WORKBOOI(

SUPER ADVANCED

-. : .r'

"t,
a-

DEIRD RE HOWARD-WILLIAMS
MICHAEL VINCE
t
PROSPECTS
WORKBOOK
I
t SUPER ADVANCED
\

It..

DEI RDRE HOWARD-WI LLIAMS

MARY TOMALIN
MICHAEL VI NCE
Macmillan Education
Between Towns Road, Oxford OX4 3PP
A division of Macmillan Publishers Limited
Companies and representatives throughout the world

rsBN l 4050 0380 4

Text@Deirdre Howard-Williams, Mary Tomalin and
Michael Vince
Design and illustration @ Macmillan Publishers Limited 2002

First published 2002

All rights reserved; no part ofthis publication may be reproduced, stored in a

retrieval system, transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of the publishers.

Designed by KenVail Graphic Design, Cambridge UK

Illustrations by Linda Rogers Associates (Peter Gray, Terry McKenna, Mark
di Meo)

Picture Research by Suzanne Williams

Original cover design by Oxprint Design

Cover illustration by Oxprint Design

The authors and publishers would like to thank the following for
permission to reproduce their photographs:
The Bridgeman Art Library p l0c (Armada Portrait, c.1588, oil on panel.
Private Collection); Corbis pp 9 (Bettmann), l0l Juan de Juanes The Saviour,
l0r (Bettmann). I I (Flip Schulke), l9 (Owaki - Kulla), 42tr (Bryan
Pickering/Eye Ubiquitous), 42tl (Richard T. Nowitz),42b (Geoffrey
Thunton/Cordaiy Photo Library Ltd.), 63 (Moshe Shai), 77 (Darren Winter);
Katz PicturesffSP p 72 (GammaAVestenbergerlLiaison); Kobal Collection p
74; Photofest/MTV: Photofest NY(212) 6334330 ) p 86; PA Photos p 67
(Kim Myung); Popperfoto p 8l (Reuters/Kieran Doherty)

Printed and bound in Romania

2006 2005 2004 2003 2002

10987654321

Note to Students
Whenever this symbol follows a question, you will need to
use a notepad or Paper for the longer written resPonse
that is required.

*<E
Contents

Unit
I Changing world 4
Unit
2 Absolute power 9
Unit
3 High drama 14
Unit
4 American dream 18
Unit
5 Burning ambition 23
Unit
6 Time travel 27
Unit
7
A question of class 3t
Unit
8 Down under 35
Llnit
9
Typically English 47
unir
10 Positive thinking +>
unit
11 \(/omen's work 49
unir
12 Comic relief 53
unit Unrequited love 58
13
unit Crime doesn't pay 53
14
unit Star qualiry 67
15
unit Gothic horror 72
1[,
unir
17 Dark secret 77
rhir Fantasy world 81
18
unit Eternal youth 86
tp
unrt
t[ Travel bug 91
Glossary of literary terms 96

3
 Changing world
1

1 Reading
Read this article about the house of the future and then answer the questions that follow.

A peaceful Swiss village one hours drive still driving home. example, you don't need to go shopping as
from Zurich is the rather surprising setting for The house is part of a three-year project the house can read the bar codes of empty
Europe s first inhabited 'smart house' where to see how people live with and react to new food packets in the bin and then fonrvard a
the lifestyle of the future is being tested by a technology. The couple s job is to test the shopping list t0 the supermarket. When a
family of four living in a fully automated devices, discover their weaknesses and make courier arrives with the food, the delivery can
'internet home'. suggestions for improvements. The house be left in a 'Skybox'- a large box with
The couple and their two teenage intentionally looks just like a normal house special compartments for frozen food - while
children have not regretted the move for a from the outside and is designed to show a text message or email informs the family
moment. The house looks after their every that you can have a normal life with top that it has arrived.
need and can even check their health by technology, not being controlled by it, but Life is also safer. The front door is opened
taking samples to test every time they use directing the technology to suit your own by a fingerprint system and the entire house
the bathroom and warning if a trip to the lifestyle. can be monitored by mobile phone. lf you're
doctors is advisable. They can recline on a All the household appliances can be worried that you may not have turned the
sofa with a builtin massager while todays operated by computers, mobile phones or oven off, you can just get the house to check.
newspaper is projected on the wall via the touch pads - from all around the house and And no need t0 g0 out t0 queue up for the
internet and an automatic mower keeps the from practically anywhere in the world via a cinema - the television has Dolby Surround
lawn in perfect condition. A mobile phone 24-hour internet connection. The technology Sound and projects the image onto the walls.
call to the house orders the cooker t0 start makes living much simpler and does away So sit back and enjoy the latest videos while
heating up the evening meal while they are with many basic household chores. For the house takes care of all the rest.

a The article would benefit from a title. Suggest one that c The words appliance and deoice are both used in the
would get the readert attention. passage with similar meanings. Can you match the €orrect
one with each definition?

b Find the following ten words. The first letter of each is 1 An object that has been invented for a particular purpose
given. See if you can think of the word yourself before
looking back at the passage. 2 A machine that does a particular job in your home

1s a small quantity of something

that can be used for examination. d Choose the correct word (appliance(s) or device(s)) to
2 c unpleasant or boring tasks. complete these sentences:
3 f to sit leaning back.
a pattern of stripes printed on a
1 W'e need to have our gas serviced
4 b
regularly.
product.
I an area of grass kept short, often
2 Computers are for handling or
5
processing information.
in a garden.
c a person who delivers letters,
3 Television advertising is a very effective
6
for stimulating demand
parcels or supplies.
4 Keep all electrical out of the reach
7 m checked regularly
of children.
8 a worked by machine without
5 There are hundreds of Patented
human intervention. t

for extracting energy from waves.

9 m- a machine that cuts the grass.
10 s- the surroundings for a building,
event, story.

4
 Unit
1

2 Writing 3 Vocabulary: The odd word out

a Summarise the passage in no more than 50 words. Here are some words from Unit I of the Student's Book'
Circle the odd one out in each group, and explain
your choice.

7 bysteria panic 'alarm euPboria

2 ferment sbimmer stir bubbub

3 accwation grieuance enquiry protest

b Make the article more lively by adding some quotes from
the family living there to create a final paragraph. Put
some suitable words into the mouths of the husband, wife
and at least one of the children.
4 lime dazzle ocbre cbestnut

e.9. The teenage daughkr thinks the house is reallg 'cool'.

'l iust love the sound sustem and it's greot lo osk mg friends
round ond know wetl netet tun out of coke or crisps,'she 5 warning allegiance ultimatunx demand
sags.'lf thehouse could onlg do mg homework for me, it'd be
just pefiectl'

c
{<t
lmagine you've just read this article and have decided to
6 bawl reasonable mild guileless

write to the editor expressing your opinion and pointing

out what you see to be some of the drawbacks. You could 4 Vocabulary: Talking about change
consider such issues as cost, the need to constantly update
technology, the danger of children getting lazy and
a Here are nine verbs that are often used to talk about
change. Write the noun from each verb next to it.
uncreative etc.
increase
Start your letter as follows and end wilh Yoursfafilcfully.
Aim for about 20G-250 words. decrease
improve
deteriorate
The Edrtor
decline
Deor Sr, widen
phase out
Irend wlth Lntare,st gour reent
afiicLe on fuLLg
autpmotnd lhing ond whlLe I progress
understonO peoplt
enthusiosm for tlr-, smort house, enlarge
I otro tt't to
point out some of t}r- ptentioLdrawback
"f,orfO
... b Now nine nouns associated with change. Write the
corresponding verb for each one:
extension

{<r lrr
{
v
\ DA
h F g/
introduction
build-up
) \\IJ
weakening
(( \li,
raising
D .,\,i,
expansion
b
shrinking
reduction
o cuts
\ A
5
 Unit
1

c Use the words from 4a and 4b to comment on changes in

your country in the areas of education, crime, marriage or
6 Gap passage
work. Remember to use suitable adjectives and adverbs Write one suitable word in each numbered space to
(dramatic ,/ stead.y ,/ constant,/ sbarl, / gradual / complete this passage.
general et<.1
e.g. The numbet of students aL unltrersltg is expondi.ng every It would seem an undeniable [1]
geor but mong peopLe wy fhe LeyeL of educ,otLon ttreg recebte Ls that technology and science have been responsible for
ropidlg deterLorotlng. There has been o sharp reduclionLn mankind's slow [2] from the caves
student gronts whi.ch has leod to a dromatic Lnoeose Ln of the Stone Age to the high-rise buildings of the
student debt. twentieth century. Beginning with primitive man,s
I3l of fire and his first attempts at
*<E tool-making, humans have sought ways of mastering
their environment. The [4]
-.--=.--__- of the
5 Style and usage: Similes
wheel, the development of agriculture, the invention of
the printing pre$s, the discovery that electricity can
Using similes can be an effective way of making your t51 harnessed - each new advance
writing more vivid and interesting - but be careful neither has added to man's growing ascendance over his world.
to overuse them nor to have too much recourse to clich6s. At the start of the twenty-fust century, much of the
Note how similes are introduced by ltke I as I as if. Western world lives in a [6] of
Complete the following sentences with a suitably comfort unimaginable even fifty years ago. Agricultural
stimulating simile: methods have advanced to the [7]
that land previously [8] of feeding
e.g. IIe ran doutn tbe lrill. ., Li.ke o dog fLnallg Let off the
hundreds can now feed thousands. Communication
Leod / as if the winds of change were blowing ot his back.
between opposite sides of the planet can take
1 She srriled at him teI instantaneously. We are on the
t10l of cloning human beings, a
2 During the film they cried scientific brealrthrough that twenty years ago seemed
IlrI fiction.
And yet it is science's very advances [12]
3 The rain fell all day
most threaten our future as a species. Recent reports
from America's top scientific institutions make dire
4 The car stopped at the lights predictions about the speed at [13]
global warming is taking place. It is possible that the
5 People bought Christmas presents that year polar ice caps will melt, [141
catastrophic flooding worldwide. If these events occur,
6 The city lay beneath me it is science and the pollution that science creates that
will have [151 them about. Yet the
world is t16l much in love with rhe
aaaaaaaaaaaallaataaaaaaooaaalaaaoa beneflts that science brings to [17]
a a
a Pause for thought a
a
the changes that we need to halt climate change.
a I18l , for over half a century now, we
a "God, gfue us tbe serenlty to accept u)lcat cannot be a
a
cbanged;
a
a
have lived with-- threat of nuclear annihilation,
the
a seemingly incapable of [19]
a the
a Gloe us tbe courage to cbange wbat sbould be cbanged;
a t weapons of mass destruction. Science, the great
I
Gioe us tbe utlsdom to dlstinguisb oneftom tbe otber"' I
a benefactor, may [201 be our
a Reinhold Niebuhr, proyer soid to hove been firsl PUblished in l95l
a I destroyer.
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaatt"""

6
 Unit
1

7 Written commentarY
pairs of sentences as a single sentence, so
When the sirens sounded, Maria, who was clearing the meaning stays the same. lf possible, rewrite each
the kitchen, jumped, as she always did. Apart from that different ways: (i) With a prepositional relative
one startled reaction, she did not hesitate but went into in the middle of the sentence (ii) With the preposition
her practised routine. She picked up the baby, who was of the sentence. Put commas in where necessary.
playing on a blanket on the kitchen floor, and, holding him l.racl
under one arm, seized the ready-packed backpack that
lay on a chair and heaved it on to her back, calling her (i)
children as she did so. The two girls ran to her from the
bedroom, where they had been resting. Dark circles
under their eyes attested to nights of broken sleep, but ( ii)
there was a trust, also, in those eyes, that both wounded
and moved her immeasurably. 2 The guests enioyed themsclves imncnsely'. Many of
'Let's go!' she shouted, and the three of them ran out them hacl never met hefore.
of the front door of the flat, the eldest girl not forgetting to (i)
close the door behind them. Down five sets of stairs they
clattered, part of a stream of women and children who ran
beside them, each praying that they would reach the be trusted. You bought the picture
safety of the cellar before the big bang that might signify from the man
their end.
Once down there, the women turned on torches, and
calling their children to them, put their arms round them (ii)
for warmth. The roar of the bomber planes could be
heard beneath the sound of the sirens and Maria silently
cursed the men who brought the bombs. 4 The books needed to be taken back tr., thc liltran', She

'May their families suffer as ours do,' she whtspered, had enjoyed none of thetn.
and then regretted the thought, telling herself that she (i)
would never wish harm on innocent children.
'When will it stop, lVum?'asked her eldest daughter
through chattering teeth, for she was unable to stop
shaking.
Maria gave her a big sloppy kiss on the cheek. 'Soon,'
she lied. 'Soon.' (ii)

turned out to have lrcen stolen. Ile l-racl

Comment in about 200-250 words upon the text above. flat w'ith this n.roney.
Use the questions below to help you. Remember to give
reasons for your opinions, and to back up your statements
with examples from the text. (ii)
1 V/here is the text taken from, do you think?
2 \Vhat is the sublect matter of the text? His Mercecles was damaged beyond repair. He had paid
3 From whose point of view is the text written? \[hat is the enormous sum for his Mercccles.
effect of this?
4 Do you find the passage sentimental or realistic?
5 \flhat is the effect of this text on you, the reader?
(ii)
{<E

1 a
I /
 Unit
I
necetsary. d Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the

1 You are talking about something meaning stays the same.

.-..-- I
don't understand. 1 V/here would we go if rhe city was invaded?
2 He never believes what I say. Supposing
makes me furious.
soldiers made their
2 You shouldn't have become so hvsterical
You oright
4 The vase you are holding happens
to be priceless.
5 He u'as an old an<l unhappy man, 3 They forbade people to promenade in the central square
no one cared fbr. People weren't
6 The millionaire burned
one. 4 They told us that the allies had been defeated.
he wished \7hat
to say was instantly clear to her-
8 There was a time it was unwise to
5 It seems clear that the army has withdrawn from the city.
The army must

6 t0fhat changed people's reactions?

'Vhat caused

7 The end ofJune brought a dry and dusry heat.

June ended
she set out to

8 I have never experienced such deadening heat before.

Never

3 I would pret'er it if you made 1.our enquiries elsewhere.

RATHER c Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form.

1 If I (know) _ what
(happen) the previous day, I
4 The accusation that he had deliberately deceived her _never (go) there.
upset him. BY 2 We finally (realise) that the man
we (lnvite) for an interview had
no intention of (take) the job.
5 I really regret having decided to remain in the city I Although I saw them (whtsper)
WISH to one another I (hrve) no idea
what they (plan)
4 I recently (consider) (take
out) life insurance but my
6 The last hearwave was five years ago. SINCE
husband (not fecl) it (to be
worth)
(make) the payments
7 They refused to agree to the ultimatum. VOULD 5 By the time they (get round to)
(perform) the operation, he
(be) seriously ill
8 Although many seemed terrified by the news, she 6 It's sk o'clock and although I
(work) all day I
remained qtrite calnl. DESPITE
(achieve) almost nothing.
7 Where's John? He might (work)
in the office, I'11 ring and check.

8
 Absolute powef
E
l*:,Y

2 :{

I
ffic
1 Reading d
* q

Who would you vote for as the man or woman of the last
i

millennium? Read the following Passage and then answer

the questions that follow.

a Read each of the following statements. lf it is true,

according to the article, write TRUE. tf false, write FALSE
and correct the statement. If there isn't enough
Gutenberg is man of information in the article to decide, write I CANNOT TELL'
I polt of
the millennium 1 Gutenberg was voted tnan of the millenniurn by
the British public.

M:i:?,:[fl"r,",#::J$":x"fl ,:::i.':l'f;uo*
propose to
most powerfulworld leaderswere asked
past 1,000 years' 2 Gutenberg lived in the fifteenth century
the most significant figures of the
s ng'
the resu lts were often unexpected and surpri
i

president, voted for

Boris Yeltsin, the former Russian
built the 3 Elizabeth I was the highest-placed woman.
Andrei Sakl'rarov, the Soviet scientistwho
rest of his life
first Russian H-bomb and then sp€nt the
protesting against it, winnirg the Nobel peaceprize
Clinton
in 1975. White House sources said that Bill 4 Barbie was the second highest-placed woman.
Kennedy'
considered Martin Luther King and John F
of
1eforegivlng his vote to Thomas Jefterson, author
the American Declaration of lndependence'
5 Jesus Christ and Mohammed had the same number of
was, howaner, scientists and engineers, rather
It
biggest !'otes.
than politicians or artists, who have made the
the millennium' The
overall contribution to shaping
clear winner was Johann Gutenberg, the mediaeval

German goldsmith who invented the printing press' 6 Politicians got the most number of votes.
years, he
although at a distance of six hundred
remains a semi-mythical figure. His great contribution
was to creale a universal form of communication
and
7 Andrei Sakharov is now dead.
Tim
he has been mentioned in the same breath as
Bemers'Lee,the Briton wtro devised the\(orld \fide
V/eb. Both have been central to the spread of
8 Bill Clinton thought Martin Luther King was tnorc
knowledge. important than John F. Kennedy.
Visionaries such as Leonardo da Vinci, Galileo and
Albert Einstein were high on the list as were religious
leaders, Jesus Christ held a special place together
with Mohammed, the 7th century founder of lslam' 9 Tfun Berners-Lee was a contemporary of Gutenberg.
Iherewere'few women, with only Queen Elizabeth I
making the top 20, though aren Barlcie got one vote
as not just a doll but'an image of a can-do woman'' 10 Gutenberg won because he is semi-mythical

t
O unit
ll
b Explain in your own words what is meant by each of the
following phrases: 3 Vocabulary
I the biggest overall contribution to shaping the a Complete each of these sentences with a word, or words,
millennium derived lrom pouter.
1 The car's heacllights lit up the
road in front.
2 I stood there warching and unable to help, feeling
absolutcly
2 mentioned in the same breath as
3 The management of the factory had to agree to
some q,ith the unions to end the
strike.
4 Solar cars may be the transport of
the future, as the sun's energy is limitless.
3 an image of a can-do woman
5 I couldn't use my computer as there was no
in the hotel room.
6 Damage to the cables caused a fwo-hour
to the whole building.
7 Protestors waited outside the nuclear
c Why did Gutenberg win? Do you think he deserved first to stop the workers starting
place? Why or why not? their shift.
8 The n'hizzed across the bay
ptrlling n'ater-skiers lrchind them.

b For each of the words below, think of another that has the
same meaning. The rhyming clues will help. The missing
words all appear in Unit 2 of the Student! Book.

I stockv (rhymes with lot)

2 calf n.reat (rhymes with feel)
3 expand_ (rhymes with bell)
4 hesitate_ (rhymes with butter)

2 Writing ) deep breath (rhymes with my)

6 u,onderment (rhymes with bore)
Who would you choose to be man or woman of the new 1 (rhymes rvith rush)
millennium (so far)?
8 idea (rhymes with mint)
Think of somebody who has already made a powerful 9 boss (rhymes with thieD
contribution to life since the year 2000 and describe some
10 a*{ul (rhymes with howl)
of what they have done and why you think it is so
important. Aim for 100-150 words.

{<t il
ff*u.t E
n il
E
L ) ea
I
l
B
D
.!
7' REf,'
L
'Y*"
f,
hf
10

I
 Unit Q
L

4 Use of English
aaaaaaaaaoaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.
a
a Pause for thought
a
a
Read the following Passage closely and fill in each space a
i
a "You onljt ltante pouter ooer people as long as you don't
with an appropriate word (one word only). a a
a take eoerytbtng autay Jtom tbettt But utben you'ue a
After the horrr>rs of the second [11 '*'ar a robbed a rnan of eoerytbtng be's no longer ln your ,
a
ancl the resulting climate of suspicion about the dangers of a power -be'sfree agabt' a
a
leadership, a chilling psychological c'xperiment was carried a Alexonder Solzhenitsyn: lhe First Circle 1968 a
a a
tzl in the United States' v)lunteers
...aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaoaa* +
t3l told to ask questions of a ntan
strapped into a chair [4]
electrode on his arm. If he got a question wrong,
an
the
5 Gap passage
volunteer was told to administer increasingly powerftl Write one suitable word in each numbered space.
t5l shocks. It was a trick, as the man
in the cl-,air rvas [61
was [71
actor and there
electric charge. Yet in GBOUP DECI'ION'
of his mountin{a screalns ol pain If you ask a small group of strangers to
18l
650/o of the volunteers were persuaded to punish him for
[,] .--=---.-----= to a decision about something _
say, choose [2]
wrong answers [91 increasing the . two different courses
charge to the lethal maximum of 450 volts'
ot action - then [3] happens nearly
The result of this experiment produced the following always follows tt rum" putt*.-Eitt * u A.rnirun,
"
individual takes control
cr>nclusion: nr()st people can easily [101 [4] the
lecl, or pressurised, into acts of unbelievable cmelty. This group and imposes on it a wa.y of approaching
the task,
tlrl ttrrn lecl to rt str()ltg ltltti-lcll(le.r usually asking for agreement in the process.
fi'cling arrrl tlrc lrlicl Il2l :tll rlc't istons [5] -----------..----.-- one or two individuals
shottlcl lrc tttrttlc t'orttrttttttltll\. t6l forced into this role, if thev feel
that nothing [7]
What's your reaction to this experiment? What do you is being achieved,
even [8]
think it shows about human nature and power? (limit they may not obviously
wish to do this
yourself to about 50 words)
There are several factors which influence
tel
Setting a time limit for"" the emergenc" of
"un i t.ua..,
tl0l _
can the perceptions that
,".G[t*" orJt t1 orher. For
example, members of a group may difer
to someone wl,o
looks or sounds {l2l a leader. Thc
nature of the task can also ne important,
a, group members
may become involved to a
[13] _ or

whether they find the task irt.I*in-s

o. n,rr. firutty
personality f'actors can play a role.
Some
t'.t] -----.---.-- dominant members may nor
wrsh lo rake ll6l
si bi I itr" .r'
be unwi r r i ng to' rto,. ttoirfin i*.
F G'
'd3
Er'..rlthing changes. lrowever. if the
gloup kitorv onc I l7l
..i.uuiinr..r,.,r,,r. gl-.=_-
ror.;;s1on
nrc,,rbers oi. .i:i
tvell' Irt tlii'

X
t'l alvarc
( x who is clrnrinanl and *t,o i, not.=--
t) j

,"{
.C
Hr

tt

t T
 unit
t
6 Written commentary 3 Grammar
a Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the
Tbe Scbool
Mr Grimes looked up from the desk
Bally meaning stays the same.

1 \X/e l-rad barely got indoors vr,hen it started raining.

and stared over the top of his
spectacles at Hargreaves, who Barely
was staring insolently out of the
windoq as if he hadn,t a care in the
wortO. Ue couid hardly believe
his eyes! How dare this boy chaltenge
.rth;;;;;
hi, this way!
2 There has rarely been such an oppomrnity for better
Indolent beasr! He would soon relations.
find that he haa meihis match.
'Hargreaves!' His shrill voice Rarell,
cut the silence of
-- the
--' classroom
Iike a knife. 'What do you think you
are aoingi;
'looking out the window. Actually.,there 3 It was only whcn the papcrs *,ere cr>unted that we
was a ripple of gasps
and a few giggles from the other rcalist'd ()nc \\lts nrissilrg.
desks. Mr Crl*.srose to his feet,
shaking slightly. Only --
'what did you sau boy?
-
Leave the room at once., Mr
Have you taken leave ofyour
senses?
Grimes,voice rose from a controlled 4 She little knows that I have hidden the keyl
to a near_hysterical shriek. All round
:.*.,
flinched and faces bent forwards,
the room bbdies Little
hiding themselves in expecrant
anonymity. 'fhc ships all turnecl back to land l;ecause tlre rvind lvas
>
Hargreaves stood up, smiled,
and then sat down again. ,No, so stl'ong.
on
second thoughts I think I'll
stay,' he said. ,I rather like it Such
here.
Though I'm not sure that this
class is quire up to mf level.,
He
gickld un the test paper and thrust it fo*r.O *itf, ,n. ,I,ve 6 'l'hery not
hand. only broke the nindorv bllt also cl:rrnaged the
finished this, by the way. There ' '"
phrasing of rhe quesrions, and
are one ., *; ;;;l;';;'' carpet.
the whole test i, ;;; hcking in Not only
imagination. But I,ve done it anyway.
Grimes, OId Grimesey, Grim Grimes,
.
class, his mouth moving impotently.
stood at the front of the 7 The court has seldorn heard such an unlikely explanation.
look at him, that cocky new Seldonr
boy is going to get it now. Watch
out, all hell is going to nreat
loose. He'll make mincemeat out
of him for sure.
Hargreaves stood up again briefly. ,Oh,
I \]i'e had hardly finished parking the car when a traffic
sorry, Sir, I forgot to warden arrived.
mention one other thing. All this shouting
and bullying, it won,t do, Harclly
you know. It's what my father
would call ieducationally counter_
productive'.' He paused for effect. ,My
father, the Minister of
Education, you know.' He bowed 9 You shouldn't disconnect the green wires under any
slightry and resumed his seat.
circumstances.
From the other side ofthe school,
far away,could be heard the
sound of faint applause.

b Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in

Comment in about 200-250 words upon the text. Use the capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.
questions below to help. Give reasons for your opinions 1 Napoleon only attacked rvhen the enemy forces were
and back your statements with examples from the text. preparing a meal. DII)
1 Vhere do you think the text is taken from?
2 Vhat is the sublect matter of the text?
3 From whose point of view is the text written? Vhat is the 2 It was only when sl-re checkecl the frgures again that
effect of this? Carol realised her mistake. DII)
4 What is the effect of this text on you, the reader?

*<t
t2
 unit
t
3 It wasn't until rn hour latcr that tlrc policc arrivcri. 7 It's important that you d<>n't rnove
ARRIVE Whatever

tl lVithout your co-operation, I canriot help you

4 I n'ill oot resign under any circtuustances. I\iC) Unless

9 The concert l-ras been cancelled because of unlbreseen

5 It was onl-v tiren that Dave realisecl l're'cl iost ttre kcvs. circumstances.
DID Owing

they had d Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in

capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.

1 I wouldn't have tl"rought of looking ir-r that place. LASI'

7 He not onlv drolc thror-igh a rcd light lrtrt also r'r:rslrccl

into another car. Dil) 2 Alan wasted the last of his money so now he's broke
IF

8 You are not to open the leuer on '.lnv acc()Ltnt \\'ithottt

permission. NO J Although there n'as a red clanger flag, Jan.res insisted on
goingswimming. DESPITE

9 The colnpany w-or.rld not accc'pt resp(msibilitl jrr rrnl

q,AY. NO 4 ff it was my responsibility, I u,ouldn't let you go. UP

c Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the 5 What exactly is the meaning of a flashing blue light?
meaning stays the same. MEAN

1 It rvas the biggest fi'iglrt I've e',cr hlcl!

l've
6 Sam helped us and so \\'e were able to start the car.
THANKS
2 Carying too nruch is n()t a g<xrd iclea.
I woulcln't

7 I haven't had a bad cold since before Christmas.

3 Vhen I've finished mv r.vork. I can conte out. TIME
I can't

4 Not ali thc passengels (--()Llld be savecl.

8 A lot of people l'rave had the same pxrblern es yor,r
There was
before. FIRST

5 I don't drink Anna r.vill rl''in. althor-rch l aclrnile ht:r

determination.
9 Do you know the answer by any chance? I-lAppEN
Much

Saturdav.
Tom's

-_-
r3
 High drama
3
t Reading a Underline the best answer without looking back at the
letters. Then check for yourself.
Flolidays are often an exciting time when we can
experience some real life drama. This may not, however, 1 The woman, J.D., was attacked:
(a) last year (b) on her honeymoon
always be of the kind that we were hoping for.
(c) in India (d) in a park
Read the letter below, sent to a travel magazine, and the 2 The worst thing for her was:
reply that follows: (a) it rvas in the middle of the day (b) she lost her
documents (c) she was hurt (d) she had to go home
Lost time I went obrcad I had an experience that put me 3 If you are lost, the advice is to:
off travelling - and thought
I at the time that I was put off for (a) ask srfineone in a caf€ or shop where to go
good. Now however; my fianc6's very keen to go to lndia this (b) look at a map immediately (c) keep walking as
irrr". for our honeymoon, thought I'd better try and
so I though you know where you are going
get some expert advice on how to keep out of trouble in (cl) stand on a street corner and someone will help you
future. I hope you can helP. 4 In case of ernergency, you should carry:
What happened was that I was attacked in a park in (a) a strong ptrrse
Germany in broad daylight. I come from London, so I'm used to (b) sornc olcl crcclit carcls in cllsc you arc nrrrggecl
crty life and crowds, but I thought I was in a safe environment (c) a lot of extra money (d) no crcclit carcls at all
so I was relaxed and not really lookrng out for myself Then
a
b Why do you think the letter-writer mentions that she
man came from nowhene, pushed me to the ground and comes from London? What difference could this make?
grabbed my bag. I was bruised and shocked but the worst thing
i,as that I jost all my paPers and money and had an awful time
trying to get home again.
W"t ilrtt unlucky or is there some way I could have c Do you consider that J.D. was in any way to blame for
prevented this from haPPening? what happened to her? Why or why not?
I don't want another bad experience and certainly
not on
mY honeYmoon
J.D., London
d How could you express these phrases in a different way?

1 put off fbr good

Dear l.D.
First of all, it would be a real shame
to let one isolated
incident put you offtravelling. Millions
of p".f f" go abroad
2 in broad daylight
every year and the vast majority return
home unharmed
with lots of wonderful memories, especially
if itl their 3 not really looking out for myself
honeymoonl
lf you go prepared and well informed
about the place
you are visiting,theres no reason you
should be any more at 4 confidenceis the key
risk than when you're at home. Confidence
is the key lf you
look like you know where you're going
and wl-rat you,re
doing, you will appear a lot less urtn"rlbt". 5 stride purposefully
lf you,re lost, for
example, don't stand around on street
.o.n"., trying to reaci
a map. stride purposefuily down the
road and then dart into 6 on yor-rr person
a shop or cafd to work out where you
are.Always carry
some extra cash and a credit card for
emergencles
somewhere hidden on your person, and
have a dummy 7 a dtunmy purse
purse with old credit cards to give to
muggers.

t4
 Unit
3

2 Writing (D

Write another paragraph of travel advice, incorporating (ii)

these ideas, but in complete sentences:

Tru.st / instlncts / unbappy / get autay (iii)

Dress / locals.,/ not drau attention
Learn,/ utords ,/ language (iv)
Stt /famfly / couPles
End your advice with a check list of ten Do's and Don'ts'
Use the imperative and be succinct'
5 Use of English: Cloze test
#E One of the most dramatic stories ever brought to the
screen is The Lord of the Rings - book by J.R'R. Tolkien and
film directed by Peter Jackson.
3 Vocabulary: Compound words Complete the following short passage about Tolkien by
Combine one word from each box to create six compound inserting the correct word in each space. There is a list
words (all from Unit 3 of the Student's Book). For each below to choose from - but be careful! There are more
compound word, try to think of other words ending the words than spaces.
same way.
zahich quest African cleto opposed leader local
cltild tt are u,aist zaitch back grress countryman used trial task priaacy end wbose
detaik t)oted u'r'itten people guys life mytb
wtrk and last ou)n spent fruits against ueteran
craft lcood ground coat house
pictitrt made decided fans

e'g' childhood.... odulthood notherhood fatherhood

Born in South Afri ca:rrr l\g2,professor
John Ronald Reuel Tolkien
was a personable, private man partial to pipe
a oftobacco and a pint

of the henches of World War I (which informed

much of his work), he
Iived in 0xford as Head of English at Merton
College. Over many
years he [3]
. his leisure time creating a
massive m).tholo$,, [4]
. scope and detail

4 Vocabulary: Collocation
rivalled ttre great Norse and Germanic tales

[5]
he adored. The
ofhis labours - The Hobbit and rhe Lord
Pair up these adjectives and nouns to make ten lJthe Rings (J954) - became a publishingphenomenon and his
collocations that you will have seen in the Student's Book. grand opera ofthe [6]
to destroy an evil
Choos€ four to use in sentences to show their meaning.
ringwas [7J ttre twentieth century's
favourite book. Tolkien spent much ofhis
ADJECTIVES later life dodging the
bigb drarnatic slotu beattby intense festiue adoring [B] and was infuriated by his loss
linking stupefied ntontbly real of -
[9] . However, it is lsrown that
he was
never [10] to the idea of a filrn, and the
NOUNS director felt his ghost was keeping a watchful
eye on its progress.

