Arabic Language / LA9001: Course Pack

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The document covers basic greetings and conversations in Arabic including learning the Arabic alphabet and pronunciation of letters. It also teaches how to introduce yourself and ask for someone's name.

The main topics covered include greetings, basic conversations, the Arabic alphabet, pronunciation of letters, vocabulary words and their romanization, exercises to practice what is learned.

The main steps to greet someone in Arabic are: 1) Say 'Marhaban' or 'Ahlan' to greet them 2) Ask how they are by saying 'Kaifa Hal?' 3) Reply with 'Bi Khoir' if they ask how you are 4) Introduce yourself by saying 'Ismi...' and ask for their name.

‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬

Arabic Language / LA9001


Course Pack

Introduction

Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) is the written and official spoken mean of communication
between over 350 million Arabs making it the fifth most spoken language in the world.
Modern Standard Arabic is also the foundational language upon each Arabic dialect is base.

The Arabic Alphabet


There are 28 letters/consonants in the Arabic Language. Mostly share the same sounds as
English. Vowels come in form of markings written above or below the letters. There are 2
types of vowels in Arabic; short vowels and long vowels. (This will be further explained in
the lesson on vowels).

Reading & Writing


Arabic words are read and written from right to left, it has no silent vowels; all vowels are
vocalized. Every letter represents its own sound unlike English (e.g. “c” sometimes shares
the same sound as “k”). In writing, it has no capital letters as words are written by
connecting the letters cursively.

Grammar
All Arabic words fall on one of these 3 categories: nouns, verbs and articles. Besides proper
nouns, common nouns and pronouns, adjectives and adverbs also fall under this category.
Verbs are defined by 3 tenses; past, present and imperative tense. Articles are also known
as preposition and any word that does not fall in any of the above category.

1 | LA9001 │ ‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا‬ Lesson 1


‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬
‫أ‬
َّ Lesson 1َّ‫ول‬
َّ ‫ال‬
َّ ََّّ‫الدَّرس‬
Conversationَّ\
َّ َّ‫الح َّوار‬ ‫أ‬
ِ 1.1
‫أ أأأ‬ َ ‫أ‬
Listen to the conversation & practice ‫َّوتدرب‬
َّ ‫َّالح َّوار‬
َّ ِ ‫ل‬
َّ ‫عَّإ‬
َِّ ‫ِاست ِم‬
َّ

Introduction Part 1ََّّ\1َّ‫ارف‬


َّ ‫التَّ َّع‬ ‫أ‬

‫َسـم ـ ـي‬
Hello! َ ‫َم‬
!‫رح ًبا‬
َّ Marhaban

َ ً َ َ ‫َس‬
Hi! !‫أهل‬ ‫لم‬
‫أنا‬ Ahlan
I َ ََ ‫َسـم ـ ـي‬
(m & f) I (am) Sameer, and you(f)? ‫ َوأنت؟‬،‫أنا َسـم ـ ـي‬
wa anti? | samīr, | anā
َ ‫َأ َنا َس‬
َّ

I (am) Salma. ‫لم‬ َ ‫َس‬


‫لم‬
salmā | anā

َّ َََّّّ ‫َ ْ أ‬ َّ َّ**************************************************

َّ ‫أن‬
‫ت‬
You (m)
I (am) Ahmad, and you(f)?
َ َ ‫َأ َنا َأ‬
‫ َوأنت؟‬،‫حمد‬ َ ‫َأ‬
‫حمد‬
َّ
wa anti? | ahmad | anā
ََ ً َ
Hello, I (am) Sarah. .‫ أنا َس َارة‬،‫أهل‬ ‫َس َارة‬
sārah | anā | ahlan

َْ َّ َّ**************************************************

َّ ِ ‫أن‬
‫ت‬
َ ‫يف‬َ ‫َك‬
You (f) How are you? ‫الحال؟‬ ‫َس َارة‬
haal? | kaifal
َ َ ََ َ
I am fine, and you? ‫ َوأنت؟‬،‫بخي‬ ‫أ نا‬ ‫أحمد‬
wa anti? | bi khoyr | anā
َ ََ
I am fine. .‫بخي‬ ‫أ نا‬ ‫َس َارة‬
bi khoyr. | anā
َّ

2 | LA9001 │ ‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا‬ Lesson 1


‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬

َْ
Exercise 1 / Complete the greeting ‫لَّالح أوار‬
ِ ‫\ََّّاك ِم‬۱َّ‫دريب‬
َّ َّ‫الت‬
َّ

1) َّMarhban! __________________________

2) َّ____________________________ Ana Maryam

3) Kaifa Hal?

