Designation: F468 − 16

Standard Specification for

Nonferrous Bolts, Hex Cap Screws, Socket Head Cap
Screws, and Studs for General Use1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F468; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.

1. Scope* Chromium, Low-Carbon Nickel-Molybdenum-

1.1 This specification covers the requirements for commer- Chromium-Tantalum, Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium-
cial wrought nonferrous bolts, hex cap screws, and studs 0.250 Molybdenum-Copper, and Low-Carbon Nickel-
to 1.500 in. and socket head cap screws (including socket head Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy Rod
cap, button head and flat countersunk head configurations) with D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
nominal thread 0.06 (size 0) through 1.500 in. inclusive in E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
diameter manufactured from a number of alloys in common terials
use and intended for general service applications. E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
terials
1.2 Applicable nuts for use with bolts, cap screws, and studs E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
covered by this specification are covered by Specification Determine Conformance with Specifications
F467. E34 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Aluminum and
1.2.1 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be Aluminum-Base Alloys
regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are E38 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel-Chromium
included in this standard. and Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys (Withdrawn 1989)3
NOTE 1—A complete metric companion to Specification F468 has been E53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in Unalloyed
developed—F468M; therefore no metric equivalents are presented in this Copper by Gravimetry
specification. E54 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Special Brasses
and Bronzes (Withdrawn 2002)3
2. Referenced Documents
E55 Practice for Sampling Wrought Nonferrous Metals and
2.1 ASTM Standards:2 Alloys for Determination of Chemical Composition
B154 Test Method for Mercurous Nitrate Test for Copper E62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and
Alloys Copper Alloys (Photometric Methods) (Withdrawn 2010)3
B193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor E75 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper-Nickel
Materials and Copper-Nickel-Zinc Alloys (Withdrawn 2010)3
B211 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy E76 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel-Copper
Rolled or Cold Finished Bar, Rod, and Wire Alloys (Withdrawn 2003)3
B565 Test Method for Shear Testing of Aluminum and E92 Test Methods for Vickers Hardness and Knoop Hard-
Aluminum-Alloy Rivets and Cold-Heading Wire and ness of Metallic Materials
Rods E101 Test Method for Spectrographic Analysis of Aluminum
B574 Specification for Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium- and Aluminum Alloys by the Point-to-Plane Technique
Molybdenum, Low-Carbon Nickel-Molybdenum- (Withdrawn 1996)3
E120 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Titanium and
1
Titanium Alloys (Withdrawn 2003)3
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on
Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.04 on Nonferrous
E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for
Fasteners. General Industry
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2016. Published October 2016. Originally E227 Test Method for Optical Emission Spectrometric
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as F468–15ɛ1. DOI: Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by the
10.1520/F0468-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1
 F468 − 16
Point-to-Plane Technique (Withdrawn 2002)3 4. Materials and Manufacture
E354 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of High- 4.1 Materials:
Temperature, Electrical, Magnetic, and Other Similar Iron, 4.1.1 The bolts, cap screws, socket head cap screws and
Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys studs shall be manufactured from material having a chemical
E478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper Alloys composition conforming to the requirements in Table 1, except
E1409 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen and Nitro- as provided in Supplementary Requirement S5, and capable of
gen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion developing the required mechanical properties for the specified
