Machine 410sx-Manual

410sx
Kubota® WG1605-G-E3
Operator’s
Manual
CMW® Issue 4.0 053-2678

Original Instruction
410sx Operator’s Manual Overview - 1
Overview
Chapter Contents
Serial Number Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Intended Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Unit Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
• Tractor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
• Plow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
• Trencher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
• Drill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
• Reel Carrier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Operator Orientation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
About This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

• Bulleted Lists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
• Numbered Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Overview - 2 410sx Operator’s Manual
Serial Number Location
Serial Number Location

Record serial numbers and date of purchase in the spaces provided.
Date of manufacture
Date of purchase
H400 trencher serial number (3)
410sx tractor serial number (2)
Engine serial number (1)

Intended Use
Intended Use
The 410sx is an articulating, hydrostatic, four-wheel drive, pedestrian vibratory plow designed to bury
cable or pipe in a variety of soils. An optional trenching attachment, drilling attachment, and reel carrier are
available. The 410sx is powered by a liquid-cooled 49.6 hp (37.0 kW) four-cylinder Kubota® gasoline
engine.
The unit is designed for operation in temperatures typically experienced in excavation and construction
work environments. Provisions may be required to operate in extreme temperatures. Contact your Ditch
Witch® dealer. Use in any other way is considered contrary to the intended use.
The H400 trencher should be used with genuine Ditch Witch chain, teeth, and sprockets. The 410sx
should be operated, serviced, and repaired only by persons familiar with its particular characteristics and
acquainted with the relevant safety procedures.
Unit Components
Unit Components
Tractor
1. Operator console 5. Frame lock

2. Vibrator 6. Articulation joint
3. Feed tube 7. Drilling attachment
4. Plow blade 8. Trencher attachment
Plow
1. Feed tube 3. Sod cutter (optional)

2. Vibrator 4. Plow blade
Unit Components
H400 Trencher
1 2 3
4
t39om043w.eps
1. Digging chain 3. Digging boom

2. Restraint bar 4. Auger
Drill
1 2 3
t39om044w.eps
1. Coupler 3. U-joint
2. Zerk
Operator Orientation
Reel Carrier
1. Front reel carrier
Operator Orientation
1. Front of unit 3. Rear of unit
2. Left of unit 4. Right of unit
Right and left sides of machine are determined by

facing front of unit while standing at the controls.
About This Manual
About This Manual

This manual contains information for the proper use of this machine. See Operation Overview for basic
operating procedures. Cross references such as “See page 50” will direct you to detailed procedures.
Bulleted Lists
Bulleted lists provide helpful or important information or contain procedures that do not have to be
performed in a specific order.
Numbered Lists
Numbered lists contain illustration callouts or list steps that must be performed in order.
About This Manual
410sx Operator’s Manual Foreword - 9
Foreword
This manual is an important part of your equipment. It provides safety information and operation
instructions to help you use and maintain your Ditch Witch® equipment.
Read this manual before using your equipment. Keep it with the equipment at all times for future reference.
If you sell your equipment, be sure to give this manual to the new owner.
If you need a replacement copy, contact your Ditch Witch dealer. If you need assistance in locating a
dealer, visit our website at www.ditchwitch.com or write to the following address:
The Charles Machine Works, Inc.

Attn: Marketing Department
PO Box 66
Perry, OK 73077-0066
USA
The descriptions and specifications in this manual are subject to change without notice. The Charles
Machine Works, Inc. reserves the right to improve equipment. Some product improvements may have
taken place after this manual was published. For the latest information on Ditch Witch equipment, see your
Ditch Witch dealer.
Thank you for buying and using Ditch Witch equipment.

Foreword - 10 410sx Operator’s Manual
410sx Gas
Operator’s Manual
Issue number 4.0/OM-05/18

Part number 053-2678
Copyright 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018

by The Charles Machine Works, Inc.
, Ditch Witch and Roto Witch are registered trademarks of The Charles Machine
Works, Inc.
This product and its use may be covered by one or more patents at http://patents.charlesmachine.works.
410sx Operator’s Manual Contents - 11
Contents
Overview 1
machine serial number, information about the type of work this machine is designed
to perform, basic machine components, and how to use this manual
Foreword 9
part number, revision level, and publication date of this manual, and factory contact
information
Safety 11
machine safety alerts and emergency procedures
Controls 25
machine controls, gauges, and indicators and how to use them
Operation Overview 33
an overview for completing a job with this machine: planning, setting up, installing
product, and restoring the jobsite; with cross references to detailed procedures
Prepare 37
procedures for inspecting and classifying the jobsite, planning the installation path,
and preparing the jobsite for work
Drive 43
procedures for startup, cold start, driving, and shutdown
Transport 47
procedures for lifting, hauling, and towing
Plow 55
procedures for plowing
Trench 61
procedures for trenching
Drill 67
procedures for drilling
Systems and Equipment 79

ROPS, plow blades, chain, teeth, sprockets, and optional equipment
Contents - 12 410sx Operator’s Manual
Complete the Job 85

procedures for backfilling and restoring the jobsite and rinsing and storing
equipment
Service 87
service intervals and instructions for this machine including lubrication, replacement
of wear items, and basic maintenance
Specifications 125
machine specifications including weights, measurements, power ratings, and fluid
capacities
Support 131
the warranty policy for this machine, and procedures for obtaining warranty
consideration and training
Service Record 135

a record of major service performed on the machine
410sx Operator’s Manual Safety - 13
Safety
Chapter Contents
Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
California Proposition 65 Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Emergency Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
• Electric Strike Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
• If an Electric Line is Damaged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
• If a Gas Line is Damaged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
• If a Fiber Optic Cable is Damaged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
• If Machine Catches on Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Safety Alert Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Machine Safety Alerts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Safety - 14 410sx Operator’s Manual
Guidelines
Guidelines
When you see this safety alert sign, carefully read and follow all instructions.
YOUR SAFETY IS AT STAKE. Read this entire section before using your equipment.
Follow these guidelines before operating any jobsite equipment:
• Complete proper training and read operator’s manual before using equipment.
• Mark proposed path with white paint and have underground utilities located before working. In the US
or Canada, call 811 (US) or 888-258-0808 (US and Canada). Also contact any local utilities that do not
participate in the One-Call service. In countries that do not have a One-Call service, contact all local
utility companies to have underground utilities located.
• Classify jobsite based on its hazards and use correct tools and machinery, safety equipment, and work
methods for jobsite.
• Mark jobsite clearly and keep spectators away.
• Wear personal protective equipment.
• Review jobsite hazards, safety and emergency procedures, and individual responsibilities with all
personnel before work begins. Safety videos are available from your Ditch Witch® dealer or at
www.ditchwitch.com/safe. Safety Data Sheets (SDS) are available at www.ditchwitch.com/support.
• Fully inspect equipment before operating. Repair or replace any worn or damaged parts. Replace
missing or damaged safety shields and safety signs. Contact your Ditch Witch dealer for assistance.
• Use equipment carefully. Stop operation and investigate anything that does not look or feel right.
• Do not operate machine where flammable gas may be present.
• Only operate equipment in well-ventilated areas.
• Contact your Ditch Witch dealer if you have any question about operation, maintenance, or equipment
use.
• Complete the equipment checklist located at www.ditchwitch.com/safe.
California Proposition 65 Warning

This product may contain chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects, or other
reproductive harm.
• battery posts, terminals and related accessories

• engine exhaust
• ethylene glycol
Emergency Procedures
Jobsite hazards could cause death or serious injury. Use

correct equipment and work methods. Use and maintain proper safety
equipment.
Before operating any equipment, review emergency procedures and check that all safety precautions have
been taken.
EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN - Turn ignition switch to stop position or push remote engine stop button (if
equipped).
EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN - Release all controls and stop engine.
Electric Strike Description
Electric shock will cause death or serious injury. Stay

away. 274-049
When working near electric cables, remember the following:
• Electricity follows all paths to ground, not just path of least resistance.
• Pipes, hoses, and cables will conduct electricity back to all equipment.
• Low voltage current can injure or kill. Many work-related electrocutions result from contact with less
than 440 volts.
Most electric strikes are not noticeable, but indications of a strike include:
• power outage
• smoke
• explosion
• popping noises
• arcing electricity
If any of these occur, assume an electric strike has occurred.

If an Electric Line is Damaged

If you suspect an electric line has been damaged and you are near pedestrian unit, DO NOT MOVE.
Remain on tractor and take the following actions. The order and degree of action will depend upon the
situation.
• Warn people nearby that an electric strike has occurred. Instruct them to leave the area and contact
utility.
• Do not allow anyone into area until given permission by utility company.
• Do not allow anyone to touch equipment.
If you suspect an electric line has been damaged and you are near pedestrian unit, DO NOT MOVE and
do not touch unit. Take the following actions. The order and degree of action will depend upon the
situation.
• Warn people nearby that an electric strike has occurred. Instruct them to leave the area and contact
utility.
• Do not allow anyone into area until given permission by utility company.
• Do not allow anyone to touch equipment.
If a Gas Line is Damaged
Fire or explosion possible. Fumes could ignite and cause

burns. No smoking, no flame, no spark. 275-419 (2P)
Explosion possible. Serious injury or equipment damage could occur.

Follow directions carefully.
If you suspect a gas line has been damaged, take the following actions. The orders and degree of action
will depend on the situation.
• Immediately shut off engine(s), if this can be done safely and quickly.
• Remove any ignition source(s), if this can be done safely and quickly.
• Warn others that a gas line has been cut and that they should leave the area.
• Leave jobsite as quickly as possible.
• Immediately call your local emergency phone number and utility company.
• If jobsite is along street, stop traffic from driving near jobsite.
• Do not return to jobsite until given permission by emergency personnel and utility company.
If a Fiber Optic Cable is Damaged

Do not look into cut ends of fiber optic or unidentified cable. Vision damage can occur. Contact utility
company.
If Machine Catches on Fire

Perform emergency shutdown procedure and then take the following actions. The order and degree of
action will depend on the situation.
• Immediately move battery disconnect switch (if equipped and accessible) to disconnect position.
• If fire is small and fire extinguisher is available, attempt to extinguish fire.
• If fire cannot be extinguished, leave area as quickly as possible and contact emergency personnel.
Safety Alert Classifications
Safety Alert Classifications

These classifications and the icons defined on the following pages work together to alert you to situations
which could be harmful to you, jobsite bystanders or your equipment. When you see these words and
icons in the book or on the machine, carefully read and follow all instructions. YOUR SAFETY IS AT
STAKE.
Watch for the three safety alert levels: DANGER, WARNING and CAUTION. Learn what each level
means.
indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
This signal word is to be limited to the most extreme situations.
indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate
injury.
Watch for two other words: NOTICE and IMPORTANT.
NOTICE indicates information considered important, but not hazard-related (e.g., messages relating to
property damage).
IMPORTANT can help you do a better job or make your job easier in some way.
Machine Safety Alerts
Misuse of machine can cause death or serious

injury. Read and understand operator’s manual and all other safety
1 instructions before use. 273-475
Jobsite hazards could cause death or serious

injury. Use correct equipment and work methods. Use and maintain
2
proper safety equipment. 274-050; 274-724 (2P), 700-133
Fire or explosion possible. Fumes could ignite and

cause burns. No smoking, no flame, no spark. 275-419 (2P)
3
Fire or explosion possible. Shut engine off before

fueling.
4
Moving parts. Crushing could cause death or

severe injury. Use correct procedures and equipment. Stay away
5 from moving parts and their range of movement. 274-204
Moving parts. Contact can cause serious injury.

