October 7th, 2018

SO, SUCH, TOO, ENOUGH.

I. ENOUGH (đủ)
1) adj/adv + enough (for sb) to inf
2) enough + N (for sb ) to inf

Lưu ý: tính từ ,trạng từ thì đứng trước enough còn danh từ thì đứng sau enough
Ex:
He is strong enough to lift the box. (anh ta đủ khỏe để nhấc cái hộp)
He doesn't drive carefully enough to pass the driving test
I don't have enough money to buy a car. (tôi không có đủ tiền để mua xe hơi)

3 NGUYÊN TẮC CẦN NHỚ KHI NỐI CÂU DÙNG ENOUGH

 Nếu trước Adj, Adv có: too, so, very, quite ,extremely...
 bỏ
trước N có: many, much, a lot of, lots of

He is very intelligent. He can do it.

->He is very intelligent enough to do it (sai)
->He is intelligent enough to do it.(đúng)

He has a lot of money. He can buy a car.

->He has enough a lot of money to buy a car.(sai)
->He has enough money to buy a car.(đúng)

 Nếu chủ từ hai câu giống nhau thì bỏ for sb

Tom is strong. He can lift the box.

->Tom is strong enough for him to lift the box.(sai)
->Tom is strong enough to lift the box.(đúng)

The weather is fine. Mary and her little brother can go to school.
->The weather is fine enough to go to school.(sai)
->The weather is fine enough for Mary and her little brother to go to school.(đúng)

 Nếu chủ từ câu đầu và túc từ câu sau là một thì phải bỏ túc từ câu sau

The water is quite warm. I can drink it.

->The water is warm enough for me to drink it.(sai)
->The water is warm enough for me to drink .(đúng)

II. TOO … TO ( quá … đến nỗi không)

S + V + too Adj / Adv + (for sb) to V

3 NGUYÊN TẮC CẦN NHỚ KHI NỐI CÂU DÙNG TOO...TO

Cũng giống như enough, too...to có các nguyên tắc sau
1) Nếu trước tính từ ,trạng từ có :too ,so ,very , quite ,extremely... thì phải bỏ.
2) Nếu chủ từ hai câu giống nhau thì bỏ phần for sb
3) Nếu chủ từ câu đầu và túc từ câu sau là một thì phải bỏ túc từ câu sau
ex:

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He is so weak. He can't run.  He is too weak to run.

The coffee was very hot. I could drink it.  The coffee was too hot for me to drink.

III. SO ...THAT (quá ....đến nỗi )

SO + ADJ/ADV + THAT + S + V

- Cách nối câu dùng so...that

+ Trước adj/adv nếu có too, so, very,quite...thì bỏ
+ Nếu có a lot of, lots of  much, many
+ Sau THAT viết lại toàn bộ mệnh đề
ex:
He is very strong .He can lift the box.  He is so strong that he can lift the box.
He ate a lot of food. He became ill.  He ate so much food that he became ill.
He bought lots of books. He didn't know where to put them.
 He bought so many books that he didn't know where to put them.

IV. SUCH...THAT (quá... đến nỗi… )

SUCH( a/an) + adj + N + THAT + clause
-Cách nối câu dùng such….that
+ Trước adj/adv nếu có too, so, very, quite...thì bỏ
+ Nếu danh từ là số nhiều hoặc không đếm được thì không dùng (a/an)
+ Nếu sau adj không có danh từ thì lấy danh từ ở đầu câu vào rồi thế đại từ vào chủ từ .
ex:
He is a very lazy boy. No one likes him.
 He is such a lazy boy that no one likes him.
The coffee is too hot. I can't drink it.
 It is such hot coffee that I can't drink it.
Her voice is very soft. Everyone likes her.
 She has such a soft voice that everyone likes her.
+ Nếu trước danh từ có much, many thì phải đổi thành a lot of.
ex:
He bought many books. He didn't know where to put them.
 He bought such a lot of books that he didn't know where to put them

DẠNG ĐỀ THƯỜNG GẶP VỀ TOO...TO , SO..THAT, SUCH..THAT , ENOUGH

1) SO ..THAT  SUCH ....THAT :

Cách làm :
 Thêm such (a/an), đem Adj và N xuống, từ THAT trở đi viết lại hết
ĐẠI TỪ + BE + SUCH ( A,AN ) ADJ + N + THAT + S + V

The book is so interesting that I have read it many times.