____________________________

____________________________

4) Ahlan! __________________________

َّ

َ
Exercise 2 / Complete the conversation ‫لَّالح أوار‬
ِ ِ ‫\ََّّا‬2َّ‫دريب‬
‫كم‬ َّ َّ‫الت‬
َّ

______ Marhaban
َّ

َّ

َّ
______ َّ

َّ
Ana bi khoyr
َّ

َّ
Ana _____________
َّ

3 | LA9001 │ ‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا‬ Lesson 1


‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬

‫أ‬
The Arabic Alphabetَّ\
َّ َّ‫ج َِّائيَّة‬
َّ ‫اله‬
َِّ ََّّ‫َّالحروف‬1.2
‫أ‬
‫الهج َِّائيَّة‬
َِّ ََّّ‫الحَّ َّروف‬

‫ج‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ب‬ َّ ‫ا‬


‫ر‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫د‬ ‫خ‬ ‫ح‬
‫ض‬ ‫ص‬ ‫ش‬ ‫س‬ ‫ز‬
‫ف‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ظ‬ ‫ط‬
‫ن‬ ‫م‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ق‬

Remember these letters ‫ء‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬ ‫ه‬


by the end of week 2 َّ

َّ

ja tha ta ba a

ra zha/Dha da kha ha

da sa sha sa za

fa gha ‘a dha ta

na ma la ka qa

`a ya wa ha

4 | LA9001 │ ‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا‬ Lesson 1


‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬

Example Pronunciation Guide Name of letter Arabic Letter

Apple ā / aa alif ‫ا‬


Bad B bā’ ‫ب‬
Tiger T tā’ ‫ت‬
Thank Th thā’ ‫ث‬
Jack J jīm ‫ج‬
Emphatic sound of “H” H hā’ ‫ح‬
similar to German “loch” kh khā’ ‫خ‬
Dad D dāl ‫د‬
There zh / dh zhal / dhal ‫ذ‬
Rabbit R rā’ ‫ر‬
Zip Z zāy ‫ز‬
Sun S sīn ‫س‬
Shy Sh shīn ‫ش‬
similar to swarm S ṣād ‫ص‬
similar to dwarf D ḍād ‫ض‬
- T ṭā’ ‫ط‬
- Z / Dh ẓā’ ‫ظ‬
- ‘ ‘ayn ‫ع‬
similar to French “r” gh ghayn ‫غ‬
fall F fā’ ‫ف‬
A heavier sound of “K” Q qāf ‫ق‬
key K kāf ‫ك‬
lamp L lām ‫ل‬
make M mīm ‫م‬
noon N nūn ‫ن‬
happy H hā’ ‫هـ‬
well w, ū wāw ‫و‬
yacht y, ī yā’ ‫ي‬
glottal stop sound ` hamzah ‫ء‬

5 | LA9001 │ ‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا‬ Lesson 1


‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬

✓ Notice that each letter has a basic shape ✓ There are 18 shapes to express 28
throughout, this is the core of the letter. And phonetic sounds with the help of
if the letter has dots, the position and tashkeel (diacritical marks)
number of dots remains the same

ُ
Exercise 3 /Write the following letters ‫وفَّاآلت أية‬
ِ ‫\ََّّاكتبَّالحر‬3َّ‫دريب‬
َّ َّ‫الت‬

 Tip

Say out
the
letter as
you
write it

6 | LA9001 │ ‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا‬ Lesson 1


‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬

‫أ‬ ‫أ‬ َ‫أ أ‬


The Short Vowels َّ\َّ‫ية‬
َّ ‫َّ الحركاتََّّالق ِص‬1.3
The short vowels known has harakaat / tashkeel may be indicated in Arabic scripts by markings written
above or below the letters

There are 3 short vowels in Arabic:

‫َََّّّـ ـ ـ ـ ـ أـــ ـ ـ‬fat ḥa : pronounced like the English a e.g. ‫ = َب‬ba ‫ = َج‬ja

‫ـ ـ ـ ـ َِّــ ـ ـ ـ‬ kas ra : pronounced like the English i e.g. ‫ = ب‬bi ‫ = ِج‬ji

‫ـ ـ ـ ـــَّـ ـ ـ‬ ḍom ma: pronounced like the English u e.g. ‫ = ب‬bu ‫ = ج‬ju

1.3.1 The Short Vowels Reading Practice

‫أْ أ‬
َّ‫ََّّالفتحة‬fat ḥa ‫ ـ ـ ـ ـ أَّـــ ـ ـ ـ‬: is placed above a letter, pronounced as in the English vowel “a”

ja tha ta ba a

__
ra dha da kha ha

__
da sa sha sa za

fa gha ‘a dha ta

na ma la ka qa

`a ya wa ha

7 | LA9001 │ ‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا‬ Lesson 1


‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬

ْ َ ُّ ُ َ َ َْ ُ
Exercise 4 / Write “fatha” above every letter and read. ‫رف َواق َرأ‬
ٍ ‫\ََّّاكتب فتحة فوق كل ح‬4ََّّ‫دريب‬
َّ َّ‫الت‬

