Student: Bui Phuoc Loc

Class: Foundation F1351

IELTS Foundation – Final Test

LISTENING
PART 1 Question 1-10
Complete the form below
Write ONE WORD AND/ OR A NUMBER for each answer

Customer Satisfaction Survey

Customer details

Name: Sophie Bird

Occupation: 1 ______JOURNALIST_______

Reasons for travel today: 2 ______SHOPPING____

Journey information

Name of station returning to: 3 ______STAUNFIRTH_______

Type of ticket purchased: Standard 4 _____RETURN_____ ticket

Cost of ticket: 5 £ __23,70___

When ticket was purchased: Yesterday

Where ticket was bought: 6 ____ONLINE____

Satisfaction with journey

Most satisfied with: The wifi

Least satisfied with: The 7 ____DELAY____ this morning

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Satisfaction with station facilities

Most satisfied with: How much 8 __INFORMATION_ was provided

Least satisfied with: Lack of seats, particularly on the 9 ___PLATFORM___

Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied with: The 10 ___PARKING___ available

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PART 2 Question 11-20
Question 11-12

Which TWO opportunities does the Young Explorer Programme offer to participants?

Choose TWO letters, A-E

A Improving negotiation skills

B Developing supportive relationships

C Acquiring a new physical skill

D Learning about environmental issues

E Competing for an award

Question 13-14

Which TWO subjects must groups study in their preliminary training?

Choose TWO letters, A-E

A Finding sources of water

B Operating cooking equipment

C Knowing how to follow a route

D Searching for safe things to eat

E Using wood to build shelters

Question 15-20

What does the speaker say about each of the following tracks?

Write the correct letter A, B, C or D next to Questions 15-20

Tracks

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15 Northface ___C_____

16 Blue River ___B_____

17 Pioneer ___D______

18 Edgewater ___A_______

19 Murray ___A______

20 Lakeside ___A_______

A It is likely to be busy

B It may be unsafe in places

C It is currently closed to the public

D It is divided into two sections

PART 3 Question 21-30

Question 21-26

Write the correct letter A, B or C, next to Questions 21-26

The Future of Work

21 Kiara and Finn agree that the articles they read on the future of work

A mainly reflect the concerns of older employees

B refer to the end of a traditional career path

C tend to exaggerate the likely changes

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22 What point does Kiara make about the phrase “job tile”?

A It is no longer relevant in modern times

B It shows colleagues how to interact with each other

C It will only apply to people higher up in an organization

23 What issue affecting young employees in Finn most concerned about?

A lack of job security

B income inequality

C poor chances of promotion

24 What is Kiara’s attitude towards the Richards-Greeves survey on work-life balance?

A She thinks that the findings are predictable

B She is curious about the kind of work the interviewees do

C She believes it would be useful to know what the questions were

25 Finn and Kiara agree that if employees are obliged to learn new skills,

A they should learn ones which might be useful in another job

B they should not be forced to learn them in their own time

C they should receive better guidance from training departments

26 When Finn talks about the impact of mobile technology, Kiara responds by

A emphasizing the possible disadvantages

B describing her personal experience

C mentioning groups who benefit most from devices

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Question 27-30

What impact might Artificial Intelligence (AI) have on each of the following professions?

Choose FOUR answers from the box and write the correct letter, A-F, next to Questions 27-30

Impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

A it will give them a greater sense of satisfaction

B It will encourage them to compete with one another

C It will reduce the level of stress they have

D It may eventually lead to their jobs disappearing

E It could prevent them from coming to harm

F It will enable them to do tasks they have not trained for

27 Architects __E__

28 Doctors __F__

29 Lawyers __A___

30 Sports referees __C___

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PART 4 Question 31-40
Complete the notes below

Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer

How the Industrial Revolution affected life in Britain

19th century

● For the first time, people’s possessions were used to measure Britain’s 31
_______WEALTH__________.

● Developments in production of goods and in 32 __TECHNOLOGY_ greatly changed lives.

MAIN AREAS OF CHANGE

Manufacturing

● The industrial Revolution would not have happened without the new types of 33
____POWER___ that were used then.

● The leading industry was 34 ____TEXTILES_______ (its products became widely available).

● New 35 _____MACHINES_________ made factories necessary and so more people move

into towns.

Transport

● The railways took the place of canals

● Because of the new transport:

- Greater access to 36 _____NEWSPAPERS________ made people more aware of what

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 they could buy in shops.

