Experiment No.10 AIM: Configuring TCP/IP On Windows Operating Systems Theory

Experiment No.
10
AIM: Configuring TCP/IP on Windows operating systems
Theory:
Protocol:
It is a set of rules and conventions used for communication between network
devices.
Protocols include mechanisms for devices to identify and make connections with
each other, as well as formatting rules that specify how data is packaged into
messages sent and received.
Some protocols also support message acknowledgement and data compression

designed for reliable and/or high-performance network communication.
It determines the type of error checking to be used.

Transmission control protocol (TCP), Internet protocol (IP), Hyper
Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP), File transfer protocol (FTP) etc.
TCP/IP:
 Transmission Control protocol/lnternet Protocol, used to connect

computers on the Internet or network.
 TCP/IP is built into the UNIX Operating system and is used by the
Internet, making it the de facto standard for transmitting data over
networks.
 Transmission Control Protocol, manages the assembling of a message or
file into smaller packets that are transmitted over the Internet and received
by a TCP layer that reassembles the packets into the original message.
 Internet Protocol, handles the address part of each packet so that it gets to the
right destination.
 TCP/IP protocols map to a four-layer conceptual model known as the
DARPA model, named after the US Government agency that initially
developed TCP/IP. The four layers of the DARPA model are:
Application, Transport, Internet, and Network Interface.
TCP/IP model
IP address:
 An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned

to each device (e.g., computer, printer) participating in a computer
network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication.
 An IP address is an identifier for a computer or device on a TCP/IP network.
Two versions of the Internet Protocol (IP) are in use: IP Version4
(IPv4) and IP Version6 (IPv6).
 IPv4 addresses are of 32 bits that are canonically represented in dot-
decimal notation, which consists of four decimal numbers, each ranging
from 0 to 255, separated by dots, e.g., 172.16.254.1
 IPv6 addresses are of 128 bits that are represented as eight groups of four
hexadecimal digits separated by colons.
e.g. 2001:0db8:85a3:0042:1000:8a2e:0370:7334
 The IPv4 address space can be subdivided into 5 classes Class A, B, C,
D and E. Each class consists of a contiguous subset of the overall IPv4
address range.
Diagrams / Experimental set-up /Work Situation
Application Layer (HTTP)

Transport Layer (TCP)
Host A Host B
Application Layer (HTTP)
Transport Layer (TCP)
Network Layer (IP)

Network Layer (IP)
Host to Network Layer
Host to Network Layer
Media for Data Transfer
Fig. Communication in TCP/IP model
Procedure
Complete the following steps to install and configure the TCP/IP protocol.
1. Start->Control Panel->Network and Internet->Network Sharing center,Change
adapter setting
2. Right-click the connection to which you want to add a network
component, and then click Properties.
3. If Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is listed, skip to Step 6. If Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP) is not listed, click Install.
4. In the Select Network Component Type dialog box, click Protocol, and then
click Add.
5. From the Network Protocol list, select TCP/IP Protocol and click OK.
6. From the General tab (for local area connections) or the
Networking tab (for all other connections), select Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP), and then click Properties.
7. Configure TCP/IP either automatically or manually.
Note: Contact your network administrator to find out if there is a DHCP server installed
on your network.
Automatically – You can automatically configure TCP/IP services if you have a DHCP
server on your network. This automatic process ensures easy and accurate installation of
TCP/IP because your local computer is configured with the correct IP address, subnet mask,
and default gateway.
To configure automatically, select Obtain an IP address automatically, and then click OK.
Manually – You must configure TCP/IP manually if you do not have a DHCP server on
your network, or if you are configuring a Windows server to be a DHCP server. In this
case, you must manually enter valid addressing information after the TCP/IP protocol
software is installed on your computer. To avoid duplicate addresses, be sure to use the
values for IP addresses and subnet masks that are supplied by your network
administrator.
To configure manually, select Use the following IP address, specify the necessary
parameters, and then click OK.
Another way to Configuring Windows clients for TCP/IP involves installing and configuring the
TCP/IP network protocol.
The following instructions are based on the Configuring TCP/IP function of Windows XP.
1. Click Start > Settings > Control Panel.
2. On the control panel, double-click Network and Dial-Up Connections.
3. Right-click Local Area Connection.
4. Click Properties. If Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) does not appear in the list, do the
following:
a. Click Install.
b. Select Protocol, and then click Add.
c. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).
d. Click OK. This returns you to the Local Area Connection Properties window.
5. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and then click on Properties.
6. Select Using the Following IP Address. Check with your network administrator to
determine the correct settings for this tab. If your PC does not automatically obtain IP
and DNS addresses, do the following:
a. Enter the IP address of your PC (for example, 199.5.83.205).
b. Enter the subnet mask (for example, 255.255.255.0).
c. Enter the default gateway (for example, 199.5.83.1).
d. Enter the preferred DNS server (for example, 199.5.100.75).
e. Enter the alternate DNS server (for example, 199.5.100.76).
7. If you are using a Windows Internet Name Server, click the Advanced tab,
select WINS Address, and do the following:
a. Click Add.
b. Enter the primary WINS server (for example, 199.5.83.205).
c. Enter the secondary WINS server (for example, 199.5.83.206).
d. The remaining settings should remain as the defaults.
8. Click OK on the Local Area Connection Properties window. It is not necessary to
restart your PC.
Conclusion: In this way we have Configured the TCP/IP on Windows operating systems.

Experiment No.10 AIM: Configuring TCP/IP On Windows Operating Systems Theory

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Experiment No.

AIM: Configuring TCP/IP on Windows operating systems

Some protocols also support message acknowledgement and data compression

It determines the type of error checking to be used.

 Transmission Control protocol/lnternet Protocol, used to connect

 An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned

Diagrams / Experimental set-up /Work Situation

Application Layer (HTTP)

Application Layer (HTTP)

Transport Layer (TCP)

Network Layer (IP)

Media for Data Transfer

Fig. Communication in TCP/IP model

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