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    Coal and Petroleum - Notebook

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    Prateek Vats
    Coal and Petroleum provides information about exhaustible and inexhaustible resources. Fossil fuels like coal and petroleum are exhaustible as they were formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals over millions of years. Coal can be processed to produce coke, coal tar, ammoniacal liquor and coal gas which have various industrial uses. Petroleum refinement involves fractionating crude oil in a distillation column to separate its components based on boiling points, producing fuels and other products. Excessive use of fossil fuels leads to carbon monoxide poisoning due to emissions. Natural gas is called piped gas because it can be supplied to homes through pipes.

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    Coal and Petroleum - Notebook

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    Prateek Vats
    37 views2 pages
    Coal and Petroleum provides information about exhaustible and inexhaustible resources. Fossil fuels like coal and petroleum are exhaustible as they were formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals over millions of years. Coal can be processed to produce coke, coal tar, ammoniacal liquor and coal gas which have various industrial uses. Petroleum refinement involves fractionating crude oil in a distillation column to separate its components based on boiling points, producing fuels and other products. Excessive use of fossil fuels leads to carbon monoxide poisoning due to emissions. Natural gas is called piped gas because it can be supplied to homes through pipes.

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    Coal and Petroleum provides information about exhaustible and inexhaustible resources. Fossil fuels like coal and petroleum are exhaustible as they were formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals over millions of years. Coal can be processed to produce coke, coal tar, ammoniacal liquor and coal gas which have various industrial uses. Petroleum refinement involves fractionating crude oil in a distillation column to separate its components based on boiling points, producing fuels and other products. Excessive use of fossil fuels leads to carbon monoxide poisoning due to emissions. Natural gas is called piped gas because it can be supplied to homes through pipes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    37 views2 pages

    Coal and Petroleum - Notebook

    Uploaded by

    Prateek Vats
    Coal and Petroleum provides information about exhaustible and inexhaustible resources. Fossil fuels like coal and petroleum are exhaustible as they were formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals over millions of years. Coal can be processed to produce coke, coal tar, ammoniacal liquor and coal gas which have various industrial uses. Petroleum refinement involves fractionating crude oil in a distillation column to separate its components based on boiling points, producing fuels and other products. Excessive use of fossil fuels leads to carbon monoxide poisoning due to emissions. Natural gas is called piped gas because it can be supplied to homes through pipes.

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    Coal and Petroleum

    Notebook Q/A – Grade 8

    Q.1) Differentiate between Exhaustible and Inexhaustible resources.


    Ans :
    Exhaustible Inexhaustible
    The resources that are available in limited Resources that are present in unlimited
    quantity in nature are called exhaustible quantity in nature and are not likely to be
    (non-renewable) resources. These resources exhausted by human activities or
    can get exhausted by continued and consumption are called inexhaustible
    excessive human use. (renewable) natural resources.
    Coal, petroleum and natural gas are The Sun, wind, soil and water are examples
    exhaustible resources. Fossil of inexhaustible resources

    Q.2) What are fossil fuels?


    Ans : Fossil fuels are exhaustible sources of energy as the buried remains of plants and
    animals get converted into fossil fuels over millions of years due to the high temperature and
    extreme pressure inside the Earth’s surface.

    Q.3) What are different products obtained by the processing of coal? Write the uses of each
    product.
    Ans : Coal is heated to 1000°C, in the absence of air to obtain useful products such as coke,
    coal tar, ammoniacal liquor and coal gas.
    a. Coke: i)Coke is used as a fuel.
    ii)It is used in the manufacture of iron and steel as a source of heat.
    b. Coal tar :i) The organic compounds obtained from coal tar are used as synthetic dyes,
    drugs, perfumes, explosives, paints. Benzene, naphthalene and phenol are obtained from coal
    tar
    c. Coal gas: i) It is mainly used as a fuel in industries near coal processing plants.

    Q.4) Explain the different steps in the refining of petroleum.


    Ans : i)Introduce the naturally extracted petroleum into the fractionating column. Heat the
    petroleum using a furnace to high temperatures of about 400°C.
    ii)The crude petroleum mixture will boil, forming vapour or gases.
    iii)Formed gases will rise into the long fractionating column. There is a temperature
    difference across the column. The column is hot at the bottom and cool at the top.
    iv)When a constituent of petroleum in the vapour reaches a height where the temperature of
    the column is equal to its boiling point, it will condense into a liquid.
    v)The components with higher boiling points will condense at the lower levels of the column
    and the components with lower boiling points will liquefy towards the top of the column.
    vi)The different components of petroleum or liquid fractions of petroleum will be collected in
    separate trays.
    vii)Separated components are then processed chemically for further use

    Q.5) Give reasons.


    a. Excessive use of fossil fuels is leading to carbon monoxide poisoning.
    Ans : The burning of coal is the major source of production of carbon monoxide in the
    atmosphere. High levels of carbon monoxide in the air can lead to carbon monoxide
    poisoning, a fatal condition where supply of oxygen to blood cells is cut off.

    b. Natural gas is called piped gas.


    Ans : Natural gas is used as cooking gas since it can be directly be supplied to homes through
    pipes. It is also called `piped gas’.

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