The following phrases have been omitted from the text.

Where would you place them?

its setluel 46 years later but benign

r5
 unit
$

S Writing: A film review a

a
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaataaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
o
Write a review ol The Lord of the Rings, or another
a
a
Pause for thought a
a
dramatic film you have recently enjoyed. a "Weall knout tleat Art is ,tot trutb. Art ls a
a a. lle tbat
a
t makes us reallze truth." a
Use some of the words and phrases you have come across a Poblo Picosso I 975 a
in this unit. (drama / conJlict / emotional / tenslon,/ a a
a a
intensity ,/ opposlngforces ,/ resohted / utonder/
dramatic s ituation etc.) 8 Written commentary
Write two paragraphs: one about the theme and story and
one describing the scene or character that most affected
you. Aim for about 100-150 words.
- fhe fwo Fpther Christnoeses -
suddenly
there wos o roud rumbring noise,

{<t soot ond smoll srones fell into the

Annie sof up in bed ond stored. As

ond o croud of dusr,
filploce, fol[wed by o crosh
ond o foinr cry of ,Ouch, why do ,h"y
nuu;,1;;rh" fi,u go orr.,
th" drsi U"g". r. settle she
Y Gap passage could moke out the figure of on elderly
cop ond white beord, clod in o red
g"n,luri, *i,h o red
Write one suitable word in each numbered space. Jo.i"t, bog;y trousers ond
high feh boors.
'Fother Christmos! lti you!, she soid. ,So
it is true ofter olll
How lovelyl' She poused for o moment
os the old gentlemon
W hat the Dickens! struggled to his feet ond storted dusting
hirr"lf oi.',grt you do
look lolly funny, you know. There,s
that many people willingly
pick ,"#,i,rg ;;k on your cop
It's probablY true that nowadays not for o slortl'
have to, ol
a Dickens novel, unless theY 'ltt o bird's nest, no doubt,, the
t1l
. old gentlemon soid. ,One of
Films and TV adaptations ol his novels
the occuporionol hozords in my businesi
12)
have always t3l
popular, but on the
union meeting obout it
d kil
We hod o
lost week.,
iust
r,1r
La.l
contemporary readers find his
books far too
,
'A union meeting? Who with?,
soid Annie. ,l didn,t reolise
the sentimental side there wos o Fother Christmos union.,
time, Dtckens was a 'And why not indeed?, replied
However, in his [6] the old mon. ,lt,s dongerous
publishing Phenomenon and created a vast readershiP
y3t k.:w tri oil right for lftle girls who sir in bed iron,ng
t71 publishing his novels in serial lorm l:r. but we FCs
tor presents, hove o hord time of it, I con tell you.
a result, readers would often
write to him in For exomple
t8l ...'
him not to kill the heroine, lor example ButAnnie never did heor the exomple, becouse
the course ol Publication, begging
unable to iust ot thot
read aloud to thousands of those moment there wos onother rumble ond crosh,
Copies ol the serial parts were ond onother red-
or too poor to allord to buy
themselves, clod figure, identicol to rhe first, oppeored in'ti"ii,eplo.e,
read [9]
electronic age, reading to a coughing ond sneezing, ond shouting severol
a copy,
gs161s [10)
--------- entertainment' and hence the
high hod never heord before.
words thot Annie
of
family grouP was a common form
the time 'Oh bloody hell,' he soid os he ,Wrong
moral tone of the novels. However, t11l srood up. house ogoin.,
including too manY
Dickens was critici sed n2l
gruesome murders in his stories,
which [.13]
----- -- Comment in about 200-250 words upon the text. Use the
consideredbysometobeunsuitablefor.youngpeople,.Ashegrewto questions below to help. Give reasons for your opinions
tl!a; universally popular, his novels increasingly
L ^1 lts easy to [15]
that he and back your statements with examples from the text.
iurned to'sociat'themes.
;r;il an inttuentlat iournalist, and t16lcrime in London' Dickens was
his
I W'here do you think the text is taken from?

a ,rurt'nning the levels of poverty and 2 Vhat is the subiect matter of the text?
Oun
also someone t17l loved amateur dramatics' 3 From whose point of view is the text written? What is the
effect of this?
Many o,f his stories were dramatised' usually
his permission' and he himself
gave 4 How does the passage use the reader's knowledge of the
tl8l ln story of Father Christmas?
OramatiseO reaOlngs of favourite episodes
rrnr it was his insistence on 5 \7hat is the effect of this text on you, the reader?

{<r
------.--.---------.---------- readings
i,ii with a gruelling schedule o{

iriir;h- lrt, i'lt*, which contributed to his death'

t6
 unit
3

I Grammar
3 This is the first time I've been to New York

a Choose the most appropriate option underlined' Choose

the dash when no word is required. 4 You ought to 1;o to bed now.
It's time you
1 Mrs Davis trsuall-v w"aits for the,/- chilclren outside aithe/'
school.
2 Jim went to the/- Switzedand on althe/- plane' 5 Helen is a good Pianist.
J A"'Ther- traffic l'ras become aithe/- main problem in
a/thei- nrost hig cities.
4 The/- Paula's teacher lent her a/the valuable violin for 6 I'll only do something when I hear from you'
the/- last concert.
5 S[e walkecl <tver drer'- Lclndon Briclge ancl ]ooked dot'n
at the,.- pleasure boats t>n the,i- Thames. 7 \U(ould you mind opening the door for me?
(r Proresters carnpaigning to save the/- w'hale demonstrated Could
yesterday in the/- streets of a/the/- lbky<1.
7 Dickens was a,/the/- first modern author to become 8 I'm sorry I can't come at 3.00, but I have an appointment
a/the/- t'elelrriry. for a hair-cut.
g Thei- Sl-rerlock Holmes was a/the detective rrho solverl I'm sorry I can't come at 3.00, but I'm
az'the case r>f aithe/- Hound of the Basken'illes'
9 Nlfhe/- trouble with you is that yotr don't take a,/the
9 !7e won't be able to start the work until the tools arrive
time to think.
Only
b Complete each senten(e with a, a4 tbe, or leave the space
blank. More than one correct answer may be possible'
d Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in
I Sorry. but I've 8ot problem with my
capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.
. hearing and I didn't hear question,
2 ''what's - of
capital - 'Sorry, I
Australia?' 1 It was a bad idea to speak to the teacher like that.
SHOULDN'T
haven't _ clue.' -
3 -
person - arrested was
police tall man
Helen had seen running from building.
4 - bag <'l - eggs fell off - and
table 2 'l won't sit down,' said the stranger. REFUSED
onto floor p-ith -
sickening crunch.
5 -lkte attended - Llniversity of- Leeds but also
-
gained degree in- Education from
met.
3 You're the first Japanese I've A
Oxford -
Univcrsity.
6 I'd like -_ - please, with
lime ancl soda. - straw.
Coulci ,vou acld it to bill?
7 \r(hile crossing Atlantic, - collided
Titanic 4 They say that Madonna has left the country. SAID

n ith =- iceberg, -and most of ._- passengers were

drowned. - -
8 Have you seen new series that's on 5 I last saw _lim in 1998. SEEN
teler,ision at _ moment?
9 This is _ - time I've been to
first -USA, ancl I'rn
hoping it rvon't be _ last.
6 It makes no difference what you do. MATTER
c -
Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the
meaning stays the same.

1 You had an accident because you s'eren't careful. 7 I think it's going to rain. ABOUT
Ifyou hacl

2 I have no idea u,l-rere mv kevs are. 8 Paul wasn't in when I got to his house. LEFI
Vherever

t7
 n Americatt dteam
T
1 Reading c Sum up the appeal of New york in your own words.

Read this passage about New york City, the heart of the
American Dream, and answer the questions below.

New York City is the most enchanting place there is'

You may not think so at first for the city is in many
ways the epitome of all that is wrong in modern
America, but after a week or so, the pace and
adrenaline rush wiII get to you and the shock wiII give
way to myth. The buildings are icons of the modern
age and the power of money. Walking round d Use a word from the passage to complete each of these

downtown Manhattan has such massive romance that sentences:

you would have to be made of stone not to feel it' 1 The party was full of a kind of
New York is not conventionally pretty. Glaring in-your- show-business glamour that faded as the night wore on
face wealth is iuxtaposed with poverty, drugs and 2 In her penthouse flat the designer
homelessness - even though Mayor Giuliani made it l.rad black and white photographs
one of America's safest big cities. You can eat of movie stars with white marble statues.
anything, at any time, cooked in any style and sit 3 His''extensive knowledge of the arts made him
tfuough-any number of obscure movies' As for the the of a good theatre critic
keen consumer, the choice of shops is mind-
4 The Beatles and Elvis were the first real
pop
numbingly exhaustive in this gireat capitalist dream'
5 After rejecting religion and politics, he began to
New York City is also a natural-born movie star' It has write poetry which had a certain
probably been the most fllmed city on earth, or at cult following.
i""rt tn" one most instantly recognised from the 6 The scientist wrote up his experiments
movies. A perfect backdrop for glitzy romances
and
in detail.
nihilistic ttuillers alike, it is the favourite setting for
Allen'
7 The weakness of the President's
many directors, some of whom, like Woody position was obvious when he was interviewed on '
would hate to fllm anywhere else' television.
8 Some of the more points of
English grammar are only of interest to linguists.
a List five positive aspects of New York that are mentioned
9 The government's snail-like in
in the passage. implementing tax reforms was much criticised.
10 The new-style textbooks shocked some of the
rnore taught students.

e Explain in your own words:

1 aclrenaline rush

b List five negative aspects of New York from the passage. 2 in-vour-face wealth

3 mind-numbingly

4 A perfect backdrop

18
 unit
{

f Summarise the main point of the article

in one sentence: 4 Use of English: SPelling and
pronunciation
Book Unit 4' Correct
a Here are 12 words from the Student's
any that are sPelt wronglY'

g Which word (only one) sums up New York

for you?

2 Writing
What image do you have of America? Has that
image
changed recently? Do you still believe in the American
Dream? Write about 100-150 words' b Each of these words has an unstressed vowel missing'
you are
Firstly, say the words to yourself to check that

{<6 pronouncing them correctly' Then insert the missing vowel

jeu,ell1t rnisrable gardner

3 VocabularY: Jargon br.tsness itttqatent

New York has its own special iargon' Do you know -

or can
you guess - what these words mean? Write your
in
suggestions below and then look at the explanations
the answer bo1 at the bottom of this column'

1 Condo
2 c Write in letters how you would say the following numbers
3 Straphangers and symbols (and be careful with the spelling)

4 Co-op * ()

5 #

And what do You think a srooP is? ls it:

y2ttt
(a) a cheap hotel for people who live on welfare 44

, (b) a bus stoP in Manhattan 0.5 i//4

(c) an open platform at the entrance to an apartment
or house
(d) a large high building that is turning into a slum? [,14.78
4x3=12 _
/)
(t1 uo 1pq puu tIS uego eldoed) dools u st (c)
Sutrrour uo{ JUJEJI raqlo Suttuarcrd -
'suorlcasJelur ul paddarl la8 s'rec uoq6A azso{ JgJ?4
3u1p1Pq aql uI saruqs.(nq nof qcrq,t
u1 dquaumo luauuudu;o ru.ro; .rulndod lsou aql '?
(re,ro 8ur1pg sellestuoql dols ol JapJo uI
'S

s
ffin
ploq plnot eldoed sderls c11se1d e^Eq ol pasn qctqm)
sasnq pue s,{e,tqns al{t aplJ oq,n eldoad rol Suqs 'g

uuruleg ur pasuulndod 'ryoa,,vrag JoJ ausu Jeqloue 'Z

Eurypnq e ulqtl^\ luoutrudu
pautro ,{lunprnrput u" 'tunluruopuol JoJ uoqs 'I *

rg

\
 5 Sentence structure S Gap passage
Rewrite each sentence so that it inctudes the word
Write one suitable word in each space.
written in capitals. This word should not be altered in
any
way and the sentence should have approximately
the
same meaning.

I On the .surface Gatsby u.us a rich incl srrccessftrl

fmage sof the USA
businessman. AppARErr-.l.LY Erery other countqr has its
version of the United States, ill
so it
tel said. There,s a glain of
2 l-. Scott l'itzgeralcl in this, since nobody truth
found it easy ro n,rite. IIFFORTLESSLY t5l
having an opinion about avoid
[4] a
vast sprawling count{r,
love it or hate it,.or
3 Yiru ntay have to make up answers to solne of these misunderstand it as
[E]
questi()ns. wish. For a start,
GUESS\flORK [6] is the image
projected by US media
exports - fllm, music, the
fnternet. people who 7l
I never
4 left thei.r own backyard can
There has been a largc Amcrican influence in many nsyefiheless reco5yrise
Europeancountries. New York, and imagine they
AMERICANISEr) know what it is
t8l-._-- there because they have seen
'The God.father'or loG Wood;r
AJlen flkns. Brltish
singers started singing with
5 In the debate I was in favour of the rnotion. SUPPORT an American accent long
tel , arld generations of teenagers
have practised sounding
[tO]
Mississippi blues guitarists
6 There are more advantages than disadvantages to having or gir3l gfoups from Detroit
or folk singers from Duluth.[1
money and power. OUTTU7EIGH 1l
you dldn,t get the last reference
, it was to X,obert
Zimmerman, [1p]
gave hlmself
the name of a Welsh poet and became
7 Gatsby was regarded by many ds being inferior even a legend
f have to admit a personal interest
though he was so rich. STATUS here,
[15] 'i spent mJr ear$r years
desperateiJr wanting to be
a Wild IAIest hero, and most
of [14] time I spent as a student
8 The story is tolcl by a narraror. FIRST
tryring [15] ___ look li}e Bob Dyla,n
In the end, for me and
[16] doubt
for millions of others too, it's
a countqr of music. And
aaaaaaaaaataaatraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa so [17] is that in m;r version of
a t the Unlted States, a countrJr f
t Pause for thought a
have never
a t [18]
a "We bold tbese tn tbs to be self-etsident,
trJai all men are a glasses, smokes too much,
a €Fows too fat wlttr success,
a created equal, tbat tltqt are endou;ed by tbeir Creator aI and ends [19]
t utltb certaln lnaltenable rigltts, tbat anong tltese are owning a
t
t with gold taps in the bathroom. t suppos" Jra,cht
a ItJe, ltbety and tbe pursuit oJ ltapplness.'
a f ,norfA go
I there one day and final
a a [pO] fire
, The Americon Declorolion of lndependence 4h July 1776
a
rbuth. r know Bobby wo,rd
I a I "g.""..--------_---.-

20
 unit
4

? Written commentarY I Text for literarY comment

It was a dark and filthy alley but he set off down i!
telling himself it was no worse than the back streets of
Rootsin New York' so I'm an Amer'rcan' but a his home town. A hundred metres on he came to a
i*u, ootn always reminded us'
doorway. Poking his head inside the gloomy interior,
Greek American, as everyone he saw that it was filled with noisy workmen, their
he arrived in America
Father would tell us abouihow heads bent over tin plates filled with stew. He
all round the
*orf.ing on a ship' and travelling to
observed the scene for some minutes, trying to decide
"i",
*oiio ,*'""-so tl"rat he could earn enough
money who it was he should approach. The huge hairy
to ask me to say creature by the kitchen door appeared to be the boss
r,"tinit new life' Kids at school use
explain mythology' and I of the establishment. His heart pounding, he sidled up
some words in Greek, or to him,
coufOn't, because I was
an American' As far as the
'You have work? I can do,'he shouted above the
though' we were
other Americans were concerned' hubbub, his face breaking into beads of sweat. The
Greeks. We learnt how to
dance' we ate Greek food fellow, who appeared to be twice the height of a
parents socialised with
most of the time' and our normal man, stared contemptuously at him for a full
was as if we couldn't really
other Greek-Americans' lt minute and then spat, just missing his shoulder.
'You ltalian?' he asked in a broad New york accent.
*in.Wnowasl?lusedtoaskmyself'andtherewere
'si.'
too manY answers'
'--Wn"n go to Greece'
to 'Si! Si!'The giant roared with laughter. ,Two dollars a
I was at college I decided
say' I expected to day, okay?'
and discover my roots, as they 'Okay.'
and that bothered
feel instantly at home' but I didn't' The giant seized him by the scruff of the neck, and,
The American' and the
me. fo ur"iyon" there I was carrying him bodily into the kitchen, deposited the
the country
*nof" pf"c" seemed quite different from territied boy in front of a towering pile of dirty dishes.
world had moved
we'd talked about at home' The Taking the young immigrant,s hands, he plunged them
hot' noisy' busy city'
on, t suppose. Athens was this into the greasy sink water.
air-conditioned bus
and I was taken round it on an 'l have work. You do., He slapped the boy on the
I went to
*i,f' utt the other American tourists' When peasants back so that he almost fell face down into the sink.
Scarlet with humiliation, Giovanni took a plate and
,V t*n"t'. village, instead of picturesque was new began to scrub at it.
all I saw
on donXeys and quaint old houses'
Just
tfu,., kids with tattoos smoking in cafes'
""tt,
like - | nearly said home, didn't
l? Yes' just like home'
to New York' Comment on the text above from a literary point of view'
And so I caught the next plane back using the questions below to help you. Back up your
Maybe I had finallY arrived' statements with reasons and examples from the text'
Use 200-250 words'

1 what do we learn about Giovanni and his situationi

Comment in about 2OO-250 words upon the text' Use the 2 F'rorn whose point of vieu' is the text written?
questions below to help you. Give reasons for your 3 Vhlt is the thenle of tl.re tcxt?
opinions and back your statements with examples from + Wlrat is the t<>ne of tlte pessage? F'or exarnple is it
the text. clrunatic t>r Pcrstlasivei'
1 'Wherc do you think the text is taken from? 5 Is the text r-ttainll' conccrnccl rvith narrative or
2 What is the subject matter of the texti' clescription. or cqr.ral pxrts ()l l)oth'/

-l From u'hose point of view is tl-re text writtenT Vhat is the 6 \rrhat is the effect of the clialogtte?
eff'ect ol this-i 7 Dct you fincl the tr'vo main characters interesting?
4 \What is the eff'ect of this text ()n yo[I. the reader? 8 Vhat is your response t() tlle text?

{<r {<t
2L
 unit
{
I Grammar 3 It doesnt snow a lot in England.
a Choose the most appropriate words underlined: There

1 Sorry, but rvoulcl y<>tr nintl kr rnove/moving your 4 The pilot wasn,t careful and so the plane crashed.
suitcascl
If th'e pilot
2 D<>es l)at regr.ct l-Llc1r'c_ls;1r'rtfff sclrtxrl
at.sixteeni,
3 The tmin learres rrt (r.(X). s() thar rneans to get
Up at 5.00, I'n.r aftaici.
up/getting 5 Can you help me?
I was wondering
4 That's not f'air! \iru 1;ronrisctl to letilettintr us leave
5 pete coukl rcrncnrltcr to
early.
leat,c,/le:rving the party but after
5 If people come lare, they will be punisl.red.
that his mind n:r.s u l;lenk. Anyone
6 Sue really enjovc<J ro ear./etring brcakfast in
bed.
7 I rn afl.aid rhat \\ic crrn,f af]itrcl to go,igoing on holiclay 7 Has Gillian a.sked you to her party on Friday?
this year. Have you
8 Havc you ever consiclerccl !2_w12lklw121ldoC, abroad?
9 In thc. enrl. IJtrr.her:t rn;rnlrgetl to lnrrow./lx_l.rowing sorne 8 I started living here three months ago.
monc)' frr_xn her sistcr.. I've
10 Pleasc try not to ftrr{.ret./fbr.ucrtil.lg ro lrrintr; your
dictionlrn. [on.]( )rr()r,l._ 9 At four o'clock we'll have sorne tea.
Wl'ren
b complete each sentence with the verb in brackets in either
infinitive (to ...) or gerund (...tug) form.
10 Please don't tell rny parents about it.
I If you lsk opiniorr, I strggest
titr- r-rrv I'd rather
Go) lrv lrus.
2 \!'e can't really risk (leave) tl.re fire
on all niglrt. d Rephrase each sentence so that it contain, the word or
3 Harry reftrscd (accept) words in capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.
responsibilitv lirr thc rlan.rage
1 It's possible that it,ll snow romorrow. MIGHT
4 You sh<lulcl avoicl (travel.) in the
ruslt-hotrt rtt lrll corls
5 Car<tl ot'ferecl (put) r.rs up for the
night. so wc sal.cd rn(rtc\. on a hotel 2 I don't want t() wait for you any more. TIRED
(r .Jim triccl (open) tlrc cupboatcl,
but it rvas lotkerl
7 I reallv frril (understand) n'hat 3 Has Tim recovcred fiom his illness yet? GOT
the prol;lem is.
tJ Yor.r corrld lry tphone) Sanr,s
office, brrt I cl<rrr't tlrir-rk l*,t ,1"*. 4 Please don't make so much noise! Ti7OULDN'T
9 enn is the kincl of 1-rcrsolt nlxr :rlu,lrys puts off
(make) clecisions.
10 Thanks fbr thc krvclv mcal, lncl I hope
(see) you again soon.
5 Are frogs and toads the same rhing? A FROG

c Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the

meaning stays the same.
6 Do you have a problem? MATTER
1 Painters ure coming to paint tlre house next week.
sfe are 'What
are your interests? IN

2 What dicl they dt-cide at vesrerday's meeting? 8 107e missed the train and so we aren't at home now
What rvas HADN'T

22
 Burning ambition
5
1 Reading
sportsmenandwomenarenottheonlyoneswithchampionshipambitions.Hereispartofan
Memory Champion'
article about Dominic O'Brien, six times World

NNESS Book of
Reco rds in 988
bi nary books was n th Gu card S with n
6
?
mem onse 2 85 random six d ecks of playing
o' B nen CA n o when he memorl sed he
Domin
IS the current
holder o{ the titl of e e SE m emo rised
SEVEN SO
digits n 30 m nutes
Bra n of the erro rs. Then SO meon at 40 d ecks.
plon and was named re cord h IS sta nd
S
World Me mory Cham schoo at did 2 Now the also challe ng e
for SO meone wh o left others is d straln but
Year in 1 994 Not bad Be ng PUS hed by
a petrol pum attendant
p ce
h S worki ng ife AS rove his own performan
1 5, started e at that m kes him tmp
began AS toun di ng
the world 1 years ago pete in the
a nd on ly being inv ited to com
A great m ome n was wh ch he won,
the age of 30' S hips n 1 99
abilities? World tt/le mory C hamPton nspired h m
first discover his special o the ma n who had
So how did O'Brien "l.y'uas surfing beatlng Cra o Ca rve differe nt
"Ouite by chance"' n" "iprtint -"lTl"' a deck ln the first place
There are varietY of
the Cieat Carvetto memorise a
U rien prefers nu
m be rS or cards a S
on TV when I saw found m emo ry feats but o'
of cards. I got a deck
tli
u"o to do it mv.self'
and took theY' re u niversal and there S no CU Itu ral compon
ent, SO
to worf< out a strategy n the yea 2000,
that I couldn't, decidei to all national itre J can
com pete eq uallY
attempt took me 26 minutes that h IS
it from there' My tirst sin gle digits and says
ioLttttt' but ?ft-el a month I he memorised 780 h
memorise with about g all the tr me Althoug
within thJee mem ory caPacitY IS increasin dlr d
Hffi;i, p"rt"tttv in 15to minutes' niti llv hi amb,itions
q WE re fi rS, to break
record 5

in findin s o ut
il;;rt it came down 7o seconds'" th en to keeP the m
he IS now interes ted
ng books
and says that the secret
is in teach ng and riti
O'Brien is very focussed be how m emory wor ks and ski ls too.
that if a Prob.lem can the m emory
will-Power and ii" u"r"t to help oth ers to develoP
can ."f"" i,. His first
entry into the record
solved, he

b Answer using your own words as far as possible:

1 lflhat first inspired O'Brien to become interested in feats

a Test your own memory by answering the following of memory?
questions without looking back at the passage' Only check
your answers when you have really tried to remember' (Six
or seven Gorrect shows a very good memory and all eight -
wetl, consider memorising some decks of cards!)
2 ![hat is O'Brien's attitude to comPetition?
1 Vhat is O'Brien's first name?
2 At what age did he leave school?

4 How old was he when he first became interested in

doing memory frut"? 3 How have his ambitions changed recently?
5 \X/hen he got into the Guinness Book of Records in 1988,
how many decks of cards did he memorise?
6 \(hat is his present record for numbers of decks of cards
memorised?
7 In what year did he first win the Vorld Memory c Search the passage for the correct word to complete each
Championship? of these sentences - or use your memory!
8 Horv rnany single ctigits did he tnenlorise in the vear 1. Mount Everest presented a great
2000? to the mountaineer Hillary.

23
-
I
 unit
!
2 To pass the time on the train journey, he took
out
his of cards and staned playing.
5 He greeted his mother with a
3 The way the books were arranged on his shelves when he disembarked.
was (a) passion (b) Iove (c) support (d)
completely so it was very difficult hug
to ftnd anything. 6 Elsie could no longer with living
4 The group's attention was alone when she reached the age of g5.
(a) manage (b) acknowledge (c) achieve (d)
as he started to speak. cope
5 The consrruction of the bridge was a 7 You have to be very careful when climbing
brilliant of engineering.
the of a boat in a storm.
(a) hull (b) yacht (c) mast (d) resin
6 The accuracy of his memory is
7 I found it a
8 The chairman disagreed with my proposal
being totally
responsible for the group of children all day. . so that I didn,t dare ro mention
8 He scribbled down his telephone number so fast
that
the matter again.
(a) cheerily (b) emphatically (c) singje-mindedly
one or two of the were not clear
enough to read.
. .(d)enthusiastically

2 Writing
4 Use of English: Writing numbers
Look back at the passage about O,grien, the memory
a Rewrite the article as an interview between O,Brien
and champion and note all the numbers. Some are written in
the iournalist. Which venrion do you prefer and why? What figures and others in words. Can you see any rule for this?
difference does it make if somebody speaks for themselves Look carefully and write the rule here.
directly (though of cource this can be greatly edited)?

{4w
=\)'.4
b Whatt your reaction to what you,ve read? Are you So, did you realise that all numbers up to ten were written
impressed or do you feel itt just a clever trick without any in words and all numbers over ten in figures? This is a
practical application? Can such feats help us to know general rule in English. Some other general rules are:
more
about how the memory works? lf we att had better
memories, how would we benefit? Aim for about 150_200
wonds to send to an internet site about the forthcoming
memory championships.

{<t Use figures: 11 and ovet for dates and times with a.m.
and p.m., house and street numbers, temperatures.

3 Vocabulary prices, for page numbers, ages

Check you remember these words from Unit 5 of the Read the following short text and correct any mistakes in
Student's Book by choosing the correct one for each space: writing numbers. Cross out anything that is incorrect and
write the corrcct version in the space underneath.
1 I was really _ with myself for not
passing my driving test. Barrowdale Hall is a 16th century house which has been in
(a) bothered (b) annoyed (c) disturbed (d) non-plussed
2 MacArthur sometimes likes being on her own but she,s the same family for over 400 years. Begun in fifteen ninety-
not a Person.
(a) weirdo (b) wobbly (c) solitary (d) fervent three, it was one of the first constructions of its type in the
3 After doing a job for years, Bill
decided to quit and sail round the world. country and originally consisted of 8 rooms. Today there are
(a) ordinary O) community (c) teacher (d) mundane
4 The case for giving greater help to those in need thirty-one rooms with one hundred and three windows
is
(a) compelling (b) disturbing (c) fulfilled (d) honest
looking out over the grounds. There are 100's of different

24
 unit
$

species of flowers in the extensive grounds and 8 pairs of aaaoaaaaaaaaaaaaoaaoaaaaaaaaa.aaa

a a
a Pause for thought a
swans sail majestically up and down the two lakes. The a a
a 'One ctoutded. bour of glortous ltfe a
a a
a Is utortb an age utltbout a nanne." a
present owner is now eighty-four years old and has recently
a
a
Thomos Osbert Morduont I79'l a
a
a a
handed over the house to the National Trust. 1000's of

people are now able to visit it each year and the entrance 6 Written commentary
fee for a family is only six pounds.
The Ascent
The three men huddled behind a slab of twisted
rock which
gave very little shelter from the wind whistling
across the

5 Gap passage
rocky slopes. High up ahead, Hal could see tn!
gleaming in the sun. It was madness to go
,up of snow
on any funher
Write one suitable word in each space. today, that was for sure, with so little food, and
after losing
so much equipment in the rock_slide. Still,
they could start
going down tomorrow. There was always
next year. He
looked at his two companions. Dave didn,t loot
too good,
Neyou ambitious? and was obviously still in pain. They might
him tomorrow.
have to carry
Ambition, as Shakespeareb Macbeth discovered, can
'So this is what we do,'said Charlie,
l1l you awake at night. Well, it might, il your who had been
rummaging around in the packs all this time. .Hal,
ambition is t2l strong that it becomes an you stay
here with Dave. I've left you enough food
obsession. 0bsessive people, s0 the story goes, are so fiercely drlYen
for two days. The
- search party will reach you by then
all being well. I,m
t3l some inner need to achieve, that they think ot
going on to the top.'
little else. Their every waking mdment is taken Hal looked Charlie straight in the eye and
planning and scheming' and their minds swore. .Who
l4l are you trying to kill, man? yourself?
Dave and me? It,s a
are forever focused tsl their goal' lt sounds like stupid thing to do.'Dave didn,t say anything,
but he was
the t6l .----- ol thing you should see the doctor about, usually on Charlie's side anyway. Unless
he was too ill to
doesn't it? You l7l someone who seems speak. 'You'll never make it, and neither
will we.,
obsessed with sport, 0r computer games, or cars, 0r lashion' and
we can all Charlie stared right back at him and said
too lar' But in
.he.picked nothing. Then
up the small pack and the rest ofhis gear,
iun of people who take things
t81 and
you want said, 'See you in three days.'Then he made
the end it does seem to be true that [9] his'way up the
-with to be path withour looking back. Hal warched
him go until he
to make a success of something, you [10]
-
Perhaps that's the wrong word, and we ought to
disappeared around the far slope. Then
he saii, .There goes
a little bit obsessed.
our hero, Dave,'and laughed. Dave
didn,t
t11l ...- -know saying 'involved'
or 'committed'. The lact is, say a word.
if you don't care [12] about something, its not

that you'll achieve very much. No pain

n3l
- gain, goes. ln other words, if Comment in about 200-250 words upon the text. Use the
t1+1
- theyousaying
as

can't really questions below to help you. Give reasons for your
your ambition is to be a successlul dancer,
opinions and back your statements with examples from
t15l ._- getting up eaily every day and practising in
the text.
the
the living room belore you go to school, [16]
daughter ol a lriend of mine. The real problem, as we all know to
our cost, is 1 rl7here do you think the text is taken from?

that we don't all have [1 7] clearly defined 2 What is the subject matter of the text?
ambitions and goals. And without t18l ----.-- 3 From whose point of view is the tex written? rJThat is the
effect of this?
kind of a goal, itb easy to drift through life, iust enioying
scenery. Still, il thats the way you are,
4 How much do you leam about the people in the texrz
t19l -_.- 5 Irhat is the effect of this text on you, the reader?
it' People will uy you

{<t
don't lose any sleep t20l
are obsessed!