F467 Specification for Nonferrous Nuts for General Use alloy in the finished fastener. See Specification B574 for nickel
F606/F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical alloys.
Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded
4.1.2 The starting condition of the raw material shall be at
Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
the discretion of the fastener manufacturer except as provided
F788 Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Bolts,
in Supplementary Requirement S5, but shall be such that the
Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series
finished products conform to all of the specified requirements.
F1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-
chanical Properties and Performance Inspection 4.2 Manufacture:
2.2 ASME Standards:4 4.2.1 Forming—Unless otherwise specified, the fasteners
ASME B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR shall be cold formed, hot formed, or machined from suitable
Thread Form) material, at the option of the manufacturer.
ASME B1.3 Screw Thread Gaging System for Dimensional 4.2.2 Condition—Except as provided in 4.2.3 and Supple-
Acceptability – Inch Screw Threads (IN, UNR, and UNJ) mentary Requirement S5, the fasteners shall be furnished in the
ASME B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws, Including following conditions:
Hex Cap Screws Alloy Condition
ASME B18.3 Socket Head Cap, Shoulder, and Set Screws –
Copper (all alloys) As formed or stress relieved at manufacturer’s
Inch Series option
ASME H35.1 Alloy and Temper Designation Systems for Nickel alloys:
Aluminum 400 and 405 As formed or stress relieved at manufacturer’s
option
2.3 Federal Specifications:5 500 Solution annealed and aged
QQ-N-286 Nickel-Copper-Aluminum Alloy, Wrought (UNS 625 Annealed
N05500) Aluminum alloys:
2024-T4 Solution treated and naturally aged
6061-T6 Solution treated and artificially
3. Ordering Information aged
7075-T73 Solution treated and stabilized
3.1 Orders for fasteners under this specification shall in- Titanium As formed
clude the following information:
4.2.3 Stress Relieving—When required, stress relieving shall
3.1.1 Quantity (number of pieces of each item and size),
be specified by the purchaser for nickel alloys 400 and 405 and
3.1.2 Name of item. For silicon bronze alloy 651, state if
all copper alloys.
hex cap screw dimensions or roll thread body diameter are
required (see 7.1.2); 4.2.4 Threads—Unless otherwise specified, the threads shall
3.1.3 Size (nominal diameter, threads per inch, thread pitch, be rolled or cut at the option of the manufacturer.
thread class, and length); 4.2.4.1 Bolts, cap screws and studs shall be rolled or cut at
3.1.4 Alloy number (Table 1). For Ti5, state Class A or Class the option of the manufacturer.
B (Table 1, 6.5, and 6.5.1); 4.2.4.2 Socket head cap screws and flat countersunk head
3.1.5 Stress relieving, if required (see 4.2.3); cap screws in sizes up to 1.00 in. inclusive and product lengths
3.1.6 Source inspection, if required (see Section 13); up to 6.00 in. inclusive shall have threads formed by rolling,
3.1.7 Certificate of compliance, conformance, or test except by special arrangement with the purchaser. Larger
reports, if required (see Section 15); products may be rolled or cut at the option of the manufacturer.
3.1.8 Additional requirements, if any, to be specified on the 4.2.4.3 Button head cap screws shall have threads formed
purchase order (see 4.2.1, 4.2.4, 7.3.1, 8.2, 10.1, and 11.1); by rolling.
3.1.9 Supplementary Requirements, if any; and
3.1.10 ASTM designation and date of issue. 5. Chemical Composition
NOTE 2—Example 5.1 Chemical Composition—The fasteners shall conform to
10 000 pieces, Hex Cap Screw, 0.250 in.-20 × 3.00 in., Alloy 270. the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in
Furnish Certificate of Compliance, Supplementary Requirement S1, Table 1 for the specified alloy, except as provided in Supple-
ASTM F 468-XX. mentary Requirement S5 when specified by the purchaser.
5.2 Product Analysis:
4
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME 5.2.1 Product analyses may be made by the purchaser from
International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
finished products representing each lot. The chemical compo-
www.asme.org.
5
DLA Document Services Building 4/D 700 Robbins Avenue Philadelphia, PA sition thus determined shall conform to the requirements in
19111-5094 http://quicksearch.dla.mil/ Table 1.

