Mystery and Tension Essay in Jekyll and Hyde

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AQA GCSE English Literature June 2018 Paper 2 Q07

AQA GCSE English Literature June 2018 Paper 2 Q07

Stevenson creates mystery and tension as he relates the novella’s events to the precept that
‘man is not truly one but truly two’ – duplicity.

Stevenson creates mystery by employing pathetic fallacy with the ‘first fog’ as a way of
obscuring repressed emotions, however, foreshadowing the coming of truth just as ‘the fog
would be quite broken up’. Stevenson indicates the superficial occurrences to his readership
through the alliteration of the ‘first fog’, implying even the simplest details should be
received attentively. The ‘fog’ is symbolic of a concealed truth given the foreshadowing of it
being ‘broken’, this appeases the contemporary, 18th century audience’s lust for surprise.
Repressed homosexuality could be reflective of the fog, as it reasons an alternative nature
to Dr Jekyll. The Doctor’s ‘undignified’ liking for the ‘elderly man’ could signify the exposure
and coming out, since only subtle details are given just as the ‘fog’ was only partially ‘broken
up’. The adjective ‘undignified’ evokes the reader’s alarm given the connotations of scandal
and reputability, elements of society which could have been easily put against the then
repressed orientation of homosexuality.

Victorian standards of class and reputability are exercised by Stevenson to create mystery
and tension. Stevenson contrasts Mr Hyde’s lodging, based by ‘a dingy street’, with Dr
Jekyll’s, which is described with a ‘great air of wealth’. The juxtaposing of the environments
through the adjective ‘dingy’, carrying connotations of impurity, with the noun ‘wealth’,
highlighting Jekyll’s significance in society, instantly evokes the reader’s curiosity as they
may wonder why Dr Jekyll, a man of ‘every mark of capacity and kindness’, would want to
associate with Hyde, a figure of low social standing. Stevenson raises such thoughts to
create a sense of scandal, empowered by the hidden duplicity. Stevenson employs a cryptic
tone to obscure the reader’s foresight, emphasising the high social stake of reputability; the
tone is created by using the noun ‘air’ and abstract nouns such as ‘great’, ‘capacity’ and
‘kindness’ to almost create a surreal experience for his readers. Victorian social emphasis on
class is paramount to maintaining an obscure reality of duplicity.

Stevenson creates tension through the irony of the construct of Mr Hyde as he describes
him as ‘Henry Jekyll’s favourite’. The adjective ‘favourite’ is highly ironic as Stevenson
maintains the separate identities to appeal to his readership’s fascination with gothic fiction
where alter-egos featured as dramatic devices. However, the adjective is ironic since it
negates the harm to be done, similarly ‘the home’ foreshadows the grave upcoming harm.
This is evident when Stevenson uses the simile ‘like some disconsolate prisoner’ to describe
the Doctor: the irony is in the fact that the Doctor has been imprisoned by his alter-ego,
Hyde, in his own home. The simile implies the sheer pain of the Doctor as a ‘prisoner’.
Stevenson further builds the tension as the Doctor swears ‘I will never see him again’. The
reader is put in a state of tension and pity is evoked for Jekyll as they witness his worsening
condition.

Overall, Stevenson builds mystery and fear as outcomes of the novella’s central theme of
duplicity.

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