25
 unit
I
6 to me, Pete,' said Margaret. INSIST
7 Grammar 'Y<ru must sit next

a Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so

meaning stays the same. 7 Alex gave Rita an invitation to the party. INVITED
I 'l think the Blucs will n'irr thc electkrn,'said David.

betbre midnight, Mum,'said Diana.

c Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the
meaning stays the same.
Diana promised
1 So f ur, six t-rf nty letters are finishecl.

see the manager,' saicl George.

I've

2 'l promise I'll be home at 8.00.' said Joe.

,i "I'here's going t<t l;e a sntxv-stt)rlll tolll()l'J-()\\'.' saicl the Joe promised that
firrecaster'.
The forecaster u'arnecl 3 What are your plans for tomorrow evening?
Vhat are you
'l'm cenainly not married,' saicl Nlartin.
4 Where were you?
'Where
have
Mar-tin deniecl
5 I don't live near the school, so it takes me a long time to
gei here.
painting the door is a waste of time,' saicl
'[ina.
ffI

6 I'e<>ple know that Jack is a dangerous criminal

Jack
Ricky scored the goal.' saict tl're
7 It was wrong of me not to have tolcl you befbre
The rcferee confrrrtred
You

sentence so that it contains the word in d Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in
the meaning stays the same. capitals, and so the meaning stays the same'

1 'l think it's a good idea ltrl Cherlcs to leave. saicl 1 I'nr sure l're clidn't c()lne this wa\', or u'e n'ould have
STJGGESTEI) seen him. CAN'T

allowed tcr see Jin.r again, Helen,' said her 2 Vhy don't you take a break? SUGGEST

3 I think that must be the postman. WILL

forget to buy some milk!' said Gina. 4 The dentist took two of Mark's teeth out yesterday FIAD

5 'Is the train on tilne?" Sue asked the man. \THETHER

me that stole DENIED

6 This fish has a bad smell. GOOI)

own identiry. \i7HO
7 Harry is in the habit of playing billiards every Friday
AL\TAYS

26
 Time travel
6
1 Reading I People under thirty are the most keen on space tourism.

Have you ever dreamed of taking a holiday that rcally is

out of this world? Well, your chance may be coming! Read
this article and then answer the questions that follow. 4 Ten per cent of those surveyed would pay the equivalent
of fwo years' wages to go into space.

of Japan s.largest travel

Pack your bags for a holiday in spacel One
has formed a new branch dedicated to
developing and
ugrnditt
as five million
;;k;ti.g space travel and estimates that as many 5 Between now and the year 2030. five million people are
p*pf. ,i.i,
could be blasted into space by the year This
-2030'and
expected to have travelled into the cosmos.
ne* gfOif industry could be worth as much as t70 billion
less than
pactage deals could eventually bring the cost down to
f2,000 a head.
aaaaaa"".."'o 6 Space tourism will only ever be for miilionaires.
Japan' America
A recent study of more than 4,000 people in Britain,
has shown that most age groups are keen on the idea
and Germany
and 80% of the under-30s would love to take a ride
into the cosmos'

One in ten even go as far as to say that they would be ready to blow 7 Yery many people dream of leaving Eanh to really see it.
from space' Future space travel
two years'wagei to see Earth
brochures.r, i*p..ttd to offer tourists anything from a mini+rip of a
at a space
ten-minute sub-orbital flight to a week in orbit with a stay
hotelthrown in.
8 If space tourism is seen to be dangerous, it will not
aaaaaoaaoa'oo"o succeed.
It could cost about f70 million to develop the first
passenger
Rocket
spacecraft. Pioneering work has been done by the Japanese
but one of iti engineers said that America was likely to make
Sbciety,
tt r fitit space liner. The Russians are not expected to be serious
9 Dennis Tito has already stayed at a space hotel

contendersinthemassmarket,despitethefactthatitwasaRussian
stay 0n
craft that took the world's first space tourist, Dennis Tito, to
2000.lito paid f'14 million for
the international space station in April 10 AJapanese travel agency is already taking bookirlrs lirr'
this privrlege and a South African-based millionaire internet
space flights.
entrepreneur is already in training to be the second visitor'
aaoaaaaoa'o""o
The keys to success in developing the business of space
tourism will

be safety, reliability and affordability. But most of all the desire of the

majority ofpeople to watch the Earth from space and take photos of b Explain what the following expressions mean using your
the place where they and their ancestors were born' lt's a dream own words:
waiting to come true - don't forget to book your ticket!
1 out of this world

t tf the fotlowing statemenG are true, write T. !f they are 2 package deals
false, write F and correct them. lf you cannot tell from the
passage, write I CANNOT TELI and explain why. 3 to blow two yeafs' wages

1 Russia is the leader in the field of future space tourism.

4 thrown in

5 space liner
2 The first space tourist was a South African millionaire.
6 serious contenders

)'7
 unit
$

c Sum up each paragraph in one sentence b Put one word from each box together to form eight
common collocations.
1.t:

first powrty tbunder star lntellec'tual

nuclear pklstic central
2n l.

surgert' stor"rn c/rls:s pou'er let:el tbeme

coflstellation stricken

Use four of the collocations to complete these sentences:

1 The author's childhood was
4,1,. the subject of most of his books.
2 The film star had had years of
in an attempt to preserve her looks
3 The of both Tbe Lord of
Do these four sentences together make a good summary of tbe Rings and Harry Potter is the age-old one of good
the whole passage? Decide on the best order of the ideas against evil.
and how to express them. Combine sentences to make the 4 He left Oxford with a
summary shorter and more precise. degree in Mathematics and then decided to become a

{<t
painter.

c Write four more sentences using the other expressions'

2 Writing {<E
Write a for-and-against essay about space tourism.

Write four paragraphs: the first introducing the subiect,

4 Word study: Time
the second giving all the advantages, the third giving all a Tlme is tlre most used noun in English. Do you recognise
the disadvantages and the final one summing up with your these everyday expressions?
conclusions and what you see to be the way forward' 1 \7hat would you be doing If you passed tbe time of day
You could use some of the ideas and vocabulary from the with someone?
article and also think about such issues as: (a) asking them what the time was (b) having a short
utaste o1f morrqt tbat could be spent on otber teseatcb / friendly conversation with them (c) spending the whole
dangers / beahb hazards ,/ loss of rettenueJot toutlsm day with them (d) trying to persuade them to hurry up
on Eartb / sPtrlt of adrtenture,/ oPpreclatlon of out 2 If you were doing tirne, where would you be?
place tn tbe costnos / neut ploneers etc. (a) in a boring job (b) in prison (c) working for a
watchmaker (d) working as a historian
{<6 3 If you were keeping time, what would you be doing?
(a) playing music to a beat (b) doing something on a
temporary basis (c) taking as much time as you need to
3 Vocabulary do something (d) rushing as fast as you can
For the following two exercises, look in the Student's Book
4 If you are abead of your time, what are you like?
(a) you are always punctual (b) you prefer to be early
for help if you need it (all the words appear in Unit 6).
for appointments (c) you have new ideas before other
a Write the opposite of each word - the number of letters is people (d) you change the ways you do things often
given to guide you.
b Now use your imagination to include these six time
1 wax 7 huge expressions in a single paragraph.
2 strong 8 harvest (verb)
part-tt / tttotabb / tlme ltmlt / a
ne ,/ tlme-consumlng
3 ancestors ' ,notter of ttme /Jor tbe ttne belng
4 drought
5

6
creation
subjective
*<E
28
 unit
$

aaaaaaaaaaaaoaaoaaoaaoaaaaaaroior
a
a Pause for thought
a
a
6 Written commentary
a
a
a
a
'Gatberye tosebuds tobllc ye may,
Old Tlme ls sfiA a.-Jlytng:
a
a
a
a
o. o . .TlreTtmeUnlt
a And tlcls sameJlouter trtat srnlles today, a Operations began as ordered at 45.6.120,
a a with a
a Tomott'out utlll be dytng. " a standard crew, Android g0g in command. Android
a a 435 experienced disturbance patterns
during the
a
a.......................*1ltl"j':tlo.,: a
a
flight and was terminated according to standing
instructions. The flight *u, ,r"u"niful and
the
5 Gap passage Time Unit arrived at the planned destination
Calendar year 2005. Contact was made
Old
Write one suitable word in each space.
with the
local inhabitants who are of a primitive
type, known
as Humans. A range of minerals, oils,
and organic
material, as well as air and water are still present
at
this time, despite contamination by Humans,
Fonuard to the past ar'e uncontrollable and irrationa.
who
tfre Unii captureO
specimen humans as ordered. The humans
ln a story by Ray Bradbury, people who like hunting are recorded the fouowing messages.
t11 to enjoy shooting dinosaurs, and 'This is professor Alan Collins. please
help us.
all thanks [2] time travel. The Our planet is in danger. War has broken
out rn
organisers [3] these sci-fi safaris are many places, and nobody seems to
know what to
very careful, however, l4l to do to stop it. And we are destroying
our
interfere with the past. The hunters have to stand environment with pollution. pteaseiell
the people
t5I a special platform, toavoid on your planet to send help.,
damaging anything, and they [6] 'Wow, are you gruys really from
allowed to shoot only animals that are soon to die
*.
That's cool. My name's Eleana, l,*
another time?
r"r""i"en, and
t7ll accidents. One day a hapless my star sigm is Scorpio. Hey, this is
reaily great.,
hunter falls off the platform, and accidentally kills a The Unit successfully coIected
sampi"s of
butterfly. When he returns [8] the organic_and non-organic matedals.
present, he discovers that the results of the recent election were taken, as instructed. Visua]
Ivt""rrr"*"rt,
recording of the
te1 changed, and his world of the environrnent was transmitted according;;
protocols. oassian
present has [10] a very unpleasant
place. This, of t1 1 l , is what is known The Unit initiated the return procedure
at
t12l a time paradox. Another good 49.1.624. Alt humans in the,rr.ornOirrj-iu"
example is provided in the Terminator films. t[rhat happens terminated. The specimen humans *"r"
here, as you probably remember, is an attempt parts and packed in plastic
*"ri *, inro
tubes size 45 as
t13I inhabitants of the future - instructed. End of report. ASZ4.
robots in the first film, humans in the second one - to
change [14] present by altering the
past. Unfortunately, this isn't possible, at
Comment in about 200-250 words upon the text. Use the
t 1 5l not according to Professor questions below to help you. Give reasons for your
--
Stephen Hawking, who is [16] to opinions and back your statements with examples from
know about this kind of thing, Time travel into the future
the text.
might be possible, but not into the past. As scientists often
argue, l17l people in the future had 1 \7here do you think the text is taken from?
invented time travel, then surely some of them 2 '&hat is the subiect matter of the text?
I18I to have anived in our time 3 !7hat is the tone of the text? From whose point of vicn,
tlel now. There would be plenty to is it written?'What is the effect of thisi
interest them, [90] all, starting with 4 'Vhat point do you think the text is rrying ro make? D<rs
the plots of some of our films and books. it do this successfully?
5 rJ7hat is the effect of this text on yoLl, rhe
reader?

{<6
29
 unit
I
X Grammar c Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the
meaning stays the same.
a Complete each sentence with a suitable word.
1 I'rn sony no\il'tl'rat I didn't tell the police tl-re truth.
1 Kate often gets annoyed her little I regret
br'<;ther.
2 I'nr sorry, but y<lu're 2 Dave was tired but he carried on working.
Dave. He's not like that. Although
3 'I'l-rere's no access
through this door. 3 Someone has just stolen my car
4 Carol nas ashamed admit that she I've
l-radstolen the rnoney.
5 I can't renrember q,ho Elizabeth Ta1'lor is married 4 The car was twenty years old.
It was
6 Evcry<lne ir-r the school is very poiite
the teachels.
7 Ycu shouicl be ashamed yourselfl
5 I'm trying to find the museum.
Do you kno*
8 'Ihe supp()rters were very disappointed
the result.
9 I don't f'eel any sympathy whatsoever 6 Parking is forbidden here
You
you, I'm af'ruid.
l0 I haven't had any Steve
fbr years. 7 This building has stood here for over a hundred years'
This building was built
b Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in
capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.
8 They say that Paul is the richest musician in the world.
1 -l'hclc weic lot.s of people on the train. \nTH Paul

d Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in

2 l'm not sr.rre' ab.rut people who sell things at the door, capitalt and so the meaning stays the same.
SUSPICIOI iS
1 Tom is in love with PeneloPe. FIAS

.i llrrlr.l ',\(r'i i: tlr.'ottlv s'ay. ALTERNATIVE

2 I thought that you were married. UNDER

4 .learr had r nrecting with the President and t'elt nervous.

AROTIT
3 \fhat's yotrr salary? MONEY

4 Sam suddenly realised that the dog was hungry. FED

-< Llalli' ot-tt'n s'.r'ii'rs ft'()ni attacks of asthma. PRONE

5 George was to blame for the accident. FAULT

6 Thank yotr lil' seeing me at short notice. GOOD

6 How long have you had this iob? \flORKING

7 Do,vou knou, w'rat has been happening? ATUTARE

7 Although she was ill, Sue *'ent to work. DESPITE

ti I apologise for the mess. ABOUT

30
 A question of class
7
l Reading a Would you say the tone of this passage was positive,
negative or neutral? Give your reasons.
Life in the UK is changing fast and one very clear trend is
the increasing number of people living alone. Read this
article, taken from a housing magazine, and then answer
the questions that follow

The tlpical tX family reached a turning point in 2 00 1 ' For

or as single
the first time in history people living 0n their own
parcnts oumumbered all other living arrangements
in Britain b Choose and underline the best explanation for the
following wordsas they appear in the passage:
- including the traditional family household' It is predicted
that within flve years' childless couples living to$ether
will 1 slngle paf,ents: (a) parents with only one child
yet just 40 years ago the O) parents who are raising children alone (c) parents
also outrumber family residences -
of who have not been married before
family unit (couples with dependent childred made up half
2 consclentlous paf,ents: (a) parents who take the iob of
all households in the UK. parenting seriously (b) parents who feel guilty about not
These flndings are part 0f ongoing research by the Future doing a good job (c) over-anxious and woried parents
Foundation and taken from a report, ComplicatedLrves, which 3 whopping: (a) intolerable (b) huge (c) painful
looks into key areas of modern life, including family life' 4 parado* (a) conclusion (b) contradiction (c) outcome
flnance and living accommodation. Although there maybe 5 slngleton: (a) unmarried person of either sex
(b) only child (c) person with a single child
fewer traditional family households now, relationships seem
\ 6 qudity time: (a) a larger proportion of time
closer than ever before. Eamilies are actually spending more (b) time that costs money as you are not working
time together and today's parents spend an hour and a half a (c) time that is spent doing good things you enfoy
(31
daywith their chilfuen compared with only a third of that
minutes) in 1961. In addition, conscientious parents now
c Herc are turo one-sentence summaries. Which paragraphs
do they refer to?
spend an average of 15 minutes a day helping their children
with homework, compared with virtually no time in 1961' 1 Because of time-saving technologies, people have more
time for pleasure.
Today's puents also have more time for themselves. In
Paragraph
196 1, cleaning and laundry took up a whoppin$ 1 2 hours
2 Children in family units will spend more time with their
anrl 40 minutes of a woman's week. This has now haived to parents than before.
six hours and 1B minutes. Paren8 ue using this extra time t0 Paragraph
enrich their lives with an ever-increasin$ variety of activities;
d Here is a summary of the first paragraph. Correct any
time spent on sport and exercise is up from a mere ten inaccuracies.
minutes a week 40 years ago to an hour a week today' Time
In modern Britain, the vast majority of people live alone and
spent entertaining frienfu and family at home has doubled
the family is fast disappearing.
from 2 5 minutes a week in 1961 to close to an hour today'
All these findings would seem to point to an interesting
puadox. As singleton and childfree family units fast become
the norm, there are fewer families in the traditional sense of
the word. However, the conventional family is perhaps a
closer unit than ever before, with more quality time spent on
parenting and relationships.

3r
 Unit
7

e The original title of this article was lhe Single Life. Do you 5 Lucy wears wonderful clothes and has a certain style of
find this appropriate? Why or why not? Suggest an her own. According to her admirers, Lucy is
alternative / better title. very
6 Martin and Jack are both such wonderfr.rl runners that
when it comes to the 400 metres, nobody can compete
with them. They're in
Two expressions remain. lnvent people who would fit
these descriptions.

2 Writing (i)

a ln the article comparisons were made between 1961 and

2001. Use the information to write four sentences of your
own that use comparative forms. Try to use a variety (ii)
of structures.
e.g. On ovetage, people in F,61 spent hcLf ttr ttme ot't
entnrtni'ning at home that we do now. / Enlnrtalnlng ot home b Choose the correct word from the box to complete each
is much more pop,,lor now than i.t used to be fortg Ueors ago. collocation.
/ DoubLetlx,time is spent on enterl,olnlng at|ntw nowadags ()
humble critic
lhon Ln the past. / Tln time spent on |nme entefinining has
doubted in the past fortg gears. social () prowctus
awe () argil,nents

b
{<t
Choose one of the findings of the research into social
old
first
()
()
reuieu,
structure

change and comment on it, saying what you feel it shows m4le () researcb
about modern-day society. Give your reaction and make status () opinion
comparisons with what you feel is happening in your own literary () twins
country. Aim for two paragraphs and about 15f200 words. ()
film fasbioned

{<E travel
college
()
()
i'txspirtng
inberttance
3 Vocabulary instruction () dominated

a Here are eight expressions that include the word c/ass.

market () impressions

Choose the best one to describe each of the following identical () brochure
people. genetic () manual
opposing () quo
class consclous cl*ss? uPPer clans
a clcrss of tbetr own mlddle class wot*tng class lf the collocation
tbe professional classes classless - is an adjective, write 1 in the brackets beside it
- refers to people, write 2
1 Alistair Campsbourne-Smlthe comes from a very old - is a Latin expression commonly used in English, write 3
English family whose country house is in Cheshire. - is something that has a written form, write 4
He's - is something that makes us look the way we do, write 5
2 Sarah and Ben are both high-flying lawyers. They're - is usually an expression that starts " in my "", write 6
tn - is what makes society like it is, write 7
3 Alexandra had a comfortable secure childhood and both - is what you hear in a debate, write 8
her parents were teachers. She's - is what can often be wrong, write 9.
4 Peter's origins are working class but he went to Oxford
e.g. literary crltic (2)
University and works in medical research. He considers
himself to be

i
 unit
7

aaaaaaaaaaaaaoaaoaaaaaa""t""'
4 Use of English: StYle a
a Pause for thought
o
a
a
a
Answer the following questions, exprcssing your own a
'Tbe teal sobeat of class dtsttnc:tlon ts 4 P'tpet It
opinion, and including the wod(s) in <apitals'
fiteasune of se$'esteem -a ktnd oJunselfconsclousaess a
utltlt tbemseloes, so tbe utodd o
e.g. How important to you is a Person's physical Some peoplc *re a.t ease
a
appearance? CERTAINLY ls at ease uttth tbett My parerrts tbougltt tbts klnd of a
ease utas ptoduced by educatlor, ... tbql d'ldnl see tbat
a
tt's certainl.g the first thing gou noticz,but I can honesttg sag a
tirat personolttg i€ more Lmpofiontlnme.Oncx' gou gel to ubat dlsqtablled fuem uas ternperame"t -Just 4s' a
knou 6omeone, gou don't rntice l|e,,r Looks so mudr, but gou ttcougb educated up to the blll tt d'tsquallfies me' Wbat a
a
o;n't i.gnore ttreir Personatitg' heeps us ln our place ls embatrassmeflt'' a
a
Arnold Bennett I988
1 Does the way a person speaks in your country indicate a
a
their social class? \TITHOUT DOUBT aaaaaaaaaaaaataaaalat"t"""'

5 Gap passage
Write one suitable word in each space.

2 Do you think it's better for children to be raised in a

traditionaltwo-parentfamily' SIMILARLY
Thc British Aristocracl
ttl many years, the British aristocracy was
largely remembered [2] its eccentric
members, who, according to some, had [3]
driven mad by their time at Eton or their service in
14) of the fashionable London regiments,
and [5] therefore retumed to therr
3 Are only children usually different from children who family homes [5] the country and tried
have lots of brothers and sisters? \?HEREAS to make their madness a part of simply being British. And so we have
had the duke who lived entirely underground, the earl
m wandered naked around the grounds
ofhis castle,the duchess dressed [8] the
Queen of the Fairies, and many others. As time passed, the
tel houses, clothes, servants, cars and
daily lives of these unfortunate title-bearing folk began to seem
4 Do we have so many wars because nearly all societies completely mad 01 | well.Was
are male dominated? FURTHERMORE
II l] _ sensible for a married couple whh two
childrento live in a house with one hundred and eight rooms?
Should sane adutts I 12] themselves for
formal occasions in the fashions of former centuries? Should
they do this and participate I I 3]
_ the
govemment of the country? Howeven as time has gone
l4l , the aristocracy has changed.We have
5 Is the society you live in becoming more classless? had hippy lords, aristocratic rock singers and film directors, and a
CONSEQUENTLY
I I 5] _ of the royal family has become a noted
fumiture maker: Perhaps the day will I l6]
when, as was true in the late nineteentlr century our most popular
football teams 71 | contain lords, or even
ladies. Until th"n *" tt prt niGIiIGlrq
with Posh and Becks, who some [19] say
have all the eccentricity but dont have the titles.Well, not
t20l , anylvay.

33
t/ unit

5 Written commentary P Grammar

--rrl a Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the

A True Gentleman meaning stays the same.

1 i\lery' rvrote rlou.n ercrylhing trvir.e so slrr: u..orrlcl

Mr Duckett straightened his silk tie, brushed the rertrcrnbcr.
shoulders of his elegant suit and glanced over his In orcler
shoes. Quite satisfactory. One had to look and act
like a gentleman, for that was what one's guests 2 I l<now vou}e intc,rested so I'll tell you the ansn.er.
were. and nothing else would do. He breathed a Sinct
sigh of relief. The Queenb Privbte Hotel was what it
was and would ever be, especially now that the
American takeover had been thwarted by the
3 It n-as very colcl and because of this we stayed at home.
It rvas so
intervention of a British company. He'd seen the
headlines in the financial paper. What a narrow
escape! lmagine what some Americans might have
4 Many planes were cancelled because of the fog.
made of the place. He shuddered.
On'ing to
His reverie was disturbed by a sudden ring of the
bell. He looked up to see a man in sunglasses, a 5 \('e dicln t n,rrr-tt t() anno): the ncighltours so rl.c tLrrned
long-haired lout of a man in a dirty T-shirt and baggy the nrusic dou'n.
trousers. 'May I help you?' he said coldly. No doubt So as

some oick come to attend to the plumbing. Again.

"Ello,' said the man. 'l've got a reservation. (r .Jill rr,as able to go to univc-rsit1. thanks to her parents.
Name of 'Arley.' Mr Duckett cleared his throat. 'l hard n'ork.
think there may have been some mistake, sir,' he .lill's p:rrcnts
said, emphasising the last word. He glanced at the
book. 'There is no Arley listed here.' 7 \\e had to turn back bccause tlte climb was s() difficult
'Arley with a haitch,' said the man, grinning. Mr Il rvas strch
Duckett sighed and looked again. One had to keep
up certain standards of politeness. 'There is a ti It was raining so the nrzrtch rvas postponed
reservation for Lord Harley, sir. But not for yourself, As
l'm afraid.'The man grinned again. 'Lord 'Arley,
that's me. Screamin' Lord 'Arley they call me. Don't
9 llccatrse Sally telt ill, she clicln r g() ro work.
you follow rock music? No, I don't suppose you do.
Sally fc.lt
Well, chum, l'm your new boss. I bought the 'otel.'
He hoisted a scruffy bag onto the counter. 'Just carry
10 Carl clicln t movc bcceusc he clicln't \\,ant t() be noticed_
this up to my room, willyou, son? Ta very much.'
Carl dicln't rt()!,e so as

Comment in about 200-250 words upon the text. Use the b Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in
questions below to help you. Give reasons for your capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.
opinions and back your statements with examples from
I It u,as an olcl c:tr rncl so ir kept l;reaking don.n. SUCH
the text.

I V/here do you think the text is taken from?

2 \[hat is the subject matrer of the text? ? Calol visitecl l)aris becruse she \\:rnte(l to intpr<lve her
3 From whose point of view is the text written? Vhat is the Flench. IN
effect of this?
4 Vlhat point do you think the text is trying to make? Does
it do this successfully?
.J An electrical fitrlt c:rtr.sed the computt:r flriltue. DUI
5 Vhat is the effect of this text on you, the reader?

{<5
34
 Iinit
7

4 Richarcl kept the news [() lrimsell becattse he clicln t want 8 It may seem strange, but most teachers enioy their work'
to upset atryolle. NOT Strange

9 Someone broke into Ann's car last week.

day so there s'ere no lessons. OF Ann

10 We'lI be at the seaside soon.

It won't
lor a goocl tirne. I{AVE

d Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in

good seat. THAI capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.

1 I'm sure that isn't Hugh Grant. CAN'T

because I have enough

2 Whose pencil is tl-ris? BELONG

to avoid the traFfic. AS

3 'Don't forget to turn off the lights, Ricky,' said Tina.
RTMINDED

big match. FOR

4 If I were you, I'd take a f'ew days off. BEfiER

c tephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the

' meaning stays the same. 5 The radio says it's 40 degrees today. ACCORDING

1 A young girl was riding the leading horse.

The }eading h.rse
6 I don't like the idea of working in an office. APPEAL
2 The last time I played nrgby r,r,as in l99tt.
t haven't
7 Please don't smoke in the bedroom. RATHER
government has

8 Eventually, they lived happily ever after. IN

4 lt's a pity I'rn leaving tom()rrow.

I wish
9 If you won the competition, what would you do? VERE

5 They didn't receive any news of the rlissing climber fbr

a month.
It was
10 You are not to leave the room under any circumstances.
UNDER

open the u,indow.

Try

7 Hany wasn't ahvzrys so lazy.

Harry dicln't

35
 Down under
I
t Reading
As air travel becomes quicker and cheaper, Australia is taking off as a popular holiday destination. This
extract from a travet'brochure offers exciting holidays to the more adventurous (and wealthy) traveller.

Melbourne, with its exotic markets and fine

Australia offers an exhilarating world ol
restaurants, is our starting point and from here
adventure - a place to relish the great 0utd0ors, the
we take the steam train along 300 kilometres of
intoxicating local cultures and the infinite sweep 0f
spectacular coastal scenery to elegant and
virginal landscapes.
lamously easy-g0ing Adelaide. The magnificent
Explore vibrant Sydney, plunge Into the crystal-
clear underwater world of the Great Barrier Reef and
experience the thrill 0f sitting by your own camp-
7 Ghan train then takes us northwards to maiestic
Ayers Rock, surreal and eerie, dramatically
rising 348 metres from the surrounding desert
Iire in one ol the amazing bushcamps of the plain, where we watch the sun set and enioy
AYORS POCK

v dinner al lresco under a panoply of desert stars'

Australian outback.

0ur comprehensive tour, The Great Australian Cairns on the east coast is our next base for
Adventure, explores the highlights of this vast and taking a trip by catamaran out to the Great
magnificent c0untry. We travel in comfort in air- Barrier Reef and exploring some 0f the lush
conditioned mini-buses, first class sleepers and t.. rainlorests of the coastal hinterland. Finally, we
AD1LNO1
stay in quality hotels. We promise you stunning 1ty back to SyCney, and this bold and beautiful
landscapes, a fascinating history and culture, city marks the end ol the holiday of a liletime.
distinctive wildlife, friendly people and some of the
most vibrant cities in the world.
olli;caCI*T

a Having read the passage, choose the best answers: 6 Ifyou have dinner alfresco,
(a) you have a buffet-rype snack meal (b) you eat with a
1 During your trip, you will travel by
large group of friends (c) you eat in the open air (d) you
(a) plane, mini-bus and boat (b) plane, train and
eat to music
minibus (c) boat, train, plane and private car (d) boat,
7 If you rellsb something,
train, mini-bus and plane
(a) you really enioy it (b) you experience it for the first
2 You will visit Sydney
time (c) you always remember it (d) you frnd it such a
(a) rvrice - at the beginning and the end (b) once - at
strong experience that you are almost afraid
the end (c) before you go to Melbourne (d) immediately
8 If something is eerie,
after Adelaide
(a) it is surprisingly large (b) it stands out from
J Ayers Rock is
everything else (c) it is rather strange and frightening
(a) on the coast (b) in the desert (c) only accessible by
(d) it is very isolated
mini-bus (d) famous for its restaurants
9 The coastal binterland is
4 The outback is the name for
(a) the place where the land meets the sea (b) the land
(a) remote areas of Australia (b) any remote desert area
just inland from the coast (c) about two nautical miles
(c) the area around Ayers Rock (d) the area where the
into the sea (d) where the Great Barrier Reef is situated
rainforest is very dense
10 A comprebensiue tour is a tour where
5 Afirct class sleeper is
(a) everything is clearly explained by a tour guide
(a) an extremely comfortable bed in a hotel room
(b) a tour where you don't have to pay for anything
(b) a person who is able to sleep easily (c) a seat in a
extra as everything is included in the price (c) a tour that
plane that reclines so that you can sleep in it (d) a train
includes everything that is important (d) a tour where
on which a passenger can sleep in a bed during an
you do everything as a group
overnight journey

36
 unit
I
b How would you know this extract comes from a travel
brochure? Look at content and style.
3 Vocabulary... in words
a Replace the words in italics with one word beginning with
in. Att the words are in Unit 8 of the Studentt Book'

e.g. In British justice you are considered zo,

guilty Lnnoc;ent of a crime until it has
been proved.