2
 TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
UNS Copper and Copper-Base Alloys
Designa-
tion Copper, Iron, Manganese, Nickel, Zinc, Lead, Arsenic,
Alloy General Name Aluminum Phosphorus Silicon Tin
Number min max max max maxA max max
C11000 110 ETP copper ... 99.9 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
C26000 260 brass ... 68.5–71.5 0.05 ... ... ... ... balance 0.07 ... ...
C27000 270 brass ... 63.0–68.5 0.07 ... ... ... ... balance 0.10 ... ...
C46200 462 naval brass ... 62.0–65.0 0.10 ... ... ... ... balance 0.20 0.5–1.0 ...
C46400 464 naval brass ... 59.0–62.0 0.10 ... ... ... ... balance 0.20 0.5–1.0 ...
C51000 510 phosphor bronze ... balanceA 0.10 ... ... 0.03–0.35 ... 0.30 0.05 4.2–5.8 ...
B
C61300 613 aluminum bronze 6.0–7.5 2.0–3.0 0.10 0.15C 0.015 0.10 0.05 0.01 0.20–0.50 ...
C61400 614 aluminum bronze 6.0–8.0 88.0D 1.5–3.5 1.0 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

3
C63000 630 aluminum bronze 9.0–11.0 78.0D 2.0–4.0 1.5 4.0–5.5 ... 0.25 max ... ... 0.20 max ...
C64200 642 aluminum silicon bronze 6.3–7.6 88.65D 0.30 0.10 0.25 ... 1.5–2.2E 0.50 0.05 0.20 max 0.15
C65100 651 silicon bronze ... 96.0D 0.8 0.7 ... ... 0.8–2.0 1.5 0.05 ... ...
C65500 655 silicon bronze ... 94.8D 0.8 1.5 0.6 ... 2.8–3.8 1.5 0.05 ... ...
C66100 661 silicon bronze 0.25 max 94.0D 0.25 1.5 ... ... 2.8–3.5 1.5 0.20–0.8 ... ...
F468 − 16

C67500 675 manganese bronze ... 57.0–60.0 0.8–2.0 0.05–0.5 ... ... ... balance 0.20 0.5–1.5 ...
C71000 710 cupro-nickel ... 74.0D 0.60 1.00 19.0–23.0C ... ... 1.00 0.05 ... ...
C71500 715 cupro-nickel ... 65.0D 0.40–0.7 1.00 29.0–33.0C ... ... 1.00 0.05 ... ...

A
Elements shown as balance shall be arithmetically computed by deducting the sum of the other named elements from 100.
B
Copper plus specified elements = 99.8 min; copper plus silver = 88.5–91.5.
C
Cobalt is to be counted as nickel.
D
Minimum content of copper plus all other elements with specified limits shall be 99.5 %.
E
An alloy containing as high as 2.6 % silicon is acceptable provided the sum of all the elements other than copper, silicon, and iron does not exceed 0.30 %.
 TABLE 1 Continued
Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloys
UNS Alu- Manga- Phosph-
Carbon, Chrom- Iron, Silicon, Titan- Cobalt, Moly- Sulfur, Vana- Tung-
Designation Alloy General Name mi- CopperA nese, NickelA orus, Niobium
max ium max max ium max bdenum max dium sten
Number num max max
N10001 335 Ni-Mo ... 0.05 1.0 max . . . 4.0– 1.0 balance 0.025 1.00 ... 2.50 26.0– 0.030 0.2– ... ...
6.0 30.0 0.4

N10276 276 Ni-Mo-Cr ... 0.02 14.5– ... 4.0– 1.00 balance 0.040 0.08 ... 2.50 15.0– 0.030 0.35 max 3.0– ...
16.5 7.0 17.0 4.5

B
N04400 400 Ni-Cu Class A ... 0.3 ... balance 2.5 2.0 63.0– ... 0.5 ... ... 0.024 ... ... ...
70.0

B
N04405 405 Ni-Cu Class B ... 0.3 ... balance 2.5 2.0 63.0– ... 0.5 ... ... 0.025– ... ... ...
70.0 0.060

4
N05500 500 Ni-Cu-Al 2.30– 0.25 ... balance 2.0 1.5 63.0– ... 0.5 0.35– ... 0.01 ... ... ...
3.15 70.0 0.85

N06059 59 Ni-Cr-Mo 0.1– 0.010 22.0– 0.5 max 1.5 0.5 balance 0.015 0.10 .. 0.3 15.0– 0.010 ... ... ...
0.4 max 24.0 max max max max max 16.5 max
F468 − 16

N06625 625C Ni-Cr-Mo-Cb 0.40 0.10† 20.0– ... 5.0 0.50 58.0 0.015 0.50 0.40 1.00 8.0– 0.015 ... ... 3.2–
max 23.0 max min max max max 10.0 4.2

N06686 686 Ni-Cr-Mo-W ... 0.010 19.0– ... 5.0 0.75 balance 0.04 0.08 0.02– 15.0– 0.02 ... 3.0– ...
max 23.0 max max max max 0.25 17.0 max 4.4

A
Elements shown as balance shall be arithmetically computed by deducting the sum of the other named elements from 100.
B
Cobalt is to be counted as nickel.
C
Alloy 625 material shall be refined using the electroslag remelting process (ESR), or the vacuum arc remelting process (VAR).
 TABLE 1 Continued
Composition, %
Aluminum-Base AlloysA
UNS Desig- Manga- Titan- Other Elements, max
General Alumi- Chrom- Silicon, Zinc, Magne-
nation Alloy Copper Iron, max nese, ium,
Name numB ium max max sium Each Total
Number max max
C
A92024 2024 Aluminum balance 0.10 max 3.8–4.9 0.50 0.30–0.9 0.50 0.15 0.25 1.2–1.8 0.05 0.15
2024
A96061 6061 Aluminum balance 0.04–0.35 0.15–0.40 0.7 0.15 0.40–0.8 0.15 0.25 0.8–1.2 0.05 0.15
6061