=> It is such an interesting book that I have read it many times.
Note: Nếu danh từ là số nhiều hoặc không đếm được thì không có a, an

2) SO ..THAT  TOO...TO :
Cách làm :
 Thêm Adj , bỏ can't / couldn't, lấy từ động từ trở đi
 Nếu chủ từ 2 câu khác nhau thì thêm phần for sb
 Nếu túc từ câu sau giống chủ từ câu đầu thì bỏ túc từ đó đi

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S + BE + TOO + adj +( FOR SB ) TO INF ...

The water is so hot that I can't drink it.  The water is too hot for me to drink.
- Nếu đổi nguợc lại từ TOO...TO sang SO ..THAT thì thường sai nhất là việc quên thêm túc từ vào và
chia sai thì
3) TOO...TO + V  ENOUGH… TO:
Cách làm :
- Dùng tính từ phản nghĩa + enough
- Viết lại hết phần sau

He is too weak to run fast.  He isn't strong enough to run fast.

EXERCICES ON SO, SUCH, TOO, ENOUGH

Put in the blanks with SO or SUCH:

1) Come on! Don’t walk ………..slowly.
2) I’ve never read ………..an interesting book.
3) Everything is …….expensive these days, isn’t it?
4) It was……….a boring film that I fell asleep at once.
5) The wind was ……….strong. It was difficult to sleep.
6) I like Tom and Ann. They are ……….nice.
7) I’m afraid I can’t remember. It was…….. a long time ago.
8) After living there for ………long, he must know the town very well.
9) Why are you in ……..a hyrry?
10) We have………much to do.

Fill in the blanks with SO MANY/SO MUCH

1) We have ………………problems that we can’t go to bed early.
2) Why have you got……………….furniture?
3) There was……………….food that everyone ate too much.
4) There were………………guests that there weren’t enough food.
5) Why did you buy …………….beer?
6) Doctor Smith has ……………….patients that he ‘s always busy.
7) I ate …………sandwiches that I felt ill.
8) My father has ……………….things to do that he can’t come back home tonight.
9) Thay drank……………..wine that they couldn’t walk.
10) The bank of this river has got ……………..weeds that we can’t swim.

Rewrite these sentences using the cues provided with SO/SUCH & TOO/ENOUGH
1) We went to bed early because we were very tired.
 We were so……………………..………………………………
2) The lesson is very difficlut. We can’t understand it.
 It is such………………………………………………………..
3) The car is so old that he doesn’t want to drive it.
 It is such…………………………..………………………………
4) The weather was very cold. We couldn’t go out.
 The weather was too……………...………………………………
5) The film was so interesting that we couldn’t miss it.
 It was such………………..………………………………
6) David has too many girlfriends . He can’t remember all of their names.
 David has so………………...………………………………

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7) Tome drive too fast, so he often causes accidents.

 Tom drives so…………………….………………………………
8) This is good tea. I think I’ll have another cup.
 This is such………………………….....…………………………
9) John was very angry. He couldn’t say anything.
 John was too……………………………..………………………
10) These exercises are so long that I can’t finish them in an hour.
 They are……………….……………………………………….………
11. She is old. She can work by herself. (Enough)
 She is……………………………………………………………………
12. The boy is intelligent. He can understand you. (Enough)
 The boy is……………………………………………………………
13. Mai is good. She can pass the examination. (Enough)
 Mai is………………………………………………………………………
14. The story is short. We can read it in one hour. (Enough)
 The story is………………………………………………………………
15. The film was very good. We saw it through. (Enough)
 The film was………………………………………………………………
16. The play was very amusing. They enjoyed it. (Enough)
 The play was……………………………………………………………
17) The children were very late.They couldn’t see the display of fireworks. (Too)
 It was…..………………………………………………………………
18)Your brother is very young.He can’t go swimming. (Too)
 He is…..………..……..…………………………………………………
19) The sound is very low.We can’t hear it. (Too)
 The sound was…………………………..………………………………
20) This book is very difficult.I can’t read it. (Too)
 This book is………………..………………………………

Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa:

