A. in agreement with B. relevant to

C. in conflict with D. based on

A. occasional B. harmonious C. neutral D. regular

3. The government has placed tight constraints on spending this year.

A. burdens B. restrictions C. effects D. policies

A. causes B. determinants C. consequences D. considerations

A. equality B. security C. assistance D. well-being

A. sensible B. rational C. reasonable D. preposterous

7. Many computers have a further field in the instruction, to specify subsidiary

A. important B. confidential C. technical D. additional

8. We welcome the government's initiative to help the homeless.

A. plan B. willingness C. enthusiasm D. readiness

A. disregard for B. concern about C. sympathy for D. understanding of

A. far-fetched B. far-flung C. far-reaching D. far-sighted

A. lavish B. efficient C. valueless D. pricey

A. programme B. opportunity C. scholarship D. framework

A. effects B. symptoms C. hints D. demonstrations

A. mysterious B. outstanding C. innate D. superior

A. wasn’t happy B. wasn’t satisfied

C. didn’t show surprise D. didn’t bother

A. record B. shine C. categorize D. diversify

A. inhibit B. control C. recommend D. forbid

18. The project was denounced as a scandalous waste of public money.

A. installed B. declared C. criticized D. advised

A. average B. lazy C. moronic D. diligent

A. politeness B. rudeness C. encouragement D. measurement

A. being separated from peers B. forming a new business company

C. being together with friends D. enjoying the care of parents

A. went secretly B. earned their way

C. ran fast D. entered several times

A. unlocked B. well marked C. well lit D. slightly open

A. benevolent B. brief C. immense D. lasting

A. goodness B. wickedness C. indecency D. barbarism

A. clean and tidy B. high and large

C. cheap and convenient D. bright and clear

27. He left home at the drop of a hat without saying a word.

A. thoroughly B. visually C. securely D. immediately

A. waiting B. disappointing C. defending D. pretending

A. start to research B. hang the equipment of

C. give up quickly D. learn how to do

30. I am not sure whether those mushrooms are edible.

A. unable to be picked up B. suitable to be eaten

C. able to be researched D. likely to cause harm

A. provided B. replaced C. considered D. distributed

A. vulnerable B. incredible C. inaccessible D. inevitable

33. My niece is the apple of my eye: I always want to be her side.

A. the person I love the most B. the person I fear a lot

C. the person I don’t take care of D. the person I don’t visit

A. make the last decision B. make important changes

C. be the first to act D. sacrifice for others

A. incomparable B. compatible C. comprehensive D. inconclusive

A. retell B. precede C. understand D. conserve

A. movement B. combination C. elimination D. development

A. support B. disapprove C. increase D. reverse

39. A team will be penalized if its players commit fouls.

A. awarded B. punished C. defeated D. destroyed

40. Shops always prefer wholesale products as they are cheaper.

A. selling step by step B. selling only to some people