1 The statue was shaped like an upside doum

c A lot of very complimentary adiectives (exbtlarattng,

2 The cat's still and lifeless body lay
olbrant, etc.) are used in this passage, obviously to make
by the side of the road.
the whole trip sound as tempting as possible.
3 This land has always been too baren and
List the adjectives here: arid for arry crops to grow
4 The elephant is originally natiue
to India.
5 \(re like to spend our holidays in a village liued
tn only by fishermen.
6 Her expression was so lrx))sterious
that we had no idea what she was really thinking.
7 The country remained free from entry by aforeign
ctrruy for over one hundred years
8 Although the snake looks dangerous, it is actually
completely barmless
d Circle those that could also be used to describe people.
9 Mike and Helen ftnally got divorced because their
Choose three and write a sentence for each describing a lifestyles were compbteb) different to eacb
person or place you have encountered.
otber
e.g. I olwags admired Audreg for looking eLegant eyen Lf she'd 10 Mia had no objection to the custom and practice
just spent oLL nlg|6 sitting up Ln a t;oLn. of marriage, although she herself
(i) preferred to remain single.

b These adjectives are all connected with danger and poison:

(ii) lethal poisonous t@cic uenctmctus fatal deadly

1 V/hich is often used to describe harmful

waste?
(iii) 2 lfhich two would be used to describe something that
could easily kill, such as a chemical or bacteria?

3 Vhich can describe an accident or illness that causes

2 Writing 4
someone's death
\7hich two can describe a snake that can seriously harm
You have been asked to write a short piece about your people it bites?
home town for a travel brochure, to encourage English- c Here are some dangerous animals. Can you name them?
speaking tourists to spend tin:e in your region. The anagrams will help you.
Start with a short general description, picking out the main
highlights. Then describe a three-day tour with details of
TUSOMOQT CUPOTOS
what travellers would see, where they would stay and
how they would get around..
LYHELFIJS RSKAH
5<E
LORDOCECI REPDIS

37
 unit
$

4 Writing o aa a a a tr a t aaaa a a a a a a a aaa aaaaa a aa a a

a
Do you have any dangerous animals in your country? Write
Pause for thought a
a
about 100 words warning a visitor what to be careful of, "Australla ls a htcky courrtry ntt malnly by second-rate a
people ubo sbare its luck " a
using some of the adjectives from 3b. (lf you can,t think of a
any, look back in your Student's Book at what Bill Bryson Donold Richord Horne 1964
a
a
says about Australia and write about its dangers instead).. aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa

{<r 6 Written commentary

5 Gap passage
Write one suitable word in each space.
* Film Dourn Uncler
Everyone's favourite Australian flm has got to
be
trtluriel's Weddng , so if you haven,[ u*"r, it, go
out to
the yideo shop right now. There are no prizes for
euessing that, it's a fllm about geitlng marrled.. Not so
ChangUg Australia much about 1ove, or even about the pluses and
minuses of ihe blessed wedded sLaLe. For our heroine,
Ivluriel, a kind of large lumpy gjrl, has fallen jI love
Australia has changed in recent years I I ]
wlth the idea of a white weddjng. Alt her friends are
being a mirror image of British society' drawing its new population dolrrg ir, and it,s probably the only way her crooked
mainly from EuroPe, [2] a truly multi-
politiciarr father and spaced.-out mother are gojrg
identhy' to
cuhural society wrth rts t3] --------- approve of her at a1l. Trouble is, there,s not a
Whereas once Australian travellers were likely to head boJrfriend in sight, let a.1one one who might propose.
Europe and visit the Places their In desperalion, Muriel marries a E;uy who want,s
t4l
ancestors had [5] from, nowadaYs theY Australian citizenship so he can be irl the AusLraLian
are [6] as likely to be found in Olyrnpic lea,rn. It doesn't work out of course, bu[
neighbouring countries around the Pacific, \4uriel makes something of herself in the end _
7) feel more like home.And although though I won't, teil you how.
was Europeans who colonised and Il's a fllm that raises a lot of quest,ions about
t8l
fema.le roles, and the fairy prlrrcess ideas abou[ white
explored Australia in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries'
asserted their own weddings. Do all girls dream of ihe dress, the B1g Day,
native Australians [9]
of land which the guests, and aU tha,t stuff? We guys are trying to
rights in recent years, gaining control
r r nr been taken from them, and
avoid i[ l1ke the p1a6ue, right? So are you g:rls rea\z
sti1l dreaming about that stuff? As m5r mother used- Lo
campaigning successfullY Il l] say, you're golng to end up cryhg. Anyhow, lr,{uriel
Australia now
discrimination and racism. ln many ways, Britain and
r

sees through it all i.n the end, poor dear, w1th a little
face some of the I l2] challenges, as the
help from a bounchg Abba sor.rndtrack. The kind of
a large
countries adapt to new waves of economic immigration' music we al.I love to habe, just like lr4ur1e1 reagr.
illegal'A mutti-cuttural
part of 3)| _-_-----.-is
rl ql the old idea ofa oneJanguage Comment in about 20G-250 words upon the text. Use the
of life for
,o.*tyGf.r ono **pt"d [16] . questions below to help. Give reasons for your opinions
absotted
everyone.Will new immigrants eventually become and back your statements with examples from the text.
rI 7l the national life' or are we seeing
1 \fhere do you think the text is taken from?
a new krnd of
ih.d"""l"p.""t [18] - 2 Vhat is the sublect matter of the text?
society in U9) being'differen{ will no
at least' 3 From whose point of view is the text written? \7hat is the
longer be noticeable or seem unusual?The advantages'
or Sydney will effect of this? Is the language colloquial or formal? Give
are-easy to sPot' as any visitor to London
eat' new kinds of
examples.
appreclate - a whole range of things to
of 4 \7hat point do you think the text is trying to make? Does
entertainment, and the breaking [20] it do this successfullY?
social divisions. .lfhat
5 is the effect of this text on you, the reader?

-
{<r
38
 unit
I
7 Text for literarY comment
through the
The thin grey tarmacked road snaked the same.
outback to the horizon, which shimmered in the They'gave Rita the gold medal in the end.
noonOuy heat as if it were the light
of paradise itself'
Rita
on the road since
We had risen at dawn and been
expanse of the
seven. At first the empty, endless 2 Guryneth was so scared that she harclly dare move'
colour of the earth
bush and the violent, cherry-red
anxious' But now' after So
nad made me feel lonely and
had become
three weeks' driving, my eyes
I experienced an
accustomeO to the bareness, and not bus.

exhilarating sense o{ freedom' It's

would
found myself fascinated by details that
I
my notice' The cracks in the .i Someone has stolen my new sports car!
ordinarily have escaped
patterns in my mind' NIy
dry, red earth formed
The
suggesting demons, castles, monsters'
was, consisted of small' almost to help me because can't help myself.
u"lEtution, such as it
and desiccated roots It's
lea]tess shrubs. Their exposed
resembled nothing so much as nests of writhing
of its own'
snakes. The place had an alien beauty all Tl-re things that happened next were extraordinary
upon a dried-up river
From time to time we came what
ghost gum trees' their
creek lined with silver-barked
bare branches held up to the sky in silent goal was scor-ed in the last minute.
supplication for the rain that so rarely came' II
We
The rain, when it came, changed everything'
the rains after the first week of u,here we are going to stay the night.
had experienced
us to
driving, a torrential downpour that had forced Ifherever
take shelter for several days in the nearest shanty
town. When we set out again' we found our leep events l>egan in March
papery
infested with grasshoppers, their brown Ir
vehicle' so that
I UoOi"t caught up in every part of the
air as
tor Oays the smell of burnt insects hung in the
I me something really encouraging.
we drove

so that it contains the word in

Comment on the text above from a literary point of view, meaning stays the same.
using the questions below to help you. Back up your
statements with reasons and examples from the text. done nothing about the buses for years. HAS
Use 200-250 words.

L \7hat is the theme of the passage?

2 lflould you describe the point of view as obiective, rvorried about the history examination. IS

subjective or omniscient?
3 llfhat is the tone of the text? Is the passage mainly
narrative or descriptive? the body as a result of a phone
4 Does the author succeed in evoking the feel and look of
the Australian bush?
5 How does the author use colour in the text?
6 \fhat figures of speech are used? I don't knor.v where you fbund that hat. DID
7 rtr7hat is your response to the text?

{<t
39
I Unit
5 \ffhen I read rhe paper, I knew what had happened.
IT 9 I haven't seen a really good film for a long time.
It's a long time _

6 A passer-by found my wallet afld gave it to the police. They are servicing our car tomorrow
\$TAS 'We
are

Raphrase each *ntence so that it contains the word in

7 I don't know *'hy you came here in the first place. DID
Gapitats, and so the meaning stays the same.

1 If you've got a headache, why noi take an aspirin? TRy

{l Jean gave us sornethiog to eat but it tasted awful. \W}IAT

They believe thar rhe murderer is hiding in the

mountains. BE
9 The sheer waste of money makes me angry. IS

10 3 I wish you'd told me rhere was a holiday! MIGHT

They are repairing the lift tomorow. IS

I can't bear any more noisel PLrT

C Rephrase each sentence, beginning a5 shown, so that the
meaning stays the same.

1 'l'he tl'ain doesn't leave on time every day so we are iate. 5 'Happy Birthday!' she said. ME
If

2 Travelling by plane is always tiring. 6 Luckily they weren't late for the play. YET
Ir's

J The bank-robbers vanishecl betbre the police anived. 7 \Vhat's the plan for tomorrow? WE
By the time

-1 lt's the uncefiainty that wonies me. 8 Diane didn't manage to finish all her work on time
\X/har ABLE

5 We might cleciclc' to go to Spain this summer.

Wc're
9 We'd like Harry not to use his mobile phone in class.
RATHER
6 It would be a good idea for you to leave.
I think you'd
10 Check the meaning of the word in your dictionary
7 I'd advise you to reapply oext year.
rooK
If

8 They shor:ld have delivered the package yesterday.

The pack:rge

4a
 TYpically English
9
I Reading c How would you describe the tone of this article (ironic
humorous / informative etc.) and why?
/

The typical English man is doing an ever larger share of the

housework - or so the following article tells us.

Women may flnd it hard to believe but Britain is less

than 15 years away from sexual equality in the home. By
2OL5, domestic chores such as cleaninS and cooking wiil
be split down the middle, according to i new report from d Do you think this article was written by a man or a
The Future Foundation. woman? Give your reasons.
The gender gap is already narrowing with about two
in three men doing more around the house than their
fltherl and the same proportion of women doing less
than their mothers. This trend is the result of the greater
of working women who have less time fo, aoing
tqb.,
the housework. In 1 9 5 1, only one in four married
women went out to work, but today it's more like
70 per cent. e Finish the following sentences to express some of the ideas
Increasing numbers of singfle men are doing from the passage:
-
housework because they have no partner. tn t dZa, young
single men made up just 4 per cent of households,
1 Many more women today
but
now they account for more than B per cent. This number
will increase, as will the number oiworking women, so 2 In 2015, couples will
there will soon be more female than male ilorkers.
Roles tend to be negotiated by every couple
depending 3 Compared with their fathers,
on their individual circumstances and the important
thing is who has the time to do the houseworir and
not 4 Female workers will soon
whether they are a man or a woman.

. Hoyever, men may not be as altruistic as they seem

when they offer to take on more housework. Sport 5 The number of single men living alone
is the
major spur for sporadically developing a passion
for
cleaning and more than a third of men inirease
their f Explain the following using your own words:
domestic duties in the run-up to a large sporting
event in
11
effort to appease theirpartnerr. priorio Engiand
s 1 men may not be as altruistic as they seem
World Cup qualifler against Germany, a third o"f
men ditl
more than four times their normal housework.

2 sport is the major spur

a Give the passage a title:

3 sporadically
b Summarise the article in 20-25 words:
4 in the run-up to

5 to appease their partners

6 England's qualifier

4t
a t
 Unit
9

? Writing * British culture

ln your country is there sexual equality in the home? Write ,t
about 10(F150 words, giving details of the current Y

situation, talking about changes and comparing it to the I

situation in Britain.

You can write this as a short newspaper article or as a

conversation between a couple about who should do what
when it comes to housework.

{<6
3 Vocabulary Test your knowledge of British people, places and
institutions. Choose the correct answer from the box.
Choose the correct word to complete each sentence:
Dounit'tg Sffeet lJahruffal Oxford Street
I Some nationalities use their hrncls tt-r
while they are speaking
Heatbrow tbe Tharues Cambridge Carcliff
(a) scoff (b) gesticulate (c) threaten (d) explain Wim.bledon the Pennines the Grond National
2 The image of sport will if
Which isr
something is not done to stop all the dmg scandals
(a) sink (b) fail (c) degenerate (d) die 1 a mountain r:tnge dou,'n the centre of England?
3 The corruption in may lead to the
fall of the government. 2 the main shopping area in London?
(a) compatriots (b) countrymen (c) high places
(d) influence
4 Countries that are about their
J where the British Prirne Minister lives?

language don't want everyone to speak English and

fr-rrgetthcir roots. 4 the river on u'hich Lonclon is situated?
(a) arrogant (b) treacheror-rs (c) conformist
(d) cl-rauvinistic 5 the capital of Vales?
5 The group leader was so clomineering 6 a famous annttal horse race?
and , always bossing everyone
around, that he *'as asked to resign.
(a) overbearing (b) inconstant (c) vainglorious (d) rash
7 a town famous for its prestigious r.rniversity?

6 Some people find lokes about other

nationalities but I consider them 8 London's major airpot?
to be in bad taste. 9 the Queen's Scottish residence?
(a) stereorypical (b) stylish (c) positive (d) hilarious
7 lt's always a mistake to 10 the venue for a top tennis toltrnament?
your opponent.
(a) conform to (b) raise (c) underestimate (d) underclass
8 \iflhen I'm abroad I really English
radio. 5 Revision: Britain and the British,
(a) admire (b) miss (c) support (d) honour
England and the English.
9 lt's difficult to what exactlY it
means to be English. Fill in each blank with one word only.
(a) pinpoint (b) extract (c) deal with (d) notice
If you were born in the United Kingdon.r of
10 He was such a - interviewer that
Great and Northern lreland, you
politicians were quite nervous about coming on his citizenship. A
hold
prograffIme. returning home after a trip abroad
(a) foreign (b) conservative (c) deep (d) pugnacious will have to show a cLrrrent passport.
-

42
 unit
!
People born in Scotland will usually refer to themselves a aaaaaaaaaaataaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaata
a a
as or and a
a
Pause for thought a
never which is another name a
a ulll be bonoured by blstorlans motefor the a
for whisky. a "Brltaln t
a utay sbe dlsposed of an emplre tbanfor tbe utay in a
Some of the Velsh, particularly those from the north, a a
a wbiclt sbe acqulred lt." a
speak as their first language; a a
Lord Horlech 1962
likewise is spoken in parts of Ireland. a a
a oaaaaaaraaaaaaaaaaaa aaaaaa aa la a a a
A typical English breakfast is seldom eaten by
the themselves but is often sen ed in 7 Written commentary
bed-and-breakfasts to studene who have come to leam
about literature.
Ihqve[s fin Dtsgu8se
6 Gap passage The next day, I phoned aplacenear Salisbury
I Yes, yes,
there was a shower.
and booked a room.
I could pay by credit-card. My luck
Write one suitable word in each space. was improving, and I spent the day at Stonehenge. ,Italian?,
asked
the guy at the car-park. ,No, it's just the cu,' I said. .Belongs
to ar

How o to o be. English

Italian friend of mine.' I considered having the story printerl
on
cards. After a day wandering about with the
tourists, I reached
Garden farm round about six. It was a long low
The best way to learn how to be English, is to make bungalow of a
place, not afxm otall as far as I could ,... H... r.
t1l .-- that You Yourself come from
thought, the wonders of the English bed-and-breaKast,
go again, I
somewhere I2l This is because the first ,,i r*g
the English identity, the bell.
important feature [3]
is such a thing, is that nobody in A short fussy woman, Mrs Bridges she said,
if t4l showed me to my
England believes that [5] exists. The room, 'This is the shower,' she said loudly, leading
me to the door.
Scots wear kilts and eat haggis, the Welsh live in valleys and She waved two kqa in front of my face. .This
key is for the room,,
grow leeks, but the English seem t0 have only hooligans, rain with more pointing, ,and this one is for the fronidoor., .Fine,,
I
and the 0ueen. Most English people t6l-.-- said, 'l think I get the picture., .you speak the
language well,, she
-
that this is not as good [7] a national
.sad,
't ve been practising since I was born,'
t repled. This stopped
costume. 0ther things to do if you want t0 behave lier in her tracks. ,ltalian?' she said. ,No, English.
I,m from
t8l- an English fashion include believing Baltimore. The car's ltalian. I'm Ameriqan.,
that forming a queue is of world importance, that one should She looked aI me in disbelief. ,That must
be nice,, she said. ,Are
never complain when things are [9] you here on business?'I glanced out
the window at the fields
wrong (especially in restaurants), and that everything English stretclfng to the horizon. V/hy was I there? ,No, I'm
best. And in order to put these iust a tounst,, I
t1 0I lied. I had daidgd that my book was none of her
beliefs [1 1] --
Practice, You should was going to put her in it a[ right. And the
business, though I
shower rhat, as I
complain loudly [12] the poor service in
discovered later, didnl work properly.
the pub as you push into a queue of visiting tourists, while
waving your Spanish beer in one hand.
113l is because being English is never Comment in about 200-250 words upon the text. Use the
[14]
quite it seems. Another important guestions below to help you. Give reasons for your
thing to remember is that being English opinions and back your statements with examples from
l15l- alwaYs having to say sorry, and the text.
please, and thank-you, as often t1 6l
I \0here do you think the text is taken frorna
possible, provided that you don't really -- 2 \7hat is the subjecr mafter of the text?
t17l it. Finally, and if you get these right
-
you achieve a kind [18] automatic
3 From whose point of view is the text written? tI(hat is the
your
effect of this?
honorary Englishness straight away, love dog
gl than your children, never kiss
4 tUflhat point do you think the text is trying to nrake? Does
11
it do this successftllly?
anYone tzol Your dog in Public, and
always warm the teapot before putting in the tea. You see,
5 Vhat is the effect of this text on you, the reader?
you're a little more English already.
{<r ^'"i",."d{Uh

43
-
-
 unit
!
& Grammar
2 I never imagined that my dream would come true
a Choose the most appropriate wotds underlined:
Never
1 lean conld see that sorneone had moved/had beerl
rnovir-rs hcr'bike .
3 It s inrpossible to get into the house n'ithout a key
2 As soorr es.lirn had unper'k,:tl. h-rii lrccn unpacking his tlnless
suitcasc. hc N'etrt oUt tc) cat.
3 I tlidn't have time to make the call because I had 4 I ought to be going.
itudicd:1rad-bec!-sludyuC hard all tuorning. It's tirne I
{ llv thc tinrc I g()t t() tlte Llo()r. thc nty'steriotls strallger
( lis.{l )r)u:rred /lutcl dis:tDoeat t't[.
5 I'm sorry that you've had to wait.
5 When he reacl the letter. Ilarn knerv that Ger:rge had
I'm sorry t<r
lieclrhad bc'en lying all along,
(r l'he tcrchcr stopped tllkirtg u'hertr she stlu' tirat the class
6 AithoughJim was iniured, he finished the match.
hadn't peid,'hrrdn't hcen prr) ing rrltcnti()n.
In spite of
? \(rhen I q.'as verr, young. I rvent,/had been to a primary
sch<>ol near tny hottse.
I 'l'he moment he arivcd at school. Gary realised that he 7 Ve'll miss the first lesson
'We won't arrive in
lirruolrhad lirrsr)lten his ftlotlr:rll h<xrts.
9 Fionn hoped,/had hopecl t() get a ticket for the rock
conceft. l-'rr,rt it \\as solcl ottt. 8 ![hat time does the train leave?
10 When Steve returned home tt:n yeers later, he could see Do you think you
that nothing char.rged/had changed.

b Put each verb in brackets into the (orrecttense- Past d Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in
Perfect Simple, Past Perfect Continuous or Past Simple. capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.
Onty use Past Perfect Simple if it is absolutely necessary for 1 Bad weather caused the power cttt. DUE
the sense. More than one answer may be possible.

1 Sue \,'ent Io the door, but u'hoevet rang the bell

(go) 2 I think that the play is going to begin. ABO[IT
2 I tric'cl to get ()tlt thc cloor. l)tlt r;()flleone
(lock) ir.

J Nobrxly realised that it (start) to

3 Our educational system is not the same as the English
snow until it n'as too late. one. DIFFERINT
4 When I (see) Anna, I (congratulate)
her on rvinning the prize
5 Ily the time the police (arrtue)-, th"
4 Is it all right if I leave a few minutes early? MAY
burglar (vantsh)
6 The ckrctor didn't arrive until 11.00, and bv then Mark
(wait) f<rr trvo hours.
7 It took Paula three years to find out that her husband 5 Nobody knows about future events. \7HAT
(b€) nrarriecl rw-icc lreforc
8 ,iirn eventually (find) l.ris missing
suitcase, but by then the train (leave) 6 I wish I hadn't missed your birthday party. PITY
9 Sam looked in the fiidge for something to eat, but his
brother (eat) ...-_._.....--- everythinS'
10 In tl're end nobocly was quite sure what
(happen) the night before 7 Sally knows how to handle difficult situations. DEALING

c Rephrase each senten(e, beginning as shown, so that the

meaning stays the same. here.
8 I didn't expect to see you l"\ST
i 'Do yru knos, v"'here the library is. Ann':' asked Tom.
Tom asked Ann

44
 a

Positive
a

10
1 Reading a Where do you think this passage
reasons?
comes from? Give your

Did you know that 20 per cent of us are terrified of flying?

But help is at hand. Many airlines run special courses to
help people use positive thinking to overcome their fear.

ENJO? IOUB FTICHT !

Planes are enormous, heavy things that float implausibly
five
miles above the ground and occasionally kill large
numbers of
b Explain in your own words, why some people are so afraid
people. ls it any wonder that one in five
of the population is of flying?
scared of flying? And some so scared that they
are unable to get
on a plane at all? Can a cure be found for this
altitude sickness?
Try a one-day course in flying without fear to find out.

Firstly, experts will give you the facts. per hour

travelling, flying
on British planes is 15 times safer than travelling
by car on
British roads and 3g0 times safer thtn motorcych:ng.
Since 1gg0,
the death rate on British airlines
his been only 0 0i+ per billion
passenger kilometres. c How do the courses described address these fears?

Clear explanations of how an aircraft actually

flies help to tackle
the aspects of the process that cause most
anxieties. Turbulence
is the biggest worry. However, although
its uncomfortable, its
also commonplace and pranes are burrt to
dear with it" The roar
of the engines at take-off and unexpected
noises cause fear in
others, but once again these have rational
explanations and are
a perfectly normal part of the mechanics
of flying.
d Explain the following flying terms:
All this is very reassuring but for many, it doesn,t
basic issues. Their fear resides at a more primitive
address the 1 altitude
tevet anO
reason alone won't cure it. psychological
help is also needed.
Fear of flying, like many other phobiJs,
i, ,.rt rO Lv- 2 turbulence
'catastrophising'
- obsessively running tnrough Jisaster
scenarios. The simplest solution involves
men'tal discipline _ you 3 take off
simply stop yourself. The moment you find yourself
picturing the
worst - engines catching fire, crash landing
in the jungle, 4 crash landing
oxygen supply running out etc. _just
stop. Switch your
thoughts to something much more pleasant
anj graluaf ly the
habit will weaken. e What do you understand by ,catastrophising,?
It/any people are helped by these courses,
often simply by the
realisation that they are not alone. Beassuring
otf.,ri, *itf,
similar, or worse, fears encourages some
to feel braver and
more in control themselves. Being
able to fly op.r, up the world
and just remember - you would hive
to ,pril 4,100- y.ars in the
air to have even a fifty-fifty chance
of , t trf
"rrfr.

4)
10 ""n
f Various facts and figures are given to illustrate the safety colloquial
of flying. Which do you find the most reassuring and why? background priority
learning eilL\'
dinner etpression
high subscribed
definitive up
totally inuitation
over iuformation
natural expertence
well educated
g What are your own feelings about flying, and has this clam giltted
passage affected them? aid dnsu,er
pure communicator

b Now write three sentences, using at least two of the

collocations from 3a in each one.

e.g.Even though I Llke to think of mgself os weLL educated,

lrn not a noturaL communLaf'or ond tend tn cLam up
unf orltmoteLy in trickg sltuotlons.

(D
2 Writing: Self-help solutions
a What other methods could people use to calm their fear of
(ii)
flying? Write about 100-150 words putting forward some
further ideas you think could usefully be included in such a
(ourse. or offered to nervous Passengers as a alternative'
(iii)
You might like to consider some of the following:
bypnosls / simulatorJtigltts / relaxation exerclses /
pilk ,/ sleepi.ng ,/ alcobol / readi'ng ,/ music / praying

{<E 4 Revision: Accuracy

Look carefully at each of the following sentences. lf it is
b A friend from England has arranged to fly out to see you
correct, write CORRECT on the line below. lf there are
for a holiday and you have both been looking forward to it
mistakes (in vocabulary / spelling / punctuation etc.) write
very much. Howevei she was recently involved in a bus
out the corrections.
accident and, although not injured, has since developed a
bit of a phobia about all kinds of transport, flying included' 1 The childrens' teacher decided to immigrate to Australia
Sl're has written to say that she may have to cancel her trip as she had relatives in SYdneY.
as she is beginning to have nightmares about the flight'

Write her a reassuring and encouraging letter, suggesting 2 The volunteers had very little ressources at their disposal

how she might use the power of positive thinking to but managed to improve the conditions at the hospital.
overcome her fears.
3 Most schools now have counsellors that students can talk

{<E to if they feel dePressed.

4 British airways staff run regular courses to help people to

3 VocabularY: Collocation overthrow theY're fear of flYing'

a Choose the correct word from the box to complete each

two-word collocation. All the collocations are from Unit 10 5 It's often useful to have some background informations
on the author before you start to read a book'
of the Student's Book.

46
 ,"n
10

6 The words progress and commitment are bandied about aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaataaaaaaaaaaaoa

a a
regularly by politicians. a Pause for thought a
a a
a "If utay to tbe Berter tbere be, lt exacts afull laok at ?
7 Tbe Best lYay To Enjoy Flying is published by Penguin a a
and costs Iive pounds and ninety-five pence. a tbe utorst." a
a a
Thomos Hordy I902
a a
8 How confident are you to achieve your ambitions?
a aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa t

9 Take full responsability for what happens to you and

5 Written commentary
you'll becorne much more powerfull.

10 In diff,cult times, you should be careful not to take your

Practice fitahes, gerlcct
problems out on other people. Giving things up is my speciality'
ln fact' l'mso good at it that I
makes pertect as mey say'
do it o:ver ard over again. Practice
get giving it up right'
,nO on. of these days I'm going to f,nally
;;t"ok ;.king hot, Uui atwap remembering that it would
5 Gap passage n. Uon, if *. hain't taken it up in the first place' You'll
never

Write one suitable word in each space,

;;C; ;ilitrp, mv husband sanity'
said, it became amarital
so
I
;;;*rit^ challenge to my nicotine first timeI I tried
a The
on
sweets' was
reolaced cisarettes with those nasty
easier to
day after awhile, and suddenly it seemed
Exn i1 PRE pilpiiT
nily *"o".
i !:! i! ;t;;ki;
Lfa*tii.tt
in. tla thing The second attemptwas
had lasted for rurt I was so illl couldn't
attBr
smoke
abad

Are you one of those students

tll _ leaves
,n*uu. so I thought, why not? But then someone in the
office
everything until the last m0ment, ,rd t[.*try, a cigaritte and I thought why not a second time'
l2l all night drinking coffee just before the
offlri n ,
examrnationi Or pertraps vou worry - .- si$.
t3l _ much
Vhich brings me on t0 losing weight' Now, like
the
that you never do anythingl 0r do you e*aust on this' I can
maioritv of the iemale population, I am an
expert
-_-- revising everything, underlining important
at to eaito lose weight, exactly how mlch
!o],
---..
pornts, and rewriting your notes,
so that [5]
nfiror'iuu *t
'to and
,-."it take, how you should never starve yourself'
I -
the time.yo.ureach the examination ,oor, yor?, ti*U *t? ltijrrt m
endless other stuff. We've got awhole shelfload of bools devoted
easy to do [6].-.----..----..----..------- little as it is t0 d0 too much. so we' My husb.and, bles him'
nere are some suggestions to ttr, trni.rt at home. 'i{iell, I say
rirstoitg] ' '---
[7]
in the pub and eats
yourwork.
, bel,si,'#Hl:
r.r^ to U, able to spend most of the time
skinny as
his way through mountains of chips and still
sJaF
good waiting rrtit ittffiand T
saying, 'tf t10l
_ -- t dJtudied hirder then the onl piece 6f spaghetti I'm eating as
part of my diet' No' I
me the same shry
beforehand.' glve Vourseft a reasorranfe revision
period and know itisn't fair. The bathtoom scales tell
t11l _ a list 0f what you intlnd to cover each
too, I'm afraid. 0h well, if at first you don't succeed ' ' '

Ua}l. fnen?eciOe on tUl

much time you are
go]nS to spend revising e;ch dry. Doniorerdo it, U.rrrrc you stiil
t13l _ time to relax and meet your friends.
Comment in about 200-250 words upon the text. Use the
eueryonerrries, U,rt g;erally speaking, questions below to help you. Give reasons for your
a two houisiint of studying
followed by a break for some relaxation opinions and back your statements with examples from
is more
the text.
to be successful. After all, when you get
111,- .r--r_
tired, it s t1 5l
to concentrate, and even 1 \Vhere do you think the tex is taken from?
harder to remember. you can alwffi more 2 What is the subject matrer of the text?
!1l-* __-- . _ , but studying deep into the night is not
generaly recommended. Studying
3 From whose point of view is the texr written? rJ7hat is the
- with friends effect of this? ttr/hat is the tone of the text?
l17l
rrnr H
be useful, provided you 4 Uthat point do you think the text is trying to make? Does
,lo, _.--=.- get distracted, because two it do this successfully?
heads are
always better [19]
one. Finally, get some 5 Vhat is your response to the tex?
fresh air and exercise, ;;
thit;akesrou [20 j
better, and more confident
{<5
47
 u*'
10

3 Grammar c Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the

meaning stays the same.
a Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the
1 I'm slrre you f'elt very foolishl
meaning stays the same.
You
haven't got a bike so I can't ride it to school.
2 I think Jack is lying
I don't think
2 Iwishlhad more time to spend playing basketballl
3 You ought to do some serious work
It's time
lunch inside.
Should 4 I'd like to fly like a bird.
I wish
time available, the bridge would
5 '\flould you like to come to lunch, Jim?' said Mary
r Mary invited

the ans*'ers! 6 It will take us two years to rebuild the cathedral.