5
D
A97075 7075 Aluminum balance 0.18–0.35 1.2–2.0 0.50 0.30 0.40 0.20 5.1–6.1 2.1–2.9 0.05 0.15
7075
F468 − 16

A
Analysis shall regularly be made only for the elements specified in this table. If, however, the presence of other elements
is suspected or indicated in amounts greater than the specified limits, further analysis shall be made to determine that these elements are not present in excess of the specified limits.
B
Elements shown as balance shall be arithmetically computed by deducting the sum of the other named elements from 100.
C
Titanium + zirconium 0.20 %, max.
D
Titanium + zirconium 0.25 %, max.
 TABLE 1 Continued
Titanium and Titanium-Base AlloysA
UNS Des- Alumin Carb- Titan- Hydro Nitro- Oxy- Palla- Vana- Chrom- Moly- Zirco- Ruth- ResidualsB
General Iron, Tin, Silicon,
ignation Alloy um, on, ium, gen, gen, gen, dium, dium, ium, bdenum, nium, enium, each, total,
Name Fe Sn Si
Number Al C Ti H N O Pd V Cr Mo Zr Ru max max
R50250 1 Titanium Gr 1 ... 0.10 0.20 balance 0.0125 0.05 0.18 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.1 0.4
R50400 2 Titanium Gr 2 ... 0.10 0.30 balance 0.0125 0.05 0.25 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.1 0.4
R50700 4 Titanium Gr 4 ... 0.10 0.50 balance 0.0125 0.07 0.40 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.1 0.4
R56400 5C Titanium Gr 5C 5.5– 0.10 0.40 balance 0.0125 0.05 0.20 ... 3.5– ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.1 0.4
6.75 4.5
R56401 23 Titanium Ti-6Al-4V 5.5– 0.08 0.25 balance 0.0125 0.05 0.13 3.5– ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.1 0.4
ELI 6.5 4.5
R52400 7 Titanium Gr 7 0.10 0.30 balance 0.0125 0.05 0.25 0.12– ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.1 0.4

6
0.25
D
R58640 19 Titanium Ti-38-6-44 3.0– 0.05 0.30 balance 0.0200 0.03 0.12 0.10D 7.5– 5.5– 3.5– 3.5– 0.10 0.15 0.4
4.0 8.5 6.5 4.5 4.5
R55111 32 Titanium Ti-5-1-1-1 4.5– 0.08 0.25 balance 0.0125 0.03 0.11 ... 0.6– ... 0.6– 0.6– 0.6– 0.06– ... 0.1 0.4
F468 − 16