6 Stay away. 275-184, 273-546, 273-437
Tiedown location. See Transport chapter for more information.
Lift point. See Transport chapter for more information.
Turning shaft will kill you or crush arm or leg. Stay

away. 274-187
9
Fire or explosion possible. Do not use starter fluid.

273-459 (2P), 274-206 (2P), 700-206 (2P)
10
Hot parts may cause burns. Do not touch until cool

or wear gloves. 275-355 (2-P), 273-423 (2-P)
11
Trencher
Trencher
H400
Moving digging teeth can kill. Trench cave-in can

cause you to fall. Stay away. 275-097, 270-6900
1
DANGER decal. See Parts Manual for replacement part numbers.
DANGER stripe decal. See Parts Manual for replacement part

numbers.
3
Drilling Attachment
Drilling Attachment
RWIII/RWIV
Turning shaft will kill you or crush arm or leg. Stay

away. 274-187
1
Drilling Attachment
410sx Operator’s Manual Controls - 25
Controls
Chapter Contents
Tractor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Attachment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Controls - 26 410sx Operator’s Manual
Tractor
Tractor
2 3 4 5 6
1
9 8 7
10
11
12
t39om001w.eps
1. Alarm speaker 7. Parking brake

2. Operator presence switch 8. Throttle control
3. Hydraulic fluid temperature indicator 9. Ground drive speed/direction control
4. Check engine/Malfunction indicator light (MIL) 10. Fuel gauge
5. Engine information display 11. Fuel shutoff valves
6. Ignition switch 12. Frame lock
Item Description Notes
1. Alarm speaker Sounds to alert operator of a

critical malfunction.
Tractor
2. Operator presence Detects when operator is If switch is released during operation,

switch present. alarm will sound and engine will die.
Press and hold switch before

moving ground drive control
or digging controls out of
neutral.
3. Hydraulic fluid Lights if hydraulic fluid If light remains on:

temperature indicator overheats.
• Check that engine fan is turning
when engine is running.
• Turn off engine and let it cool.
• Check hydraulic fluid level.
• Check front of hydraulic cooler for
debris.
4. Check engine/ Lights when an engine Lights momentarily when ignition

Malfunction indicator problem has been detected. switch is turned to the ON or START
light position.
!
c00ic039w.eps
5. Engine information Displays status of certain See “Engine Diagnostic Codes” on

display engine functions: RPM, page 84.
engine hours, battery voltage,
oil pressure, coolant “Engine hours” refers to amount of
temperature, and engine time key is on position without engine
diagnostic codes. running. “Machine Hours” refers to
amount of time engine has been
running above 100 rpm.
Tractor
6. Ignition switch To start engine, insert key and IMPORTANT: If engine does not start
turn clockwise. on first attempt, check that all
interlock requirements have been
To stop engine, turn counter met, return switch to STOP, and try
clockwise. again.
7. Parking brake (orange) To set the parking brake,

push.
To release the parking brake,

pull.
8. Throttle To increase engine speed,

turn clockwise.
To decrease engine speed,

turn counterclockwise.
c00ic038w.eps
9. Speed/Direction Control To move forward, push

toward F.
To move backward, pull

toward R.
To turn, move control to left or

right.
c00ic002a.eps To go faster in any direction,

move farther from neutral.
To stop, return to neutral.

Tractor
10. Fuel gauge Displays fuel level in tank. Use only approved gasoline fuel.
Fuel tank holds 8.5 gal (32.2 L).
GAS
c00ic040w.eps
11. Fuel shutoff valves Opens and closes fuel line Located under tank on right side.
between tank and engine. Valve on the right shuts off fuel return.
Valve on the left shuts off fuel supply.
12. Frame lock (yellow) Prevents articulation joint Use speed/direction control to pivot
from moving during transport unit at articulation joint until lock is
or maintenance. fully engaged.
To lock, move lock into gate.

Attachment Controls
Attachment Controls
1. Digging chain control (optional) 4. Plow lift/lower control

2. Drill control (optional) 5. Trencher lift/lower control (optional)
3. Plow vibrator control 6. Plow swing lock
1. Digging chain control To start digging chain, push. Optional, for use with H400 trenching
attachment.
To reverse digging chain, pull.
To stop digging chain, return

to neutral position.
c00ic003a.eps
Attachment Controls
2. Drill direction control To rotate drill string clockwise, Optional, for use with Roto Witch®
push. drilling attachment.
To rotate drill string counter

clockwise, pull.
c00ic007a.eps
3. Plow vibrator control To start, push.
To stop, move to neutral

position.
4. Trencher lift control To lower, push. Optional, for use with H400 trenching
attachment.
To raise, pull.
5. Plow lift control To lower, push.
To raise, pull.
Attachment Controls
6. Plow swing lock (blue) To engage plow swing lock,

move control toward tractor.
To disengage, move control

toward plow.
410sx Operator’s Manual Operation Overview - 33
Operation Overview
Chapter Contents
Planning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Plowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Trenching. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Drilling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Leaving Jobsite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Operation Overview - 34 410sx Operator’s Manual
Planning
Planning
1. Gather information about jobsite. See page 38.
2. Inspect jobsite. See page 39.
3. Classify jobsite. See page 40.
4. Select plow blade for your installation. See page 81
5. Select chain and teeth to match your soil type, if necessary. See page 82.
6. Check supplies and prepare equipment. See page 42.
7. Haul equipment to jobsite. See page 50.
Plowing
1. Start unit. See page 44.
2. Position tractor and controls. See page 57.
3. Attach product. See page 57.
4. Begin plowing. See page 59.
5. Complete the installation. See page 85.
6. Shut down tractor. See page 45.
Trenching
2. Position tractor and controls. See page 62.
3. Begin trenching. See page 63.
4. Complete the installation. See page 85.
410sx Operator’s Manual Operation Overview - 35
Drilling
Drilling
2. Dig approach trench and target trench. See page 69.
3. Assemble drill string and position tractor. See page 70.
4. Begin drilling. See page 71.
5. Use drill string guide as needed. See page 73.
6. Add rod. See page 74.
7. Backream. See page 75.
9. Disassemble joints. See page 78.
Leaving Jobsite
1. Restore jobsite. See page 86.
2. Rinse equipment. See page 86.
3. Stow tools. See page 86.
4. Haul equipment away from jobsite. See page 50.
Operation Overview - 36 410sx Operator’s Manual
Leaving Jobsite
410sx Operator’s Manual Prepare - 37
Prepare
Chapter Contents
Gather Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
• Review Job Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
• Notify One-Call Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
• Arrange for Traffic Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
• Plan for Emergency Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Inspect Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
• Identify Hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Classify Jobsite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
• Select a Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
• Apply Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Check Supplies and Prepare Equipment . . . . . . . 42

• Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
• Fluid Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
• Condition and Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
• Accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Prepare - 38 410sx Operator’s Manual
Gather Information
Gather Information
A successful job begins before you dig. The first step in planning is reviewing information already available
about the job and jobsite.
Review Job Plan

Review blueprints or other plans. Check for information about existing or planned structures, elevations, or
proposed work that may be taking place at the same time.
Notify One-Call Services

Mark proposed path or excavation area with white paint and have underground utilities located before
working.
• In the US or Canada, call 811 (US) or 888-258-0808 (US and Canada). Also contact any local utilities
that do not participate in the One-Call service.
• In countries that do not have a One-Call service, contact all local utility companies to have
underground utilities located.
Arrange for Traffic Control

If working near a road or other traffic area, contact local authorities about safety procedures and
regulations.
Plan for Emergency Services

Have the telephone numbers for local emergency and medical facilities on hand. Check that you will have
access to a telephone.
Inspect Site
Inspect Site
Identify Hazards
Inspect jobsite before transporting equipment. Check for the following:
• changes in elevation such as hills or other open trenches

• obstacles such as buildings, railroad crossings, or streams
• signs of utilities
– “buried utility” notices
– utility facilities without overhead lines
– gas or water meters
– junction boxes
– drop boxes
– light poles
– manhole covers
– sunken ground
• traffic
• access
• soil type and condition
Have an experienced locating equipment operator sweep area within 20’ (6 m) to each side of trench path.
Verify previously marked line and cable locations.
Identify safety hazards and classify jobsite if attachment will penetrate ground. See “Classify Jobsite” on
page 40.
Classify Jobsite
Classify Jobsite

equipment.
To help avoid injury:
• Wear personal protective equipment including hard hat, safety eye wear, and hearing protection.
• Do not wear jewelry or loose clothing.
• Notify One-Call and companies which do not subscribe to One-Call.
• Comply with all utility notification regulations before digging or drilling.
• Verify location of previously marked underground hazards.
• Mark jobsite clearly and keep spectators away.
Remember, jobsite is classified by hazards in place -- not by line being installed.
Select a Classification
Jobsites are classified according to underground hazards present.
If working... then classify jobsite as...
within 10’ (3 m) of a buried electric line electric
within 10’ (3 m) of a natural gas line natural gas
in sand, granite, or concrete which is capable of producing crystalline silica (quartz) dust
crystalline silica (quartz) dust
within 10’ (3 m) of any other hazard other
NOTICE: If you have any doubt about jobsite classification, or if jobsite might contain unmarked
hazards, take steps outlined previously to identify hazards and classify jobsite before working.
Classify Jobsite
Apply Precautions
Once classified, precautions appropriate for jobsite must be taken.
Electric Jobsite Precautions
Use one or both of these methods.
• Expose line by careful hand digging or soft excavation.

• Have service shut down while work is in progress. Have electric company test lines before returning
them to service.
Natural Gas Jobsite Precautions
In addition to positioning equipment upwind from gas lines, use one or both of these methods.
• Expose lines by careful hand digging or soft excavation.

• Have gas shut off while work is in progress. Have gas company test lines before returning them to
service.
Crystalline Silica (Quartz) Dust Precautions
Breathing crystalline silica dust may cause lung disease.

Cutting, drilling, or working materials such as concrete, sand, or rock
containing quartz may result in exposure to silica dust. Use dust control
methods or appropriate breathing protection when exposed to silica dust.
• Use water spray or other means to control dust.

• Refer to U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration guidelines to
learn more about appropriate breathing protection and permissible exposure limits.
Other Jobsite Precautions
You may need to use different methods to safely avoid other underground hazards. Talk with those
knowledgeable about hazards present at each site to determine which precautions should be taken or if
job should be attempted.
Check Supplies and Prepare Equipment
Check Supplies and Prepare Equipment

Supplies
• fuel
• keys
• personal protective equipment, such as hard hat and safety glasses
Fluid Levels
• fuel
• hydraulic fluid
• battery charge
• engine oil
Condition and Function

• all controls
Improper control function could cause death or serious injury. If

control does not work as described in instructions, stop machine and have it
serviced.
• digging chain and teeth

• fan belts
• light bulbs
• filters (air, oil, hydraulic)
• tires
• pumps and motors
• hoses and valves
• signs, guards, and shields
Accessories
Fire Extinguisher
If required, mount a fire extinguisher near the power unit but away from possible points of ignition. The fire
extinguisher should always be classified for both oil and electric fires. It should meet legal and regulatory
requirements.
410sx Operator’s Manual Drive - 43
Drive
Chapter Contents
Start Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Shut Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Drive - 44 410sx Operator’s Manual
Start Unit
Start Unit
Before operating tractor, read engine manufacturer’s starting and operating instructions.
Misuse of machine can cause death or serious injury.