If In two years time we

into trouble. 7 I'll phone you on my arrival.

Tf someboclv As soon as

didn't *'in. 8 Do you fancy going to the cinema?

If .lim Do you f".l

8I d Rephrase each sentence so that it contains theiivord in

IfI capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.'
1 It's a pitY you can't stay. \71SH
form. More than

2 It wasn't easy to make the decision. A

I (come)

2 If you (press) that button. I'm 3 The second Terminator film is my favourite BEST
sure that the comPuter (starO .- '

i Il'otrr team (be) to win the t ttp'

e\.cryone (be) very surPrisedl
4 Pat and Donna's wedding is in June. ARE
4 Thirt.v years ago if you (see) '-._-=-..- a girl
with a trlttoo, you (be) shocked.
5 I'm so sorry. If onlY 1 (knew) that
you (corne) oo that train, I 5 It's possible that I picked up yours by mistake' MIGHT
{ meet I you at the station.
6 If we (take) a taxi like I saicl. we
(b€) - at the church bY now' 6 According to some people, Elvis is still alive' SAID

7 Don't go near the edgel If you (fall)

in the sea, someone (have to)
lump in and rescue You. 7 Do you have any plans for tomorrow? ARE
8 If 1,611 (be) ....-.- to ask me what I
thought, I (not know) what to saY'

-
48
 'Women's work
11
Here are three one-sentence summaries of the passage'
I Reading
a
Choose the one you consider to be the best:

(a) Three British women are aiming to be the first team to

walk to the North Pole over moving pack ice'
(b) An all-female Polar expedition has shown that mental
endurance is more important than brute strength'
(c) Age and sex are no barriers when it comes to Polar
expeditions, as long as you are fit and determined'

I consider to be the best because

b Now write a one-sentence summary yourself,

Three middle-aged Engiish women are setting out
together to smash records, push into new scientific
territory, and by becoming the first British all-female
expedition to reach the North Pole on foot, complete a
truly unique double. Ann Daniels, 37, Caroline Hamilton,
35, and Pom Oliver, 50, conquered Antarctica in 2000 so
are now aiming be the first all-women's team in the
world to have tamed both Poles. c What is the'truly unique double' referred to in
The trio will suffer temperatures lower than -40.C paragraph one?
and provide evidence of human powers of mind over
matter. They will pull nearly twice their own weight in
supplies for more than 500 miles on moving pack ice.
This has been likened to running a daily marathon for
months on end and is an amazing feat of physical and
mental endurance. d Explain in your own words the expression 'mind
The team don't want to start eating into their own over matte!".
muscle mass in order to survive so they have all had to
put on weight before they start. Daniels, mother of
triplets, has been eating bread and cakes to increase her
normal weight by about 12 kilos and build up a good
layer of insulation. Although they have all been doing
endurance training with the Royal Marines, their
manager says that at least TOVo of the feat will be mental. e Finish these sentences:
For the expedition, the team have invented a sludgy 1 The women had to put on weight to avoid
food called 'mullarkey' which is a mixture of oats,
slightly salted butter, melted snow and drinking
chocolate. Each morning they will have a hot porridge-
type breakfast and hot drinks made from boiling snow.
As fresh fruit is too heavy to carry, multi-vitamins are 2 The team took multi-vitamins to compensate
taken to compensate. While moving, they graze on
chocolate bars and nuts and only when they stop for the
night do the team get to feast on a rehydrated meal.

49
 unir
1l
f How do you:
S Equal Rights
I 'tame'a PoleT
Here is a passage about feminism. Choose the correct word
or expression from the box below to fill each space.

2 'srnash'a record?
ser/sf ureaker sex cliscrlmlnatlon
sexes politically ittcorrect femlnist
tbe battle of tbe
ma.le cbauttinists sex<)bjects militat ts
3 make'food 'sludgy'? second+lasscitizens gender-specific

A tll is a perccnt ubo belieues tbat

?toftrcn sbould baue tbe same rigbts, power and opportunities
4 'graze'on chocolate bars?
as men and u'bof.gbts [2J
_ against
uomen wbereuer it may occur. Many actiuely campaign
tct cbange tbe laws and tbese [3J
g Here are two suggested titles for the article: Ice Maidens giue tbe ratber military expression [4]
or Snou) Queens. Suggest two more: a wbole new meaning. Tbey object strongly to
t5l language and jokes and refuse to
be treated as [6] in terms of economic
or social status. Aduertiserc u,bo ttse roomen
as [7J to sell tbeir products ntayfind
2 Writing: Letters expressing tbeir'posterc torn doun and [B]
sucb asfi;reman and beadmistress are nou considered
words

strong opinions tel and baue been replaced by neutral

Write two letters to the editor of the newspaper which terms sucb asfirefigbter and bead teacber. All
published this article. The first should be full of admiration tlol bad better uatch out! Our world k
for the women and what they have already accomplished cbanging and women are no longer tbe
and are aiming to achieve with their latest feat. you might t1ll !
include some of the following expressions and ideas:
cS Vocabulary: Collocation
express my d.eepest admiration,/ incrediblc
a.cbieoement ,/ strike a blott for u)ome?, eoeryutbere / Pair up each word in box A with the correct word in box B
proolf tbat life is not oaer afier JO / heroines of our to make '11 examples of collocation, all taken from the
time / sbining examplc ,/ role mod.ek ,/ inspire young Student's Book. Use them to answer the questions.
people / power of buman spirit etc.
The second letter should take the opposing view and be
A dramatic accident u,riting operatlng
deeply critical of what these women are doing. you might
ernergenc))big forcecl aduisorlt cbief
like to use some of these expressions and ideas:
sbrtpping economic

disappofurtment to see ,Donren aping men / futesponsiblc /

B cbange
at lea-st one is a motlxer / duq) to cbildrcn / putting selaes
in needlcss d.anger / u;aste of aahtable resources /
adds nothing to buman knowl.edge as men ltaoe already
done it etc,

Try to make each letter equally convincing and about the

1 tl7hich two can you make ?

same length (about 150 words). Conclude with a strong

exhortation to the editor (e.9. I hope to read fufiher articles 2 Vhich fwo can you be?
os i.nspiring as thLs / I trust gou wLLl, concentrate on the trilg
newsworthu Ln lhe future) 3 \fhich two can you be in?

*<5 4 '$fhich two can you go on?

50
 Urut
11

5 Which two can You imProve? 6 Written commentarY

6 Vhich one can You hunt?

aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaal""t""""
Bost<<>oPorE agree that educating boys
and
a Anyone with any sense would In
Pause for thought a
a gfls together after the age of eleven is
a disastrous idea.
seParate schools for the
SCXCS

tat born 4 tuom,nb- onc becomes one'"

a fact there is a lot to be said for
'One ls a ,bvious that girls and boys ha ve
a from seven 0r ei$ht. It's o
Simone de Beouvoir I 949 play ln dilTerent ways, and
a different interests study and
t of cducation. of c0urse, this
IS
aeaaaaaaroaaaaaaaaaa""o""" require quite different kinds and
be re stricted t0 needlework
not to argue that girls should
5 Gap passage flower ananging, plus languages
0r that only boys eni 0y
is
games like ru$bY footb all. The truth of the matter
Write one suitable word in each space. rou$h sted.
ep mixed group intere
that teachers find it hard to ke
S

that they are being made to studY

Boys si$h and complain
all the
'girly' thin$s, and girls get tired of boys taking
WOTIENAT limelight, 0r being nau$htY. DisciPline
IS also difficult for

ooHO|IEoo mixed groups, and boys tend

to fe el that they are suffering
from discrimination, AS girls tend
And AS far as the adolescent
to bc 'let off easily.'
years are conccrned, research
morc in all -girl schools, where
Besides the ongoing debate about equality cleuly shows that girls achieve
by the presence ofboys t
ofopportunity and pay
ttl women in the work-place, they are not continuallY distracted class AS
AS boys in the same
t2l still remarns the vexed question of may well work the other way t00,
off, instead of $ettin$
housework For many women, it's an all girls may spend the whole time showing
12t
LJ) familiar pattem of having to juggle down t0 some serious work.
way of educatin$ 0ur
responsibilities [4] work with another full- Mixed schools are simplY a cheap
for the current worryin$
time job when they come through the [5] children, and are largely resp onsible
Boys do not want t0 b e
door at night. ln Britain, the myth of the New Man is flourishing. decline m academic achievement.
gir1s shouid not be taught by
t5l rare species is happy to change the taught by w0men, and perhaPs
who argue that boys and girls
baby's nappies, go shopping, cook [l] men for rbvious reasons. Those
need to be at school together SO
that they learn t0 peacefullY
dinner; and even give up work to stay at home and run things
many schools recentlY.
while [8] woman ofthe house pursues co-exist have obviouslY not visited
her careen However; [9] There IS plenty of time outside
school for boys and girls t0
familiar pattern,
I r0] to a recent repor[ is that while many mlx When it COMES to the classroom, however, they should
men are willing to do some shopping and play be kePt flrmlY aPart.
!tl the children, and an increasing
number of men do the cooking, there are predictably
it 2l who get up in the night to Comment in about 250-300 words upon the text. Use the
l3l with the children, or do the washing questions below to help. Give reasons for your opinions
and ironing, And when I I 4]
_ comes to and back your statements with examples from the text.
cleaning the house, men are I 15] at using
1 \7here do you think the text is taken from?
a vacuum cleanen but less likely to scrub the floor; dust the
fumiture or clean the windows.Women,
2 \Vhat is the subiect matter of the text?

I 6] we know are famed for their

3 From whose point of view is the text written?'ufhat is the
I
effect of this?
adaptability and the solutions I l7] this
problem range I I 8]
4 tVhat point do you tlink the text is trying to make? Does
for help to paying
it do this successfully?
giving mothenin-law something to do. Another popular option is
-.- 5 V4rat is the effect of this text on yoll, the reader?
to not do any cleaning at all. I 19]
_ the
solution, it remains clear that equality between the sexes applies
just as
-_[20]
offlce or the factory.
to the home as it does to the
{<r
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11 "*'
4 On making a decision, we,ll be in touch.
As soon as
word or phrase underlined:
luggage/h-rggages have yotr got with 5 I really regret telling her abour Martin.
I wish
news today?' 'It's mainly about warlthe
6 Can one more person fit in here?
a/some difficult homework. Is there
is something sorne people
Please turn off your phone! It,s annoying!
I wish

looVlooks really lovely.

8 It was their enthusiasm which encouraged me.
and fell over.
What
term?

stancling lty the d Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in
capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.

ar any to fill each space, or leave 1 The starting time of the rehearsal is 10.00. DUE

2 Harry gets on well with his parents. RELATIONSHIP

flour. And I don't think we've

3 I hope to hear from you soon. FOR\fARD
pyjamas, and always prefers

means of
4 I presume that you haven't received the letter yet.
\TON'T
after that, and

new jeans,, but I haven't

5 Is this your street? \7HERE
accidents, Dave decided

research and I need 6 It wasn't necessary to bring our passports, after all.
HAVE
hairbrush, nail scissors and

beginning as shown, so that the 7 There are shops nearby. REACH

it already.
8 In the whole building, there was only one unbroken
window. BEEN
2 There is a repor-t that r.vagcs will lise .

It
9 Your hair is shorter. CUT
3 Paul really irritates rne.
Par:l really get.s

52
 relief
l[Comic
4
1 Reading
Having a good sense of humour is a British national
characteristic. _
5 Some nations are well-known for not having much of a
sense of humour.
6 People without a sense of humour did not evolve.
-
7 You don't laugh so much when you're alone. -
8 Laughing can be good for You. -
Corrections: -

b Explain in your own words what is meant by:

1 the punch line

2 a brain scan

3 canned laughter

4 a rowing machine

o'n'ill'J;n,rrr
sense 0f humour is {amous
Likewise',certain nations c What points are made about the importance of timing
oih'*out' Are these s.imply stereotypes? when telling a joke?
are notorious l0r their lack by
an evolutionary {unction?Ptrhaps
And how did laughter serve danger'
ol reliel at the passing ot
,rn'tg'pt,;i,, ila srrared moment Huloyr has been
trusl tn one's companions
0r as an indication ol
showntobesocial.eeoptearelotimesmorelikely.tolaughataioke
'-ffi ;;il,-fi iront''c*nto
a television
raughter' f irst ad.ded to
And
ffiilffi igso tuo u n'gt Jf{ect on audience reaction'
wint to fitand have lun' Laushins
d How might laughter have helped in human evolution?
ffiil;til;;-sior ar wrro keep
rowing machine'
minutes exercising on a
100 times is equal to ten

a Are the following statements about the passage true or

e Why do you think we laugh so much more when we are in
false? Write T or F and <orrect any false statements.
company?
1 If you log onto Laugh l"ab's website, a scan will be taken
of your brain. _
2 On the website, you will listen to iokes as well as read
them. _
J Teenagers like iokes about peoPle falling over.

-
53

A t
12'*'
2 Computer-generated jokes 4 Vocabulary
Did you know that a computer program has been a Here is a short passage about humour with 12 spaces.
developed that can generate jokes based on plays on Choose from the words below to fill in the blanks. There
words? Here are four of them. ln each case, you have been are more words than spaces so be careful.
given the set-up line and have to complete thd punch line.
Each punch line is based on a pun, and consists of two of Some people have a natural [1] Blent
the words from the box below. and are able to tell [2] stories in such
a way that they make everyone around roar with -
1 "ttrbott kinel ol'conlest can
lou driue on?" t31 They never forget the
A
t41 line and have.an impeccable sense
2 "ltfbd kind of pig can you ignore at a pary?,' of [5] _ and delivery
A Many professional [6] however
3 "Wat kind of murderer basfibre?" are often quite sad people once they're out of the
A 17l and may tend to look on the
4 "Wbat do you call aferocious nude?,' --.
darker side of life. Yet orhers whose acts involve plenty of
A witty [8J and sexual
I9l may prove to be shy and
withdrawn off stage. The circus [10]
killer grizzllt carriagewal cercal utild
whose crazy t11l _ routine has
bare duel bore
hundreds of children [12] helplessly
rfiay appeu quite a tragic figure without his sparkly costume
Explain the plays on words and say which joke you find
and greasepaint.
the funniest.
ttming puns fun cknun comedians comedy
butnour slapstick comic ktugbtet giggltng
innuendo funny limellgbt stage laugh
punch jokes

Choose three of the words you did not use and combine
them in a single sentence:

b Pair each word in box A with the correct word in box B to

make ten collocations. Use them to answer the questions.
3 Writing
Write a short article about humour, suitable for publication
A nocturnal literary ter-rninal mistaken
in an international student's magazine.
word populetr cabhtet tucff leader ciuil
The first paragraph should be about your national sense of
humour. What sort of jokes do people in your country find B play nlinlster identtty cteature
funny (political / surreal / satire / puns etc.)? Who are the nauellst correspondent wrlter Ldttc
well-known comedians? Are there a lot of comedy shows u)ar illness
on television? Give some examples and tell a 'typical, joke.
1 Which three people work for a newspaper?
The second paragraph should be about your personal
sense of humour. What really tickles your funny bone, and
what does not amuse you at all? Give some examples of
stories or situations that make you laugh out loud. Can you
draw any conclusions from this? 2 \fhich person works for the government?

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6 Written commentary 7 Text for literary comment

I could
Danny was short but he

Lcrugh? was funny. His little goblin

with its iug ears and non-existent
few years at school, caused
chin, had, tn his
first
him to be cruelly teased,
hce,

CTI7E
E
C ried The boy had chosen to combat
with humour. Danny was famous
because no teacher had
his classmates' cruelty
throughout the school
There are, according to an ancient writer, only two ways ever caught him tn the act
pulling a face. But all the of
of regarding what happens in life, and that is to see teachers knew that behin
d
things as either tragic or comic. You lose your wallet, let's their backs, if giggles were to
be heard, the chances
say, and realise that you have no money, no train ticket, were that Danny was the cause.
His facial expressions
and no way of getting home. So you can either scretun varied from the comical to
the downright disgusting.
with rage, and sit outside the statiory sobbing your heart Those who sat closest to
h rm were tn danger of
out, and cursing your misfortune. Or you can give a little expiring from suppressed laughter.
ln vatn did teachers
laugh, say, 'Oh well, never mind', look forward to the move him from place to place
tn the class room.
way all your friends will laugh about it the next time you Whether at the front or the back,
whether forced to
see them, and then start upon the practical task of stand tn front of the class
or cower tn a cornen Dan ny
borrowing some money, or getting a lift. still managed to entertain.
This seems fine, as far as it goes. But on the other
hand, how would you feel if in a moment of deepest The boy was also a fantastic
mimic. tn the small grey
despair you were advised simply to have a good laugh? playground, audiences regularly
gathered to watch him
Most of us would feel rejected, or at the very least, begin perform.'Do Mrs powell,'a fifth
grade girl at the back
to wonder what we had to do to get any sympathy. It can wou]d cr),, and Danny would oblige,
imilting the
work the other way, too, as there are people who will teacher's voice and walk so
exactly that mailof the
interpret situations which we might think are hilarious - smaller children believed him
a policeman slipping over on a banana skin, for example
to be some kini of
magician, capable of transforming
himself at will.To his
- as essentially serious. Do you laugh first, or ask him teachers he was a trouble_maker,
whether he has hurt himself? an irritating inr".a
whom they sought to sguash whenever
Perhaps if we are to compare life to the theatre, then poro:it". aut in
the.playground they watched with
we should employ the full range, and include tragi- grin, of
comedy, black comedy, farce and so on. Some things
"rrrement
as they recognised their colleaguesieccentricities.

which happen in life seem like moments from an oPera/

or a musical comedy, while others look as if they belong
in a comic book or even a soaP oPera. In the end, Comment on the text above from a literary point of view,
perhaps, it's a personal choice in a world where everyone using the questions below to help you. Back up your
is either an optimist or a pessimist. statements with reasons and examples from the text.
Use 200-250 words.

1 \Vhat is the theme of the text?

Comment in about 250-300 words upon the text. Use the
questions below to help you. Give reasons for your
2 From whose point of view do we see Danny? Vould you
describe the point of view as objective, subjective or
opinions and back your statements with examptes from
omniscient?
the text.
3 What is the tone of the text? Is the passage mainly
1 Where do you think the tent is taken from? narrative or descriptive? ttrfhat figures of speech are used?
2 r$flhat is the subfect matter of the text? Are they effective?
3 From whose point of view is the text written? rI7hat is the 4 Does the text provide any insight inro human behaviour?
effect of this? 5 lfhat is your response to the text? How does the author
4 What point do you think rhe rexr is trying to make? Does make us feel about Danny?

5
it do this successfully?
Vhat is the effect of this tort on you, the reader? {<5
{<t
55
 Urut
12

S Grammar c Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the

meaning stays the same.
a Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the
meaning stays the same. 1 I don't own a computer so I can't use the Internet.
IfI
1 I wish 1,ou hacl tolcl mel
You could 2 He reminded us to bring our passports
2 It's impos.sible f,tr Ilarq, 16, har.,e been therc. 'Don't
Harry can't
3 It wasn't a good iclc'a to go ()ut in the lain.
1bu shor-rldn't
3 It's time for you to start working hard.
It's time you
4 I':rn sure that Kate doesn't \\,ant to cause a firss.
Kate vu,oulcln't
5 It n,asn't possible to enioy ourselves ntore. 4 The things you see are the things you ger!
\It couidn't IThat
6 I suppose I could go to bed.
I miglrt 5 I think you'd better go home and go to bed.
7It to go to college yesterday IfI
1

5 Does this train stop at Bromley South?

8 lt's possible tl-rat they mi.ssecl rhe lrtrs. Is
Tl-rev coulcl

b Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in

7 'ksny has a universiry place fbr next year.
Next year Tony is
capitals. and so the meaning stays the same.

1 Jill knew how to su,im *.hen she r,v:Ls four.ycars olcl. 8 This is my tenth cup of tea so far today!
COT]LD
So far today I

by now.
d Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in
capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.

1 Il by any chance yor.r change your mind, let me know

in Spain at the SHOUTD

2 Ycu look hungry. NEED

4 I wish you'd warned me abour the inspector! SHOULD
3 Do you need any help? MANAGE

your bothering! 4 This tree has been here for at least twenty years. OLD

6 l,erhaps you lclt votrr books in your clesk. COULD 5 Jill is pregnant again. BABY

6 I don't understand youl TALKING

a walkl NITGFIT
'We
7 were alone in the compartmenr. OURSELVES

NEEDN'T
8 The workers are still redecoraring the school. I.INISHED

57
 lJnrequited love
13
I Reading a Match each of these summaries with the paragraph
refers to:
it

a) 1 One very successful love story theme is the courage of

Jhe
-- c)euen 2
love.
All love stories are based on one of seven basic themes.

t'--. 9rna/ '-'-" 3 By analysing your own preferred love story yog may be
able to improve your own love life

Do^e S/orrnt Hollywood

b Summarise the whole passage in one sentence.

Accordirt{ tu recent research into r\mantic

ji;r;, itivould appear that all the grcat love stories are
"iiiity varratioii on ittst seven thimes' The themes' such
,,, iirit love. sacrifice and obsession' work a{ain andlove
"rZ',r'ro,
-tiit itiiu,ti ,t,,y olJcr an idcalised picture oJ tn
thcy rcftect the experiences that turn
up
t,rrr,,t,
rc al - l iJe lov e afJairs.
gicttbasii tove sccnaril keys into aparticular
e n o u { h'
c Explain what is meant bY:
i
,,, yi)t, n tio i, t t y p e a
n d t1 p c o p t e t o
9|
c r ef1.t t
a.

',i,i', *iti'inrriit tv Jiraihat onc kind oJ story reslnates

71
1 a variation on a theme
'
i', i,i
'onr',
rL):r i ti ii iiv i t "h
e m' rh e p r o c e s s
of i d entiJv in g
readers andJilm
-i;o o*, personal story could help
S^rn *sight int0 ih'i' o*' patterns .0J behaviourp 2 an idealised'picture
it a th ei r o w n h a1t v
'r";; r;;l ; ii'r, it r rttv h et p th em ti n u
story
ti'itii By undersiandin{ why a particular
'rpprii ,t'rt, ir leai to control its course better in
"'
real'liJe romance- tor example'
if you tend to be the 3 the obsessive rype
'rirr'iii":, mav be able
,yi, and learn to?ecognise it' vou
tvpical oJ
,i-iiiii,iining the mistakes that are
that tYPe. 4 make a commitment
Tlrcmostcommollcateg\ryoJlovestoryisfirstlove.
sepa:ates a character
flris io,rmally tells oJ an iSair tnat and
parents' ai tnTitanic orRomeo
Jrom his or her 5 confront their own mortality
slmelne who leads you
Juliet. These stories are about
'i'i; i wortdi' though it need not be
iiii"fi a life'long

""-iii
relationshiP.
oJlove is the theme of some
oJthe most
io*U, d Finish the following to reflect what is said in the passage:
rn-sleepless in
nnir"irJit toie siories in history' as to tuke a 1 Even though there appear to be hundreds of different
onwittin$ness
il;;;f;;o;igin, andisbasei
"nieirloi.'iiin'otu's a person who Jinallv learns to
that thin{s will
make a commitment' aLnd'haveJaith
commitment are oJten those
work out. People who avoid
witt never.grow otd' rhev
;;;;;;;i airr* that thevonty 2 Readers will invariablY frnd that
once they conJront their
tend to leant to Jall rn tiv:i
own mortalitY-

58
 ,*,
13
3 If you are able to gain insights into your own
behaviouq
3 Vocabulary
Find the wonl that matches the definition and rhymes with
the word in brackets. All the words appear in Unit 13 of
4 Titanic is an example of the Studentt Book.

e.g. to love somebody or somethin{, very much (bore)

adorc
5 People who think they will live for ever t to think somebody is wonderful
Gfre)
2 to chase somebody (new)
to set eyes on somebody (told)
e Respond to the ideas in this passage. Do you agree with 3
4 to say sounds or words (butter)
what is said? Do you think people can really build happy
5 to kiss or hug somebody (face)
endings to their own love lives by watching fllms?
6 to express sorrow or regret about something (fail)

7 to do well and be successful (alive)

8 open uncultivated heathland (door)
9 cold, bare and unwelcoming (speak)
10 part of a church district (wish)

4 Expressing feelings
Complete each of the following statements, being sure to

2 Writing use the correct preposition and construction. Say

something about your own feelings (it can be true or
Here are notes about three of the other seven basic love light hearted).
story themes. Use the notes to write three short
paragraphs, linking the ideas in a clear and interesting way
e.g . I've been in love wLth Lcona di since i sow
hi.m in
and adding some of your own if you wish.

Obsessive Love
1 I've always had rather a tempestuous
e.g. Fatal Attraction. Wuthering HeighG
relationship
-scenanlo appltes
to tbose tQected by paren s utben young
-feel auger _
,tueet sarrwtonc -ideallse
-go tmfar -becomc denandtag
-tqjec:ted -rcsuh cant be tioleat 2 l'm absolutely mad
Sacrifice
e.g. Brief Encounter. Casablanca - persor. teads a cautloas
Ufe -passtonote alfalr -caught betuteen betng ultb 3 Last year I became infatuated
parfuer or r.rtlntng somebodlt else,s ltfe _about cottttol
and lentng go -gloes up ttte loae of tlcelr Hfe

Downstairs Woman and Upstairs Man 4 I've never been fond

e.g. Prettlt Woman, Jane Eyre - stor)l oJsomeote wbo
Pursues partner utbo ought to be out ofreach _fear of
tohat soc-lety ,nay tbt rk -a ttat, tobo appears cold can 5 Since I was a small child, I've been devotecl
be tender -can end in upttfrtng or traglcfasbion

{<6 6 I have to admit to being rather keen

59
 u"n
13
aaaaaaoaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"'J'O..O'
7 I'nr afraidl just don't have much in common a
a Pause for thought
a
a *Ibe boe tbat lasts loagest ls tbe looe tbat ls
a 'Poq
8 I think very highlY a returtted'
a W. Somersel Moughom (l 894)
a
a aoaaaaaaaaaaaacaaaaaaaa"""'o'
9 I'm completely indifferent
5 Gap passage
Write one suitable word in each space.

10 And finally I'm sorry to say I absolutely hate the sight

Jane Austen on love

\Mhatever we [hjnk of love, we are st]l.l irr love
5 Error recognition trl Jane Ausien, it &ppears, aa in
There are ten mistakes in this short passage (spelling, recent years aI1 of her books have
grammar, etc.). Underline them and then write out the t2l -.-_-yer aga:rr flLmed or adapted for
passage correctlY. [e]evlsion. We have seen Gw5rneth pa,ltrow as Emma,
and a lot i5l _- sex tha,,' the author
Teenagers heroe-worship often film stars or other celebrities
ever wrote on the page. Each generatlorr ha,s its
with a kind of blind devotion that is almost always
unrequited. There are cases where pop stars have married to 14) lnterpretations of Lhe authors
of the pasr, no [5] but lt js worth
their fans but these are extremly rare and young people ,
mostly soon transfer their affections on somebody more
conslderlrrg [6] Jarre Austen made
attainible. Unfortunately a minoriry develop a kind of of love. Unmarried herself, she seems concerned. above
obssession with their idol and this can result in harrassment t7l wlth showlqg what makes a
and stalking, often in a period of several years' good marriage, -, or relatiorrship, perhaps,
t8l we mlght salr. Her lovers belong
tel the moneyed classes, and so
money and prgperty certainJy [IO]
irlto it, but those [] 1l marry on_\r
for this always suffer. She is hlghly criticaL of her feLlow
men andwomen, for [12] shaltow,
uneducaLed. and lazy. Uer neroGes ana Oraw and
"eaO
t15l long walks, and they also
thlnk careluuy [14] love. Choosing
a partner is never eas5r, of cotlrse. Some foollsh gl_rls opt
[ 15] romantlc love and run away
with arrrJr offlcers, a class of men Jane clear\r dlsllkes.
Her herolnes also get thlngs I l6]
but learn from their mistakes, and make the rlght
choice- 1n rhe [ 17] . TWo hundred
years a.fter the novels t I8l wrttten,
_
they still aLtra,ct new generailons of readers, perhaps
[ 1e] they show love in its everyday
) aspect. The only dlfference nowada;rs, irr Brita,ln at
r4
x/ le8aL, ls
t20l
lhat msJrlage 1s nol necessari\r
}ove lea.ds. Would. Jane AusLen
have approved? We'd all love to know!

t
60
 u*'13

7 Written commentary s Grammar

a Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the
Mzria went to her room and meaning stays the same.
slammed the door. Whv
C) was everyone SO horri ble to her?
They all seemed to
1 I d like fliecl chickcn ancl chips. plcest.. rvuircr.
forget that they had been young
once. Her mother
rll
o_ hadnt said much, but she could
disapproved. She and her father
tell thatshe
must have been

C talking ir over. How could

they didn'r even know Tom.
they say such things, g,hen
She wils sure that when
2 \We've arranged
\('e1l
to spencl next ueekencl in the c()Llntn

() they came to know him,

they'd realise what a
3 I'rl
a_
wonderfirl man he was. surc it u-on't rairr
They were iusr reftlsing
to listen I ck>n't
She lay down on her bed
and shred at the
ceiling. They thought they
could tell her whar ro rtn
1+ T<>nt anci Lrlcy arc closc to splitting u1t
,
Dut what were they so worried Tom and Lucy are on
about. They didn.i
wanno marry Tom, she
did. What was it r; do;ith
them? That was typical
.= really, they were ," UJ,ri" 5 Ily the time I go on holiclav. I ll lrave hnishccl rhe n.ork.

rc ,r;*-
probabty wanred'her I'll finish
l1ur.r.Jn.{
someone like
to
that revolting peter who
worked in the
l:o ory..., and sray in the riUage
f", ,h";.r;il; 6 \we started
living here ten ).ears ago at tlre encl of tlrt,
C life, and do all the same
old ,f,irg, ,r.; _Jor.r'" montlt.

o Tii y.ll, she wasnr going to be the end of the month

tit<e that, an-d
she'd show them.
She got
up and took down her
sports bag from 7 The plane is due to take off ar .'r J0.
.(n
(
on top of the wardrobe.
She wouldnlt tate to"o
much, that would be suspicious.Just
a few essential
The 1>lane will be _

clothes. Tom would Ue

reaUyrrrp.i;;;"#- lS I clorr't went to tkr irl
() rurned up ourside rhe schooi,
she .ruld;;r;;rg,n. I I u,.,r't

rc
his face. He could rake her
back to England;d"-"
hjm when he went home
,rrr.iif,-.r..r,,
r
in *,.
get.manied in yorkhire, 9 By the time Christmas comes, my stay in Loncl<;n n.ill
and be togethe.;;.*.' be over.
and ever.
But suddenly there was I'll h:rve
. a knock on the door,
and her father,s voice. ,Mana?
:) we need to talk this over.,
Canf ."*
i,ri iiiurf.
that's Jirn at the cloor.
That'll

Comment in about 25G3OO words upon the text. Use the

Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word or
questions below to help you. Give reasons for your
words in capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.
opinions and back your statements with examples from
the text. 1 I'm sure that orlr teafir rl on't rvirr. I)( )t :t].I'
1 t!flhere do you think the text is taken
from?
2 Ylhat is the subject mafter of the text?
3 From whose point of view is the text wrinen? rU7'hat is the 2 I u<rn 't turn on the 'lV until it s tinte fbr thc ncrr s
effect of this? 'J/HEN
4 What point do you think the rext is trying to make? Does
it do this successfully?
5 \7hat is your response to the text? w1)n't be here when you get back. LEFT

{<t
6t
13 '"n
I I'rn surc that tl-re large envelope has got my tickets in it. 8 Steve had to give r-rp football after a serious leg infury
$NI,I, Following

9 Don't bother to lock all the windows.

You
5
ARETO
10 They believecl that the plane had crashed in a storm.
The plane

(i I've clecided to buy the green

d Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in
capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.
7 I'm going t<t leave in a minute' POINT 1 Phit tried but couldn't get out of the window. MIGHT

I You'll find me you arrive.