َ َ ُ
Exercise 5 / Write the Arabic letters with its” fatha” for the ‫\ََّّاكتب أحرف العربية وتشكيلها لكلمات‬5ََّّ‫دريب‬
َّ َّ‫الت‬
following words ‫اآلتية‬

َّ َّ Jaََََّّّّ _________َّ .3 Syaََََّّّّ _________َّ .2َّ Baَََََّّّّّ__َّ_______َّ .1

َّ Haََََّّّّ_________َّ .6 َّ Dhaََََّّّّ_________ََّّ.5 Saََََّّّّ _________َّ .4َّ

khaََََّّّّ _________َّ .9 Da ََََّّّّ _________َّ .8 taََََّّّّ _________َّ .7

َّ maََََّّّّ_________َّ .12َّ َّ waََََّّّّ_________َّ.11 Thaََََّّّّ _________َّ .10

َّ َّ qaََََّّّّ_________ََّّ.15َّ َّ Suََََّّّّ_________َّ .َّ14َّ َّ kaََََّّّّ_________َّ.13

َّ ghaََََّّّّ_________َّ .18َّ َّ ‘aََََّّّّ ____َّ_____َّ .17َّ َّ yaََََّّّّ_________َّ .16َّ

َّ taََََّّّّ_________َّ .20 dhaََََّّّّ _________َّ .19

8 | LA9001 │ ‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا‬ Lesson 1


‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬

َ
‫الك ْ أ‬
َّ‫ْسة‬ kasra ‫ ـ ـ ـ ـ َِّــ ـ ـ ـ‬: is placed below a letter, pronounced as in the English vowel “i”

__
ji thi ti bi i

__
ri dhi di khi hi

__
di si shi si zi

fi ghi ‘i dhi ti

ni mi li ki qi

`i yi wi hi

ْ َ ُّ ُ َ َ َ ُ
Exercise 6 / Write “kasra” above every letter and read. ‫رف َواق َرأ‬
ٍ ‫رسة فوق كل ح‬ ‫\ََّّاكتب ك‬6ََّّ‫دري‬
َّ َّ‫الت‬

9 | LA9001 │ ‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا‬ Lesson 1


‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬

َ َ ُ
Exercise 7 / Write the Arabic letters with its” kasra” for the ‫ َّ\َّاكتب أحرف العربية وتشكيلها لكلمات‬7ََّّ‫دريب‬
َّ َّ‫الت‬
following words ‫اآلتية‬

َّ َّ Jiََََّّّّ _________َّ .3 Syiََََّّّّ _________َّ .2َّ Biَََََّّّّّ__َّ_______َّ .1

َّ Hiََََّّّّ_________َّ .6 َّ Dhiَّ _________ََّّ.5 Siََََّّّّ _________َّ .4َّ

khiََََّّّّ _________َّ .9 Di ََََّّّّ _________َّ .8 tiََََّّّّ _________َّ .7

َّ miََََّّّّ_______َّ__َّ .12َّ َّ wiََََّّّّ_________َّ.11 Thiََََّّّّ _________َّ .10

َّ َّ qiََََّّّّ_________ََّّ.15َّ َّ Siََََّّّّ_________َّ .َّ14َّ َّ kiََََّّّّ_________َّ.13

َّ ghiََََّّّّ_________َّ .18َّ َّ ‘iَََّّّ _________َّ .17َّ َّ yiََََّّّّ_________َّ .16َّ

tiََََّّّّ _________َّ .20 dhiََََّّّّ _________َّ .19

َّ

10 | LA9001 │ ‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا‬ Lesson 1


‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬

‫ الضمَّة‬dom ma ‫ ـ ـ ـ ـــَّـ ـ ـ‬: is written above a letter, pronounced as in the English vowel “u”

__
ju thu tu bu u

__
ru zhu/ dhu du khu hu

__
du su shu su zu

fu ghu ‘u dhu tu

nu mu lu ku qu
This vowel is shape
like a small version
of ‫و‬ `u yu wu hu

ْ َ ُّ ُ َ َّ َ ُ
Exercise 8 / Write “ dommah ” above every letter and
read.
‫رف َواق َرأ‬
ٍ ‫ َّ\َّاكتب ضمة فوق كل ح‬8ََّّ‫دري‬
َّ َّ‫الت‬