- When shopping, people were not limited to buying 37 ______LOCAL_______ goods.

Retailing

● The first department stores were opened

● The displays of goods were more visible:

- Inside stores because of better 38 __LIGHTNING_________

- Outside stores, because 39 ___WINDOWS________ were bigger

● 40 ____ADVERTISING____________ that was persuasive became much more common

READING
READING PASSAGE 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1
below.

Hello Happiness!

Ask 100 people what would make them happy, and a sizable majority would say “winning the
lottery.” Yet, if they won a vast fortune, within a year they would be back to their previous level
of happiness. The fact is that money has many uses, but more money does not mean more
happiness. Surveys carried out in recent years by leading psychologists and sociologists all
confirm that while individuals may increase their material wealth during the course of their
lifetime, this has no bearing on their well-being. And what is true for individuals can be applied
on a larger scale to the world population. Statistically, wealthier nations do not achieve higher

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scores on the happiness-ometer than developing or underdeveloped nations. Once the basic
criteria of adequate shelter and nutrition are satisfied, increased wealth plays no significant
role. So why the obsession with getting rich? The answer, say researchers, is simple. Call it
jealousy, competitiveness, or just keeping up with the Joneses, however well we are doing,
there is always someone else who is doing better. Just as we acquire a new $25,000 car, our
neighbour parks his brand spanking new $40,000 set of wheels in his drive, causing us much
consternation, but fueling us with new aspirations in the process. And so the cycle continues.
Money, or material wealth, may be a prime mover, but it is not the foundation of our well-
being.

If money isn’t the key to happiness, then what is? In all 44 countries surveyed by a prominent
research centre, family life provided the greatest source of satisfaction. Married people live on
average three years longer and enjoy greater physical and psychological health than the
unmarried and, surprisingly, couples in a cohabitational relationship. Having a family enhances
well-being, and spending more time with one’s family helps even more. Social interaction
among families, neighbourhoods, workplaces, communities and religious groups correlates
strongly with subjective well-being. In fact, the degree of individuals’ social connections is the
best benchmark of their happiness.

Friendship is another major factor. Indeed, to return to the dollar-equals-happiness equation, in

one survey, having a friend converted into $50,000 worth of happiness, and confirms the well-
known phenomenon that loneliness can lead to depression. Work is another area central to
well-being, and certain features correlate highly with happiness. These include autonomy over
how, where, and at what pace work is done, trust between employer and employee, fair
treatment, and active participation in the making of decisions. Occupationally, happiness tends
to be more common among professionals and managers, that is, people who are in control of
the work they do, rather than subservient to their bosses, inequality implies less control for
those who are in the weaker position, although there are more risks of losing their privileges for
those in the stronger position.

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Control of one’s life in general is also key. Happiness is clearly correlated with the presence of
favourable events such as promotion or marriage, and the absence of troubles or bad luck such
as accidents, being laid off or conflicts. These events on their own signal the success or failure
to reach one’s goals, and therefore the control one has. On a national level, the more that
governments recognise individual preferences, the happier their citizens will be. Choice, and
citizens’ belief that they can affect the political process, increase subjective well-being.
Furthermore, evidence exists for an association between unhappiness and poor health: people
from underdeveloped countries are among the unhappiest in the world, and their life
expectancy has been falling steadily. People are more satisfied in societies which minimally
restrict their freedom of action, in other words, where they are in control rather than being
controlled. Happy people are characterised by the belief that they are able to control their
situation, whereas unhappy people tend to believe that they are a victim of fate. Happy people
are also more psychologically resilient, assertive and open to experience.

But how good is the evidence for this alternative viewpoint then - that happiness, and not
financial status, contributes to good health, and long life? A study of nuns, spanning seven
decades, supports this theory. Autobiographies written by the nuns in their early 1920s were
scored for positive and negative emotions. Nuns expressing the most positive emotions lived on
average ten years longer than those expressing the least positive emotions. Happy people, it
seems, are much less likely to fall ill and die than unhappy people.

But what must we do to be happy? Experts cite the old maxim “be happy with what you’ve
got.” Look around you, they say, and identify the positive factors in your life. Concentrating on
the negative aspects of one’s life is a no-no, and so is worrying. Worrying is a negative thinking
habit that is nearly always about something that lies in the future. It stems, apparently, from
our cave dwelling days, when we had to think on a day-to-day basis about how and where to
find food and warmth, for example. But in the modern world, worrying simply undermines our
ability to enjoy life in the present. More often than not, the things we worry about never come
to pass anyway. Just as important is not to dwell on the past - past mistakes, bad experiences,
missed opportunities and so on.