1) The room is so tidy that it took us one hour to clean it.
=> It is ....…..………..……..…………………………………………………
2) The man is so fool that no one took any notice of him.
=> He is ....…..………..……..…………………………………………………
3) The film is so long that they can't broadcast it on one night.
=> It is .......……………………………………………………………
4) The books are so interesting that we have read them many times.
=> They are.......……………………………………………………………
5) The news was so bad that she burst into tears on hearing it.
=> It was......……………………………………………………………
6) The food was so hot that it turned my tongue.
=> It was.......……………………………………………………………
7) There is so much rain that we can't go out.
=> There is such.... ..……………………………………………………………
8) The boy is so fat that every calls him Stuffy.
=> He is ......……………………………………………………………
9) The milk is so excellent that all the children want some more.
=> It is ......……………………………………………………………
10) The weather was so warm that they had a walk in the garden.
=> It was.....……………………………………………………………
11) There were so many people in the hall that we couldn't see him.

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=> There were such..……………………………………………………………...

12) The match was so exciting that all the fans shouted loudly.
=> It was..……………………………………………………………...
13) They drank so much coffee that they couldn't sleep all night.
=> They drunk such..…………………………………………………………….....
14) Alice had so many exercises to do that she couldn't go out.
=> Alice had such..…………………………………………………………….....
15) The woman was so poor that she needed everyone's help.
=> She was ..…………………………………………………………….....

Viết lại câu dùng TOO.....TO...

1) The weather is so bad that we can’t go out.
=> The weather is too..…………………………………………………………………..
2) The film was so boring that we couldn’t go on seeing it.
=> The film was too..………………………………………………………………..
3) He was so old that he couldn’t run fast.
=> He was too..………………………………………………………………..
4) He spoke so fast that we couldn’t understand him.
=> He spoke too..………………………………………………………………..
5) The fair was so noisy that we couldn’t hear each other.
=> The fair was too..……………………………………………………………….
6) You speak so fast that I can’t catch up with your words.
=> You speak too..…………………………………………………………………
7) It is so early that we can’t go out.
=> It is too..………………………………………………………………..
8) The water is so hot that I can’t drink it.
=> The water is too..…………………………………………………………………
9) The restaurant is so expensive that we can’t eat in that restaurant.
=> The restaurant is too..……………………………………………………………………
10) He studied so badly that he couldn’t pass the exam.
=> He studied too..………………………………………………………………….

Viết lại câu dùng too/enough with infinitive.

1 You are very young. You can't have a front-door key.
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2 It is very cold. We can't bathe.
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3 Would you be very kind and answer this letter by return?
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4 I am rather old. I can't wear that kind of hat.
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5 The ladder wasn't very long. It didn't reach the window.
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6 He hadn't much money. He couldn't live on it.
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7 He was furious. He couldn't speak.
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8 The fire isn't very hot. It won't boil a kettle.
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9 Tom was very foolish. He told lies to the police.

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10 You are quite thin. You could slip between the bars.
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11 He is very ill. He can't eat anything.
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12 Our new car is very wide. It won't get through those gates.
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13 The floor wasn't strong. We couldn't dance on it.
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14 I was terrified. I couldn't move.
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15 The bull isn't big. He couldn't harm you.
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16 The coffee isn't strong. It won't keep us awake.
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17 The river is deep. We can't wade it.
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18 He is lazy. He won't get up early.
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19 He won't get up early so he never catches the fast train.
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20 Would you be very good and forward my letters while I am away?
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21 The ice is quite thick. We can walk on it.
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22 He was very drunk. He couldn't answer my question.
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23 It is very cold. We can't have breakfast in the garden.
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24 He was extremely rash. He set off up the mountain in a thick fog.
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25 We aren't very high. We can't see the summit
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26 You aren't very old. You can't understand these things.
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27 He was very snobbish. He wouldn't talk to any of us
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28 The package is very thick. I can't push it through the letterbox.
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29 She was very mean. She never gave to charity.
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30 He is very impatient. He never listens to anyone
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31 I was very tired. I couldn't walk any further.
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32 It's not very dark. We can't see the stars clearly
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33 It was very hot. You could fry an egg on the pavement
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34 The oranges were very bitter. We couldn't eat them.

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35 Would you be very kind and turn down the radio a little?
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36 He is very selfish. He wouldn't put himself out for anyone.
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37. It is very cold. We can't go out.
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38. He is strong. He can carry it.
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