11 | LA9001 │ ‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا‬ Lesson 1


‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬

َ َ ُ
Exercise 9 / Write the Arabic letters with its” dommah ” for ‫ َّ\َّاكتب أحرف العربية وتشكيلها لكلمات‬9َّ‫دريب‬
َّ َّ‫الت‬
the following words ‫اآلتية‬

َّ َّ Juََََّّّّ _________َّ .3 Syuََََّّّّ _________َّ .2َّ Bَّuََّّ__َّ_______َّ .1

َّ Huََََّّّّ_________َّ .6 َّ Dhuَّ _________ََّّ.5 Suََََّّّّ _________َّ .4َّ

khuََََّّّّ _________َّ .9 Du ََََّّّّ _________َّ .8 tuََََّّّّ _________َّ .7

َّ muََََّّّّ_________َّ .12َّ َّ wuََََّّّّ_________َّ.11 Thuََََّّّّ _________َّ .10

َّ َّ quََََّّّّ_________ََّّ.15َّ َّ Suََََّّّّ_________َّ .َّ14َّ kuََََّّّّ_________َّ .13

َّ ghuََََّّّّ_________َّ .18َّ َّ ‘uَََّّّ _________َّ .17َّ َّ yuََََّّّّ_________َّ .16َّ

tuََََّّّّ _________َّ .20 dhuََََّّّّ _________َّ .19

12 | LA9001 │ ‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا‬ Lesson 1


‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬

Exercise 10 / Reading ‫\ََّّالق َر َاءة‬10َّ‫دريب‬


َّ َّ‫الت‬

sa | ri | du ba | da | a ja | ra |kha

ra | ja | sha ra | za | ja ba | ri | du

la | i | su rah | zhu sa | ri | hu

la | i | su rah | dhu naa | a

na | mu | ya ya | wi | ghu qa | ri | ṭu

(
lu | ki | ha ra | ta | fa za | ja | ‘a

na | mu | ya ya | wi | ghu qa | ri | ṭu

sa | bi | la ma | ru | ka la | Su | wa

13 | LA9001 │ ‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا‬ Lesson 1


‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬

‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫‪Exercise 11 / Rewrite the following letters with its‬‬
‫‪tashkeel in the suitable columns‬‬
‫دريبَّ‪َّ\َّ 11‬اكتب الحروف اآلت َية حسب تشكيله‬
‫التَّ َّ‬

‫أ‬ ‫َ‬
‫الك ْ أ‬ ‫أْ أ‬
‫الضمةَّ ـ ـ ـ ـــَّ ـ ـ ـ ـ‬ ‫ْسةَّ ـ ـ ـ ـ َِّــ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ‬ ‫الفتحةَّ ـ ـ ـ ـ أــ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ‬

‫َّ‬

‫َّ‬

‫َّ‬

‫َّ‬
‫َمن َج َّد َو َجدَ‬ ‫َّ‬
‫‪He who works hard achieves‬‬ ‫َّ‬

‫َّ‬

‫َّ‬

‫َّ‬

‫َّ‬

‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا | ‪14 |LA9001‬‬ ‫‪lesson 1‬‬


‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬

Conversation َّ\َّ‫لح أوار‬


ِ ‫ ا‬1.4
‫أ أأأ‬ َ ‫أ‬
Listen to the conversation & practice ‫َّوتدرب‬
َّ ‫الح َّوار‬
َّ ِ َّ‫ل‬
َّ ‫عَّإ‬
َِّ ‫ِاست ِم‬

َّ Introduction Part 2ََّّ\َّ2َّ‫التعارف‬


‫أ‬

‫أ‬
Good morning! !َّ‫الخي‬ ََّّ‫أص أَّباح‬ ‫َسـمـي‬
khoyr! | sobaaḥul

ُّ
Good morning! !‫أص أَّباحََّّ ََّّ النور‬ ‫فاطمة‬
nuur! | sobaahun
َ َ ‫َك‬
How are you? ‫يف الحال؟‬ ‫َسـمـي‬
haal? | kaifal

َ َْ َ ََ
I am fine, and you? ‫َوأنت؟‬ ،‫بخي‬ ‫أ نا‬ ‫فاطمة‬
wa anta? | bi khoyr,| anā