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What else can we do? Well, engage in a loving relationship with another adult, and work hard
to sustain it. Try to plan frequent interactions with your family, friends and neighbours (in that
order). Make sure you’re not working so hard that you’ve no time left for personal relationships
and leisure. If you are, leave your job voluntarily to become self-employed, but don’t get sacked
— that’s more damaging to well-being than the loss of a spouse, and its effects last longer. In
your spare time, join a club, volunteer for community service, or take up religion.

If none of the above works, then vote for a political party with the same agenda as the King of
Bhutan, who announced that his nation’s objective is national happiness.

Questions 1-3
Choose THREE letters A - G.
Circle the correct letters, A - G, below.
NB Your answers may be given in any order.

Which THREE of the following statements are true, according to the text?

A  Money can bring misery.

B  Wealthier nations place more emphasis on happiness than poorer ones.

C  Securing a place to live is a basic human need.

D The desire for social status is global phenomenon.

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E  An unmarried couple living together are less likely to be happy than a married couple.

F  The less responsibility one has, the happier one is.

G  Involvement in policy making can increase well-being.

Questions 4-7
Complete the summary using the list of words, A -I, below.
Write the correct letter, A - I in the spaces below.

A episode
B interaction
C cooperation
D control
E number
F level
G course
H conflict
I limit

Money can buy you just about anything, but not. it seems, happiness. Whether on a personal
or national 4 __F__, your bank balance won't make you happier. Once the basic criteria of a
roof over your head and food on the table have been met, money ceases to play a part. One of
the most important factors in achieving happiness is the extent of our social 5 __B__- our
relationships with family, friends, colleagues anti so on. Equally important is the amount
of 6 ____D____ we have, either in our personal life, working life, or even in our ability to
influence the political 7 ____G____ that our country embarks on.

Questions 8-13

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Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

In spaces 8-13 below write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN If there is no information on this

8 People from underdeveloped nations try to attain the same standard of living as those
from developed nations. NOT GIVEN

9 Seeing what others have makes people want to have it too. TRUE

10 The larger the family is, the happier the parents will probably be. NOT GIVEN

11  One’s attitude to life has no influence on one’s health. FALSE

12  Instinct can be a barrier to happiness. TRUE

13  Family and friends rank equally as sources of happiness. FALSE

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READING PASSAGE 2

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14 - 26, which are based on Reading Passage
2 below.

One Who Hopes

A Language lovers, just like music lovers, enjoy variety. For the latter there's Mozart, The
Rolling Stones and Beyonce. For the former there's English, French, Swahili, Urdu... the list is
endless. But what about those poor overworked students who find learning difficult, confusing
languages a drudge? Wouldn't it put a smile on their faces if there were just one simple, easy-
to-learn tongue that would cut their study time by years? Well, of course, it exists. It's called
Esperanto, and it's been around for more than 120 years. Esperanto is the most widely spoken
artificially constructed international language. The name derives from Doktoro Esperanto, the
pseudonym under which L. L. Zamenhof first published his Unua Libro in 1887. The phrase itself
means 'one who hopes'. Zamenhof's goal was to create an easy and flexible language as a
universal second language to promote peace and international understanding.

B Zamenhof, after ten years of developing his brainchild from the late 1870s to the early
1880s, had the first Esperanto grammar published in Warsaw in July 1887. The number of
speakers grew rapidly over the next few decades, at first primarily in the Russian empire and
Eastern Europe, then in Western Europe and the Americas, China, and Japan. In the early years,
speakers of Esperanto kept in contact primarily through correspondence and periodicals, but
since 1905 world congresses have been held on five continents every year except during the
two World Wars. Latest estimates for the numbers of Esperanto speakers are around 2 million.
Put in percentage terms, that's about 0.03% of the world's population - no staggering figure,
comparatively speaking. One reason is that Esperanto has no official status in any country, but
it is an optional subject on the curriculum of several state education systems. It is widely
estimated that it can be learned in anywhere between a quarter to a twentieth of the time
required for other languages.