Read and understand operator’s manual and all other safety instructions
before use.
• Read operator’s manual before operating equipment. Follow instructions carefully. Contact your
Ditch Witch® dealer for operation information or demonstration.
• Wear hard hat, safety glasses, and other protective equipment required by job. Do not wear jewelry
or loose clothing that can catch on controls.
Runaway possible. Start and operate from operator’s position only.
1. Clear the area around the machine of all bystanders.

2. Ensure all controls and switches to the neutral or disengaged position.
3. Verify that parking brake is set.
4. Insert key into ignition switch and turn to the ON position.
5. Verify that check engine light (engine malfunction indicator) is on.
6. Set throttle at low idle.
7. Turn ignition switch to START position. Release key when engine starts.
8. Verify that check engine light (engine malfunction indicator light) is off. If not, stop engine by turning
ignition switch to OFF position. Check for cause of engine malfunction.
9. Run engine at half-throttle or less for five minutes before operating tractor. Ensure all controls function
properly.
410sx Operator’s Manual Drive - 45
Shut Down
Drive
Tipover possible. Machine can tip over and crush you.
• Always operate so that operator is on uphill side of machine.

• Keep digging boom low when operating or transporting on a slope.
• Never jerk control levers. Use a steady even motion.
• Drive slowly and cautiously at all times.
EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN: Turn ignition switch to STOP.
1. Raise attachments for ground clearance. Ensure that plow swing lock is engaged.
2. Check that tires are positioned straight or in direction of intended movement.
3. Release parking brake.
4. Press and hold operator presence switch.
5. Move ground drive control in desired direction of travel.
6. Adjust throttle for desired speed of travel.
Shut Down
1. When job is complete, move machine to level ground.
2. Move ground drive control to neutral.
3. Set parking brake.
4. Return all controls to neutral or disengaged position.
5. Lower all attachments to ground.
6. Run engine at low throttle for three minutes to cool.
7. Turn ignition switch to OFF position. If leaving machine unattended, remove key.
8. For maintenance or long-term storage, turn battery disconnect switch, if equipped, to the disconnect
position.
NOTICE: To avoid equipment damage, wait two minutes after turning engine off before
disconnecting battery.
Drive - 46 410sx Operator’s Manual
Shut Down
410sx Operator’s Manual Transport - 47
Transport
Chapter Contents
Lift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
• Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
• Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
Haul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Tie Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
• Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
• Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Retrieve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Transport - 48 410sx Operator’s Manual
Lift
Lift
Crushing weight could cause death or serious injury. Stay

away.
Points
Lifting points are identified by lifting decals. Lifting at other points is unsafe
and can damage machinery.
Procedure
Tractor
Use a crane capable of supporting the

equipment's size and weight. See “410sx” on
page 125.
• Engage frame lock. See page 26.

• Use indicated lift points.
• Do not attempt to lift tractor with
attachments installed.
Lift
H400 Trencher
Use crane capable of supporting the

equipment's size and weight. See page 125 or
measure and weigh equipment before lifting.
NOTICE: Do not lift tractor with attachments

installed.
t39om047w.eps
Reel Carrier
Use crane capable of supporting the

equipment's size and weight. See page 125 or
measure and weigh equipment before lifting.
NOTICE: Do not lift tractor with attachments

installed.
t39om048w.eps
Haul
Haul
Load

away.
• Load unit with engine in low idle and boom as low as possible.
• Load trailer on level ground.
• Load trailer correctly to avoid trailer swaying.
• Attach trailer to vehicle before loading or unloading.
• If loading onto a tilt-bed trailer, ensure that tilt latch is secured in the correct position.
• Ten to fifteen percent of total vehicle weight (equipment plus trailer) must be on tongue to help
prevent trailer sway.
1. Start engine. See page 44 for proper start-up procedures.

2. Raise trencher boom, but keep it low.
3. Fully raise or remove plow blade and ensure that plow swing lock is engaged.
5. Slowly drive tractor onto trailer.
6. Position tractor on trailer deck for proper weight distribution.
8. Lower attachments to trailer bed and turn tractor off. See page 45 for proper shutdown procedures.
9. Engage frame lock.
10. Attach chains to tractor and attachments where tie-down decals are located. See page 51.
Tie Down
Tie Down
Points
Tie-down points are identified by tie-down decals. Securing to trailer at other
points is unsafe and can damage machinery.
Procedure
Attach chains at front and rear tie-down points.
Make sure chains are tight before transporting
unit.
Tie Down
Unload

away.
• Unload unit with engine in low idle and boom as low as possible.
• Unload trailer on level ground.
• Attach trailer to vehicle before loading or unloading.
• If trailer tilts, ensure that tilt latch is secured in the correct position.
1. Lower trailer or ramps.

2. Remove chains from tiedowns.
3. Start tractor. See page 44 for proper start-up procedures.
4. Raise trencher boom, but keep it low.
5. Fully raise or remove plow blade and ensure that plow swing lock is engaged.
6. Disengage frame lock.
8. Slowly back unit down trailer or ramps.
Retrieve
Retrieve
Under normal conditions, tractor should not be towed. If tractor becomes disabled and towing is
necessary:
• Open hydrostat bypass valve.

• Do not tow for more than 200 yd (180 m).
• Tow at less than 1-2 mph (1.5-3.0 km/h).
• Unit cannot be steered as it is towed.
• Use maximum towing force of 1.5 times unit weight.
Procedure
1. Attach tow line to all available tie-down points
facing towing vehicle.
2. Check that all controls are in neutral position.
3. Open valve (shown) by turning cartridge 1/4
turn so that flat sides are horizontal.
4. Move speed/direction control in direction of
travel.
Return Unit to Normal Operation

t39om055w.eps

2. Block wheels.
3. Disconnect from tow point.
4. Turn tow valve cartridge to original position.
Retrieve
410sx Operator’s Manual Plow - 55
Plow
Chapter Contents
Set Up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
• Position Tractor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
• Attach Product. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
• Prepare Tractor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Operate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Finish Job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Plow - 56 410sx Operator’s Manual
Set Up
Set Up
EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN - Turn ignition switch to STOP.

away.
To help avoid injury: Keep everyone at least 10’ (3 m) from machine, attachments, and their range of
movement.

equipment.
To help avoid injury: Comply with all utility notification regulations before digging or drilling.

before use.
To help avoid injury: Use attachments or counterweights to make front and rear loads balance when all
attachments are raised. Contact your Ditch Witch dealer about counterweighting for your equipment.
NOTICE: Choose the correct plow blade length for the desired depth of material cover. If using a
vertically adjustable, multi-depth blade, select the proper installation height.
Set Up
Position Tractor
1. Start tractor. See page 44 for start-up procedures.
2. Drive to starting point. Move in line with planned path. See page 45 for operating procedures.
4. Lower plow blade to starting point of trench.
5. Turn ignition switch to STOP.
Attach Product
Pull Product
1. Insert material into pulling grip.

2. Tape grip with duct tape.
Set Up
Feed Product
NOTICE: Use only genuine Ditch Witch®

cable guide.
1. Remove cable guide.

2. Feed cable through tube from top to
bottom.
3. Replace cable guide and tighten
fasteners.
4. Secure cable.
Prepare Tractor
1. Start tractor. See “Start Unit” on page 44.
2. Adjust to low throttle.
4. Move ground drive control to low.
5. Lower reel carrier to operating position, if equipped.
Operate
Operate
Crushing weight could cause death or serious injury. Use

proper procedures and equipment or stay away.

away.
To help avoid injury: Expose lines by hand before digging. Cutting high voltage cable can cause
electrocution

before use.
1. Move ground drive control forward to plowing speed and lower plow blade into ground.
NOTICE: Do not drive in reverse with plow blade in the ground.
2. Increase engine speed to full throttle.

3. Move the plow vibrator control to the ON position. PLOW WILL VIBRATE.
NOTICE: Do not operate vibrator unless plow is in the ground.
4. Lower the plow blade into the ground to full

depth.
5. Reduce attachment speed to a point with the
least tractor vibration and the highest ground
drive speed possible.
6. Check cable for damage during plowing. Run
continuity checks on electric cable and check
pipe pressure.
t39om051w.eps
Finish Job
Finish Job
1. When installation is complete, move ground drive control to the neutral position.
2. With vibrator running, raise plow to ground level while reducing vibrator speed.
NOTICE: Do not operate vibrator when plow is out of the ground.
3. Move plow vibrator control to OFF.

5. Turn ignition switch to OFF and remove product from plow.
6. Turn ignition switch to ON.
7. Swing plow to center position and engage swing lock.
9. Drive a short distance away from work site.
10. Shut down tractor. See page 45 for proper shutdown procedures.
410sx Operator’s Manual Trench - 61
Trench
Chapter Contents
Set Up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Operate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Finish Job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Trench - 62 410sx Operator’s Manual
Set Up
Set Up
EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN - Release button on operator presence handle and turn ignition switch to
OFF position.

To help avoid injury: Use attachments or counterweights to make front and rear loads balance when all
attachments are raised. Contact your Ditch Witch dealer about counterweighting for your equipment.

equipment.
To help avoid injury: Comply with all utility notification regulations before digging or drilling.

before use.

2. Drive to starting point. Move in line with planned trench. See page 45 for operating procedures.
IMPORTANT:
• When cutting asphalt, start trench in soil at edge of road and use shortest possible boom at
full depth.
• For optimal spoils delivery, adjust the auger positions forward or backward to accommodate
terrain and digging depth.

4. Adjust to low throttle.
5. Lower boom to just above ground.
6. Check that boom is in line with planned trench.
Operate
Operate

Cutting, drilling, or working materials such as concrete, sand, or rock


away.
electrocution.

before use.

• Notify companies that do not subscribe to One-Call.
Flying objects thrown by machine may strike people. Wear hard hat and
safety glasses.
Operate
1. Move the digging chain control to the ON position. DIGGING CHAIN WILL MOVE.
Moving digging teeth will cause death or serious injury.

Trench cave-in can cause you to fall. Stay away.
• Ensure parking brake is set.

• Allow 3’ (1 m) between digging teeth and obstacle. Machine might jerk when digging starts.
• Keep everyone at least 6’ (2 m) from machine, attachments, and their range of movement.
2. Increase engine speed to full throttle.

3. Slowly lower digging boom to depth.
NOTICE: Machine moves in reverse during trenching.
5. Move ground drive control to desired speed. Always start trenching with ground drive speed set at low.
Increase ground drive speed only as soil conditions permit.
6. Operate engine at full throttle when working.
NOTICE:
• Do not make sharp turns. Lower boom to full depth when turning.
• If an object becomes lodged in chain, move attachment speed/direction control to neutral
and raise boom slightly. Reverse chain direction. If object must be removed manually, turn
engine off and set parking brake.
Finish Job
Finish Job
1. When trench is complete, move ground drive control to neutral.
2. Adjust throttle to low.
3. Raise boom.
4. As boom clears top of trench, move digging chain control to the OFF position.
5. Drive a short distance away from work site.
6. Shut down tractor. See page 45 for proper shutdown procedures.
Finish Job
410sx Operator’s Manual Drill - 67
Drill
Chapter Contents
Set Up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
• Dig Approach Trench . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
• Dig Target Trench . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
• Install Drill String . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70
Operate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
• Drill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
• Add Rod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
• Backream . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
• Install Product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
• Remove Rod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Finish Job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
• Disassemble Drill String . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
Drill - 68 410sx Operator’s Manual
Set Up
Set Up
EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN: Release all controls and stop engine.

equipment.