َ ََ
I am fine. .‫بخي‬ ‫أ نا‬ ‫َسـمـي‬
bi khoyr | anā

ْ ‫أما‬
What is your name? ‫ك؟‬
َّ ِ ‫اســم‬ ‫َسـمـي‬
muki?|mas

‫أ ْ أ‬ ‫أ‬ َ
َّ ْ ‫ِا‬
My name (is) Fatimah,
what is your name? ‫اســمك؟‬َّ‫ََّّمَّا‬،‫اط أمة‬
ِ ‫ـمَّف‬
َّ ِ ِ ‫سـ‬ ‫فاط َمة‬
muka?|mas| fātimah | ismī

‫َّا ْســم أ‬
My name (is) Sameer. َّ .َّ‫ـي‬
َّ ‫ـمـ ـ‬
َِّ ‫َّس‬ ِِ ِ ‫َسـمـي‬
samīr | ismī

َّ َّ My name (is) Ismee َّ‫ـم‬


ِ ِ ‫ِاسـ‬
‫أ‬
َّ ََََّّّّ Your name(m) َّIsmukaَّ َّ‫ََِّّاســمك‬

Your name (f)َّ Ismuki َّ‫ك‬


َّ ِ ‫َِّاســم‬

15 |LA9001 | ‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا‬ lesson 1


‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬

َْ
Exercise 12 / Complete the conversation ‫لَّالح أوار‬
ِ ‫ َّ\َّاك ِم‬12َّ‫دريب‬
َّ َّ‫الت‬

1) َّSobaahul Khoir __________________________

2) َّMas muki? __________________________

3) Mas muka? __________________________

4) __________________________ Ana bi khoir.

5) َّMarhaban __________________________

‫تكونَّح أوارا‬ ‫ْأ أأ‬


Exercise 13 / Fill the blanks to form a conversation ِ ِ ‫ َّ\َّ ِامَلَّالفر‬13َّ‫دريب‬
‫اغَّل‬ َّ َّ‫الت‬
َّ
Sobahul _________
_________ Nuur

َّ

َّ
Mas _________? َّ

َّ
Ismee _________,
َّ
___________?
َّ
_________ Ali
َّ

َّ

16 |LA9001 | ‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا‬ lesson 1


‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬

‫َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ‬
‫ول الكل َمة ال ِت‬‫دريبَّ‪ََّّ\َّ20‬استمع وضع دائرة ح‬ ‫التَّ َّ‬
‫‪Exercise 20 / Listen and circle the word that you hear‬‬
‫سمع َها‬‫َت َ‬
‫َّ‬

‫َ َ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫دقن‬ ‫خ َل َم‬ ‫‪َ )1‬ح ك َم‬
‫َ‬
‫ص ب َم‬ ‫سنع‬ ‫‪ )2‬ث م َر‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ َ َ‬ ‫َ َ‬
‫َي َل ت‬ ‫أفظ‬ ‫‪ )3‬ع َج ز‬

‫َح ر َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬


‫س‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫تدك‬ ‫‪ )4‬ض ب ق‬
‫َ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫طأن‬ ‫ظغل‬ ‫‪ِ )5‬ز َر ف‬

‫َّ‬

‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا | ‪17 |LA9001‬‬ ‫‪lesson 1‬‬


‫الدرس األول‬ ‫العربية للمبتدئي‬

َّ New Wordsَّ\َّ‫الك ِلماتَّالج ِديدة‬


‫أ‬ ‫َ أ‬
‫أ أ‬
َّ ‫أمعناها‬ Romanization ‫َ أ‬
َّ ‫الك ِلمات‬
Hello Marhaban ‫رح ًبا‬ َ ‫َم‬
ً َ
Hello Ahlan ‫أ َهل‬
َ
I Anaa ‫َ أ نا‬
َ ْ
You (m) An ta ‫َأنت‬
ْ
You (f) An ti ‫أن ت‬
And Wa ‫َو‬
How Kaifa ‫يف‬ َ ‫َك‬
Are you (condition) H aal ‫الحال‬ َ
َ
Good Bi khoir ‫َبخي‬
Ahmad Ahmad ‫حمد‬ َ ‫أ‬
Sameer Sameer ‫َسـم ـ ــي‬
Salma salmaa ‫لم‬ َ ‫َس‬
Sarah Saa rah ‫َس َارة‬
My name (is) Ismee ‫ـم‬ ‫اسـ‬
َِ
Your name(m) Ismuka ‫اســمك‬
Your name (f) Ismuki ‫اســمك‬
ُّ َ
Good morning sobaaḥul khoyr /sobaaḥun nuur !‫َص َباح الخي \ َص َباح النور‬
What ma ‫َما‬

َّ َّ

َّ ََََّّّّ َّ

َّ  Tip

Have you learnt


‫ًقهفث‬
any other words
this week?
Write it here!

18 |LA9001 | ‫جامعة ننيانج تكنولوجيا‬ lesson 1

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