5.5 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.4 0.14

A
All reported values are maximums, unless a range is specified.
B
A residual is an element present in a metal or an alloy in small quantities inherent to the manufacturing process but not added intentionally. Residual elements need not be reported unless a report is specifically required
by the purchaser.
C
Identical chemical requirements apply to both Class A and B as defined in Table 2 and 6.5.
D
Ruthenium and palladium, or both, may be added to Grade 19 for enhanced corrosion resistance as negotiated between purchaser and vendor. Chemical analysis is not required unless specifically required by the
purchaser.
 F468 − 16
5.2.2 In the event of disagreement, a referee chemical screws threaded essentially to the head, the wedge angle shall
analysis of samples from each lot shall be made in accordance be 4° for bolts and cap screws of 0.750 in. nominal diameter
with 10.1 and 11.1. and less and 2° for bolts and cap screws over 0.750 in. in
diameter.
6. Mechanical Properties 6.5.2 Flat countersunk head cap screws and button head cap
6.1 The fasteners shall be tested in accordance with the screws shall be axially tensile tested.
mechanical testing requirements for the applicable type, length 6.6 Where both tension and hardness tests are performed,
of product, and minimum tensile strength and shall meet the the tension test results shall take precedence for acceptance
mechanical properties in Table 2 and Table 3 for the specified purposes.
alloy except for button and flat countersunk head cap screws,
which shall meet 80% of the listed tensile values. This 7. Dimensions
requirement applies to full size testing only. 7.1 Bolt, Hex, and Socket Head Cap Screws:
6.2 Fasteners having a length equal to or longer than the 7.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, the dimensions of hex cap
“minimum length of product requiring tension testing” as screws (finished hex bolts), excluding silicon bronze alloy 651,
specified in Test Methods F606/F606M and a breaking load of shall be in accordance with the requirements of ASME
120 000 lbf or less shall be tested full size and shall meet the B18.2.1.
full-size tensile (minimum and maximum) and yield strength 7.1.2 Unless otherwise specified, the dimensions of silicon
properties in Table 2 for the specified alloy. bronze alloy 651 hex cap screws [finished hex bolt] shall be in
accordance with the requirements of ASME B18.2.1; or, the
6.3 Fasteners having a length equal to or longer than the bolts and cap screws shall have a roll thread body diameter
“minimum length of product requiring tension testing” as (that is, body with minimum diameter equal to the pitch
specified in Test Methods F606/F606M and a breaking load diameter), with all other dimensions in accordance with ASME
exceeding 120 000 lbf shall preferably be tested full size and B18.2.1, as specified by the purchaser.
shall meet the full-size tensile (minimum and maximum) and 7.1.3 When specified, the dimensions of bolts shall be in
yield strength properties in Table 2. When equipment of accordance with the requirements of ASME B18.2.1, or such
sufficient capacity for such tests is not available, or if excessive other dimensions as specified.
length of the bolts or stud makes full-size testing impractical, 7.1.4 Unless otherwise specified, socket head cap screws
standard round specimens shall be used which shall meet the shall conform to the requirements of ASME B18.3.
“machined specimen tests” tensile properties in Table 2. In the
event of a discrepancy between full-size and machined speci- 7.2 Studs—The dimensions of studs shall be as specified by
men tension tests, full-size tests shall be used as the referee the purchaser. Studs shall be of the continuous thread, double-
method to determine acceptance. end clamping (also known as stud bolt and bolt stud), or
double-end interference (also known as tap-end stud) types as
6.4 For all alloys except aluminum and titanium, fasteners specified by the purchaser.
that are too short (lengths less than that specified in Test
7.3 Threads:
Methods F606/F606M as the “minimum length of product
7.3.1 Unless otherwise specified, the bolts, cap screws, and
requiring tension testing”), that have insufficient threads for
studs shall have Class 2A threads in accordance with ASME
tension testing (see 10.2), or that have drilled or undersized
B1.1. Acceptability of screw threads shall be in accordance
heads weaker than the thread section, are not subject to tension
with ASME B1.3, gaging system 21.
tests but shall conform to the minimum and maximum hardness
7.3.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, socket head cap screws
in Table 2. Hardness tests are not applicable to aluminum and
threads shall be Unified external threads with radius root: Class
titanium alloys. When required for aluminum alloys, a shear
3A UNRC and UNRF series for screw sizes 0 (0.060 in.) to
test shall be performed in accordance with 10.2.2 and 11.2.2.
1.000 in.; Class 2A UNRC and UNRF Series for sizes over
Test results shall conform to the following minimum shear
1.000 to 1.5000 in. inclusive in accordance with ASME B1.1.
strength requirements: 37 ksi for 2024-T4; 25 ksi for 6061-T6;
Acceptability of screw threads shall be in accordance ASME
and 41 ksi for 7075-T73.
B1.3, gaging system 21.
6.5 Full-size bolts and cap screws subject to tension tests 7.3.2 For silicon bronze alloy 651, the thread length for
shall be tested using a wedge under the head. Wedge angles bolts ordered with roll thread body diameter shall conform to
shall be as follows, except for Ti5 Class B which shall use the following:
wedge angles as defined in 6.5.1. The wedge shall be 10° for Bolt Length, in. Thread Length
bolts and cap screws of 0.750-in. nominal diameter and less,
and 6° for bolts and cap screws over 0.750 in. in diameter. For 2.00 and less within 2 threads of the head
Over 2.00 to 6.00, incl 2.00 in. min + 2 threads
bolts and cap screws threaded essentially to the head, the Over 6.00 3.00 in. min + 2 threads
wedge angle shall be 6° for sizes 0.750 in. in nominal diameter
and less and 4° for sizes over 0.750 in. in diameter. 8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
6.5.1 Ti5 Class B wedge angles shall be 6° for bolts and cap 8.1 Workmanship—The fasteners shall have a workmanlike
screws of 0.750 in. nominal diameter and less and 4° for bolts finish free of injurious burrs, seams, laps, irregular surfaces,
and cap screws over 0.750 in. in diameter. For bolts and cap and other imperfections affecting serviceability.