• Set up warning barriers and keep people away from machine and jobsite.
• Do not operate drilling attachment if bore path is less than 10’ (3 m) from any underground hazard.

before use.
• Do not alter controls. Improper control function can cause serious injury.
• Do not tape or tie down switch or lever.
Set Up
Dig Approach Trench

1. Mark planned bore path and all located
utility lines with flags or paint.
2. Dig an approach trench (1) along the
intended bore path.
IMPORTANT: Ensure approach

trench is:
• deep enough for pipe to lay flat

and enter soil at correct angle,
• at least half the total length of
the drill string, and
• at least 4” (10 cm) wide.
Target Trench
1. Select a completion point for the drilling project.
2. Dig a target trench (2) across the anticipated completion point.
IMPORTANT: Ensure target trench is:
• deep enough for drill bit to enter slightly above the trench floor, and
• long enough to allow for drift of unguided drill string. Accuracy of bore decreases with length
and varies with soil conditions.
Set Up
Install Drill String
t39om077w.eps
1. Check condition and function of equipment:

• Ensure rod sections are not bent.
• Ensure slip latches are functioning properly.
• Ensure bits are in good condition.
2. Assemble at least 20’ (6 m), but no more than 30’ (9 m), of drill rod.
NOTICE: Incorrect installation can cause rod sections to bend. Ensure at least half of drill string
length is inside trench.
3. Install drill bit.

4. Put drill string in approach trench.
5. Start engine. “Start Unit” on page 44
6. Align machine with drill string and intended bore path.
7. Shut off engine. “Shut Down” on page 45.
8. Attach drill string to attachment.
Operate
Operate

Cutting, drilling, or working with materials such as concrete, sand, or rock


away.
electrocution.

before use.
• Do not alter controls. Improper control function can cause serious injury.
• Do not tape or tie down switch or lever.
Operate
Drill
Rotating shaft will cause death or serious injury. Stay

away.
• Keep everyone at least 10’ (3 m) away from drill string and machine unless drill string guide is
needed.
• Wear close-fitting clothing and the applicable personal protective equipment.
• Do not drill too quickly. Drilling bit will drift off course and rod sections may bow or break.
• Do not drill with bent rod section.
1. Evaluate jobsite conditions. If drill string needs guidance have Helper (trained on equipment operation
and associated hazards) use drill string guide to align drill string as it enters the soil. See “Start Bore
with Drill String Guide” on page 73.
2. Start engine and set to low throttle. See “Start Unit” on page 44.
3. Operate drilling attachment controls to start clockwise rotation.
4. Slowly move machine forward while maintaining rotation.
IMPORTANT: Always use lowest speed necessary. Increase speed only if more than 5’ (1.5 m)
of rod is in the ground and other conditions allow.
5. Carefully monitor progress of bore:

• If rod section starts to bow, stop forward movement of machine and reverse slightly until rod
straightens.
• If drilling becomes obstructed, rotate drill string counterclockwise.
6. When drill bit enters target trench, stop rotation immediately.
IMPORTANT: After initial bore is complete, backream to enlarge bore or install product.
• See “Backream” on page 75.

• See “Install Product” on page 76.
Operate
Start Bore with Drill String Guide
If drill string needs guidance have Helper follow the instructions below to operate the drill string guide at
start of bore.

away.
• Use only the approved Ditch Witch® drill string guide (p/n 118-079).
• Do not straddle trench or drill string.
• Do not enter trench.
• Keep hands and feet away from drill string and drilling attachment.
• Do not use drill string guide during backreaming or when drill string is being pulled back.
• Only use drill string guide on left side of approach trench.
t39om076w.eps
1. Stand on left side of approach trench.

2. Put drill string guide in correct position:
• at least 3’ (1 m) behind drill bit
• hook side toward bore
• cradle side toward machine
3. When drill string guide is in correct position, signal machine operator to start bore.
4. Use drill string guide to control the first 5’ (1.5 m) of the bore path.
5. When 5’ (1.5 m) of rod is in the ground, have machine operator stop rotation of drilling attachment.
• When drill string has stopped, remove drill string guide and leave area.
Operate
Add Rod
If more length is needed, use a Helper to add a rod section.

away.
To help avoid injury: Only access drilling attachment once rotation has fully stopped.
Disconnect Drill String from Drilling Attachment
1. Stop rotation of drilling attachment.

2. Operate ground drive controls to move machine in reverse 6” (15 cm) to loosen drill string in ground.
3. Disconnect drill string from drilling attachment. Special tool (p/n 351-272) may be used. See
“Disassemble Drill String” on page 78.
4. Operate ground drive controls to move unit in reverse 10’ (3.05 m), about the length of a rod section.
Add Rod Section
1. Have Helper connect new rod section to drill string.

2. Slowly move machine forward until new rod section and drilling attachment are about 1” (2.5 cm) apart.
3. Have Helper lightly hold new rod section.
Pinch point. Crushing will cause serious injury.
• Keep hands at least 6” (15 cm) from ends of rod.

• Support rods from underneath with open palms. Do not grip rods.
4. Rotate drilling attachment to align slip latches of new rod section and drilling attachment if needed.
5. Move unit forward slowly. As soon as new rod section engages drilling attachment, have Helper move
hands clear.
6. Slightly move forward until slip latch connection is correctly latched.
Operate
Backream
Sometimes it is necessary to drill a pilot hole first, then enlarge the hole to accommodate larger product.
As a general rule, the final hole should be 1.5 times larger than the diameter of the product being installed.
The number of passes needed depends on soil conditions.
NOTICE:
• Do not try to increase hole size too much in one pass. Make several passes using successively
large reamers.
• Keep drill string straight and aligned with drilling attachment. Sharp bends can cause rod failure.
• Never have more than 30’ (9 m) of exposed rod outside the bore. Remove rods as necessary. See
“Remove Rod” on page 77.
1. Shut down engine. See “Shut Down” on page 45.

2. Remove drill bit and install appropriate reamer.
3. Start engine and begin clockwise rotation. See “Start Unit” on page 44.
NOTICE: Always rotate clockwise during backreaming. Rotate counterclockwise only if reamer
is blocked in bore.
4. Slowly drive in reverse while maintaining rotation. See “Drive” on page 43. When reamer exits the
approach trench, stop rotation immediately.
Operate
Install Product
To install product, pull it through the bore after drilling or at final pass of backreaming.
Rotating shaft will cause death or seriously injure. Stay

away.
To help avoid injury: Ensure no one is in target trench or near product being installed. If swivel
malfunctions, material can rotate.
1. Shut down engine. See “Shut Down” on

page 45.
2. Remove drill bit and attach appropriate
swivel (2) to drill string (1) or reamer.
Ensure swivel functions correctly.
3. Use shackle (3) to attach pipe pulling
adapter (4) or pulling grip (5) to swivel.
4. Attach material to pipe pulling adapter or
pulling grip.
5. Start engine and set to low throttle. See
“Start Unit” on page 44.
6. Slowly drive in reverse while maintaining
rotation. See “Drive” on page 43. When
product exits the approach trench, stop rotation immediately.
Operate
Remove Rod
If the length of rod outside the bore reaches 30’ (9 m), or as required by space, use a Helper to remove rod
sections as needed. Remove Rod Section

away.
• To help avoid injury: Only access drilling attachment once rotation has fully stopped.
Remove Rod Section
1. Stop rotation of drilling attachment.

2. Disconnect and remove first rod. Special tool (p/n 351-272) may be used. See “Disassemble Drill
String” on page 78.
Reconnect Drill String
1. Slowly move machine forward until rod section and drilling attachment are about 1” (2.5 cm) apart.
2. Have Helper lightly hold new rod section.
Pinch point. Crushing will cause serious injury.
• Keep hands at least 6” (15 cm) from ends of rod.

• Support rods from underneath with open palms. Do not grip rods.
3. Rotate drilling attachment to align slip latches of rod section and drilling attachment if needed.
4. Move unit forward slowly. As soon as rod section engages drilling attachment, have Helper move
hands clear.
5. Slightly move forward until slip latch connection is correctly latched.
Finish Job
Finish Job
Disassemble Drill String
1. Shut down engine. See “Shut Down” on
page 45.
2. Disconnect drill string from drilling
attachment.
3. Remove drill bit.
4. Disconnect rod sections:
• Press tab through hole in female side
of joint (1). Special tool (p/n 351-272)
may be used.
• Pull rod sections apart (2).
410sx Operator’s Manual Systems and Equipment - 79
Systems and Equipment
Chapter Contents
Optional Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Plow Blades. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Chain, Teeth, and Sprockets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Chain and Tooth Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Chain Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Chain Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Engine Diagnostic Codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Systems and Equipment - 80 410sx Operator’s Manual
Optional Equipment
Optional Equipment
See your Ditch Witch® dealer for more information about the following optional equipment.
410sx Tractor
Equipment Description
plow blades and Choose the most efficient plow blade for your job based on your desired
pulling grips cover depth range, feed chute diameter, and feed chute radius, as well as
your desired speed for straight plowing.
tires 26” or dual wheels are available
dual wheels distributes weight of unit across jobsite surface
counterweights required to balance unit configured with optional attachments
front reel carrier mounted on the front of the tractor (use without trencher attachment)
sod cutter kit breaks sod to make plowing more efficient
H400 Trenching Attachment
booms provide depth options of 24” (610 mm), 30” (762 mm), or 36” (914 mm)
Drilling Attachment
downhole tools a variety of bits and backreamers for varying soil conditions are available
through your Ditch Witch dealer
Optional Equipment
Plow Blades
Blade Maintenance
• Keep cable guide wing bolts tight. Loose cable guide bolts will break due to plow vibration.
• Keep plow feed tube free of rock and debris so that material pulls freely though tube.
• Use a speed blade only for straight or gently curving installations. Do not use speed blades for
installations that require sharp turns.
• Use the plow blade most appropriate for the type of material being installed. Contact your Ditch Witch®
dealer for information about the most effective blade for your jobsite conditions.
Blade Types
Type Description
feed blade used to “stitch” flexible material into the ground as it is fed through a chute or
tube located at the back of the blade
speed blade a thin feed-type blade used for high speed, straight plowing
pull blade used to pull rigid or semi-rigid material into the ground through a tunnel made
by a “bullet” at the bottom of the blade; a pulling grip is used to attach the material
to the blade
Optional Equipment
Chain, Teeth, and Sprockets