2 l'm sure that you worked very hard on this. MUST
\I,hITING

3 I don't understancl You. MEAN

9 At the end of the
the companY. WORKING

4 To wait any longer would lx pointless' POINT

Little Terry

5 'Please don't tell anyone!' Bill said to me' BEGGED

c Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the

meaning stays the same. 6 I really can't decide. MIND

1 \Yhv were vou in Flarrorv Road on the evening in

question?
7 Can you receive the IIBC W'orld Service here? UP
\X/hat

Erica afraid,
6 We can't go out because it's cold. TO

-l Foreigners bought up all the cheaP

All the cheap houses 9 I expect that this will be easy! SHOULD

./r 'Do
10 Are you the owner of this motorbike? BELONG

5I a
I have n<r

7 Cotrlcl ,vou look after the baby for a bit so I can go out?

lf yor.r

62
 doesn't pay
l|Crime
I Reading
As more people carry mobile phones, police have warned us
to be more vigilant to protect ourselves from street crime.

Hnu T[! PRIITEET HEUR

................1'![!EiLE PHrii'iE
relatively
Stealing a mobile phone and using it fraudulently remains
simple. lndeed if we judge by recent statistics, it has become one
b Find words in the passage that mean the same as:

of the most common of street crimes. Last year attacks in Britain 1 dishonestly
involving mobile phones soared t0 over 30,000 and this figure could 2 comparatively
still be rising. 3 rose ,/ increased
(SlM)
Each mobite phone contains a subscriber identity module 4 a person who pays to receive a servicc
card, which can be found in the back of the phone. The SIM card 5 a part / unit of a machine ,/ conrputcr
gives the phone its number and identity code and can store 6 prevented from r.orking
personal details such as addresses. When a phone is reported 7 thrown awav
stolen, the SIM card can be disabled W the network operator to 8 practically/ thc. same as
stop a thief making calFs on a subscriber's number' But when a thief 9 a stage of development in the clesign ancl nttnLlf.rcturc ()f
takes a phone, the Sllvl card is almost always discarded and machines or equipment
replaced with another that renders it virtually untraceable. ln most 10 w'atchful
cases, the phone itself is never recovered and is sold on illegally by
the thief. c Explain in your own words and as simply as you can what
However, the mobile phone industry is fighting back. Some of a SIM cad is and what happens to it if a phone is stolen.
the major handset manufacturers are working to install more
sophisticated security technology in the next generation of mobile
phones, which will allow high-speed lnternet access.
ln the meantime, the best advice to mobile phone users is to be
vigilant and to avoid making calls in public or in crowded spaces.

a Here is a summary of the passage. Rewrite it making any

d Respond to the information in this passage. Are you
shocked? Why do you think mobile phone muggings are so
corrections you feel are necessary and adding anything
common? ls it a problem in your courtry too? What could /
you regard as important BUT not increasing the number
of should be done about it?
words used (68).

Carrying a ntobile phone is dangerous as you are likely

Lre n.ruggecl ancl have your phone stolen ancl then used by
to {<t
crirninals. Phone nranufactrlrers are developing a SIM card
tlrat u,ill allon, Intcrnet access ancl prevent thieves fronr 2 Writing
making calls tliat you have to pay for. However, the best Do you know how to use a mobile phone? lf so, imagine
cleterrent is n()t to use a mobile phol-re in clark or deserted you are lending your mobile to a friend. Write a note
places 'uvhere you could lte attackecl. telling her how to use the phone and also giving advice
about what precautions to take so as not to get it stolen.

Begin with Dear ..., then write two paragraphs, the first
about the phone and the second about how to be vigilant.
Aim for about 100-.150 words.

63
14',""
lf you do not have a mobile phone, write instead a note to d Write the correct preposition in each space:
a friend who is coming to stay in your town for a week,
It was a busy morning in court. The first three defendants
giving advice on how to stay safe. Once again, begin with custody and sent
were all remanded [1]
f)ear ... and aim for about 10G150 words. Write one rrial [3] the
tzl
paragraph about any problems with street crime in your
Crown Court. The next was charged [4J
area, and another giving advice on what precautions a shop
causing criminal damage [5)
to take. bail to await
entrance and released [6]

{<t trial. Then a woman was sentenced to prison after being

found guilty [71 mugging a teenager for
her mobile phone. The final case was a man accused
3 Vocabulary: Crimes t8l assault but the magistrates acquitted
him after hearing all the evidence [9]
a Read the fotlowing scenarios and say what crime has been two witnesses [10] the incident.
committed in each case:

1 The accused set fire to his employer's house after he had 4 Use of English
been dismissed from his post. He was charged with a Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in
capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.
2 A national daily paper published details of a celebrity's
fraudulent tax affairs which were later found to be totally 1 My neighbour was fined 550 for leaving his old furniture
misleading. They were found guilty of in the street. FINE

3 A motorist drove so fast and dangerously that he

mounted the pavement and killed an elderly man 2 The police conducted a thorough investigation to find
waiting at the bus stop. He was accused of out who committed the crime. PERPETRAIORS

4 A man who put a gun to a bus driver's head and

demanded that the bus take him to the border was later hairline. BALDING
3 The suspect had a receding
caught. He was charged with

b Which of the following do you consider to be the more

serious crime and whY? 4 Both defendans were found not guilty of the crime of
assault. ACQUITTED

5 The woman was sent to prison for three months'

SENTENCED
2 Assault or sPeeding? -

b Use a word based on the root word given in brackets

to
comPlete each sentence.
c Underline the odd one out in each case?
1 If you are accused of murder, there has to be proof
1 \(hich one is NOT a Person? of . (medttate)
prosecutor *utopsy counsel biiacket 2 The comPany was found to have been engaging
2 \fhich one has NOT committed a crime? in business (law)
".1iyi1iss.
burglar ra\ist mugger u,itness 3 There has been such an increase in bank
3 rl7hich one does NOT involve death? that many customers now Prefer
bomicide manslaugbter assassination fraud to bank online. (rob)
4 \fhich one is NOT connected with harming somebody's 4 After the death of his wife, Mr Opie became
rePutation? desPondent' (increase)
slander trial libl defamation
5 The mugger waved the shotgun around
but it was soon clear that it was
not loadecl. (threat)

e
14 ""n
6 The boys sang loudly as they went home' SINGING
7 Grammar
a RePhrase each sentence. so that it contains an'ing
partitiple or a gerund. 7 Sam always had lots of friends as he was one of a large
protrlctns' family. BEING
t Because he arrived unexpecte<lly it caused somc

Rephrase each sentence. beginning as shown' so that

2 It can l-re uncomfortable to sleep in the open air' c the
meaning stays the same.

1 Jim is still asleeP.

3 It isn't a goocl idea to smoke.
2 Ve supposed that every()ne t':ts given a timetable'

/* Traffic iams are caused l)y too many people in cars'

3 This is my last daY in this iob.
I won't be
5 The lecturet'dicl not par-rse fol' questions, bllt \r'cnt
()n 4 Please don't write on the desk.
with the lecture.
5 '\X/hat time does the exam finish'/'

6 It's dangerous to cross the road rvithout looking'

6 Rita talked rne into ioining the tennis club.
futa persuaded me
7 A taxi was meant to pick us up at 6.30.
7 Vith a horribie laugh, he locketl ther tloor. \J(,'e

b Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word or d Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in
words in capitals, and so the meaning stays the same' capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.

1 Vhen he was askecl for his commcnts, the Presitlent 1 Helen found it strange to live in a srnall flat. USED

srniled. oN IIEINC

Tim N,as speechless. KNO\II

2 When we \r,ent on l-rolida1, n'c- left our cat with the
neighbours. LEAVING 3 Jean wasn't able to read all the articles. MANAGE

3 ]'he cltlcl didn't r"r()tice the car and rlashed into the load. 4 The rock concert went ahead althor-rgh it was raining.
NOllCING DESPITE

4 lJecause I didn't knos' the answer. I pl-roned a fi'iend. 5 It's typical of George to say that! \rOULD
KNO\TTING
5 Nobody knows what A-lex will do next. KNO\rING

5 Hai,ing askecl us a number ol cluestions, tl're policc left.

HAD 7 Jane and her sister Sarah are very similar. ALIKE

66
 u",,
14
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaoaaaaaa aaoaaaaaaao
a
a
a
Pause for thought a
a
6 Written commentary
a 'InJustlce a.ryruthere a
a ls a tbteat toJustlce aoerytuthete.. a
a a
Mortin Luther King (1963) a

The Little Thief

a
aoaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaatoaaoaaoaaaaaa a
a

5 Gap passage Everyone knew Morco os the Little Thief. 'Hello, little thief,'
Write one suitable word in each space. the old womon who sold beer used to soy, 'Whot hove
you stolen for me todoy?' 'My nome's Morcol' he would
shout bqck. The men swore ot him, but the old womon's

Grlmes of our tlme doughter used to give him breod or sometimes o coke. He
liked her. Her nome wos Cloudio, ond she hod red hoir.
Crime, as newspaper editors will fell you, One doy he stole o neckloce for Cloudio, but somebody
means
money. The simple [1] grobbed his shirt, ond somebody else twisted his orm, ond
is that
we love reading about it, soon he found himself in prison with two drunk men ond
[e]
because it, worries us, or, a,s some would have qnother mon covered in blood.
us
beiieve, because it fascinates arrd eniefiajns The next doy the Little Thief oppeored before the Duke,
t5l To prove the truth of th.ls who delivered his own iustice. 'Whot hove you got to soy
Iatter point, [4] for yourself, little thief?' soid the Duke. 'My nome's
l,s a selectlon
of some of the more amusing crjme stories of Morco,' he replied, 'ond it wqs o present. lt wosn't for
recent monLhs. In F,omania recentlSr two burglars me.' The Duke loughed. 'For o beoutiful girl, I suppose.'
'Yes, how did you know? She gives me breod ond cokes,'
[5] _ caught by the pollce
because of theil djrty socksl The two men soid Morco. The Duke muttered to the men oround him,
t6l put rhe socks over thejr who nodded. 'Well, Morco,' soid the Duke, 'whot ore we
hands to avoid leavtng flngerprints when they going to do with you? We hong thieves, you know.' 'l
burgled a shop, but a police dog east_ly [racked know thot,' soid Morco. 'They honged my fother. And my
brother. And they took my mother owoy ond I never sow
U) down afLer jus[ one srriff
\'Vhl]e 1n Pennqrlvarria USA" a woman her ogoin.' The Duke looked more serious.
'Perhops I con find you work in my costle. Would you
t8l _ opened. a bank account
wlrh a fake milIion dollar banknote, like thot,' soid the Duke. 'l think I would,' soid Morco.
'Becouse my fother olwoys used to soy thot you were o
tel aJlowed to withdraw money
big thief. So I could leorn o lot from you.'
from her account, for some time before bank
All the others woited until the Duke loughed, ond then
offlcials realised [ 10] the USA they loughed too. And so Morco loughed, though he
doesn' L have million doilar banknotesl The woman
didn't quite know whot he wos loughing ot.
was later charged II l] theft
Meanwhile, in Chile, [12]
unforLunate teenager holdirg a knife who was
Comment in about 250-300 words upon. the text. Use the
into big rouble [14] [he ]aw: questions below to help you. Give reasons for your
hris mother was [ ] 5l the bus. opinions and back your statements with examples from
She rold hlm to stop whaL he was dolrrg at the text.
tr6l and get off the bus, which 1 Vhere do you think the text is taken from?
he [17] Frnaljy, a love s[ory 2 \Vhat is the subiect matter of the texl2
involving a whole series [18] 3 From whose point of view is the text wriften? \fhat is the
crimes. A motorist in Scotland fell in love wlth the effect of this?
traf,flc warden who had glven him a parkjrrg ticket, 4 Vhat point do you think the texr is trying to make? Does
In [19] [o see her a€lain, he it do this successfully?
had to keep on parkhg ilJ.egalty 5 V/trat is the effect of this tex on you, the reader?
[20] she agreed to go out with
him, and in the end, they got married. {<E
6,
 star qu aliq|r. rrrit 4.

15 I
t !ry
f

1 Reading
Have you ever watched the Oscars ceremony on television?
l;-
Here's a look behind the scenes at what really goes on. -

lf you thought the Oscars were a celebration of a Choose a title for this piece to reflect its content.
cinematic tilent, think again' These days the
Oscars'

red carPet is a catwalk for fashion Promotion and

big-buck merchandising. Designer dresses
(an cost b Are the following statements fact or opinion? Mark F or O:

millions of dollars and a model at the zoo2 event 1 The money spent on the Oscars would be bener spent
wore a necklace of yellow diamonds valued at on making films. _
fi4 million which meant she had to be accomPanied 2 Some actresses wear dresses that cost more than one
by an armed guard all night' million pounds.
You could make a film like The Full Monty more 3 Guards are sometimes needed to protect actresses. _
than ten times over for the money that Hollywood 4 More women directors should win Oscars.
burns while preparing for the Oscars' Staging the 5 Not all the judges are fair or well qualified.
ceremony runs to about fio million and marketing 6 The majority of those who get Oscars are white and
male. _
and lobbying by studios runs to an estimated f3o
million more. ls it worth it? The studios think so,
7 The whole business of the Oscars has lost its magic.

since a winning film can earn additional box office

8 Some studios use dirty tricks to try to win an Oscar
sales of tens or hundreds of millions of pounds'
But now there is a worry that the Oscars'
reputation could become a bit tarnished' There have c Fill in the blanks with words taken from the passage:

been accusations of Prejudi(e, chauvinism and 1 When the President visited our town, we rolled out
ignorance in the judgin9. Only two women have the
ever been nominated as best director and neither 2 The new autumn collection's clothes were being paraded
won. More than 9oolo of writing Oscars have gone on the
to men. Although Halle Berry won the Oscar for 3 \fith a huge success lke Harry Potter, morc money can
best actress in zoou, few black actors are normally be made from the than from the
books and the films.
nominated, let alone win' Some judges have
admitted to not even having watched all the films
4 T'l-rc children really enloyed watching the Olympic
Games opening on TV.
they had to vote on and Oscar'<onsultants'are
5 The Ecology Party had been the
hired by the studios both to Promote their own govemment long and hard on the question of
films and to trash the oPPosition. sustainable sources of energy.
But it's hard to see the Oscar frenzy abating' 6 The names of many of the country's top politicians
Over z5o million people watch the event on were by the scandal.
television every year, and the ceremony has a brand 7 Feminists had to fight against deeply-rooted
new home - the fzo million Kodak Theatre in the male in many professions.
heart of Hollywood. There willalways be joy and 8 The Labour leader proceeded to
heartache on the great ni9ht, always winners and all the ideas that had been put forward by the
losers. And there will always be millions of us sitting Conservatives on education.
at home, deciding just what we would say in our 9 The sharks attacked the infured whale in a feeding
own accePtance sPeech !

10 The storm was so we were able to

continuc our walk.

67
 urur
15

d Explain in your own words what is meant by the adjective

3
'big-buck'.
Oscar etiquette
Here are some Do's and Don,ts about how to behave at
the Oscars. Put the words in each box into the correct order
to make a sentence (the first word begins with a capital
letter to get you started). Write all six in the correct
sections below.

e Why is the word 'consultants' in inverted commas?

to cerernon), Hhe to tbe Tlteatrc a ,ou
limo Kodak strctcb tbe take auards @t

rctunt Jewellery da? to baue follrrutng

tbe Forget y()u borrowed tbe

f How would you describe the tone of this piece and the beIore slot at Falr Anlue party Wur
attitude of the writer? Vantty allolted tbe tlrne

end Leaue before tbe

narne Wu designer uttb Ihop outrtt tue

lour wbo of bas tbe sapplted
g Based on what you have read here, how would you react sober ask u,a.ter the Stay barman
to the following statement: the Oscars are more about mineral and srill for
money than movies?
Do

Do

Do

Don't

2 Writing
Don't

Think of a pe6on or film you feel deserves an Oscar. This Don't

could be an actor or director from your country or a film
you have greatly admired. Now imagine that you have
been hired as a PR (public relations) consultant by the
studio to promote your nomination. 4 Vocabulary: Multiple choice
Write the press release you would send out to all the Choose the best word to complete each sentence. All the
Oscar judges and cinema publications. This should be words appear in Unit 15 of the Studentt Book.
about 150-200 words and should give details of your 1 She stood awkwardly in front of the iudges with her
actor/director/film, saying what makes them so wonderful eyes
that they deserve the Oscar. You need to be as positive and (a) bespectacled (b) unspectacular (c) downcast (d)
persuasive as possible. heart-breaking
2 The baby happily while playing

*<5 with his toys.

(a) gagged (b) chuckled (c) peered (d) choked

68
 unit
15

3 Charlie Chaplin created the figure 7 I was sorry when I had to put off
of The Tramp.
(a) outclassed (b) legendary (c) wizard (d) extreme 8 My dream is to go out with
4 To be truly inspiring, a leader needs
and eloquence.
(a) attirude (b) elation (c) attraction (d) charisma aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
a a
5 He stood before us, as as ever 1n a Pause for thought a
his elegant grey suit. a a
(a) impetuous (b) spell-bound (c) celluloid a 'Acttngls a masublsttcform of exblblttonlsrtu It is rrot a
a a
(d) impeccable a
qutte tbe occupetlon of an aduh." a
a a
6 The whole cast gave a/an a
Lourence Olivier (l 978)
a
performance and fully deserved the award. aaaaaalaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa a
(a) flawless (b) unspectacular (c) imperious (d) distinct
7 The producers were willing to the 6 Gap passage
chance to make millions of dollars if it meant they were
Write one suitable word in each space.
in the running for an Oscar.
(a) figure out (b) iettison (c) cast (d) outclass
8 It took me about an hour to realise that the villain was
not the real Dr Radcliffe but
^/an
(a) fantasy (b) small-bit player (c) device (d) impostor Star Wars Qualitg
9 Getting up, he over his dog and Eu-ran Mc6regor has alreadg fl
almost fell to the ground. maior star at the age of thirtc one, after unforgettable
(a) strutted (b) stumbled (c) swung (d) paraded performances [2] a series of maior
10 Her analysis of the situation was so films. He [31 up in Scotland, u:here
that she was recornmended for immediate promotion hls teenage heroes u:ere Elvis and Billg ldol' and plased
(a) sent up (b) rough-and-ready (c) star-making drums in a band, but he [q] alreadg
(d) spot-on decided at the age of nine that he uJanted to be an actor
tsl his -a
uncle Dennis. His Parents
him drop out of school at sixteen
5 Phrasal verbs t5l
and uork for the nearbg Perth Theatre, and he later
Complete each of the following sentences, using the m drama school in London. He dldn't
phrasal verb correctly to say something about yourself. trs to end [Bl as the best student, but
concentrated [91 turning himself
e,g, I've always looked up ro people who devote thei.r Lives to
a professional atrtor. HiE big
n0l
helping others. time at college,
break came totuards the end of his
he starred in a television serlal
1 I find it hard to get on with tl ll
Hnd tl2l uas u-rhile appearing in
another TV series [l3l he met his
2 I used to like my friend a lot but I rather went off him
u-rife, a French production designer. Theg utere married in
1995 in France, tuhen [lt-ll to
Mc6regor, he didn't understand a [51
3 After trying for some time, I f,nally had to give up u:ord of the marriage service, and theg have a
daughter, Elara. He eniogs preparing parts as
n5l as this involves
4 I don't agree with those people who look down on t171 a good time, and loved the
singing and dancing he [l8l to do for
Moulin Bouge. Visiting locations or utatching fllms is 0K,
but he dlslikes reading, [l9l he admits
5 It's really hard to figure out
to live in Los Flngeles to be
is a uteakness. Fnd he refuses
He doesn't r-uant to plag
nearer to the heart of Hollgu.rood.
6 I find it strange that so many people are taken in
the game of beins a big star, although he couldn't
te0l a part in Sbr Aars, u-rhich first
came out tuhen he u:as sixl

69
 unit
15

7 Written commentary ffi Grammar

a Rephrase each sentence, using the verb in capitals, so that
The several hundred teenagers who have been waiting
in the rain since the meaning stays the same.
earlythatmorningareinnodoubtatallaboutwhetheritsallworthit. I Jim is iust like his lathcr. 1AKU ;\t.TLtl
'Weiollow them everywhere" say Jo and Chas, 'because we know
their heads,
they're the greatest.,ihey are holding a plastic sheet above
'We couldn't get any tickets, but that's not
and took cNtteO to the bone.
explains Jo. 'sometimes you can get in lor free if you hang 2 It will be great ro sec l{clen again. LOOK FORIfARD
unusual,'
listening
about, usuaily after the gig gets going and everyones too busy
and shouldn't they be at
to pay much ittention.' How old are they, I ask,
scnootZChasgrins.'Don'tbesilly,'hesays.'Wecouldn'tmissachance )'our ON
like this. Hal{ our school's probably here anywayl'

4 l'm sorry. but you'll iust have to bear ir. PUT LIP rJnlH

5 Harry has decidecl t() stop smoking. GI\T llP

that she hacl alreacly paicl the

there is a rush
Lucky me with a ticket, but I don't let on Suddenly
Iorward, ind a chorus of screams. No, nothing worrying, iust a false

alarmWeretheyinthelimmothatwentby?0bviouslynot..Securitytry
me l ask her if
toimrggfe them in, but it never really works,'Jo tells the i\,licro Company.
She laughs'
tnri,iJ, met a member o{ the group, to speak to I mean
'We think they're great' that's
Wnit woulO be the point,'she says' iust
you?' I try to sound as if I
all. You have to show some support, don't 8 I hope you soon recover fl'orn yor.rr illncss. GET OVER
unOerstanO,butlthinkl'mtooold.lcanseethatJoandChasthinkthe
trrt ntrrr" they edge ofl into the crowd' The rain has stopped but
waiting here'
it's still lreezing, and I'm glad it's not my kids
Finally, thJ big moment arrives. The trouble is' we don't know that 9 lt's up to you to find a solution to the prcblcm. COME
T]P WITH
the road' and the next
rts nappeneO One minute we're peering down
ti.lett{ u shout ol 'They're here, they're here'' I don't know about Jo and
see anything, so I hope they thought
the wait was
Cf,rri,nrt I didn't
that [)ar,id had
worth it. lf you ask me, they're the real stars'

Comment in about 250-300 words upon the text. Use the

questions below to help you. Give reasons for your
opinions and back your statements with examples from
the text. or prepositional

1 \Vhere do you think the text is taken from?

children
2 Vhat is the subject matter of the text?
3 From whose point of view is the text written? Vhat is the
effect of this?
4 tI[hat point do you think the text is trying to make? Does 2 Please clon't inconvenience yourself. PUT
it do this successfully?
5 \0hat is the effect of this text on you, the reader?

{<5
70
 u"n
15

are making repairs to the bridge. CARRYING 7 You've made a mess because yoLl $'eren't careful
If

4 WEAR 8 Tina realised she had made a mistake as soon as she

entered the room.
On

to rneet Gary, llut him.

LET
9 Bill's prize dog was stolen.
Bill had

10 Tony shouldn't win the race unless something goes

the iob rnyself, but hed to call a
wrong.
tNt)El) Provided

realised the truth of llarry's lies at once. SA\f d Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in
capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.

I Every.thing here is still the saruc. CHANGLID

I lTiet to be a distant cousln. T'URN

2 Mike soon realisecl l'ris mistakc. MADE

9 I'm not wcll enough to go ()ut tonight. FEEL

3 V hen I see this photo, I think of my holiclay. REMINDS

10 The government has prrxrtisecl to investigate the
problenr. LOOK
4 Vhat do you know about Spanish history? TAUGHT

c Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the

meaning stays the same. 5 We started waiting here rnore than an hor"rr ago. FOR

I Do you know the n'ay'/

Do you knorv hon'
6 rVe couldnt fincl the cat anywhcre. tsE

2 I'rn sure y()u nere pleasccl s'hen you passecl the exam.
V-lu ntrrst
7 I've got to st()p no\tr-. FURTHER

this il it's necessary.

8 Kate demanded a repayment of the money xt once. BE

in the snow can be dangerous.

9 Bringing up small children is bound to be cliffrcult.

5 T'her. sa), that thi:,v took Suc to irospital. CAN'T
Sue is

the teachel asked Bill. 10 I wish I could aflord to buy a new bike. MONEY

7t

L
 Gothic horror
16
1 Reading a Answer the following questions using the information
from the passage and your own words as far as possible.

I 1 lWhat makes the Goosebumps books so popular?

2 Why is R.L. Stine not inrerested in writing adult novels?

I Vhat is special about the titles of Stine's books?

Goosebu s
Have you ever been scared enough to have goosebumps, when the
hairs on your skin stand up so that you are covered with tiny
bumps? lf so, there's a good chance that you may have
got them b What do each of the following figures refer to? Answer in
a complete sentence and see if you can do so without
while reading one of B.L. Stine's 85 titles in his best-selling
looking back at the passage.
Goosebumpsseries of honor books for children'

Stine, whose initials stand for Hobert Lawrence, takes iust

a 185
fortnight to complete each new book and, with more than 200
million in print in 16 languages, is the world's most popular and
prolific children s author. He also writes Fear Streef, a horror Series 2 a fortnight
io, tr.nrgttt, but harbours no ambitions to write an adult novel'
With a new children s best seller every month and movie deals in
development with Fox and Disney, he has no need' 3 200 million
"The main thing is that I really like kids' I know how to
York
communicate witn tnetn," says Stine, 55, who lives in New
with a cocker spaniel for company and a skeleton for inspiration' 416
"My books dre easy to read because they are written in short
starts
chapters. Every chapter ends in a cliff-hanger' lf the horror
getting too intense, I put in something funny."
5. 55
Unlike most authors, Stine thinks of the title first' He thinks
up
just follows'
titles while walking his dog and then finds the story
and
The first Goosebuipstitle was Welcome to the Dead Hoase
one of his most recent is Brain Juice. Recently there
was a c Fil! in the spaces with words from the passage:
good title'
nationwide competition in America t0 come up with a 1
has to J.K. Rowling is another author who uses
The winner was Dead Dogs Still Fetch but R L' Stine still her rather than her full name.
think up a book to go with it! 2 Picasso was a artist and produced
an amazing number of works in his lifetime.

72
 ""n 16

3 He is unable to dismiss the fears

he over the safery of the whole
3 Vocabulary
expedition. a Pair up one word from each box to create ten collocations.
4 The ground floor of the museum was taken up by the Use them to answer the questions below.
huge of a dinosaur,
5 There was such a in the final feaerlsb punk central slauish euil uttst
scene that I could hardly wait for the next episode. steep Po.{,dery backtng nrtrcd
6 A campaign was launched to
recruit more nurses. UA$ tack dewtlon snou baste cbaracter
7 Iwill Anna from school on my muslc rock s?irtt nutnbet
n'ay home from work.
I Vhich three would you listen to?
d Here are the opening words of two short summaries of the mood music
passage. Complete them in the best way possible and in no
more than 25 extra words.
-
1 R.L. Stine has established a winning formula that enables 2 \fhich rwo could you see out of a train window?
him to

3 Vhich two could describe Dracula?

2 A mix of horror and humour is what appeals most to 4 vhich one describes what Bram Stoker felt for Henry
kids and this is shown most clearly by Irving?

5 \fhich one would you make if fleeing from a vampire?

6 u7hich one would describe the amount of books in a

well-stocked library?

2 Writing
b Underline the odd word out in each case.
Sounds easy, doesn't it, to be a best-selling author of
spine-chilling books of horror and black humour? Well, 1 \tfhich one is not a noise made by a wolP
now's your chance to try your hand at it! ba! bowl neigb growl
2 Vhich one cannot be described as gothic?
R.L. Stine hasn't yet written the book entitled Dead Dogs
arcbitecture food literature fasbion
Still Fetch, so start your own powers of imagination
working on it.
3 Vhich are not found in mountain ranges?
cra€ls peaks rifts gables
You can either write the opening chapter or the book 4 'Which does not have blossom?
blurb (the account of the book that appears on the pineapple cberry plum pear
back cover). 5 Vhich would not describe rhe sryle of gothic lirerarure?
lf you write the opening chapter, keep it short. you need to
ru.ged eerie dark gloomy
6 \fhich could not describe the sound made by the wind?
start with a shock, and end with a cliff-hanger (to get
readers to read on). Reread the texts in Unit lG of the
wbistled moaned hemmed sigbed
Studentt Book and the Extra page to give you some
7 Which cannot describe a group of trees?

inspiration (you don't need a skeleton!).

clump petal forest wood
8 Vhich are not spirits?
lf you write the book blurb, you need to teil something of uampires pohergeists Gotbs gbosts
the story but without giving the end away. euote some of
the opening and give some comments by critics (have a
look at the back cover of a book to get some ideas).

{<5
73
 urut
I[
4 Use of English Pause for thought
Rewrite the following sentences, keeping the meaning the
same but using the word in brackets. 'It ls nccessary onlyfor tlte good rnafl to do nothtngfor
'1. Dracula did not make Stoker's reputation or his eoll to trtumpb."
f<>rtune.
(netther) Edmund Burke -1729-97l.