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C As a constructed language, Esperanto is not genealogically related to any ethnic
language. Whilst it is described as 'a language lexically predominantly Romanic', the phonology,
grammar, vocabulary, and semantics are based on the western Indo-European languages. For
those of us who are not naturally predisposed to tucking languages under our belts, it is an easy
language to learn. It has 5 vowels and 23 consonants. It has one simple way of conjugating all of
its verbs. Words are often made from many other roots, making the number of words which
one must memorise much smaller. The language is phonetic, and the rules of pronunciation are
very simple, so that everyone knows how to pronounce a written word and vice-versa, and
word order follows a standard, logical pattern. Through prefixing and suffixing, Esperanto
makes it easy to identify words as nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, direct objects and so on, by
means of easy-to-spot endings. All this makes for easy language learning. What's more, several
research studies demonstrate that studying Esperanto before another foreign language speeds
up and improves the learning of the other language. This is presumably because learning
subsequent foreign languages is easier than learning one's first, while the use of a
grammatically simple and culturally flexible language like Esperanto softens the blow of
learning one's first foreign language. In one study, a group of European high school students
studied Esperanto for one year, then French for three years, and ended up with a significantly
better command of French than a control group who had studied French for all four years.

D Needless to say, the language has its critics. Some point to the Eastern European
features of the language as being harsh and difficult to pronounce, and argue that Esperanto
has an artificial feel to it, without the flow of a natural tongue, and that by nature of its
artificiality, it is impossible to become emotionally involved with the language. Others cite its
lack of cultural history, indigenous literature - "no one has ever written a novel straight into
Esperanto" - together with its minimal vocabulary and its inability to express all the necessary
philosophical, emotional and psychological concepts.

E The champions of Esperanto - Esperantists - disagree. They claim that it is a language in

which a great body of world literature has appeared in translation: in poetry, novels, literary
journals, and, to rebut the accusation that it is not a 'real' language, point out that it is

15
frequently used at international meetings which draw hundreds and thousands of participants.
Moreover, on an international scale, it is most useful - and fair - for neutral communication.
That means that communication through Esperanto does not give advantages to the members
of any particular people or culture, but provides an ethos of equality of rights, tolerance and
true internationalism.

F Esperantists further claim that Esperanto has the potential - were it universally taught
for a year or two throughout the world - to empower ordinary people to communicate
effectively worldwide on a scale that far exceeds that which is attainable today by only the most
linguistically brilliant among us. It offers the opportunity to improve communication in business,
diplomacy, scholarship and other fields so that those who speak many different native
languages will be able to participate fluently in international conferences and chat comfortably
with each other after the formal presentations are made. Nowadays that privilege is often
restricted to native speakers of English and those who have special talents and opportunities
for learning English as a foreign language.

G What Esperanto does offer in concrete terms is the potential of saving billions of dollars
which are now being spent on translators and interpreters, billions which would be freed up to
serve the purposes of governments and organisations that spend so much of their resources to
change words from one language into the words of others. Take, for example, the enormously
costly conferences, meetings and documentation involved in the European Union parliamentary
and administrative procedures - all funded, essentially, by tax payers. And instead of the World
Health Organisation, and all NGOs for that matter, devoting enormous sums to provide
interpreters and translations, they would be able to devote those huge amounts of money to
improving the health of stricken populations throughout the world.

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Questions 14 -19
Reading Passage 2 has seven paragraphs, A - G.
Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B - G from the list of headings below.
Write the correct number i - ix in spaces 14-19 below.

i A non-exclusive language
ii Fewer languages, more results
iii Language is personal
iv What’s fashionable in language
v From the written word to the spoken word
vi A real language
vii Harmony through language
viii The mechanics of a language
ix Lost in translation

Example
Paragraph A vii

14 Paragraph B __v__

15 Paragraph C __viii__

16 Paragraph D __iii__

17 Paragraph E __vi__

18 Paragraph F __i_

19 Paragraph G __ii_

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Questions 20-22

Choose the correct letter A, B, C or D.

20 What advantage is there to learning Esperanto as one’s first foreign language?

A Its pronunciation rules follow those of most European languages.

B There are no grammar rules to learn.

C  It can make the learning of other foreign languages less complicated.

D  Its verbs are not conjugated.

21 What do its critics say of Esperanto?

A  It is only used in artificial situations.

B It requires emotional involvement.

C  It cannot translate works of literature.

D It lacks depth of expression.

22 How could Esperanto help on a global level?

A  It would eliminate the need for conferences.

B  More aid money would reach those who need it.

C  The world population would be speaking only one language.

D  More funds could be made available for learning foreign languages.

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Questions 23-26

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?