Chain and Tooth Maintenance
• Always replace sprockets at the same time you replace the digging chain. Sprockets and chain are
designed to work together. Replacing one without the other will cause premature wear of the new part.
• Do not use worn teeth. Using dull, worn teeth will decrease production and increase shock load to
other trencher components. It can also cause chain stretch, which leads to premature chain wear and
failure.
• Maintain the proper amount of tension on the digging chain. Overtightening will cause chain stretch
and loss of machine performance. For correct tightening procedure, see page 97.
• Use the tooth pattern most appropriate for your digging conditions. If you move to a different soil type,
contact your Ditch Witch® dealer for information about the most effective chain type and tooth pattern.
Chain Types
Chain type Features
4-pitch standard chain
2-pitch more teeth for smoother cutting
alternating side bar prevents spoil compaction on chain
bolt-on adapters allow easy configuration changes
Shark Chain II versatile, virtually maintenance-free
combination provides pick and shovel effect

Optional Equipment
Chain Selection
These charts are meant as a guideline only. No one chain type works well in all conditions. See your Ditch
Witch® dealer for soil conditions and chain recommendations for your area.
• 1 = best
• 2 = better
• 3 = good
• 4 = not recommended
Chain Sandy Soft Soil Medium Hard Soil Rocky Sticky

Soil Soil Soil Soil
4-pitch cup tooth 3 1 2 3 4 1
2-pitch cup tooth 2 3 1 1 3 4
bolt-on adaptor, 2-pitch 4 4 3 2 1 4
bolt-on adaptor/cup tooth 4 3 2 1 2 4

combo
Shark Chain II 4 3 2 1 1 4
alternating side bar 4 4 4 4 4 1
Soil Description
sandy soil sugar sand, blow sand, or other soils where sand is the predominant component
soft soil sandy loam
medium soil loams, loamy clays
hard soil packed clays, gumbo, all compacted soils
rocky soil chunk rock, glacial till, cobble, rip rap, gravel
sticky soil gumbo, sticky clays

Engine Diagnostic Codes
Engine Diagnostic Codes

This unit is equipped with a self-diagnostic computer-controlled fuel management system. A variety of
sensors send input data to an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) that compares inputs with pre-programed
parameters and sends output voltage to a variety of actuators to adjust and operate the engine within
specified parameters.
Warning indicators on the engine display tell the operator when critical and non-critical faults develop. Non-
critical faults occur when engine sensors detect moderate trouble with coolant temperature, oil pressure,
oxygen levels, or intake air temperature. Non-critical faults cause the check engine light/malfunction
indicator to light. Critical faults cause the engine to derate and/or shutdown. In both cases, a fault code is
stored in the ECU. If the fault corrects itself, the engine will gradually return to normal power. The check
engine light/malfunction indicator will stay on until the trouble goes away, but the fault code remains stored.
Engine shutdown will occur due to critical faults in engine coolant temperature or oil pressure. Before
shutdown, the operator alert indicator will light continuously and the engine will begin a rapid power derate.
If the fault does not improve in 30 seconds, the engine will shutdown. Fault codes are shown on the engine
information display.
The following chart lists critical codes that the operator can troubleshoot. For all other codes, contact your
Ditch Witch® dealer.
DTC SPN FMI DTC Name Detected Item DTC Set Conditions System Action
P0524 100 1 Oil pressure Low oil pressure Run time wait for oil pressure Engine shutdown
low exceeds 15 seconds.
RPM lower limit is below 600 rpm
Oil pressure switch is receiving

less than 1.5V input
P0183 174 3 Fuel Temp: Operating in a hot Fuel temperature is above Power derate
gasoline high environment 140°F/60°C
Sensor out of
calibration
P0182 174 4 Fuel Temp: Operating in a frigid Fuel temperature is below -35°F/ None
gasoline low temperature -37°C
Sensor out of
calibration
P0563 168 15 Battery System voltage Voltage is above 16VDC AL disable KC

voltage high abnormally high
Low rev limit
P0562 168 17 Batter voltage Wiring harness Voltage is below 9VDC and rpm AL disable KC
low open/short/damage is above 100 rpm
Power derate
Battery abnormality
410sx Operator’s Manual Complete the Job - 85
Complete the Job
Chapter Contents
Restore Jobsite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Rinse Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Stow Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Complete the Job - 86 410sx Operator’s Manual
Restore Jobsite
Restore Jobsite
After product is installed, return spoils to the trench.
Rinse Equipment
Spray water onto equipment to remove dirt and mud.
NOTICE: Do not spray water onto operator’s console. Electrical components could be damaged. Wipe
down instead.
Stow Tools
Make sure all tools and accessories are loaded and properly secured on trailer.
410sx Operator’s Manual Service - 87
Service
Chapter Contents
Service Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Recommended Lubricants/Service Key . . . . . . . . 89

• Engine Oil Selection Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91
10 Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
50 Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
250 Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
500 Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
1000 Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
As Needed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Service - 88 410sx Operator’s Manual
Service Precautions
Service Precautions

before use.
• Unless otherwise instructed, all service should be performed with engine off and engine cool.
• Refer to engine manufacturer’s manual for engine maintenance instructions.
• Before servicing equipment, lower unstowed attachments to ground.
• Wear personal protective equipment.
Welding Precaution
NOTICE: Welding can damage electronics.
• Disconnect battery at battery disconnect switch, if equipped, or disconnect battery cables before
welding to prevent damage to battery.
• Do not turn off battery disconnect switch with engine running or alternator and other electronic
devices may be damaged.
• Welding currents can damage electronic components. Always disconnect the ECU ground
connection from the frame, harness connections to the ECU, and other electronic components prior
to welding on machine or attachments. Connect welder ground close to welding point and make sure
no electronic components are in the ground path.
Washing Precaution
NOTICE: Water can damage electronics. When cleaning equipment, do not spray electrical components
with water.
Recommended Lubricants/Service Key

Item Description
GEO Gasoline engine oil meeting API service classification SL or higher and SAE viscosity
recommended by engine manufacturer
MPG Multipurpose grease meeting ASTM D217 and NLGI 5
MPL Multipurpose gear oil meeting API service classification GL-5 (SAE 80W90)
THF Tractor hydraulic fluid, similar to Phillips 66® PowerTran fluid, Mobilfluid® 423, Chevron®
Tractor Hydraulic Fluid, Texaco® TDH Oil, or equivalent
DEAC Diesel engine antifreeze/coolant meeting ASTM D5345 (prediluted) or D4985

(concentrate)
Check level of fluid or lubricant
Filter Check condition
Adjust, service or test Change or replace
Proper lubrication and maintenance protects Ditch Witch® equipment from damage and failure. Service
intervals listed are for minimum requirements. In extreme conditions, service machine more frequently.
Use only genuine Ditch Witch parts, filters, approved lubricants, and approved coolants to maintain
warranty. Fill to capacities listed in See “Specifications” on page 125.
For more information on engine lubrication and maintenance, see your engine manual.
NOTICE: Use the “Service Record” on page 135 to record all required service to your machine.
Approved Fuel
This engine is designed to run on unleaded gasoline and 10 percent volume ethanol (E10). use only high
quality fuel meeting ASTM D4814 or equivalent. Do not use gasoline blended with methyl alcohol.
Approved Coolant
This unit was filled with John Deere Cool-Gard coolant before shipment from factory. Add only John Deere
Coo-Gard (255-006) or any fully-formulated, ethylene glycol based, low-silicate, heavy-duty diesel engine
coolant meeting ASTM specificationD6210 (fully formulated) or D4985 (low silicate).
NOTICE: Do not use water or high-silicate automotive-type coolant. This will lead to engine damage or
premature engine failure.
Engine Oil Selection Chart
SAE 10W
SAE 20
SAE 10W-30
SAE 15W-40
SAE 30
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Select oil based on ambient temperature range expected before next oil change.

before use.
• Unless otherwise instructed, all service should be performed with engine off, frame lock engaged,
plow lowered and trencher lowered.
• Refer to engine manufacturer’s manual for engine maintenance instructions.
10 Hour
10 Hour
Location Task Notes
TRACTOR Check engine oil level GEO
Check air filter restriction indicator
Check hydraulic fluid level THF
Check hydraulic hoses
Check tire pressure and lugnuts
Check exhaust clamp
Check engine coolant level
PLOW Check plow gearbox oil level MPL, check when oil is cold
TRENCHER Lube outboard auger bearing MPG
Check digging chain tension
Tractor
Check Engine Oil Level
1
While engine oil is warm, check oil level at 2
dipstick (1) every 10 hours. Add GEO at fill (2) as
necessary to keep oil level at highest line on
dipstick. Do not overfill.
IMPORTANT: See page 89 for GEO

specifications.
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10 Hour
Check Air Filter Restriction Indicator
Check air filter restriction indicator every 10

hours. Change air filter elements when air filter
restriction indicator reaches the red zone.
NOTICE: Only open the air filter canister when

air restriction is indicated. Change the
elements, do not attempt to clean them.
• Compressed air or water may damage

filter elements.
• Tapping filter elements to loosen dirt may
damage the elements.
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To change:
1. Remove air filter cover and remove primary

1
(1) and safety (2) elements.
2. Wipe inside of housing and wash cover.
3. Insert new elements.
4. Replace cover.
5. Reset air filter restriction indicator. 2
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Check Hydraulic Fluid Level
With tractor level and attachments raised, check

fluid at sight glass (2) every 10 hours. Fluid
should be halfway up sight glass. Add THF at fill
(1) as necessary. Do not overfill.
10 Hour
Check Hydraulic Hoses
Pressurized fluid or air could pierce skin and cause

severe injury. Refer to operator’s manual for proper use.
• Before disconnecting a hydraulic line, turn engine off and operate all controls to relieve pressure.
Lower, block, or support any raised component with a hoist. Cover connection with heavy cloth and
loosen connector nut slightly to relieve residual pressure. Catch all fluid in a container.
• Before using system, check that all connections are tight and all lines are undamaged.
• Use a piece of cardboard or wood, rather than hands, to search for leaks. Fluid leaks can be hard to
detect.
• Wear protective clothing, including gloves and eye protection.
If you are injured, seek immediate medical attention from a doctor familiar with this type of injury.
Check hydraulic hoses for leaks every 10 hours.

10 Hour
Check Tire Pressures
Check tire pressures before each use.
Tire option Max. pressure
26 x 12.00-12 4-ply bar lug 20 psi (1.4 bar)
DUALS ONLY: 23 x 10.5-12 20 psi (1.4 bar)

6-ply bar lug
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Check Exhaust Clamp
Check clamp and lock screw on exhaust

extension every 10 hours to ensure that it is tight.
Replace if needed.
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Check Engine Coolant Level
Check engine coolant level every 10 hours with

engine cool at plastic overflow tank. Maintain
coolant level above low level mark. If low, add
approved coolant. Clean debris from radiator
cooling fins using compressed air or pressurized
water.
NOTICE:
• Use caution when removing radiator

pressure cap.
• To prevent engine damage or premature
failure, use only approved coolant. t39om063w.eps
• Do not mix coolant types.

• See “Approved Coolant” on page 90.
10 Hour
Plow
Check Plow Gearbox Oil Level 1 2
Check plow vibrator oil level every 10 hours.

Check when oil is cold, with vibrator level and
skid shoes on ground. Remove plow blade and
sod cutter if necessary. Oil should be halfway up
sight glass (2). Add MPL as needed at fill (1).
IMPORTANT: Do not add oil to plow vibrator

when hot. Let plow vibrator cool before
removing fill plug.
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10 Hour
Trencher
Lube Trencher Outboard Auger
Bearing
Wipe zerk clean and lube every 10 hours with 8-

10 pumps of MPG.
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Check Digging Chain Tension
If unit is equipped with H400 trenching

attachment, check digging chain tension every 10
hours.
To adjust chain with roller boom:
1. Lower boom to ground and stop engine.

