9 BLOOD-RELATIONS

What should we know before the start?

•
•
•
•

What we are going to study in this chapter?

*
*
*
*

Learning outcomes of the chapter

After absorbing this chapter, you would be able to
*
*
*

TERMINOLOGIES
Natural Numbers, Whole numbers, Predecessor, Successor, Face value, Place value, Indian system, International
system, Estimation, Roman numerals

Introduction

A. BLOOD RELATIONS

Problems on Blood Relations involve analysis of information showing blood relationship among members of a
family. In the questions, a chain of relationship is given in the form of information and on the basis of these
information relation between any two members of the chain is asked. Students are supposed to be familiar with
the knowledge of different relationship in a family.
H1 – 226 R, Indraprastha Industrial Area (IPIA), Road No. 5, Kota (Raj.) 1
 Grandfather’s son Father or uncle
Grandmother’s son Father or uncle
Grandfather’s only son Father
Grandmother’s only son Father
Mother’s or father mother Grandmother
Mother or father’s father Grandfather
Grandfather’s only daughter-in-law Mother
Grandmother’s only daughter-in-law Mother
Mother’s or Father’s son Brother
Mother’s or Father’s daughter Sister
Mother’s or Father’s brother Uncle
Mother’s or Father’s sister Aunt
Husband’s or wife’s sister Sister-in-law
Husband’s or wife’s brother Brother-in-law
Son’s wife Daughter-in-law
Daughter husband Son-in-law
Brother son Sister’s son Nephew
Brother daughter or Sister’s daughter Niece
Uncle or Aunt’s son or daughter Cousin
Sister’s husband Brother-in-law
Brother’s wife Sister-in-law

Remark : A relation on the mother’s side is called ‘maternal’ while that on the father’s side is called ‘paternal’.
Thus mother’s brother is ‘maternal uncle’ while father’s brother’s is ‘paternal uncle’.
Note : To build a family tree, certain standard notations are used to indicate a relationship between the
members of the family.
‘+’ stand for male person.
‘–’ stand for female person.
‘+/–’ male or female person.
‘’ stand for married couple.

Relations of Paternal side Relations of maternal side

Father’s Father – Grand father Mother’s Father – maternal Grand father
Father’s Mother – Grandmother Mother’s Mother – maternal Grand Mother
Father’s Brother – Uncle Mother’s Brother maternal Uncle
Father’s Sister – Aunt Children of maternal Uncle - Cousin
Children of Uncle – Cousin Wife of materal Uncle – materal Aunt
Wife of Uncle – Aunt
Children of Aunt – Cousin
Husband of Aunt – Uncle
Relations from one generation to next
I. Grand Father, Grand Mother, Maternal Grand Father, Maternal Grand Mother
II. Mother, Father, Uncle, Aunt, Maternal Uncle, Maternal Aunt
III. Self , Sister, Sister-in-Law, Brother, Brother-in-Law, Wife/Husband
IV Son, Daughter, Nephew, Niece

H1 – 226 R, Indraprastha Industrial Area (IPIA), Road No. 5, Kota (Raj.) 2

B. DIRECT-RELATIONSHIP

In these type of questions, around about description is given in the form of certain small relationship
and you required to analyses the whole chain of relations and decipher the direct relationship between
the persons concerned.

Solved Examples

Example. 1 Pointing towards a man in the photograph, Archana said, “He is the son of the only son of my
grandmother”. How is that man related to Archana ?
(A) Cousin (B) Nephew (C) Brother (D) Son
Solution : (C) Only son of Archana’s grandfather means Archana’s father & his son is Archana’s brother.

Example. 2 Pointing to a photograph, a lady tells Amit, "I am the only daughter of this lady and her son is
your material uncle." How is the speaker related to Amit's father ?
(A) Sister-in-law (B) Wife
(C) Either (A) or (B) (D) Neither (A) nor (B)
Solution : (B) The lady who is talking to Amit is the daughter of the lady in the photograph. The son of
that lady who is the brother of the lady who is talking to Amit. The brother of this lady is the
maternal uncle of Amit. The lady is the mother of Amit & wife of Amit’s Father.