2 Bram Stoker and Oscar Wilde both lived at rhe same

5 Gap passage
time. (contemlrcrzry) Write one suitable word in each space.

3 Most of Irving's performances took place at the Lyceum

Theatre. (venue) Say yes ro hOrr0r
Horror films and their poor relation, horror
comics,
[l] . always worriecl teachers and others
4 After his illness he got depressed easily. (vulnerable) concerned l2j the welfhre of young
people. t3l has always been assumed
that such fihns have a bad influcnce
5 Stoker did whatever Irv'ing wanted him to do. t4t children, and one can see why
(subcervient) Such images of honor [5]
the kids
nightmares , say the parents; these films
can damage young
minds, say the psychologists. But
[6]
6 I did not think the backing track suited the film all the fuss? After all, as George Orwell pointed out
long
(suttabtltty) t7) , writing about murder, a crime, is
a major form of entertainment, but treating
an everyday
activity [8]
. as sex in the same fashion
always gets the writer [9]
trouble. Or
it did in his day. Ir has [10]
calculated
rhat the average teenage television viewer sees
several
hundred murders, some shown I I
I ]
considerable detail, every year, but it doesn't seem
to turn
themall [12] . murderers.
[13] _ even teenagers know that TV isn,t
real life, don't they? So perhaps we shouldn' t worry quite
so
ll4l about horror films.
tlsl such films contain as much
f%$f {q violence as, say, a Shakespeare tragedy? How many people
are murdered or die violent deaths in Hamlet.
I l6] instance? Obviously we watch
horror films because we enjoy [17]
terrified - up to a point. It's a [lg] of
entertainment, and it probably doesn't
Effi{: tl9l ---.- us any harm. Very young children

e arejust as frightened by films abour an imals, so they probably

shouldn't be watching films at all, t20l
for Mary Poppins and Harry potter. As for The Lord of the
Rrzgs - well, that's another story.

74
 umr
16

5 Written commentary 7 Text for literary comment

I dont sleep much. How can I, when she returns

Trapped! *'trT:,x*f
suits of armour'
to haunt me? Each night it is the same. I fall asleep
about eleven, then at two I wake with a start, my
heart pounding. I hear a whispering in my ear, as if
with grinninginimal heads, and rusty old she were iying beside me.
studded with nails'
Gwyneth came to a great oak door, Why?'her voice asks, again and again. Why,
the door with all
Sha raised the latch, and pushed against why, why?'
no way in' She was
her might but to no avail' There was It's her voice, ang"ry and insistent. I dont think
trappet They would find her here and then "
She she wants to know the answer. She knows it
with a shudder' lt already. She's punishing me for what I did to her,
banished that thought from her mind
at the door with for my betrayal.
must open! Again and again she heaved
it grated open slightly with a But this is only the beginning of my torture. By
all her strength, until at last
stone walls' now, I am fully awake and staring round the room. I
fearful noise which echoed from the old
her ears' put the light on. Then the noises begnn. Thumps on
\Uould anyone hear? She shrank back and strained
of iron-shod the ceiling, pictures falling to the floor. Ornaments
expecting at any moment to hear the clatter smashed. Believe me, I'm deadly serious. My wife
was nothing' The only
feetonthe stone floor, but there has returned and is intent on making me pay.
and the
sound was of the wind howling in the chimne/ I am paying. After the thumps and breakages
castle wall'
distant crash of the waves at the base of the have ended, I replay - endlessly our last moments
any moment! -
The seal Llewellyn's boat would retum at together. The walk along the cliff-top. Her voice
There was no going back now screeching at me. My murderous rage. Her
She edgeJfoward again, still holding
her breath' and accusations. My sudden realisation, as we stood on
peeredslowly round the door' ln the gloom, she could the windblown cliff, that I could stop her moaning
make out a great hallwith a table in the centre,
but little once and for all. Her shock as I turned towards her
shadows
else.Her end of candle re'tealedonly looming and she saw my face. Her cry of terror as she
The airwas heawwith a pungent backed away. Her -
and shifting shapes.
smell of decay from which she recoiled in
honor' But it And here my mind goes crazy and it is as if it is
was now or nerter. She took a deep breath, and cupping me, not her, who is falling through the air, failing
the door'
the flickering candle in her hand, passed through and screaming, in unimaginable terror. I fall. I fa1l.
I
Too latel Before she could make out where the old fall. And so it goes on till I slowly gain enough
chest might be hidden, the door crashed to behind her,
control to heave myself to the toilet, where I am
and was left alone in the
her candle was blown out, she thoroughly sick.
darkness. But not quite alone, for close at hand a chilling
voice whispered, '\Uelcome, my dear' Welcome to the
Castle of Doom.' Cbmment on the text above from a literary point of view,
using the questions below to help you. Back up your
statements with reasons and examples from the text.
Comment in about 250-300 words upon the text. Use the Use about 300 words.
questions below to help you. Give reasons for your
opinions and back your statements with examples from 1 tUThat is the theme of the text?
the text. 2 Vould you describe the point of view as objective,
subjective or omniscienP
1 \$[here do you think the text is taken from?
3 What is the tone of the text? Is the language colloquial or
2 What is the subiect matter of the texp formal? Is the passage mainly narrative or descriptive?
3 Frorn whose point of view is the text written? Vhat is the 4 ttlhat stylistic devices are used? (For e>rample, short
effect of this? sentences, repetition, flashbacks.) \Vhat is the effect?
4 what point do you think the text is trying to make? Does 5 Do you find the passage convincing, or is it simply
it do this successfully? melodramatic?
5 \[hat is the effect of this tex on you, the reader? 6 tVhat is your response to the text?

{<t {<t
75
 unit
16

& Grammar 2 There was no need to have brought me a present!

You
a Choose the most appropriate words underlined:

1 Dave gives rarely/Iarely gives the wrong answer. 3 They are fitting new radiators tomorrow,
2 The more/More exercise yor,r take, the fitter y,ou become. \Ve
.3 Sonre o[ my friends u,ork :r tbtrr-clay week/a four-days
week. 4 lt's time for a change of government.
4 !7e stay o en up/often stay up until after midnight. It's time we
5 Red-hairs people/Red-hairecl people look good in green.
6 [ielen was wearing a black long ctress,/long black dress.
l$(ze had a wonderful Italian mealz'an Italian
5 How do you see your life in ten years' time?
7 wooderful Vhat do you think you
meal.
8 Mark is alwavs/alwavs is cheerful.
L) Ve'vc got a big rt'hite hairy cat,'white big hairy cat.
6 Jim not only failed his driving test, but also crashed the
car,
l0 fhe more I teach him, the leastr'the less he seems to
Not only
understand.

b Rewrite each sentence so that it contains the word in 7 They searched all day but discovered nothing.
capitals, and so the meaning stays the same. At the end of a
I I clon't think I've ever seen a bcttcr filrn. RARELY
8 'Kate, this is my brother, Stephen,' said Alice.
Alice introduced
2 'l'he cloucls passed across the sky at high speed.
RAPIDI,Y d Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in
capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.

1 I think differently norv. MINI)

J I)aul has only had health problems from time to time.
OCCASIONALI,Y
2 You won't get better by taking aspirins! IVLAKE

4 Their jorlmey lasted six weeks. \rcEK

work.
3 The washing machine doesn't DOV'N

5 Ve stayed in a wonderful Gothic castle. OLD

4 '{/e haven't got enough money to buy a new TV

AFFORD
6 As she grow.s old, she g;ets more beautiful. OLDER

5 Vhen can you arrive, at the earliest? \7rlAT'S

7 As I studied the problem it seerned insoluble. MORE

5 It's Helen's frrst visit to Bucharest. BEFORE

B Jane w'atches television at the weekend. SELDOM

7 Ann's a passenger on tomolTow's train to Warsaw. BY

c Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the
meaning stays the same.
1 \)"'lurt a pit)' we took thc rvrong r<>ad. 8 Please complete this form. IN
If only

76
 Dark secret
17
1 Reading a What do you think is the attitude of the writer of this
article? (belief, doubt, scepticism?) Quote words and
phrases that support your view.

The E.o swell Inc ident

lsthe.Roswelllncident,oneofAmericasbiggestcover-upsanddark
secrets? 0r is it merely an example of a perfectly normal event which has
seen by them as the
tat[n into the hands of UFO activists and is now

-
closest encounter our world has ever had
with aliens?
New
fiaf began in July 1947 when the local newspaper in Roswell'
titles as'RAAF Captures
Mexico, pub-lished vaiious articles with such
irvlrg i;r"o on Ranch in Roswell Region',
'Ramey Empties Roswell
He Told About
Siucef anO'Harassed Rancher Who Located Saucer Sorry
It'. Debris was recovered, consisting of rubber, tinfoil,
sticks and paper; b Are the following statements true or false according to the
of a weather balloon article? Write T or F and conect any false statements.
this was widely believed to be simply the wreckage
and the matter received no more publicity' 1 It was 30 years after the original incident before any
lhe
Then in 1978, an article appeared in the tabloid newspaper articles were published _
t n qu i re r slalingthat a f o rmer i nte I
Nat i o nal Ii gence off cer,
i Marcel'
2 Nothing was ever found to prove anything had
ctaimed he irad rec6vered UFO debris from Roswell
in 1947. This lead to
happened at all _
with both
research, the publication of various books, based on interviews 3 A lot of people continue to make money from the
civilian and military witnesses and numerous television shows're- Roswell Incident _
creating'what supposedly haplened. The overall thrust of
these articles,
4 There are supposed to be interviews with aliens who
ind the.,Roswell lncident'was actually the crash ol a
books shows is that
government recovered it and
crashed _
craft jrom another world, and that the US 5 There continues to be an enormous amount of interest in
this fact from the public since 1947, using a
has been covering up Roswell _
combination ol disinlormation, ridicule and threats of bodily harm' 6 There is proof that the US government has been
proportions and
The'Roswell lncident'has since grown to mythical involved in withholding informarion about this
were
includes the claim that alleged bodies of extratenestrial aliens incident
supposedlyretrieved.Manypeoplenowmaketheirllvinglromit,andthe
Corrections:
area has become a tourist site. The incident's recent 50th anniversary
packed the town both with earnest ulologists arguing about spaceships
was
and weather balloons and extremists who believe alien technology
secretly used by modern stealth bombers. Some even feel that one day
really
the aliens will return to Roswell and the whole dark secret of what
happened before will finally be revealed. lt may be a long wait'

c Explain the meaning of the following:

1 r 1
il a cover-up

\ 2 debris

3 a tabloid newspaper

f,r 4 UFO

t' 5 ufologist

77
 u"n
17

6 the overall thrust 3 Vocabulary: Word building

7 disinformation
a Complete each sentence with a word derived from the root
word given in capitals.
8 extraterrestrial e,g. The actress's scnndalous behaviour made the
front page of the tabloids. SCANDAL
9 alleged 1 His childhood has been a period of considerable
and suffering. FIARD
10 eamest 2 The new minister was a ruthless and
man. PRINCIPLE

d lf somebody asked you: "What was the Roswell lncident?",

3 The house was soon in flames.
GULF
how would you reply in a single sentence? 4 Jessica kept giving Sam such
looks that he left the party in embarrassment. FLIRT
5 The property salesman did not
care what disinformation he gave in his efforts to secure
a sale. SCRUPULE
6 A thriving mixed economy is a of
sound economic growth. REQUIRE (not requirement)
e What's your immediate reaction? Do you think there could
7 The directors became the of much
be a cover-up, or do you think it's iust a good alien story?
criticism when the company's annual turnover was
announced. RECETVE
8 The father had a completely
attitude to his daughter's marriage to a man he did not
approve of. FORGIVE

b Fill in the missing word to complete each collocation - the

2 Writing first letter has been given to help you.
Use these notes to write two or three more short
1 Once you've heard digital S you
paragraphs aiming to prove once and for all that there is a
won't want to go back to your old system.
rational explanation for the Roswell lncident and that no 2 Many saints had a sudden religious
alien activity was involved. when they reiected their old
- Ilecoverecl u reckage: from a Proiect Mogul balloon lives and tumed to God.
\o eliens - clifierent numbers/sites given - no photos/ 3 Alec became an itinerant and

specimens went about calling people to repent.

- Information from verbal reports made many years later - 4 Thewords scandaland darksecret often appear in
witnesses often died - second or third hand accounts tabloid newspaper h
' 'rn,l frrrrilr'- no physical evidence 5 Pead Harbour was an American naval

- claims olten made by people using pseudonyms - refuse b in Hawaii.

to be publicly identified - often making money 6 lt's hard to be condemned for one mistake - surely
themselves from the incident everyone deserves a second c
Air Force records show no evidence of any cover up 7 What's done is done - it's no use crying over spilt
-
m
Remember to use words such asfirst$t, secondly, ln
8 Ihaveasceptical towards
addtt orr, besldes, lastly and so on to sequence your politicians and don't believe anything they say'
ideas. Add a conclusion in which you sum up the evidence
and make your own Position clear' c Unscramble the anagrams in the box to find the word that
coresponds to each definition.
*<5 P/STSOffS IBLSUFSL
LOFYL ULOZSAE
t_

78
 ""r, 17
Definition
A summary of a longer piece
Word 5 Written commentary
of writing
Extremely happy When I was young,
Pretending to have qualities and
beliefs you do not have
my mother told
me that my father EAr*rI.1r
Describing the character of a book
whose name is the title
Concise and accurate
had died in the
war. A hero, of
course. I had a
fEgBET'
hupp, childhood, and when I was twelve my mother
Enthusiastic and fanatical I remarried. My stepfather didn,t fit the stereotypes
Foolishness of
Unpleasant, frightful, repulsive fiction at all, but loved me as his own daughter, and as
far as I was con(erned, I now had a real father. And it
aaaaaaaatoaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat wasn't until I was twenty-one, when my mother showed
a a me my birth <ertifi<ate, that I understood the truth.
a Pause for thought a They had never been married. I did wonder about him
a a
a "Tbere is only oni tbing ln tbe utorW.oorse tban being a from time to time, and wished I had met him, but it was
a a only years later, when I was sixty-two, that I decided
a talked about, and tbat is not being talked about." a to
a a find out all I could about my real father.
(1 Oscor Wilde 89 1
)
a a A few months of research in local records pieced
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa the
story together. No wonder Mother had kept quiet
about
4 Gap passage him, I thought at first, but then perhaps she never
knew the truth either. Arthur Hickson, which was
really
only
Write one suitable word in each space. one of his names, had robbed five banks in the
north of
England, killing a policeman in the process.
My mother
had, unknowingly I think, been hiding him from
the law.
Where she met him I have no idea, nor do I know
Do youwr-ntto know a secret? story he told her. But he was caught before I
what
was born,
Never tell,vour best friend your darkat secrct, so they say, because everyone and after a trial in york, he was hanged in
Wakefield
will knorv all [21 prisgp,in r949. tt's a strange feeling,
t1l -.-it knowing that your
hfore the end of the week. This maY t3l true, but it father was hanged.
hide.lf 5o I had found out who my father was, but,
assumes that everyone has got something [4] to be
honest, it left me cold. His biological contribution
you think about it, what [5] of secrets can we rcally
aside,
to ourselves nowadalt? Because the truth of the
there was nothing of Arthur Hickson in me,
t6l I told
is that somebody somewhere knovs everything
myself. I was brought up by my mother, and
t7l my Dad, as
this age of comPuter records and
I always called my stepfather, and
about you. [8] l,m their child if t,m
surprise to discover anybody's. Most of the time I wish I had
sovemment snooDins, it's [9] never found out
about Arthur Hickson. He,s irrelevant to
that you can't hide [10] .-- more. City cenffes are me, in fact. But
at other times, I grieve for him, poor man.
surveyed by cameras, suppoedly to prcvent crime, but they can Who knows if
well h used to keE track of individuals.
it was all his fault? What was he really like?
as
u1l
When we talk to our friends [12] the Phone, how do

we know that t13l else is eavesdropping on our call,

of their
and taking notes of everything we say? Big companies examine the e-mails Comment in about 250-300 words upon the text. Use the
employees [14] a matter of course, iust to make sure questions below to help you. Give reasons for your
that nottring illegal is [15] done in their name, and opinions and back your statements with examples from
you can't assume that govemments arc not doing the same thing' Still, it the text.
t15l be nice to think that there art still some things
our
I Vhere do you think the text is taken from?
we can keep secret. We all believe that deep [i7]
2 Vhat is the subject matter of the text?
-
rninds we can hide things, and nobody will ever know about them. Unfofiunately
3 Vhat is the attitude of the writer to the subiect of rhe
the evidence seems to k [18] this. People with secrch
text? Does this surprise you?
seem to have an ovenrhelming ned to tell [19] to
4 Whar is the effect of this text on you, the reader?
thing

{<t
somebdy else. So perhaps ttrere is no [20] as a

secret after all.

-
79
17',*'
S Grammar 3 There isn't time to change the tickets now
It',s
a Decide whether BOTH or ONLY ONE of the phrases
underlined is correct. Circle any correct versions. 4 I couldn't do anlthing about it because you didn't tell
I Dol't worry, you can count on me,/count me on. me in advance.
2 ll.re iudge clecirled to let FIarry off,/let ofT Harry r.r'ith If
a u'arning.
-l lhe police tracked donn the criminal/trackecl the 5 This is the last time I lend you any money
clirrinal dorvn r.rsing computer recorcls. I'm not
1 I ran into an-Bkltrendlgn-agdd-frjgldjols last nrght rt
the pr-rb. 5 what exactly is the meaning of 'exogamy'?
5 Mike expccted problems, but he didn't bargain for '$fhat exactly does
this./he didnt bargain this for.
6 Don t forget to look up me/look me up when yott're in 7 lt's not a good idea for you to take a risk.
London. You had

B 'Vhy do I have to do this?' Harry asked the teacher

Harry asked the teacher why

b
d Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in
capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.

1 Sorry, but when you spoke, I wasn't really listening.

SAII)

Jack's car has stopped working. BROKEN

2 Young children find dinosaurs fascinating RY

comes from a rich family. MAKES

I By the time Carol gets here, the film will have begun'
it again yesterday. BROUGHT
STARTS

Let's f,nish it once and for a1L. OVER \(ITH

4 Nothing that Tom says is believed by anybody

6 Carry on n'ith the good workl LrP
ANYTHING

7 Horn exactlv did the situation happen? COME

5 This is the best meal I have ever eaten! BETTER

our meeting until next week? PUT

6 \What do you think we have to do? BE

c Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the

meaning stays the game. 7 I'm sure that Diana is enioying her holiday. MUST

1 Using a calculator is not allowed.

You'rc not
8 They've eaten all the biscuits, I'm afraid. LEFT

bornb severely <iamaged the front of the building

fiont

80
 Fantasy world [*
1$. I

1 Reading
Philip Pullman is a prize-winning author of fantasy books,
including the His Dark Materials trilogy, an extract from
which is included in the Extra page for this unit in the
Studentt Book.
Here Pullman gives his views about writing and reading:
a How does Philip Pullman compare the experience of
reading with that of watching televislon or films?
lnterviewer: Philip Pullman, you have been credited Do you agree?
with the quasi-magical power of getting children to
read. How do you manage to entice even reluctant
readers to discover some of the joy of books?
Philip Pullman: We read for many reasons' But what
all of us get from engaging in a story, you don't quite
get with television and film. On screen the pictures
do your imagining for you' When you read, you have
to put more into it - and what you put in, you get out'
lnterviewer: Do you remember when you discovered
reading for Yourself?
Philip Pullman: I was about six and I was learning to b Respond to what is said about the different ways of
read. I was in a Rudyard Kipling story about a camel reading. What kind of reader are you? Do you race ahead
and its hump, and I saw through the print to get at to find out what happens or read slowly and appreciate
the sfory. I felt, yes! I understand it! lt was a magical the style? What do you think are the advantages of each
feeling - a sense of joy and power and freedom. approach and is one better than another?

lnterviewer: Your books are quite serious and deal with

the age-old battle between good and evil. ls humour
also important to You?
Philip Pultman: Anybody who can make me laugh is a
great hero. I had a sad letter from a teacher who was
doing my book lhe Fireworkmakels Daughterwilh
her class, who wrote that she was having the
greatest difficulty stopping them looking ahead to
see what happens. But one of the joys of reading is
to look forward to finding out what happens next.
There are different ways of reading: slowly, savouring
and re-reading descriptions, or following a complex c Express the interviewer's last question -,Do you have any
argument through a piece of Prose. tips for parents still battling to win over the book-shy?'-
lnterviewer: Do you have any tips for parents still in your own words.
battling to win over the book-shY?
Philip Pullman: Say'This book's forbidden. lt's not for
you. Don't touch it. lt's this one here and l'm putting it
up on the shelf and going out for a couple of hours".

81
 Urut
18

d How would you describe Pullman's final answer? Do you

think what he suggests would work? Why or why not?
3 Vocabulary: The odd word out
a Underline the odd word out in each group, and explain
your choice.

7 abyss dungeon cbasm uoid

2 dragon elf dwarf troll

G Here are two more questions and answes from the
interview. Put the words into the correct order.
1 Intervt&er: only / to / is / children / the / get / read / 3 Wll wratb witcbcrafi uand
fiction/to/way?'

4 cah,es claws fangs talorc

Philip Pullman: range / fascinating / is / for /
/ are
wonderful / a / children,/ there / books / popular /
which/science/of 5 wauer "fall tumbb topple

6 brink tbresbold edge Pit

2 Intcrviewer: an / should / child / give,/ book / you / a

/ adult's ?
7 robe cloak crock ierkin

Philtp Pullman: grown-up / fascinated / wl/'l / far / take 8 sbriek ,rss rnurrnur tbrob
/ children / by / if / follow / as / subiect / / a as / them
/ it / book / they / the / are / can

b There are many well-known - and well-used - similes in

English. Can you complete the ones below? Fill in the
blanks as appropriate using the words in the box. You may
have to make some inspired guesses!

2 Writing cool gold aflaslt fieslt a dog tbick batd

a sanfuolt sln ,nustad old poar atnqwe
a Use the information in the interview to write a short ct ptcture frt Ught arake a slfret dry tuat
article about Philip Pullman for a student magazine'
I
Report his opinions rather than using direct speech. Think of 1 as happy as
an interesting way to begin and end, as well as a catchy title. 2 as white as
Aim for two or three short paragraphs and about 200 words. 3 as quiet as

*<r 4
5
6
as thin as
as quick as
ds good as
b What was your first experience of reading? Can you
7 as keen as
remember the first book you ever read? What does reading
8 as sick as
mean to you now? Do you enioy books about fantasy
g as pretty as
worlds or do you prefer to read about the world as it is?
10 as ugly as
Write in the form of an interview, with about five 11 as as the hills
questions and your own answers to them. 12 as as a new pin
1.3 as a feather
*<E as

82
 ,r-,
18

a a a a aaa a a aa a a aa aa aa a aa a aa o aaaa ara a

T4 as as a ctlcumkr a a
75 AS as a church mouse a Pause for thought a
a a
16 as as a fiddle a 'AAfi)at u)e see or seern a
77 as as two short planks a o
a Is but a dream wltbtn a dreann" a
18 as as dust
a Edgor Allon Poe (18a9) a
79 as as a daisy a a
20 as as nails a a

Choose three similes you like and use them in sentences:

5 Gap passage
Write one suitable word in each space.
(D

(iD
Ihe Potter Phenomenon
In Britain, as in most otherparts of the world, it's an unusual
t 1l to see hundreds of chilfllsn 6f all ages,
(iiD queuing I2l
_ outside bookhops in the early
morning, and then rushing t3l
_ as soon as
the doors open to buy bools. It's much t41
.-
usual to hear teadrers and parents complain

4 Use of English t51

- [6]
would
.----------
_
children don't read any more, and
spend hours playing computer
Complete each sentence with a word made from the root games, chatting on the internet, or watching TV with a slice of
word given in capitals. pizzainone [7] --- and the remote conhol in
1 The forces of good fought before the other. But this is just what [g]
.----
they were frnally captured. HERO happened every time a new Harry poflerbook has
2 The problem of how to raise the money appeared as [9] ------------ published. Ihe stories about Harry's
virtually MOUNT progress in his education
3 Philip Pullman is one of the most [lOj ----- awiznd
have become best-sellers, and are widely read
of contemporary writers. IMAGINE by adults and
4 After trying to talk to him several children of I I 1 ] - ages. rhey have even been
times, I gave up and sent an email instead. SUCCESS republished with more'adult' covers, 2l
[l
5 The of the wind in his poem as a that people reading them on the train will not
be embarrassed.
figure on a galloping horse was most effective. PERSON And, inevitably, after the first Harry potter fllm,
there has
6 If you get involved with evil trolls,
you may never come out alive. LUCKY
[13] . a flood of Harry potter products, very
expensive cloaks and wands and board-games.
7 stories are now less popular than One unexpected
fantasy ones. REAL side-effect 1141_ that it is no longer a
8 We had to analyse the poem's meaning and problem for small boys to S]
Il seen
INTEND
9 There was a flash and everything like Harry's have become very popular, and
everyrvhere one goes,
went dark. BTIND
10 The world of Tbe Lord of tbe Rings
oneruns [17] . mini pottersblinking
behind their shiny specs. Should we be
lives on in your imagination long after you have read the worried
book or seen the film. MYTH lf8l thepopularity ofstories aboutblack
magic and public-school snobbery, or
should we just be gmteful
t19l a good read? Don,t worry, you
won,t
I2Ol into a mouse if you give the
wrong answer.

83
1g ',"n

6 Written commentary 7 Grammar

a Put the verb in brackets in the correct form to complete
each sentence. Add a modal auxiliary if necessary. More
=]THE CRVSTAL than one answer may be possible.

trNTRAPMtrNT= 1 I *'ish I (not spend)

money. Now I'm broke!
all my

The Wolf Master uttered a high-pitched howl, and vanished into 2 I wish Heler.r (make) up her mind.
the darkness, followed by the rest of his beasts. A series of cries 3 Sorry. t>ut I llcl es il I (faint)
echoed across the mountain, and then there was silence. Avelrag s
4 I u.ish it (stop) raining.
sword gliftered less and less until the fiery blue glow was stilled' 5 I feel terrificdl I rvish l (not see)
He wiped something from his sword, returned it to its sheath, and
that fihnl
spoke to his companions. 'That was well fought, but the battle
will 6 I rvish I (have) a mobile phone
The head teacher insists that Tom (leave)
not end tonight. I fear that we have many a perilous day before us'
his mouse at home.
until we reach the refuge of the Shining Stone.'
The Shining Stone! The very name seemedto bring hope to
8 In'ishI(come) next week but
I'm too busy.
0liver and Geoigie, who were shivering in their thin clothes. 0liver
9 I'll tell you nly secret. prx.'iclccl y<;u (not tell)
was trying to look brave, but he realised that he didnt much care
perhaps anvone else.
for woivei. Georgie was feeling for the first time that
there was a way out of this nightmare after all' The Shining
10 John acts as if he (lfue) on
them another planet.
Stone! Perhaps that was the gateway which would lead
into their own safe
through Uncle Silas's crystal ball and back b Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in
'ls it very far?' Georgie asked. 'And will we be able to get
world. capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.
home from there?'
She could see, very clearly, but only in her mind s
eye' the old I You must release my clier-rt at once. DEMAND
in his chair, smoking his pipe'
caravan, with Uncle Silas rocking
contained the crystal ball.
There was the velvet covered box which
'And whatever you do' don't look 2 I'cl like you to stay longer. V4SH
She could still hear him saying,
into the ball ...'
lt is
Avelrag grunted' 'You ask too many questions'child
Stone will we be
enough to ino* that only if we reach the Shining 3 I'd like to know the answer, but I don't. \ulSH
As for what other
safe irom these servants of the Great Wizard'
you, there will be time to know when we are safely
O.tiiny awaits
among the trees
inere." ay now iht silver-clad bowmen kneeling
4 I'd really like to be an airline pilot. \UERE
had formed a line. lt was time to march on'

Comment in about 250-300 words upon the text. Use the 5 Don't clo that, it's really annoying. \(ilSH
questions below to help you. Give reasons for your
opinions and back your statements with examples from
the text.
6 lf I rvere you, I'd come back later this afternoon.
1 \flhere do you think the text is taken from? SlJCGESl'
2 \flhat is the subiect matter of the text?
3 From whose point of view is the text written? Vhat is the
effect of this? If you promise to be carefr'rl, I'11 let you drive my car. AS
7
4 How does the text create a sense of 'fantasy'? Does it do
this successfullY?
5 \7hat is the effect of this text on you, the reader? .i{'ISH
ll It was wrong of you to do that.
{<t
a
 "*'l8
9 I'd like to help you, but I can't. \7lSI{ Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in
capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.

1 I have bigger problems than this! LEAST

10 I'd like to have more free tinte. \/ISH

2 There's very little news from the war-zone. MUCH

G Rephrase each sentence, beginning as shown. so that the

meaning stays the same.
will clefinitely win the marathon. BOUND
1 If you asked rne to m.rrry you, I'cl refuse.
Y'ere

2 It's unbelievable that'I'ina has three chilclren!

4 Vhat is Charles like? KIND
It's hard

3 There is every likelihood that the match n'il[ be cancellecl. 5 We expected them here an hour a5;o. SHOULD
It iS

4 Kate rv'ill probablv make a f-ull r'ccovery lrom hcr illncss. 6 The plumbers are still fixing the hot-water system. YET
There'.s a

5 According to ).ou, everlthing I do is u,rongl Surely you haven't finished alreadyr. CAN'T
Whatever

6 Don't ask me wherc.iefl is hicling!

It all seems a bit senseless to me MAKE
I've got

7 Can you desclibe the nran to me?

Can yor-r give
How did the police discover his identity? \fHO

8 'I q,asn't involved in the rohben'. said Sarn.

Sarn denied The train arrived less than rwo minutes after I got on the
platform. BEEN

9 Thc clcxrr is autor-natccl.

The cloor opens ancl closes

10 Could I possibly see NIr W:rtkins?

Is there

85
I
 Eternal youth k
,,.E$$i!*l
*i *-
.t\

1g
t
1 Reading
a Here are three one-sentence summaries. Match each to the
appropriate paragraph.

THE BBITISII The majority of teenage girls and a eonsiderable

percentage of boys are unhappy with their appearance
and believe that what you look like is all-important.