7
 F468 − 16
TABLE 2 Mechanical Property Requirements
Full-Size TestsB Machined Specimen Tests
Mechanical Nominal
Alloy Property Thread HardnessA Tensile Yield Tensile Yield Elongation in
Marking Diameter, in. Strength, ksi Strength, Strength, Strength 4D, min, %D
min, ksiC min, ksi min, ksiC
Copper
Cu 110 F 468A all 65–90 HRB 30–50 10 30 10 15
Cu 260 F 468AB all 55–80 HRB 60–90 50 55 50 35
Cu 270 F 468B all 55–80 HRB 60–90 50 55 50 35
Cu 462 F 468C all 65–90 HRB 50–80 25 50 25 20
Cu 464 F 468D all 55–75 HRB 50–80 15 50 15 25
Cu 510 F 468E all 60–95 HRB 60–90 35 55 30 15
Cu 613 F 468F 0.250–0.500 70–95 HRB 80–110 50 80 50 30
0.625–1.500 70–95 HRB 75–105 45 75 45 30
Cu 614 F 468G all 70–95 HRB 75–110 35 75 35 30
Cu 630 F 468H all 85–100 HRB 100–130 50 100 50 5
Cu 642 F 468J all 75–95 HRB 75–110 35 75 35 10
Cu 651 F 468K 0.250 to 0.750 75–95 HRB 70–100 55 70 53 8
0.875–1.500 70–95 HRB 55–90 40 54 38 8
Cu 655 F 468L all 60–80 HRB 50–80 20 50 15 20
Cu 661 F468M all 75–95 HRB 70–100 35 70 35 15
Cu 675 F 468N all 60–90 HRB 55–85 25 55 25 20
Cu 710 F 468P all 50–85 HRB 45–75 15 45 15 40
Cu 715 F 468R all 60–95 HRB 55–85 20 55 20 45
Nickel
Ni 59 Grade 1 F468FN all 21–45 HRC 120–165 85 120 85 20
Ni 59 Grade 2 F468GN all 23–47 HRC 135–185 125 135 125 20
Ni 59 Grade 3 F468HN all 25–49 HRC 160–200 150 160 150 20
Ni 59 Grade 4 F468JN all 80 HRB-25 HRC 100–145 45 100 45 25
Ni 335 F 468S all 20–32 HRC 115–145 45 115 45 35
Ni 276 F 468T all 20–32 HRC 110–140 45 110 45 25
Ni 400 F 468U 0.250 to 0.750 75 HRB–25 HRC 80–130 40 80 40 20
0.875 to 1.500 60 HRB–25 HRC 70–130 30 70 30 20
Ni 400 F 468U4 0.875 to 1.500 75 HRB–25 HRC 80–130 40 80 40 20
Ni 400 HFE F 468HF all 60–95 HRB 70–120 30 70 30 20
Ni 405 F 468V all 60 HRB–20 HRC 70–125 30 70 30 20
Ni 500 F 468W 0.250 to 0.875 24–37 HRC 130–180 90 130 90 20
1.000 to 1.500 24–37 HRC 130–180 85 130 85 20
Ni 625 F 468AC all 85 HRB–35 HRC 120 60 120 60 30
Ni 686 Grade 1 F468BN all 21–45 HRC 120–165 85 120 85 20
Ni 686 Grade 2 F468CN all 23–47 HRC 135–185 125 135 125 20
Ni 686 Grade 3 F468DN all 25–49 HRC 160–200 150 160 150 20
Ni 686 Grade 4 F468EN all 65 HRB–25 HRC 100–145 45 100 45 25
Aluminum
Al 2024–T4F F 468X all 70–85 HRB 55–70 36 62 40 10
Al 6061–T6F F 468Y all 40–50 HRB 37–52 31 42 35 10
Al 7075–T73F F 468Z all 80–90 HRB 61–76 50 68 56 10
TitaniumG
Ti 1 F 468AT all 140–160 HV 35–70 30 35 25 24
Ti 2 F 468BT all 160–180 HV 50–85 45 50 40 20
Ti 4 F 468CT all 200–220 HV 80–115 75 80 70 15
Ti 5 Class AH F 468DT all 30–39 HRC 130–165 125 130 120 10
Ti 5 Class BH F 468HT all 30–39 HRC 130–165 125 130 120 10
Ti 7 F 468ET all 160–180 HV 50–85 45 50 40 20
Ti 19 F 468FT all 24–38 HRC 115–150 115 120 115 15
Ti 23 F 468GT all 25–36 HRC 120–165 110 120 110 10
Ti-5-1-1-1 F 468HT all 24–38 HRC 105–150 90 100 85 10
A
Where both tension and hardness tests are performed, the tension tests shall take precedence for acceptance purposes. For aluminum and titanium alloys, hardness
tests are for information only. See 6.5.
B
The yield and tensile strength values for full-size products shall be computed by dividing the yield and maximum tensile load by the stress area for the product diameter
and thread pitch as given in table on tensile stress areas.
C
Yield strength is the stress at which an offset of 0.2 % gage length occurs.
D
Elongation is determined using a gage length of 4 diameters of test specimen in accordance with Test Methods E8/E8M.
E
“HF” denotes a hot-formed product.
F
Aluminum alloy temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1.
G
Full-size test mechanical properties apply to fasteners with a maximum diameter of 76 mm. Mechanical properties of larger sections shall be negotiated between the
material manufacturer and the fastener producer.
H
Ti 5 Class A requires wedge tensile testing in accordance with 6.6. Ti 5 Class B requires wedge tensile testing in accordance with 6.5.1.