EXERCISE # 1

1. Arun said, "this girl is the wife of the grandson of my mother." Who is arun to the girl?
(A) Father (B) Grandfather (C) Husband (D) Father-in-law

2. Introducing a girl, Vipin said, "Her mother is the only daughter of my mother-in-law. "How is Vipin
related to the girl ?
(A) Uncle (B) Father (C) Brother (D) Husband

3. Introducing a man, a woman says. "His wife is the only daughter of my father". How is the man related
to the woman?
(A) Brother (B) Father-in-law (C) Maternal uncle (D) Husband

4. Pointing to a man, Amit said, "His son is my son's uncle”. How is that man related to Amit?
(A) Brother (B) Uncle (C) Father (D) Grandfather

5. Pointing to a man Asha said, “His brother’s father is the only son of my grand father”. How Asha is
related to the man.
(A) Mother (B) Aunt (C) Sister (D) Daughter

6. If P is the brother of the son of Q’s Son, how is P related to Q ?

(A) Son (B) Brother (C) Cousin (D) Grandson

7. Pointing towards a man. Radhika said. "His sister is my daughter's brother's mother." How is the man
related to Radhika?
(A) Brother (B) Father (C) Uncle (D) Grandfather

8. A man, pointing to a photograph. says. The lady in the photograph is my nephew's maternal
grandmother." How is the lady in the photograph related to the man's sister who has no other sister?
(A) Sister-in-law (B) Mother-in-law (C) Mother (D) Data inadequate

H1 – 226 R, Indraprastha Industrial Area (IPIA), Road No. 5, Kota (Raj.) 3

9. Pointing towards a person in a photograph, Aashka said, "He is the only son of the father of my sister's
brother." How is that person related to Aashka?
(A) Father (B) Cousin (C) Maternal Uncle (D) Brother

10. Rahul told Anand. "Yesterday I defeated the only brother of the daughter of my grandmother." Whom
did Rahul defeat?
(A) Son (B) Father (C) Brother (D) Father-in-law

11. Pointing to a photograph, a man says to his friend, “She is the grand-daughter of the elder brother of my
father”. How is the girl in the photograph related to the man ?
(A) Niece (B) Sister (C) Aunt (D) Sister-in-law

12. Pointing to a girl in the photograph, Amar said, “Her mother’s brother is the only son of my mother’s
father.”How is the girl’s mother related to Amar ?
(A) Mother (B) Sister (C) Sister-in-law (D) Grandmother

13. T is the son of P.S is the son of Q. T is married to R.R is Q’s daughter. How is S related to T?
(A) Brother (B) Uncle (C) Father-in-law (D) Brother-in-law
62
14. Pointing to a man in a photograph, a woman says. "He is the only son of the only daughter-in-law of my
only son's father." How is the man related to the woman?
(A) Son (B) Father (C) Son-in-law (D) Grandson

15. Deepanshu said to Naman, "That boy playing football is the younger of the two brothers of the daughter
of my father's wife." How is the boy playing football related to Deepanshu?
(A) Son (B) Brother (C) Cousin (D) Nephew

EXERCISE # 2

1. Sita introducing a man to her husband Ram, told "Grand father of his son is only a son of my
Grandfather" how Sita is related to that man. (NTSE Stage-I / Raj./2007)
(A) Daughter-in-Iaw (B) Sister (C) Daughter (D) Mother-in-Iaw

2. Introducing Radha, Kalpana said "her mother is alone daughter of my mother". How Kalpana is related
to Radha ? (NTSE Stage-I / Raj./2007)
(A) Mother (B) Sister (C) Niece (D) Daughter

3. Sailesh introduces Mahipal as the son of the only brothel of his father's wife How is Mahipal related to
Sailesh ? (NTSE Stage-I / Raj./2017)
(A) Cousin (B) Son (C) Maternal uncle (D) Son-In-law

4. Sachin is the brother of the son of Ajit's son. Then what is the relationship of Sachin to Ajit ?
(NTSE Stage-I / Raj./2012)
(A) Brother (B) Cousin (C) Nephew (D) Grandson

H1 – 226 R, Indraprastha Industrial Area (IPIA), Road No. 5, Kota (Raj.) 4

Answer Key

EXERCISE # 1

Ques. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. D B D C C D A C D B A A D D B

EXERCISE # 2

Ques. 1 2 3 4
Ans. B A A D

H1 – 226 R, Indraprastha Industrial Area (IPIA), Road No. 5, Kota (Raj.) 5