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    Notes Quanti Vs Quali Scribbr

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    Pau Ducusin
    Quantitative research uses statistical analysis to test hypotheses and analyze numeric data from large samples, focusing on objectivity and measurement. Qualitative research explores ideas through open-ended questions with small samples to understand subjective experiences. Both approaches have different data collection methods, with surveys, experiments, and observations often used quantitatively and interviews, focus groups, and ethnography used qualitatively. Researchers choose methods based on their research questions and whether an inductive or deductive approach is needed.

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    Notes Quanti Vs Quali Scribbr

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    Pau Ducusin
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    Quantitative research uses statistical analysis to test hypotheses and analyze numeric data from large samples, focusing on objectivity and measurement. Qualitative research explores ideas through open-ended questions with small samples to understand subjective experiences. Both approaches have different data collection methods, with surveys, experiments, and observations often used quantitatively and interviews, focus groups, and ethnography used qualitatively. Researchers choose methods based on their research questions and whether an inductive or deductive approach is needed.

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    Quantitative research uses statistical analysis to test hypotheses and analyze numeric data from large samples, focusing on objectivity and measurement. Qualitative research explores ideas through open-ended questions with small samples to understand subjective experiences. Both approaches have different data collection methods, with surveys, experiments, and observations often used quantitatively and interviews, focus groups, and ethnography used qualitatively. Researchers choose methods based on their research questions and whether an inductive or deductive approach is needed.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    67 views3 pages

    Notes Quanti Vs Quali Scribbr

    Uploaded by

    Pau Ducusin
    Quantitative research uses statistical analysis to test hypotheses and analyze numeric data from large samples, focusing on objectivity and measurement. Qualitative research explores ideas through open-ended questions with small samples to understand subjective experiences. Both approaches have different data collection methods, with surveys, experiments, and observations often used quantitatively and interviews, focus groups, and ethnography used qualitatively. Researchers choose methods based on their research questions and whether an inductive or deductive approach is needed.

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    of 3

    The differences between quantitative and qualitative

    research (adopted from: https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/qualitative-


    quantitative-research/)

    Quantitative and qualitative research use different research methods to collect and


    analyze data, and they allow you to answer different kinds of research questions.

    Qualitative vs. quantitative research

    Quantitative research Qualitative Research

    Focuses on testing theories and hypotheses Focuses on exploring ideas and formulating a theory or
    hypothesis

    Analyzed through math and statistical analysis Analyzed by summarizing, categorizing and interpreting

    Mainly expressed in numbers, graphs and tables Mainly expressed in words

    Requires many respondents Requires few respondents

    Closed (multiple choice) questions Open-ended questions

    Key terms: testing, measurement, objectivity, Key terms: understanding, context, complexity,
    replicability subjectivity

    Data collection methods


    Quantitative and qualitative data can be collected using various methods. It is important
    to use a data collection method that will help answer your research question(s).

    Many data collection methods can be either qualitative or quantitative. For example, in
    surveys, observations or case studies, your data can be represented as numbers (e.g.
    using rating scales or counting frequencies) or as words (e.g. with open-ended
    questions or descriptions of what you observe).

    However, some methods are more commonly used in one type or the other.
    Quantitative data collection methods

     Surveys: List of closed or multiple choice questions that is distributed to


    a sample (online, in person, or over the phone).
     Experiments: Situation in which variables are controlled and manipulated to
    establish cause-and-effect relationships.
     Observations: Observing subjects in a natural environment where variables
    can’t be controlled.

    Qualitative data collection methods

     Interviews: Asking open-ended questions verbally to respondents.


     Focus groups: Discussion among a group of people about a topic to gather
    opinions that can be used for further research.
     Ethnography: Participating in a community or organization for an extended
    period of time to closely observe culture and behavior.
     Literature review: Survey of published works by other authors.

    When to use qualitative vs. quantitative research


    A rule of thumb for deciding whether to use qualitative or quantitative data is:

     Use quantitative research if you want to confirm or test something (a theory or


    hypothesis)
     Use qualitative research if you want to understand something (concepts,
    thoughts, experiences)

    For most research topics you can choose a qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods


    approach. Which type you choose depends on, among other things, whether you’re
    taking an inductive vs. deductive research approach; your research question(s);
    whether you’re doing experimental, correlational, or descriptive research; and practical
    considerations such as time, money, availability of data, and access to respondents.

    Quantitative research approach


    You survey 300 students at your university and ask them questions such as: “on a scale
    from 1-5, how satisfied are your with your professors?”

    You can perform statistical analysis on the data and draw conclusions such as: “on
    average students rated their professors 4.4”.

    Qualitative research approach


    You conduct in-depth interviews with 15 students and ask them open-ended questions
    such as: “How satisfied are you with your studies?”, “What is the most positive aspect of
    your study program?” and “What can be done to improve the study program?”

    Based on the answers you get you can ask follow-up questions to clarify things. You
    transcribe all interviews using transcription software and try to find commonalities and
    patterns.

    Mixed methods approach


    You conduct interviews to find out how satisfied students are with their studies. Through
    open-ended questions you learn things you never thought about before and gain new
    insights. Later, you use a survey to test these insights on a larger scale.

    It’s also possible to start with a survey to find out the overall trends, followed by
    interviews to better understand the reasons behind the trends.

    How to analyze qualitative and quantitative data


    Qualitative or quantitative data by itself can’t prove or demonstrate anything, but has to
    be analyzed to show its meaning in relation to the research questions. The method of
    analysis differs for each type of data.

    Analyzing quantitative data


    Quantitative data is based on numbers. Simple math or more advanced statistical
    analysis is used to discover commonalities or patterns in the data. The results are often
    reported in graphs and tables.

    Applications such as Excel, SPSS, or R can be used to calculate things like:

     Average scores
     The number of times a particular answer was given
     The correlation or causation between two or more variables
     The reliability and validity of the results

    Analyzing qualitative data


    Qualitative data is more difficult to analyze than quantitative data. It consists of text,
    images or videos instead of numbers.

    Some common approaches to analyzing qualitative data include:

     Qualitative content analysis: Tracking the occurrence, position and meaning of


    words or phrases
     Thematic analysis: Closely examining the data to identify the main themes and
    patterns
     Discourse analysis: Studying how communication works in social contexts

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