8.2 Finish—Unless otherwise specified, the fasteners shall 8.3.1 The surface discontinuities for socket head cap screws
be furnished without an additive chemical or metallic finish. shall conform to Specification F788 and the additional limita-
8.3 Surface Discontinuities: (Socket Head Cap Screw) tions specified herein.

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 F468 − 16
TABLE 3 Tensile Stress Areas and Threads per Inch
Coarse Fine 8 Thread
Nominal Threads-UNC Threads-UNF Series-8UN
Size, Stress Stress Stress
in. Threads/ Threads/ Threads/
AreaA , AreaA , AreaA ,
in. in.2 in. in.2 in. in.2

14⁄ 20 0.0318 28 0.0364 ... ...

⁄
5 16 18 0.0524 24 0.0580 ... ...
3⁄18 16 0.0775 24 0.0878 ... ...
7⁄16 14 0.1063 20 0.1187 ... ...
1 ⁄2 13 0.1419 20 0.1599 ... ...

⁄
9 16 12 0.1820 18 0.2030 ... ...
58⁄ 11 0.2260 18 0.2560 ... ...
3 ⁄4 10 0.3340 16 0.3730 ... ...
7 ⁄8 9 0.4620 14 0.5090 ... ...
1 8 0.6060 12 0.6630 ... ...

1 1 ⁄8 7 0.7630 12 0.8560 8 0.790

1 1 ⁄4 7 0.9690 12 1.0730 8 1.000
1 3 ⁄8 6 1.1550 12 1.3150 8 1.233
1 1 ⁄2 6 1.4050 12 1.5810 8 1.492
A
Tensile stress areas are computed using the following formula:

F
A s 5 0.7854 D 2 S 0.9743
n DG 2

where:
As = tensile stress area, in.2,
D = nominal size (basic major diameter), in., and
n = number of threads per inch.