3. Loosen four trencher clamp bolts (1).
4. Loosen jam nut (2) and turn adjusting screw
78 ft•lb (106 N•m). Distance between chain
and boom (A) should be approximately 1” (25
mm).
5. Tighten jam nut.
To adjust chain with sprocket boom:
1. Lower boom and stop engine.

2. Set parking brake. 1 2 3
3. Adjust chain tension by tightening or
loosening adjustment screw (2) and jam nut
(1). Digging chain tension is correct when 1-
1.5” (25-40 mm) of slide and stop is exposed
(3).
4. Tighten jam nut.
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10 Hour
To adjust roller boom with grease cylinder:
Pressurized fluid or air could pierce skin and cause severe

injury. Refer to operator’s manual for proper use.
To help avoid injury: Service digging boom grease cylinder only while standing on opposite side of
boom. Wear gloves and safety glasses, and cover fitting with cloth when relieving pressure in cylinder.
1. With boom horizontal, measure distance from

bottom of boom to chain (2). When properly
adjusted, distance should be 1.5-2.0” (40-50 1
mm).
2. To tighten chain, remove plug and pump MPG
into cylinder (1). To relieve chain tension,
loosen plug on grease cylinder.
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50 Hour
50 Hour
Location Task Notes
TRACTOR Change engine oil and filter GEO, initial service

5.5 qt (5.2 L)
Check fan/alternator belt tension 20 ft•lb (20 N•m)
Check exhaust system
Check radiator hoses
Clean battery terminals
Check air filter dust ejection valve
Check fuel lines
Change Engine Oil and Filter

(Initial Service)
Change engine oil and filter after first 50 hours,

and every 200 hours afterward.
To change:
1. Drain crankcase (1) while oil is warm.

2. Replace filter (2) each time oil is changed.
3. Add GEO at fill neck (3) until oil level is at
highest line on dipstick.
NOTICE: To prevent engine fire, immediately wipe off any oil that drips on the exhaust tubes or thermal
blankets. Replace thermal blankets if oil gets between the blanket and the exhaust system. Do not
operate machine with oil between the blanket and the exhaust system
50 Hour
Check Fan/Alternator Belt Tension
Check belt tension every 50 hours. Belt is properly

tensioned when it moves about 0.28 - 0.35” (7-9
mm) when pushed at the long span (A). To adjust
B
belt, loosen bolt (B) and move tensioner pulley.
Tighten bolt (B) to 20 ft-lb (27 N-m).
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Check Exhaust System
Thermal blankets contain refractory ceramic fibers, which are a possible

carcinogen and will cause irritation when airborne. Wear proper personal protective
equipment, including gloves, safety glasses and breathing protection.
To help avoid injury, place damaged blanket in a plastic bag to prevent material from becoming
airborne during disposal.
Check for any loose or damaged components

every 50 hours. Check exhaust thermal blankets
and replace if damaged. Check heat shields near
the battery, starter and air cleaner and replace if
damaged.
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50 Hour
Check Radiator Hoses
Check radiator hoses for leaks, abnormal swelling,

or other signs of deterioration every 50 hours. Also
check for leaks or corrosion at water pump and
fittings.
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Clean Battery Terminals
Clean battery terminals to remove any corrosion

and apply MPG to terminals after cleaning to
reduce corrosion. Check for signs of internal
corrosion in cables and tighten any loose
connections.
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Check Air Filter Dust Ejection Valve
Check the dust ejection valve on the air filter every

50 hours. Replace if damaged. The valve should
close when the engine is running for proper
operation. Ensure that air filter cover is installed
with valve at the 6 o’clock position.
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100 Hour
Check Fuel Lines
Check fuel lines for any signs of leaks or wear

every 50 hours. Replace as needed only with low
permeable fuel hose rated at 225 psi (p/n 105-
1792), required for EPA emission regulations.
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100 Hour
Location Task Notes
TRACTOR Change fuel filter See engine operator’s

manual for more information
Change Fuel Filter
Change fuel filter (shown) every 100 hours.
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200 Hour
200 Hour
Location Task Notes
TRACTOR Change engine oil and filter 5.5 qt (5.2 L) GEO
Clean spark plugs See engine operator’s

manual for more information
Change Engine Oil and Filter
Change engine oil and filter after first 50 hours,

and every 200 hours afterward.
To change:
1. Drain crankcase (1) while oil is warm.

2. Replace filter (2) each time oil is changed.
3. Add GEO at fill neck (3) until oil level is at
highest line on dipstick.
NOTICE: To prevent engine fire, immediately

wipe off any oil that drips on the exhaust tubes
or thermal blankets. Replace thermal blankets
if oil gets between the blanket and the exhaust
system. Do not operate machine with oil
between the blanket and the exhaust system
Clean Spark Plugs and Check Gap
1. Remove the spark plug and remove carbon

from the electrode.
2. Measure the spark plug gap with a feeler
1 2
gauge and adjust or replace the spark plug if
the measured gap differs from the factory
specification: 0.028-0.031 in (0.70-0.80 mm)
3. Replace the spark plug if the electrode or the
insulator is deformed or cracked.
4. Tighten the spark plug to 20 ft-lb (27 N-m).
IMPORTANT: When reassembling, install the

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ignition coil inside the spark plug terminal
firmly. Make sure that the wiring and the
ignition coil are correctly connected.
250 Hour
250 Hour
Location Task Notes
TRACTOR Change hydraulic fluid filters 14 gal (53 L)
Change Hydraulic Fluid Filters
Change hydraulic fluid filters every 250 hours.

1 2
Spin-on type filter elements should be hand-
tightened. Do not overtighten. Check oil level at
hydraulic reservoir sight glass and fill with fluid as
needed.
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500 Hour
500 Hour
Location Task Notes
TRACTOR Change hydraulic fluid and filter 13.2 gal (50 L) THF
Lubricate and inspect u-joints MPG
Check ground drive differential oil level MPL
Check ground drive gearbox oil level MPL
PLOW Change plow vibrator oil 2.4 pt (1 L) MPL
Tractor
Change Hydraulic Fluid and Filters
Change hydraulic fluid and filters every 500 hours.
To change hydraulic fluid:
1. With fluid warm, remove drain plug (1), located

at bottom of reservoir on right side of tractor.
2. Drain fluid and replace plug.
3. Fill through fill cap (2) to center of reservoir
sight glass (3) with THF. Reservoir capacity is
13.2 gal (50 L).
500 Hour
Lubricate and Inspect U-Joints
Lubricate U-joints at zerks (shown) with MPG

every 500 hours. Clean zerk before servicing to
prevent contamination. Also check U-joints for
wear or damage.
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Check Differential Oil Level
Check oil level at fill plug (1) every 500 hours. Add
MPL as needed.
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Check Ground Drive Gearbox Oil Level
Check oil level at plug (1) every 500 hours. Add

MPL as needed.
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500 Hour
Plow
Change Plow Vibrator Oil
1 2
Change plow vibrator oil every 500 hours.
To change:
1. Remove drain plug (1) located just below sight

glass (2) on gearbox cover.
2. Drain oil and replace plug. 3
3. Add MPL at fill (3) until cold oil is halfway up
sight glass (2).
NOTICE: Fill capacity is 2.4 pt (1 L). Do not t39om072w.eps
overfill.
IMPORTANT: Do not drain oil from plow vibrator

when hot. Let vibrator cool before removing
drain plug.
1000 Hour
1000 Hour
Location Task Notes
TRACTOR Change ground drive transmission oil 4 pt (1.9 L) MPL
Change ground drive differential oil 4.5 qt (2.1 L) MPL
Check engine PCV valve
Change Ground Drive Transmission Oil
Change ground drive transmission oil every 1000

hours.
To change:
1. Drain oil at drain plug (2) and replace plug.

2. Fill with MPL to level of fill plug opening (1).
Capacity is 4 pints (1.9 L).
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Change Differential Oil
Change differential oil every 1000 hours.
To change oil:
1. Drain oil at plug (2) and replace plug.

2. Fill with MPL to level of fill plug opening (1).
Capacity is 4.5 pt (2.1 L).
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1000 Hour
Check PCV Valve
Check PCV valve every 1000 hours. To check:
1. Remove the PCV valve from the valve cover

with the hose still attached.
2. Shake the valve: if it rattles, it is good. If it does
not rattle, replace it. Always replace the hose
with the PCV valve.
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2000 Hour Service
2000 Hour Service

Location Task Notes
TRACTOR Change engine coolant
Change spark plugs See engine operator’s

manual for more information.
Change PCV valve See engine operator’s

manual for more information.
Tractor
Change Engine Coolant
1
Change coolant every 2 years or 2000 hours. 2
See Recommended Coolant on page 89.
To change coolant:
1. Locate drains at the side of the radiator

tanks.
2. Remove fill cap and drain coolant and close
drain valves.
3. Fill with approved coolant to the bottom of
radiator fill neck. Capacity is 1.5 gal (5.7 L). 3
4. Inspect radiator cap and replace if seal is t39om039w.eps
damaged.
5. Install cap.
6. Fill coolant overflow bottle with approved coolant to half full.
7. Run engine with thermostat open (>185°F/ 85°C engine temperature) for several minutes.
8. Stop engine and let cool completely.
9. Remove cap and fill with coolant to the bottom of the fill neck. Replace cap.
10. Clean debris from radiator cooling fins using compressed air or pressurized water.
NOTICE:
• To prevent engine damage, it is extremely important that different coolants not be mixed or
interchanged without extreme care. It is strongly recommended that a single brand and type of
coolant be used consistently for all service and maintenance.
• Should it be necessary to switch coolant brands or types, all residual coolant must first be carefully
flushed from the cooling system. Failure to properly flush old coolant may result in engine failure.
• Do not use water as coolant.
2000 Hour Service
Change Spark Plugs
Change spark plugs every 2000 hours. To

change spark plug:
1. Disconnect the ignition coil.

2. Remove the spark plug.
3. Use a feeler gauge to set gap on new spark
plug to 0.028-0.031 in (0.70-0.80 mm)
4. Install new spark plug and tighten to 20 ft-lb
(27 N-m).
IMPORTANT: When reassembling, install the

ignition coil inside the spark plug terminal t39om067w.eps
firmly. Make sure that the wiring and the

ignition coil are correctly connected.
Change PCV Valve
Change PCV valve every 2000 hours. To change:
1. Remove the PCV valve and hose from the

valve cover (shown).
2. Install the new PCV valve with new hose.
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As Needed
As Needed
Location Task Notes
TRACTOR Refuel
Check wheel lug nut torque 90 ft•lb (122 N•m)
Check and adjust parking brake
TRENCHER Check trencher mounting bolts
Check digging teeth and bits
Replace digging chain
PLOW Clean plow blade feed tube
Check plow arm pins and bushings
Check plow attachment mounting bolts 240 ft•lb (324 N•m)
Replace plow blade
REEL Check reel carrier arms and cable guides

CARRIER
DRILL Lube shaft, coupler and u-joint MPG

As Needed
Refuel

To help avoid injury, observe the following precautions while refueling.
• Do not refuel with the engine running.