In spaces 23-26 below, write

YES if the statement agrees with the views of the writer

NO if the statement contradicts the views of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

23  Supporters of Esperanto say it gives everyone an equal voice. YES

24  Esperanto is the only artificially-constructed language. NO

25  Esperanto can be learned as part of a self-study course. NOT GIVEN

26  Esperanto can be used equally in formal and casual situations. YES

READING PASSAGE 3
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40 which are based on this passage.

Driverless cars

Driverless cars may be set to become reality. At least that is, if the executives behind the taxi
app, Uber, are to be believed. Currently, Uber is taking its biggest steps yet towards a driver-
free world, launching the Uber Advanced Technologies Centre in Pittsburgh. The ultimate goal
of this institution is to 'do research and development, primarily in the areas of mapping and
vehicle safety and autonomy technology'.

To date, Uber has provided a chauffeur-driven taxi service for American clients. Venturing into
the realms of driverless cars is therefore a new direction which will require massive investment.
It is indeed a huge leap of faith on Uber's part, since technology has yet to catch up with the
idea of a fully autonomous vehicle. On the as well as stay in lane, and maintain a steady cruising

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seed. In a patchwork fashion such cars could eventually build up to almost full automation and
Uber believes that car owners will readily embrace the idea of driverless taxis. In Uber's eyes,
current car owners only stand to gain by the introduction of such technology. Hiring a driverless
cab means that the client does not have to pay for the cost of the driver in the cab fee. The only
cost incurred by clients is for fuel, plus wear and tear. It is certainly an attractive proposition.
Uber stands to benefit, too, since employees currently working as taxi drivers will be removed
from the company's payroll. Apparently for car drivers and Uber, it is a win-win situation.

Not everyone will benefit however from this technology, the car industry being an obvious
example. Not surprisingly, the industry views the concept of self-driving cars with a sense of
growing alarm. Such technology could well prove the death knell for private car ownership. As a
result, the industry is dragging its feet over the manufacture and introduction of fully
automated vehicles onto the market, due to commercial issues.

The commercial aspect apart, there is also the safety issue. Whilst a fully automated car could
respond to most eventualities in the course of a trip, would it be capable of responding to
unforeseen events, such as changes in route or unexpected diversions? Evidently legislative
authorities are also of this opinion. Currently, no matter how much automation a car has, it still
requires a driver with a full licence behind the wheel to drive on public roads. Whilst robot
drivers, on the whole, have the upper hand on their human counterparts safety-wise, that still
does not guarantee that they will become legal. As a consortium of researchers put it, 'If self-
driving cars cut the roughly 40,000 annual US traffic fatalities in half, the car makers might get
not 20,000 thank-you notes, but 20,000 lawsuits.'

Interestingly, Uber is now undertaking an aggressive hiring campaign for taxi drivers to meet
the demand for their taxi app. It seems that even Uber is less than confident that driverless
taxis will soon become a reality. Whether Uber is backing a doomed campaign or instead is
about to bring in a technology that will be universally greeted with positivity and acceptance
depends entirely on your viewpoint.

John Reynolds, a Pittsburgh taxi driver, is angry at Uber's attitude on fully automated
technology. 'They are completely disregarding individual livelihoods, such as mine, as well as
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those of big car manufacturers in the pursuit of money. Admittedly things change and we have
to roll with the times, but there should be some safeguards in place to protect those potentially
affected by the introduction of new technologies. I guess I'm biased, being a taxi driver myself,
but it's difficult to see it objectively.'

Susie Greenacre, a resident of Pittsburgh, has no such reservations about driverless cars. 'I'm all
for it. Driverless cars have my backing, any day! I hate the stress of rush-hour traffic| I think if I
could just hop in a driverless car which would take me anywhere I wanted I would never want
to drive again!'

Jason Steiner, a school teacher in a Pittsburgh secondary school, is inclined to agree with Susie.
'Whilst I'm not averse to driving, I would swap the stressful daily commute by car to a driverless
one if I had the chance! It just takes the pressure off driving. I would be slightly wary though, of
completely dependent on a robot-driven car when it comes to having to react to unexpected
obstacles in the road.'

Questions 27-32

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

27 Which of the following statements is accurate?

A Driverless cars conform to safety regulations.

B There is an obvious market for fully automated cars.

C  Human drivers are no competition for driverless cars.

D Potentially, fully automated taxis are more cost-effective than normal taxis.

28 Uber is investing in a technology that

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 A will prove controversial.

B has been tried and tested.

C is unlikely to prove cost-effective.

D will be universally welcomed.

29 What is NOT true about driverless cars?

A They have become a reality in many countries.