TEENTAOEB 2 Certaio underprivileged teenagers are having problems at

to recent research' is going school and do not feel they have a part to play in
The British teenager, according
,f.r.",, gn a diffi cu li phase' Ap
pirently a gn ifi cant mi nority society
.si

air"f"a"d with learn n g' and d sadvantaged

i i
you ng 3 Teenagers inhabit a private world of language that aduls
"J
p*pi"l* .'ienated from mainstream polrtics and usually do not understandarrd,which reflects their
and attitudes and interests.
Lonfur"a about how to achieve adulthood
independence'. Now write a one sentence summary for each of the two
a turbulent time' remaining paragraphs.
Teenage years have always been
But the inexorable
.n".f.,"g tf,ey do the rites of Passage' (i)
,o.lut ti"na, past half-century have made teenage
"! oithe
more complicated than it used
to be: every new
fii"
army of
iUn"uun turn monitored not only by an the style gurus
""a
il;g;;nd psvchologisls' but also by
;h" t"i to the iabulously lucrative teenage market'
importantto (ii)
Aooearances are stupendously
i4o/o u" unhappv with their
legs'
."";r:s:;;A;;ng girls,
about their height'Two
while l0% of boys are unhappy
l4- 5 would like to be slrmmen
tiirds of girls aged I
one in eight
..rr*"E *'th"one third of boys' though Snly
grunge look
; ;iffi"I; overweight' ln clothes'the scrufly and
;; ;;;"r., been replaced bv sportswear b Explain in your own wolds:
"goit' still with the ubiqurtous trainers'
i""t f'.i..rt, - tiough 1 what the difference is between a sociologist and a
party by roughly three psycbologist
Teenagers suPPort the Labour
to one, but most are pretty
apathetic ti
tl", great issues
P"rsonal wealth is closer to
their hearts:two-
;;;;; and 7l%
#""
in,rir to be richer than their parents
largely ignored
J;#;,o be miltionaires.They have
name products
and prefer to buy brand
;;;; environmentally friendly' 2 what rites of Passage are
rather than those whrcn are

Language becomes a code

to keep aduhs at bay and
abusive' Som^e
."n odn 6e both mystifying and
as'Beavttartans
;;;;rt may describe themselves '
characters
'"1."i Beavis and Butthead cartoon
on junk 3 what a style guru does
"faothe
who live on , tornpl"t"ly
nuttition-ft"" diet based
rior" in the way or study'
food and do exceedinii "-ti:to
ano
wholly mysterlous
ln fact, teenagers remain
have alwavs been'
I .;;;;ri - p"r.hupt much as they

;
 ""r. 79

4 whatthe grunge look is 2 Writing

Write a short piece about teenagers in your own country.
Use your personal experience and comment on what you
see around you. Try to cover the topics in the article
(politics / appearance / language / ambitions I lood I
5 how clinically oueruteigbt differs from ouerweigbt learning) and any others you find relevant.

Aim for a light humorous tone and about 200 words.

{<E
6 what green issues usually include
3 Use of English
Rewrite each sentence so that it includes the word in
capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.

1 After he had written a series of successful witty

comedies, Oscar S/ilde became London's most admired
c Find words from the passage to complete the following
playwright. THANKS
sentences. The number in brackets is the number of the
relevant paragraph.

1 The Labour party won because many Conservative voters

felt by policies on Europe. (1)
2 Because of his strong beliefs, he felt rather isolated from
2 Sibyl Vane committed suicide because Dorian Gray left

the of social life in the

her. DRIVEN

community. (1)
3 days followed the riots and
demonstrations. (2)
4 The rise in the cost of living 3 The British eat more chicken than any other meat.
means that we all need to work harder. (2) COMMON
5 Patrol ships the movement of
whales in the area. (2)
6 Selling stuff on the Internet was seen as a
very new business opportunity
(2) 4 There are now more and more hotels built in popular
7 The new generation of computers have memory banks holidaydestinations. PROLIFERAIING

that have been increased. (3)

8 I was made rather anxious by the
presence of police on the streets. (3)
9 The audience was so and 5 It had been arranged so that each person had a different
uninterested that the comedian cut his act short. (4) partner every time they came to the salsa class.
10 Adam found he had to put up with a lor of rude IU(/HEREBY
comments from his class mates
and eventually reported the matter. (5)
11 Because of their poor the children
grew weaker and weaker. (5)
1,2 The government has made two 6 He had two very different lives - one as a serious
promises - to improve education but not to put up accountant and the other as a crazy jazz drummer.
taxes. (5) DOUBLE

d Whatl your reaction? Choose two facts in the article that

have struck / surprised you and comment on them.

{<t
87
a
19',*'
4 Vocabulary 7 The subiect of \7ilde's plays was
usually domestic comedy.
a Combine one word from each box to create ten compound (a) material (b) titles (c) themes (d) matter
words. Use five to complete the passage, and the others in
8 There was a powerful electric
five sentences of your own.
running through the wires.
(a) supply (b) energy (c) curent (d) bulb
ultra life loatb tbeatre wall super face..
need ouer u)t7re aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
a
lift gruttn paper /ess uiolet bouse like
Pause for thought a
a-
natural g()er some "Betngyoung is great$t ooeresthnated. .., AnyJatlure a
a
seetns so total Later orr, you reahse you can bante a
The in the sitting room was anotber goJ a
a
so that we stripped it all oft
Mory Quont 1996 a
immediately, replacing it with a modern pattern we had a
aaaaraaaaaaaataaaaaaaaaaaaaaaoaaa
bought cheap from the . We then set
to work on the
which,
garden
to say, took weeks of work
5 Gap passage
before it looked good enough to sit out in. Write one suitable word in each space.

(D

Sntrnls e/erna,fy ou/^6

(ii)
The young, of course, find [1]
"f hard
grow
(iii) to believe that theY will [2] --.------
older, and feel sure that they will stay
young for
t3l Perhaps they are right' and itS all a
aJt
(iv) you feel' The
qu.r,ion of 14)
problem is [5] . nowadays' more than
(v) age of Youth
ever before, we live 161
and clothes
The media are devoted to the young, music
r7r
lt I . produced mainly
for them, and it's
b Choose the correct collocation in each case:
easy for we oldies to feel left [8] .--.----.----..------ of
tql is ProbablY whY so ma ny of
1 Julian seemed to have been born with things,
ability to play the clarinet. us are
tJt
-young
fighti ng back. [10] to
a
(a) real (b) natural (c) native (d) musical
-
surgery vitamins, dieting and daily sessions
in the
cosmetic
2 People who live their lives in the public
-an
gym, its Possible to retain your youthful figure,
and some

must expect to be harassed by of your youthful

in
reporters. your sixties. We've become a Peter Pan societY
(a) view (b) domain (c) world (d) eye t12l Joan Collins and Mick lagger
popular with they have
3 Mobile phones are never g
- 4]
teenagers today. somehow acquired grandchildren. [1
(a) largely (b) hugely (c) constantly (d) widely change your face, and anY
you are wealthY enough, You can
4 just as You
Nter the facelift went wrong, the actor had to have other Parts You f'ancy, every Year or so,
surgery move house or buY a new car'
[1 s]
(a) major (b) serious (c) big (d) important 6]
And who knows, perhaps before [1
5 Only after eating the mushroom, did he realise it might we will all be able to afford the same operations
be one of the poisonous varieties. the stars. Within a half century or
r1 7l
(a) severely (b) dangerously (c) deadly (d) shockingly
so, the majoritY of PeoPle in EuroPe [18]
6 The writer spoke about the times to grow
be over fiftY, and if they all U 9)
he had known in his childhood and which had given if we are in for an
o'0, ;,1oePs [201
him the will to succeed.
interestinq time!
(a) hard (b) evil (c) poor (d) suffering

88
 ,"ra
19

6 Written commentarY Grammar

sentence, beginning as shown, so that
and noticed the effects the same. Do not include anY
Most of us have looked in the mirror
of cosmetic
ot *rr. And most of us have dismissed the idea
Too expensive' And anyway' will
,uri.ry. tlot for me, we say' I We're going to decide this matter tomorros'
it work? Tltis r"natter
lnternational'
Now, for the first time, thanks to Emery
ttrousandsofmenandwomenarechangingtheirminds-and
were
2 Someone had stripped the flat of its contents'
.t their look. For the first time' treatments which
-Or* yours today
on..i*if*f. only to rich Holllvood stars' can be
tt rougt Emery International' You will be amzed at how much
you will feel' after
3 They check the security doors every hour
[*g"., you will look, and how much better The security doors
and friends will wonder
fnty t"f,. iirst session. Your loved ones
more confident
tto* Vou do it when they see a more vivacious' 4 They should have receivecl the money by n<lrl''
after-effects to give
Vou. enO no tel-tale scars or embarrassing 'l-he money
you away.

fl Young or You you send for our free

i Tire-v believe that
mountains.
The Prcsident
the President has fled tc> tlre

But don't take our word for it' When

video, you'll see for yourself iust what a difference
Emery 6 They completecl lhe road at the end of 2001.
you' Skin becomes richeq creamier
tnternational can make to
grows thicker and has that special
and free from wrinkles. Hair
give
bounce and sheen. And Emery weighrloss
treatments can
7 I am honoured that they gave me the prize.
--
you Ur.t,nort youthful figure' And all without the
worry and risk It's an honour to
of expensive surgery.
the treatment
And that's not all. Emery has also revolutionised I Someone was painting the ceiling when I last looked.
too, will look years younger'
of male hair deficiency' Gentlemen, The ceiling
Say goodbye to messy creams and hair-pieces' We guarantee
instant results. They say that the plane is taking off finally at 4.00
methods'
With our pay-as-you-8o plan, the most advanced 'Il-re plane
never before available in Europe, can be yours at a low cost' We
to suit all pockets'
can also arrange easy terms credit 10 Someone l.ras stolen Jim's bike.
So don't delay. Send for our free demonstration
video today' ,i-'.
of the way you
And let Emery International take the worry out
look. What could be easier?
b Rephrase each sentence so that the words underlined are
not included, and so that the sentence contains a verb in
Comment in about 250-300 words upon the text. Use the the passive voice.
questions below to help. Give reasons for your opinions
and back your statements with examples from the text. 1 Ve'll clefinitely dispatch the goocls by the end of t1.re

rveek.
1 Vhere do you think the text is taken from?
2 what is the subiect matter of the text?
3 From whose point of view is the text written? Vhat is the
effect of this? I'm gratefi.rl that they considered me for the job.
4 What point do you tl'rink the text is trying to make? Does
it do this successfully?
5 Vhat is the effect of this text on you, the readerT 3 It's unlikely that anyone will find your wallet

{<6
89

) a
19
,*,

I must have opened our suitcases before they put

the plane.
8 I'm sorry I said that.
I wish

9 rtrThose
iob is it ro clean the window.s?
Passers-by rep<>rted that someone was attacking the old Vho is
man.
10 You're the most interesting person I,ve ever met.
Nobody
People say that the Queen is cleliglrted t() artencl rhe

d Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in

capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.

Unless they change rhe rules, it's impossible for them to 1 Are you sLlre y,ou doni $.unt t() go dancing insteacl?
her as Mi.ss Worlcl. RATFII]R

They will havc pul;lishe<l the lnok ]>\.the encl <tf nexl
2 You can do anyrhing ar all. LIKE
month.

3 In the unlikely event <tf a fire, sprinklers q'ork

They have discoverecl a bocl.v in the fuver Tharnes. automatically. SHOULD

that the EU askecl for a meeting on Friday

4 Vhen you're taking the exam, you'll be in rny thoughts.
]'H]NKING

sqntence, beginning as shown, so that the 5 Howis'lie' different t-rom'lay'?, llFlT\7EEN

the same.

It's not necessani for 1'otr to lrpologise.

You 6 I'm afraid that there is ndhing more we can do.
POSSIBLE
you shoul(l take yotrrsell more seriously
it's timc
7 I can't walk any faster. CAN
Shouldn't s.e think about leaving'/

8 \trhat's wrong with you? MATTER

The meat isn't done yet.
The meat hasn't
9 Is it possible to find a flat in this area? CHANCE
to rain.

10 Please don't all ask questions at the same tirne. ONE

What reason clid David give frrr his absence'/
How

Norma hasn't sung in puhlic before.

90
 rravel bus
2()
l Reading a Which would you say was the moral of this passage?
neoer cbech in a suitcase / don't put arythtng in lour
cose loureal$l cannot da utltbout / mahe sute 1'ott
baoe lost luggage ltsurance ,/ go to 4r. a'uctlott bouse if
Lost Lu 99age than its
lou u)ant sotne bangaln clotbtng and luggage
Give reasons for your choice.

Some luggage is far more widely-travelled

owner. Whil" puts"ngers.get on a plane for the
short-haul flight from London to Paris'
their suitcases
could be heading off for Prague, Panama or Peru'
airline-industry figures' one
According to the latest
item of <hecked luggage in every 2zo goes astray'
Most are reunited with their owners, but sometimes
not until after the holiday is over'
We've all heard horror stories of people off
for
their two weeks in the sun who only see their
suitcase filled with all their new clothes and b Choose the correct answer according to the passage:
at
fashionable swimsuits again once they land back 1 A carousel is
of senior professors on
Heathrow; or listened to tales
(a) a fairground ride for children
ill-fitting ja(kets
lecture tours who had to borrow
6) a place at an airport where passengers c:tn relax and
and ties from their hosts; or heard about tourists have a drink
who lost all the souvenirs and photographs they had (c) a belt at an afuport that moves round and from which
taken such care to collect. passengers can collect their higgage
lf you've stood beside a carousel waiting for your (d) a place at an airport where customs officers inspect
own luggage and seen piles of abandoned and rather your luggage
battered suitcases in corners, have you ever 2 An auction house is
wondered what haPPens to all those that are never (a) a place where lost property is stored until claimed
claimed ? Well, many of them end up at a ba(kstreet (b) a place where goods are sold to the person who
auction house in south London called Greasby's' lt
offers the highest price
holds regular auctions oPen to the public and is a (c) a place where the public can store items they do not
favourite haunt of market traders and car-boot
need immediately
sellers, as well as bargain lovers and perhaps the odd (d) a place where dangerous property is examined and
person hoping to be reunited with their long-lost
destroyed
holdall.
On sale is everything from rucksacks and
3 Car-boot sellers are
(a) people who go to outdoor sales to sell unwanted
mountain bikes to camping equipment and folding
possessions from the boots of their cars
wheelchairs. The rule about items of lu99a9e is that
(b) people who sell second hand cars complete with
you (an prod and poke at the cases before the
their contents
auction but you can't oPen them - so it's a kind of
(c) people who will drive or walk a long way to find
lucky dip. Staff have looked through before to check
abargarn
for spillages or dangerous items and a brief
(d) people who will buy anything from a car to a boot
description is given e.9''blue trolley case containing
gent's clothing'. Prices are low - the average bid for a
4 A trolley case is
(a) a kind of rucksack you carry on your back
suitcase and its (ontents would be between f6 and
(b) a light-weight holdall that can be packed away into
fzo. People who buy stuff usually sell it on or give it a
suitcase when not needed
away to charity - so at least somebody benefits'
(c) a very large case like a trunk
(d) a case with wheels on that can be pulled along

97

, a
 u"n
20

c Explain why the professors, jackets were ill-fitting.

2 Writing
lmagine you are working for a student travel magazine.
Write replies to the following two letters sent in by
readers. ldeas have been given to inspire you. Set out your
answer like a real letter.

lve rcad tlw|

Lots of l.uggage goes dstrag ancl l'rn anxLow
d Explain why people buy other people,s lost luggage
not to lose mine. I've just bought new d.othes for rng holidag
without examining the contents first.
ond wont, to rnoke sure I get to weor t}em. I ftg to Rome
next rnonth. Vfrwt can I do to protect mg Luggage?
JiJ[ We[Lmon. London

(not worry / only very small percentage / clearly labelled ,/

take off old labels / lock name and address inside /
/
holi&y address / claim promptly from carousel / insurance)

e Explain the last words of the passage: ,so at least Mg pcrents are goang to bug me €orre new l.uggag€ for mg
somebody benefits.' birthdag Do gou lncve ong suggestions os to rdlat would M, a
good tgpe to dnos€?
Alex il4cson, Gtasgow

(depends / trolley case easy to pull / holdall fit into small

spaces / not too big / strong / secure lock / rucksack on
back / cannot lock / unusual colour easy to identifu)

f Describe the tone of the passage. What would you expect

its context to be and why? {<t
3 Vocabulary: Collocation
a Pair up one word from each box to make 15 familiar
collocations.

ttztrTorl steep ntountain front bigr-frise

company eady uast fa.st dhect tourist
copttal rlaer weekly sh'ong

g Respond to the passage. Would you be interested in going stealner bours route pa^tsage alloutance
to Greasby's auction house to bid for some lost luggage? ,epresentatlue range tracLs stolmrner botel
Why or why not? destlnation cit! food couer slopes

steep slopes

92
 unit
20
b Now use as many of the collocations from 3a as you can in 8 You must expect a certain degree of
a single sentence. See if you can beat this example which when camping. COMFORT
uses five - and makes good sense! 9 My expenses were paid on the trip, but I received no
other REMUNERATE
e.g. The companu represenlnttte got up in the eaily hours to
pLan tln most direct roult to the highrise hoteL where theg
10 The heat ofthe day was so we
stayed inside until evening. BEAR
would be stogi.ng ot thei next tourist destination.

a aaoaaaaaaaaoaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
a a
a Pause for thought a
a o
a -A man transels tbe utodd ln seatrh oJutbat be needs a
a a
a
and returns bomc tofind lt' a
a George Moore (l 9 I 6) a
a a
a aaaaaaaaoaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa a
4 Spelling
6 Gap passage
Look at each of these 15 words taken from Unit 20 of the
Student's Book. lf you think it is correctly spelt, write Write one suitable word in each space.
CORRECT lf not, write the correct spelling.

volunter encountered
surveyer
accomodation
thoroughfare
endevour
No pIace like home
CUSTOMS equivalent Now that we live [1 I .- the age of cheap
it's
perpendickular depature foreign holidays, and nearly everyone has been to a foreign country'
mithical extremely not surprising that travel books [2] .- have

crammed hords become [3] of the most popular genres of

writing. The problem t4l travelling abroad' as

waterlogged furthermoor
-.-
everyone knows, is that t5] ---.- are s0 many

other foreign tourists there. lt s possible to spend two weeks on a Greek

5 Use of English island but see few, t6l ..-- any Greeks' You can

l7l _-all day by the pool reading yesterdays

Complete each sentence using a word made from the root
paper from home and feel [8] if You
word given in capitals.
tel never left home, aPart
I The information given by the travel agent was totally
[1 0] the weather of course. So it's not
and we were very disappointed
when we came face to face with the reality. LEAD
surprising that many people seek [1 1 ] ..-.- avoid

tourism altogether, and set l12l their own

2 The bank staff were verv rude and
to discover the 'real' country. Travelling around the world before going
when I asked them about the poor exchange rate for
to university, or [13] a break from work, have
euros. HELP -
become very popular too, and more and more people would
3 The locals regarded the tourists as behaving very
. PECUTIAR t14l visit Asia or Africa. And

4 The tourist was wearing such t1 5l of lying on the beach or dancing until
dawn, they are iust as [1 6] to go mountain
clothes that she was not allowed inside the temple.
-on
trekking, or long distance cycling. Travel books encourage us to do this
SUIT ----
5 Make sure you don't pack any in tl7l
-
of thing, with their stories of cycling
your check-in luggage. VALUE across the Himalayas or.iogging in the lungle. My own
6 The babies were looked after in the hotel tl 8l is the story of the man who travelled
. NURSE around lreland hitch-hiking with a fridge as luggage. He did it for a bet,
7 The travel agent was eventually --
apparently, but l'd [191 willing to bet that he
for fraud. PRISON did it so he [20]-- write the book

93
20 "*'
7 Written commentary 8 Text for literary comment
Travel broadens the mind, but there's no place like home 'Hare Krishna. Hare Krishna.,The god Krishna,
Absence makes the heart grow fonder, and home is preserver of the universe in Hindu mythologry.
where the heart is. I thought about these sayings more The chanting woke her round about six each
than once as I waited beside the road where the man with morning. She did not have to look outside the
the empty window of her houseboat to know that on the
On the Rood in barrels had left
me. lwatched
nearby riverbank, three or four middle_aged
men clad only in loincloths were seated cross_
South Americo the spurt of
dust left by his
legged, performing their religious practices.
'Hare Krishna.'She did not get up immediately,
little truck as it laboured and lolted up the mountain side,
but lay listening to the deep, droning voices
until it vanished, and all of a sudden I felt very very alone'
and the insistent lapping of the water.
It was hot and the only shade was a dead-looking tree
which seemed to have given up its attempts to live up A brealdast of mangoes and yoghurt. Then a
here, and started slowly falling over. What on earth was I dip in the river, fully clothed, though people
doing in the middle of nowhere? And would anyone else told her they were crazy to do so. ,youll get
pass this way in the next week or so? cholera.' The foaming, coffee-coloured river
So I'd met some interesting people, it's true, even if
over half a miie wide, the central current
some of them had not been what you might call warm and
flowing upstream while the side currents
friendly. I still bore the marks. Was my mind broader? lt rushed the other way.
was certainly hotter, and more uncomfortable, like the rest Later, in the market, her horror at one-eyed,
of me. Just at that moment, I would have said that there one{egged beggars, squinting children.
was no place like a hotel with a cold bath, followed by a Deformity everywhere you looked. They had
cold beer, followed by another two or three of each, warned her, but it was far, far worse than she
please. And as for the absence all around me - no had imagined. The crowds on the streets made
houses, no people, no trees, no cars - it was making me her feel she was about to suffocate, all that
distinctly fonder of noisy crowds, bustling shops, even pushing and hustling, just to get down the
boring old South Woolton, the home I loved to hate What
I
road. The air itself seemed full of voices, of
wouldn't give to be there at this moment' people struggling to be heard, to be seen, to be
But iust at this low point, magically, a churning' born. But on the other hand, it was like living in
grinding sound reached my ears, and grew louder and a rainbow. Blue, pink, turquoise, indigo, the
louder until from around the corner appeared a heavily- women's saris formed a kaleidoscope of colour.
laden bus. As I ran into the road waving my arms I could She both loved the place and hated it, wanted
feel my mind broadening by the minute Who needed to stay, wanted to go home. India, so frenzied
home when you could get a ride to San Juan, crushed yet so beautiful.
on'
against a crate of chickens? The traveller was moving

Comment on the text above from a literary point of view,

Comment in about 25G300 words upon the text. Use the
using the questions below to help you. Back up your
questions below to help you. Give reasons for your
statements with reasons and examples from the text.
opinions and back your statements with examples from
Use about 300 words.
the text.
1 \[hat is the theme of the passage?
l. \7here do you think the tex is taken from?
2 Vould you describe the point of view as obiective,
2 Vhat is the subiect matter of the texP
sublective or omniscient?
3 From whose point of view is the tex wriften? \(hat is the
3 \Vhat is the tone of the text? Is the language colloquial or
effect of this?
formal? Is the passage mainly narrative or descriptive?
4 What point do you think the text is trying to make? Does
4 \(hat stylistic devices are used? \0fhat is the effect?
it do this successfully? \trrhat is your response to the text?
5
5 'What is the effect of this tex on you, the reader?

{<6 {<E
94
 ""n 20

mar 5 Having completecl his work, he went out for a drink.

After
the most appropriate words underlined:
You m8ht have told melwould have told rne you were 6 I'm thinking about our future meeting n'ith pleasure.
to be late. I'm looking
a fantastic holiclay on the Crete/on Crete.
badly 7 I n'anted a better iob so I went ()n a training coLlrse.
I went on a training course

8 Tina has got really shom hair'

Tina's hair
Jack and Jill ran the hill down,/ran donn the hill.
claimed to have had an encounter from,/with
9 If you have a large house, there is more cleaning.
The larger
is/are the news on?

the verb in brackets in the correct form.

d Rephrase each sentence so that it contains the word in
me that you capitals, and so the meaning stays the same.
Ve waited foi you for an hour.
1 If by any chance Sant cloes rurn up, can you give him
this letter? SHOLILD
it to you. But I
ir.
we (know) the result,
we (lst) you know, 2 Could you possibly say rhar at{ahr? MIND
that she (have) a

the station I realised that the train 3 'Remember to take your keys, Jean,' said Chris.
leave) REMINDED
(work) in the garden when
ring the bell. '
stupid! I wish you (not say)
things like that.
4 T\ey have arresred a man for robbing the local post
the time the tr"rin gets here we (wdt) office. HAS

for more than three hours!

na.s a rninor novelist who (wdte)
detective stories for years. 5 Do you know what George has done? A\7ARE

each sentence, beginning

stays the same.
6 Sam had no memory of the time he learned to swim
The ice-rink was closed because of the hot weather.
LEARNING

the weather will change scx>n.

The weather
7 It isn't very good to eat too nruch meat. EATING

3 'I'm sure that the play is going to be a great success,'

said Tom. 8 Perhaps they callecl while we were our. COULD
Tom preclicted _

hadn't studied. 9 Alan can do much t>errer w.ork. CAPABLE

95
Glossary of literary terms

alliteration f igurative narrative

thc ltrl:re'lttrcl Ltst' of thr stttrte lcttct or Irst rl l,r rlr's, r'ilrt. l.tngLrtge Lllltt t.tses tltr' storr. ol' retl r lr illl.tgnlr ,l ('\ ! r'lt.
sourtrl itt thc lrcginnirrg ol tt'orrls. :irrrilt's rlI(l nl('1:ll)ll()rs, c.g. / ..itttilc is u
novel
espcciallt' in l)()utrv. e .g. /,1/.\ll' 11vtntitttl 'i,,. 1,, 1 1 1r'1 1,i,r', 1t1.
a \\,rittelt st()r\,iltxlut ittrtgitltLt ot'
l()n.r.l

characteriration figure of speech plrrtlY irrrltgirrtty t'lt:tr:tctcrs .tttrl ct't'tr{s

the u'aY in ri'lrit lr lt rr.ritcl cl'c;rtcs .l I)rr l.ll)ll(rr ,,, ttrltilt'
point of view
chalarlrrs in lt lrrxrk. 1->lirr, or filrn tltt pcrsltr'<1irr
genre thc opinion erl'tltc tvritr:r':
collocation e |rrllit'ulur str lt' rtscrl in crtrcttt:.t. ulilirrg frrrtu rvlriclr '.t prtssiti{e is t t ittt'n - ('ltrr l)r'
a regular crxrt'binlttirxr ol u'ords" e.g. (,r :lrl. \\lrrlr r:ilt i)(' r'((r)flllis('(l h\'('crtilill ohJec| itlt' (stt.tr1,' ;rntl erlxtntctcrs :t rc
greeu ttitl.} ('rll'l' I1()t ltlttL' tt'itl.t tttt'.1' li,:rlrrrt.. t.,1. /)r,/r,t7iri' \lt)t'i(. (tr'? (t rlest'r.ilrctl fi<_r1t the gutsiclr): t )nt tt ist it,ttl
lilutt\' .q<'nrt' (thc ch:rracfcls xre cl(scril)L'tl lrrrrt
colloquial witlrhr)r tr sul' clit'e {rhc lttttlt,,r' aclolrts
trscd in infirrrn:rl (1)11\trsitli()t'r r:tthtr llt:ttt historical novel
tl-re l"ursiiion ol urtc ol lltc tlutt:r, lt'rs)
irr writing, or tirrrnrtl lrrngtrage lt t)()\( l lrltst'tl on perrplc ()f ('\:cl)ts lhSt
r ti'tt'r I itt lltr' lr:l\t response
drama tltc rcltiler's f'celingslrntl thortglrl. :rlror.tl
l lirr thc fl)erttrc, r;tclio rt ttlcvisiott
plrrS' e image
tllc tcxt
c\( il('nlcnt: ittr crt ilin.q cve nt rt l)!11111(.' rtt irle:t ol sorttr'lltitt.q itt t'oLtr
rrrir.rti: rr sitrilc ol tt.tt'tnphor simile
dramatic' rvhcn s<,nlt'thitt.s1 sottlcotlc is (()tlll)ilt((l t()
cxciting trttl itrtltressitc. ('.,q. 11 lrz./.{ 1l imagery
s()r)lcorlc,,s()lltt'tlting else . e .g. I lt' tittr lik<'
drumutic ntotlt(ttl. tlrt' rts.' r,l itturgcs th! ilind. lle u'lts tts u'klt'tts tt htti't'
extract literary device
style
a sh<lrt piec'c of u litit-rg l;tkr"tt trottt a r I('( lllli(lr.r(" l,t:t'tl 1() ('l(':lt(' :ln :ll'lisliC
thc r:tarlrcr irt rr iric h il t('\l is \\rritl,. I

Iolrger trrigirul text , lli, I itt lilct';rttltr'. l.r:rrBlllt't irtt'lu<lc

ririlil(s. rtit't:tpllors. lrrrtl lllilcratitln synopsi5
fiction a shtlrt slllllllllllv rrl lt 1rl11r' lrrioli' lti'' t t

lrtxrlis enrl sl()rics :.li)()trt irttitgil'131\' c\ cnt:i melodrama

ancl peoplc .t |i , ,, tilrr-r that is ()\'e.rh' clrsrnitic text
e 1;iccc rrf slitirtg
fictional melodramatic
invcrrtcd ftrr u lrtxrk. 1;llr' or lilrtt: rcl:rting otc'rlv rlrlttl-trtlic. c.g. l)rtrt't lt stt tone
t() ti(1i()n. c.g. //r,' is tr.lit-lirttrrrl cb(ttrt<:l(r. t t t r'lr r.l nt ttt t! I it:.t tlrr: fi'elin.q or ltttittttlc c\1)r('ss('(l ilr il 1

metaphor
rr lrt il :, rrnetltirtg.,s()tllll)ll( is clescrillecl in
t('r nls r)l sa)rllctltirts.i's()lltc()rtu r:lse. e.g.
'l'ltt' llortt,ts tkutcul irt ll.t<' brtxl:<:.

congratulations on completing Prospects super Advanced

Workbook. Well done!
Now the whole of English lies before you - the literature, the
culture and the millions of people who speak the language.
Travel hopefully and enioy the adventure!

96
WORKBOOK SUPER ADVANCED

Prospects is a course for learners of English at secondary level. lt is designed as a multi entry-level course
enabling teachers to choose the entry point according to their students' needs and experience.
Each level offers learners a strong grammatical base. A variety of motivating and stimulating activities give
students the opportunity to consolidate their lmrning. The topics have been specifically chosen to appeal
to teenagers and reflect their interests and ambitions.
Prospects Super Advanced is for students who have a solid foundation in English and offers:
3 new language introduced through interesting and unusual topics
* dynamic and realistic structure presentation and practice
, development and activation of all four linguistic skills
. development of skill in literary appreciation and criticism
. vocabulary development
u authentic texts from varied literary sources
e grammar reference section
. special Talking Points sections
The Workbook can be used at home or in the classroom.
The Teacher's Book contains:
* an introduction to key elements in the book and how to activate them
* ideas to help teachers with every activity
u further structure practice ideas for grammar items that cause recurrent problems
* photocopiable worksheets
' tests

Student's Book 1-4050-0378-2

Cassette 1-4050-0381-2
Workbook 1-4050-0380-4
Teacher's Book 1-4050-0379-0

rsBN 1-4050-0380-4

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MACMILLN