• Touch an unpainted metal surface to discharge any static electricity. Sparks resulting from static
electricity can cause fuel vapors to ignite while refueling.
• Always hold the grips on the fuel tank cap and turn it slowly to remove it. A whooshing sound
may be heard when the fuel tank is loosened. Wait until the sound cannot be heard before fully
removing the cap. In hot weather, pressurized fuel may spray out the filler neck and cause
injury.
• Do not allow anyone that has not discharged static electricity from their body to come close to
an open fuel tank.
• Do not inhale vaporized fuel. Fuel contains substances that are harmful if inhaled.
• Do not smoke while refueling the unit. Doing so may cause the fuel to ignite and cause a fire.
• Do not return to the vehicle or touch any person that is statically charged. This may cause static
electricity to build up, resulting in a possible ignition hazard.
• Securely insert the fuel nozzle into the fuel filler neck. If fuel is added with the nozzle slightly
lifted away from the fuel filler neck, the automatic shutoff function may not operate, resulting in
fuel overflowing from the tank.
• Do not spill fuel during refilling. Doing so may damage the unit, such as causing the exhaust
system to operate abnormally or damaging fuel system components or the unit’s painted
surface.
Refuel unit as needed. To refuel:
1. Turn engine switch off and let the engine cool

for 3-5 min.
2. Open fuel cap.
3. Insert fuel nozzle and add fuel.
4. Install fuel cap and turn until you hear a click.
NOTICE: If cap becomes damaged, only

replace with a Kelch 203325 vented fuel cap
(p/n 362-1481).
As Needed
Check Wheel Lug Nut Torque
Check wheel lug nut torque before each use.

Tighten to 90 ft•lb (122 N•m).
Check and Adjust Parking Brake
Check and adjust parking brake as needed.
To adjust:
1. Remove orange sleeve with brake released.

2. Turn handle clockwise to tighten. Do not
overtighten.
3. Replace sleeve.
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Trencher
Check Trencher Mounting Bolts
Check bolts every 10 hours. Tighten to 310 ft•lb

(420 N•m).
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As Needed
Check Digging Chain Teeth and Bits
Check teeth (1) for wear every 10 hours. Replace

worn teeth, using Ditch Witch replacement parts
and maintaining original tooth pattern.
Check chain every 10 hours. Replace worn or

broken chains. If sidebars (2) are bent or loose on
chain pins (3), chain spacers should be used to
join sidebars.
For more efficient digging, contact your Ditch Witch

dealer for information about the tooth pattern best
suited to your jobsite.
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IMPORTANT: If using rock chain bits, check that bits rotate freely. Clean chain and check bits after each
use. Replace bit when carbide cap or insert is worn or adapter can be damaged.
Replace Digging Chain
Visually check digging chains for wear on rollers

and sidebars (2). Check pins (3) and bushing wear
by measuring distance between chain pins and
comparing it with a new chain. Also check digging
teeth (1).
IMPORTANT: Replace sprockets when a new

chain is installed.
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As Needed
To remove chain:
1. Fasten and adjust seat belt.

2. Start tractor. See page 44 for proper start-up
procedures.
3. Move attachment direction/speed control until
digging chain connector pin is on top of boom.
4. Lower boom to ground.
7. Roller booms: Secure chain by clamping links on
either side of connector pin with chain jaws
(shown). Squeeze jaws to reduce pressure on
connector pin.
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Sprocket booms: Lock rear idler sprocket.
8. Loop cable through links nearest connector pin.
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Pressurized fluid or air could pierce skin and cause

severe injury. Refer to operator’s manual for proper use.
NOTICE: Service digging boom grease cylinder only while standing on opposite side of boom.
Wear gloves and safety glasses, and cover fitting with cloth when relieving pressure in cylinder.
9. Loosen plug on grease cylinder or turn tension bolts counterclockwise to relieve chain tension.
10. Stand clear of chain and remove lock key from connector pin. Drive connector pin out of link.
As Needed

11. Unclamp links. Slowly release cable and lower chain to ground.
12. Lay chain on ground with teeth down.
To install chain:
1. Lay chain on ground with teeth down and pointed toward unit. Loop cable through end links.
2. Fasten and adjust seatbelt.
5. Move ground drive control to reverse.
6. Back unit up until chain extends past head shaft about 1’ (305 mm).
7. Move ground drive control to neutral.
8. Lower boom to horizontal position.
11. Pull rear end of chain over tail roller or sprocket.
12. Pull until chain is in place on boom.
13. Move chain down boom until chain connector pin and lock key can be installed. Install connector pin
and lock key.
14. Tighten chain by pumping EPG into grease cylinder.
As Needed
Plow
Clean Plow Feed Tube
Clean feed tube every 10 hours.
t39om023w.eps
Check Plow Arm Pins and Bushings
Check plow arm pins and bushings every 10

hours. Replace bushings at first sign of wear.
t39om024w.eps
Check Plow Attachment Mounting

Bolts
Check bolts every 10 hours. Tighten to 240 ft•lb

(324 N•m). Check floating cable feed bolts for
looseness or wear.
t39om025w.eps
As Needed
Replace Plow Blade
Check plow blade for wear and replace as needed.

Blade should be changed if:
• Plow toe edge is worn to a curve

• Side plates begin to peel
• Plow blade bends
• Plow blade is worn scratched or gouged.
t39om060w.eps
Remove Plow Blade
1. Position plow so blade just clears the ground.

2. Stop engine.
4. Remove keeper pins (1).
5. Remove lower plow blade pin (2).
6. Support the plow blade.
7. Remove the upper plow blade pin.
8. Remove plow blade.
Install Plow Blade

t39om026w.eps
1. If the plow blade is a vertically adjustable,

multi-depth blade, select the proper installation height.
3. Start engine (See “Start Unit” on page 44.)
4. Move throttle to low idle.
5. Lower digging boom (if equipped) to ground.
6. Raise vibrator halfway.
7. Insert plow blade, aligning blade boss with the upper pin in the vibrator housing. Use the ground to
support the toe of the blade.
8. Install upper tapered pin and keeper pins.
9. Raise the vibrator so the blade can be fitted into the lower boss of the vibrator housing.
10. Install the lower tapered pin and keeper pins.
11. Lower vibrator until blade rests on ground.
12. Stop engine.
As Needed
Reel Carrier
Check Reel Carrier Arms and Cable
Guides
Check reel carrier arms and cable guides for

damage. Replace if necessary.
t39om029w.eps
Drill
Lube Shaft, Coupler and U-joint
If tractor is equipped with optional drilling

attachment, lube shaft (2), coupler (1), and u-joints
(3) as needed. Wipe zerk clean before servicing to
prevent contamination.
t39om030w.eps
As Needed
Check Batteries
Check batteries as needed. Keep batteries clean

and terminals free of corrosion.
To clean:
1. Turn battery disconnect switch, if equipped, to

the off position.
2. Ensure that no ignition sources are near
batteries.
3. Loosen and remove battery cable clamps
carefully, negative (-) cable first.
4. Clean cable clamps and terminals to remove t39om074w.eps
dull glaze.
5. Check for signs of internal corrosion in cables. Replace battery and/or cables if damaged.
NOTICE: For the 410sx Gas, ONLY USE the following replacement battery: Optima 8004-003
(p/n 215-1165).
6. Apply MPG to terminals after cleaning to reduce corrosion.

7. Connect battery cable clamps, positive (+) cable first.
8. Tighten any loose connections.
9. Ensure that battery tiedowns are secure.
10. Turn battery disconnect switch to the on position.

• Do not create sparks and do not short across battery terminals for any reason.
• Do not operate 410sx Gas unit without battery heat shields in place.
As Needed
Charge Battery

• Use a single 12V maximum source for charging. Do not connect to rapid chargers or dual batteries.
• Use caution and wear personal protective equipment such as safety eyewear, when charging or
cleaning battery.
• Keep sparks, flames, cigarettes, or any other ignition source away from batteries at all times.
Internal contents are extremely hazardous. Leaking fluid is corrosive. Battery may be explosive at
higher temperatures.
• Always charge battery in an open area with sufficient ventilation.
• NEVER lean over battery when making connections.
• Do not allow vehicles to touch when charging.
• Do not attempt to charge a battery that is leaking, bulging, heavily corroded, frozen, or otherwise
damaged.
• NEVER short-circuit battery terminals for any reason or strike battery posts or cable terminals.
• Refer to MSDS for additional information regarding this battery.
Before You Start
Electronic components can be easily damaged by electrical surges. Jump starting can damage electronics
and electrical systems, and is not recommended. Attempt to charge the battery instead. Use quality large
diameter charging cables capable of carrying high currents (400 amps or more). Cheap cables may not
allow enough current flow to charge a dead/discharged battery.
Read all steps thoroughly and review illustration before performing procedure.
As Needed
Charging Procedure (Engine Off)
1. Park service vehicle close to disabled equipment but do not allow vehicles to touch. Set parking brake
in both vehicles.
2. Turn the ignition switch to the OFF position in both vehicles, and turn off all electrical loads. Disconnect
the machine controller.
3. Inspect battery in disabled vehicle (B) for signs of cracking, bulging, leaking, or other damage.
Connect red positive (+) charging cable clamp to positive (+) post (2) of battery in disabled vehicle first.
IMPORTANT: Some equipment may have a positive charging cable terminal (1) located
externally. If so equipped, connect red positive (+) charging cable clamp to terminal.
4. Connect the other red positive (+) charging cable clamp to positive (+) post of battery (A) in the service
vehicle.
5. Connect black negative (-) cable clamp to negative (-) post of battery (A) in service vehicle.
6. Connect the other black negative (-) cable clamp to the engine or frame ground on the disabled
vehicle, at least 12” (305 mm) from the failed battery, as shown.
7. Operate service vehicle engine at 1500-2000 rpm for a few minutes to build an electrical charge in the
failed battery.
8. Stop engine in service vehicle.
9. Remove charging cables from the service vehicle, black negative (-) clamp first. Do not allow clamps to
touch.
10. Remove black negative (-) cable clamp from the disabled engine or frame ground first.
11. Remove red positive (+) cable clamp from the disabled vehicle positive (+) battery post last.
12. Reconnect machine controller and try to start disabled vehicle.
If the disabled vehicle did not start, check for loose or corroded battery cable connections. Poor
connections will prevent current from charging the failed battery. Clean terminals and posts if necessary
and repeat steps above.
As Needed
410sx Operator’s Manual Specifications - 125
410sx
Specifications
410sx
Dimensions * U.S. Metric
H1 Height from top of raised plow 58 in 1.5 m
Height from top of 2’ (610 mm) boom and chain 63.5 in 1.6 m
A1 Angle of departure without blade 39° 39°
Angle of departure with 2’ (610 mm) blade 17° 17°
A2 Angle of approach with trenching attachment 21° 21°
Angle of approach without trenching attachment 22° 22°
L1 Maximum length plowing with trenching attachment and 3’ 151 in 3.8 m

(915 mm) boom
L2 Maximum length plowing without trenching attachment 118 in 3.0 m
L3 Wheelbase 46 in 1.2 m
W1 Width, transport (23 x 10.50 dual tires) 56 in 1.4 m
W2 Width, transport (26 x 12-12 tires) 48.5 in 1.2 m