B They may improve road safety.

C  They will reduce the cost of travelling.

D  They will endanger jobs.

30 What can be said about current legislation?

A It is in favour of driverless cars.

B It currently doesn't favour fully automated cars.

C It is keeping up with technology.

D It already accommodates driverless cars.

31 What is the general view held by car manufacturers?

A Driverless cars are more dangerous than non-automated cars.

B Fully automated cars are too expensive to manufacture.

C The introduction of driverless cars will threaten their livelihoods.

D Technology is still too underdeveloped to manufacture driverless cars.

32 What can be said about the writer's opinion of driverless cars?

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 A He is not really interested, but sceptical, that such a technology will be developed.

B He reserves judgement as to whether fully automated cars will become a reality.

C He believes that such a technology will never become a reality.

D He is critical of Uber's plans to introduce fully automated cars.

Questions 33-37

Look at the following statements, 33-37, and the list of people.

Match each statement to the correct person, A-C.

You may use any letter more than once.

A John Reynolds
B Susie Greenacre
C Jason Steiner
33 This person is willing to give up control of their vehicle because they appreciate the
benefits of fully automated cars. C

34  This person would have no regrets about giving up driving entirely in favour of being
driven by a fully automated car. B

35   This person is aware that the new technology of driverless cars may not provide an
adequate substitute for a human driver. C

36  This person believes that those affected adversely by new technology should
be protected from its effects. A

37  This person enjoys driving but only under favourable conditions. C

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Questions 38-40

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text?

For questions 38-40, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN If there is no information on this

38  Driverless technology will have to overcome legal and safety obstacles to
become completely viable. TRUE

39 Uber has shown nothing but complete self-conviction in its investment in driverless cars,
FALSE

40  The safety issues with driverless technology are likely to be resolved fairly quickly.
NOT GIVEN

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 WRITING

WRITING TASK 1

"The graph below shows the rate of smoking per 1000 people in Someland from 1960 to
2000."

The line graph illustrates the percentage per thousand of smoker in Someland between
1960 and 2000.

It can be clearly seen that the the number of men smoker was always higher than the
women smoker, although they dropped all the times. In contrast, the proportion of women
smoker was always less than the men smoker, even though they had risen in sometimes.

At the start of the period, the percentage per thousand of men smoker was very high,
600 people per 1000 people. Then from 1960 to 1975, the number of men smoker had

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decreased slightly, about one hundred people after fifteen years. Next 15 years, the figure for
men smoking kept declining, from 500 people to nearly 400 people. But it did not stop there,
throughtout the last ten years period, the proportion of men smoker had suddenly fallen back.
At the end of the period, the percentage per thousand of men smoker had reached the lowest
point of nearly 200/1000 people.

On the other hand, the number of women smoker was very low at the start of the
period, just about 100 people. This number had increased constantly to more than 300 people
after the next 15 years. But there was not any growth after that. In general, the figure of
women smoking had minimally gone down. After 15 years since 1975, the proportion of women
smoker had a very small changed, reduced from more than 300 people to nearly 300 people.
Then at the last ten years period, the figure of women smoker had steadily dropped to 200
people in 2000.

Task 2: Some people believe that reading stories from a book is better than watching TV or
playing computer games for children. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

At present certain persons belived that book reading stories are gaining more
knowledge rather than to watch TV and computer games, and so do I. I will argue that why
Book reading stories are so important for young kids.

 Both movies and games, which have great influence on youths, can cause devastating
heath issues. As depending on TVs or laptops for many hours without moving, not only young
people but also elder obviously turn into couch potatoes as well as having trouble about eyes
disease, backs. Additionally, at children’s ages, having absorbed many violence scenes might
impact on shaping their personalities, which leads to violent behavior, becoming less patience
or even like using objects to fight someone.

On the other hand, books are extremely valuable in comparison with the others by
providing plenty of benefits for several reasons. The first reason is that reading is a good hobby
have been widely chosen by famous people and millionaires. For example, Warrant Buffet, one
of the richest people all around the world, estimated that he spent 80% of his working day
reading and thinking. The second reason is that besides enhancing knowledge, intelligence as
well as improvement of outlook for readers, books are also a good teacher for children. Based

26
on the variety kinds of books, children have many chances to collect the most suitable ones to
be friend which can illuminate their childhood and forming characteristic themselves.

In conclusion, I strongly believe that to get the best development children’s childhood,
parents shall let them be friends with stories.

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