Specifications - 126 40sx Operator’s Manual
410sx
Centerline plow to outside edge of unit, blade centered (26 24 in 610 mm

x 12-12 tires)
D Maximum cover depth* 24 in 610 mm

Dimensions are based on unit equipped with 26 x 12-12 tires unless otherwise specified.
* Suggested maximum depth. Actual depth will depend on job requirements and soil conditions.
Operation U.S. Metric
Ground drive speeds @ high idle rpm
Maximum transit forward (26 x 12-12 tires) 2.9 mph 4.6 km/h
Maximum transit forward (23 x 10.50-12 tires) 2.5 mph 4.0 km/h
Maximum transit reverse (26 x 12-12 tires) 1.5 mph 2.5 km/h
Maximum transit reverse (23 x 10.50-12 tires) 1.3 mph 2.1 km/h
Maximum pipe or cable diameter, pull type plow blade 3 in 75 mm
Vehicle clearance circle, wall-to-wall, with trenching attachment and 18” (457 mm) plow blade
Right turn (26 x 12-12 tires) 21 ft 6.4 m
Right turn (23 x 10.50-12 tires) 20 ft 6.1 m
Left turn (26 x 12-12 tires) 19 ft 5.8 m
Left turn (23 x 10.50-12 tires) 18 ft 5.5 m
Operating weight
Basic unit weight with 18” (46 cm) plow blade and 3610 lb 1632 kg
H400 with 36” (91 cm) boom and cup tooth chain
Power U.S. Metric
Engine: Kubota® WG1605-G-E3 liquid-cooled four cylinder with electronic governor
Fuel: unleaded gasoline
Displacement 93.79 cu in 1.537 L
Bore 3.11 in 79 mm
Stroke 3.09 in 78.4 mm
Engine manufacturer’s gross power rating @ 3600 rpm (SAE J1995) 49.6 hp 37kW
Estimated net power rating @ 3600 rpm (SAE J1349) 47.6 hp 35.5 kW
410sx
Hydraulic System U.S. Metric
Ground drive pump capacity @ high idle 18.0 gpm 68.0 L/min
Ground drive pump relief pressure 4000 psi 276 bar
Attachment pump capacity @ high idle 20.3 gpm 77.0 L/min
Attachment pump relief pressure 3000 psi 207 bar
Auxiliary pump capacity at high idle 8.4 gpm 31.8 L/min
Auxiliary pump relief setting 2000 psi 138 bar
Filtration: charge full flow; 25 psi (2 bar) bypass, 10 micron nominal filter
return full flow, 15 psi (1 bar) bypass, 10 micron nominal filter
Power Train
Ground drive transmission: hydrostatic drive infinitely variable from zero to maximum, lever operated
speed/direction control
Differentials: Dana model 44 limited slip
Service brake: ground drive speed/direction control brakes machine hydraulically when moved to
neutral position
Parking brake: mechanical disc and caliper, hand-operated
Tires: Load rating at 10 mph (16 km/h)
26x 12-12 4-ply bar lug; inflated to 20 psi (1.38 bar) 1780 lb 807 kg
Attachment drive transmission: hydrostatic lever-operated
Battery
Group 75DT, SAE reserve capacity 110 min., SAE cold crank @ 0° F (-18° C), 800 amp
Fluid Capacities U.S. Metric
Fuel tank 8.5 gal 32.2 L
Engine oil with filter 5.5 qt 5.2 L
Coolant system 1.5 gal 5.7 L
Hydraulic reservoir 13.2 gal 50 L
Hydraulic system 15.2 gal 57.5 L
Ground drive gearbox 2.0 qt 2.0 L
Ground drive differentials 4.5 pt 2.1 L
Plow vibrator 2.4 qt 1.1 L

410sx
Attachments
H400 Trencher
Trench width 3.5-6 in 89-152 mm
Trench depth, maximum 36 in 914 mm
Boom travel up 78° 78°
Boom travel down 57° 57°
Headshaft speed w/o chain (no load 320 rpm 320 rpm
Digging chain speed 441 ft/min 134 m/min
Centerline of trench to outside edge, left 22 in 559 mm
Centerline of trench to outside edge, right 27 in 686 mm
Distance from ground to headshaft, boom up 24 in 610 mm
Distance from ground to headshaft, boom down 8 in 200 mm
Headshaft overhang (centerline of front axle to 38.5 in 980 mm

centerline of headshaft)
Reel Carrier
Width, maximum 24 in 610 mm
Diameter, maximum 36 in 635 mm
Capacity, maximum 200 lb 45.4 kg
Roto Witch® Drilling Attachment
Bore diameter 1.75 - 12 in 45-305 mm
Motor displacement 18.7 in3 5 m3
Torque @ 3000 psi 750 ft•lb 1009 N•m
Speed, low (no load) 185 rpm 185 rpm
Speed, high (no load) 240 rpm 240 rpm

410sx
Noise Levels
Operator 91 dBA sound pressure per ISO 6394
Exterior 105 dBA sound power per ISO 6393
Vibration
Average vibration transmitted to the operator’s hand during normal trenching operation is 4.4 m/sec2.
Average vibration transmitted to the operator’s hand during normal plowing operation is 9.54 m/sec2.
Unless otherwise specified, all figures are for standard equipment only.
Specifications are called out according to SAE recommended procedures. Specifications are general and subject to change without
notice. If exact measurements are required, equipment should be weighed and measured. Due to selected options, delivered
equipment may not necessarily match that described.
410sx
410sx Operator’s Manual Support - 131
Procedure
Support
Procedure
Notify your dealer immediately of any malfunction or failure of Ditch Witch® equipment.
Always give model, serial number, and approximate date of your equipment purchase. This information
should be recorded and placed on file by the owner at the time of purchase.
Return damaged parts to dealer for inspection and warranty consideration if in warranty time frame.
Order genuine Ditch Witch replacement or repair parts from your authorized Ditch Witch dealer. Use of
another manufacturer's parts may void warranty consideration.
Resources
Publications
Contact your Ditch Witch dealer for publications and videos covering safety, operation, service, and repair
of your equipment.
Ditch Witch® Training

For information about on-site, individualized training, contact your Ditch Witch dealer.
Warranty - 132 410sx Operator’s Manual
Warranty
Ditch Witch® Equipment and Replacement Parts
Limited Warranty Policy
Subject to the limitation and exclusions herein, free replacement parts will be provided at any authorized Ditch Witch dealership for
any Ditch Witch equipment or parts manufactured by the Ditch Witch factory that fail due to a defect in material or workmanship within
one (1) year of first commercial use. Free labor will be provided at any authorized Ditch Witch dealership for installation of parts under
this warranty during the first year following “initial commercial” use of the serial-numbered Ditch Witch equipment on which it is
installed. The customer is responsible for transporting their equipment to an authorized Ditch Witch dealership for all warranty work.
Exclusions from Product Warranty

• All incidental or consequential damages.
• All defects, damages, or injuries caused by misuse, abuse, improper installation, alteration, neglect, or uses other than those for
which products were intended.
• All defects, damages, or injuries caused by improper training, operation, or servicing of products in a manner inconsistent with
manufacturer’s recommendations.
• All engines and engine accessories (these are covered by original manufacturer’s warranty).
• Tires, belts, and other parts which may be subject to another manufacturer’s warranty (such warranty will be available to
purchaser).
• ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES NOT EXPRESSLY STATED HEREIN, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND MERCHANTABILITY.
IF THE PRODUCTS ARE PURCHASED FOR COMMERCIAL PURPOSES, AS DEFINED BY THE UNIFORM COMMERCIAL
CODE, THEN THERE ARE NO WARRANTIES WHICH EXTEND BEYOND THE FACE HEREOF AND THERE ARE NO IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHICH EXTEND TO A COMMERCIAL BUYER. ALL OTHER PROVISIONS OF THIS LIMITED
WARRANTY APPLY INCLUDING THE DUTIES IMPOSED.
Ditch Witch products have been tested to deliver acceptable performance in most conditions. This does not imply they will deliver
acceptable performance in all conditions. Therefore, to assure suitability, products should be operated under anticipated working
conditions prior to purchase.
Defects will be determined by an inspection within thirty (30) days of the date of failure of the product or part by Ditch Witch Product
Support (DWPS) or its authorized dealer. DWPS will provide the location of its inspection facilities or its nearest authorized dealer
upon inquiry. DWPS reserves the right to supply remanufactured replacements parts under this warranty as it deems appropriate.
Extended warranties are available upon request from your local Ditch Witch dealer or the Ditch Witch factory.
Some states do not allow exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so above limitation of exclusion may not
apply. Further, some states do not allow exclusion of or limitation of how long an implied warranty lasts, so the above limitation may
not apply. This limited warranty gives product owner specific legal rights and the product owner may also have other rights which vary
from state to state.
For information regarding this limited warranty, contact the DWPS department, P.O. Box 66, Perry, OK 73077-0066, or contact your
local dealer.
First version: 1/91; Latest version: 8/16

410sx Operator’s Manual Service Record - 135
Service Record
Service Performed Date Hours
Service Record - 136 410sx Operator’s Manual
Service Performed Date Hours

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410sx

CMW® Issue 4.0 053-2678

About This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Serial Number Location

H400 trencher serial number (3)

410sx tractor serial number (2)

Engine serial number (1)

1. Operator console 5. Frame lock

1. Feed tube 3. Sod cutter (optional)

1. Digging chain 3. Digging boom

1. Front reel carrier

Right and left sides of machine are determined by

About This Manual

The Charles Machine Works, Inc.

Thank you for buying and using Ditch Witch equipment.

Issue number 4.0/OM-05/18

Copyright 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018

Systems and Equipment 79

Complete the Job 85

Service Record 135

California Proposition 65 Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Safety Alert Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Machine Safety Alerts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Follow these guidelines before operating any jobsite equipment:

California Proposition 65 Warning

• battery posts, terminals and related accessories

Jobsite hazards could cause death or serious injury. Use

EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN - Release all controls and stop engine.

Electric Strike Description

Electric shock will cause death or serious injury. Stay

When working near electric cables, remember the following:

If any of these occur, assume an electric strike has occurred.

If an Electric Line is Damaged

If a Gas Line is Damaged

Fire or explosion possible. Fumes could ignite and cause

Explosion possible. Serious injury or equipment damage could occur.

If a Fiber Optic Cable is Damaged

If Machine Catches on Fire

Safety Alert Classifications

Watch for two other words: NOTICE and IMPORTANT.

Machine Safety Alerts

Misuse of machine can cause death or serious

Jobsite hazards could cause death or serious

Fire or explosion possible. Fumes could ignite and

Fire or explosion possible. Shut engine off before

Moving parts. Crushing could cause death or

Moving parts. Contact can cause serious injury.

Tiedown location. See Transport chapter for more information.

Lift point. See Transport chapter for more information.

Turning shaft will kill you or crush arm or leg. Stay

Fire or explosion possible. Do not use starter fluid.

Hot parts may cause burns. Do not touch until cool

Moving digging teeth can kill. Trench cave-in can

DANGER decal. See Parts Manual for replacement part numbers.

DANGER stripe decal. See Parts Manual for replacement part

Turning shaft will kill you or crush arm or leg. Stay

1. Alarm speaker 7. Parking brake

Item Description Notes

1. Alarm speaker Sounds to alert operator of a