8.3.1.1 Forging defects that connect the socket to the 9.1.1 The fastener manufacturer shall inspect each lot of
periphery of the head are not permissible. Defects originating fasteners prior to shipment in accordance with the quality
on the periphery and with a traverse indicating the potential to assurance procedures described in 9.2.
intersect are not permissible. Other forging defects are permis- 9.1.2 The purpose of a lot inspection testing program is to
sible provide those located in the bearing areas, fillet, and top ensure that each lot conforms to the requirements of this
surfaces shall not have a depth exceeding 0.03D or 0.005 in., specification. For such a plan to be fully effective, it is essential
whichever is greater. For peripheral discontinuities, the maxi-
that the purchaser continue to maintain the identification and
mum depth may be 0.06D (See Fig. 1A/Fig. 1B).
integrity of each lot following delivery until the product is
8.3.1.2 Forging defects located in the socket wall within 0.1
times the actual key engagement, T, from the bottom of the installed in its service application.
socket are not permissible. Discontinuities located elsewhere in 9.2 Production Lot Method:
the socket shall not have a length exceeding 0.25 T, or a 9.2.1 All fasteners shall be processed in accordance with a
maximum depth of 0.03 D not to exceed 0.0005 in. (see Fig.
lot identification control–quality assurance plan. The manufac-
2A/Fig. 2B).
turer shall identify and maintain the integrity of each produc-
8.3.1.3 Seams in the shank shall not exceed a depth of 0.03
tion lot of fasteners from raw material selection through all
D or 0.008 in. whichever is greater.
8.3.1.4 No transverse discontinuities shall be permitted in processing operations and treatments to final packing and
the head-to shank fillet area. shipment. Each lot shall be assigned its own lot-identification
8.3.1.5 Threads shall have no laps at the root or on the number, each lot shall be tested, and the inspection and test
flanks, as shown in Fig. 3. Laps are permitted at the crests (Fig. reports for each lot shall be retained.
3(c)) that do not exceed 25% of the basic thread depth, and on 9.2.2 For purposes of assigning an identification number
the flanks outside the pitch cylinder. Longitudinal seams rolled and from which test samples shall be selected, a production lot
beneath the root of the thread and across the crests of the shall consist of all fasteners that are processed essentially
threads are acceptable within the limits of 8.3.1.3. together through all operations to placing in the shipping
container that are of the same item (that is, bolt, hex cap screw,
9. Sampling, Number of Tests, and Retests stud, and so forth), nominal size, length, alloy, temper, and
9.1 Responsibility: thread series produced from the same mill heat of material.

9
 F468 − 16

FIG. 1 Head and Body Discontinuity Location and Limits (See 8.3)

10
 F468 − 16

FIG. 2 Socket Discontinuity location and Limits

9.2.3 The minimum number of samples to be tested to manufacturer subsequent to testing, they shall be tested in
determine the specified characteristics of each production lot accordance with 9.2 prior to shipment to the purchaser after all
shall be in accordance with the requirements specified in Guide alterations have been completed.
F1470.
9.3 Retests: 10. Test Preparation
9.3.1 When tested in accordance with the required sampling 10.1 Chemical Tests—When required, samples for chemical
plan, a lot shall be subject to rejection if any of the test analysis shall be taken in accordance with Practice E55 by
specimens fails to meet the applicable test requirements. drilling, sawing, milling, turning, clipping, or such other
9.3.2 If the failure of a test specimen is due to improper methods capable of producing representative samples.
preparation of the specimen or to incorrect testing technique, 10.2 Mechanical Tests:
the specimen shall be discarded and another specimen substi- 10.2.1 Machined tension specimens, when required, shall be
tuted. taken in accordance with Test Methods F606/F606M. The
9.4 Number of Tests After Alterations—If fasteners are heat largest test specimen that can be machined from the bolt or stud
treated, coated, or otherwise altered by a subcontractor or shall be used.

11
 F468 − 16

FIG. 3 Thread Discontinuities

FIG. 4 Comparison of Overall Length Before and After Fracture

10.2.2 Machined shear test specimens, when required and Alloy Test Method
applicable to aluminum alloys only, shall be taken in accor-
Copper E53, E54, E62, E75, E478
dance with Test Method B565. Aluminum E34, E101, E227
Nickel E38, E76, E354
11. Test Methods Titanium E120, E1409

11.1 Chemical Analysis—The chemical composition may be 11.2 Mechanical:

determined by any recognized commercial test method. In the
event of disagreement, the following test methods shall be used
for referee purposes:

12
 F468 − 16
11.2.1 When full-size tests are to be performed, determine the manufacturer as soon as practical after receipt of the
the yield strength, wedge tensile strength, and axial tensile product by the purchaser.
strength, as required by Section 6, on each sample in accor-
dance with the appropriate methods of Test Methods F606/ 15. Certification and Test Reports
F606M. 15.1 Certificate of Compliance, Certificate of
11.2.2 When machined specimen tests are necessary (see Conformance—When specified in the contract or purchase
Section 7), determine the yield strength, tensile strength, and order, the manufacturer shall furnish certification that the
elongation on each sample in accordance with Test Methods fasteners were manufactured and tested in accordance with this
E8/E8M; and the shear strength (applicable to aluminum alloys specification and meet all specified requirements.
only) in accordance with Test Method B565.
11.2.3 Determine the hardness in accordance with Test 15.2 Test Reports—When shipment lot testing in accordance
Methods E18 or E92 at mid radius on the bottom of the with Supplementary Requirement S3 is specified in the con-
threaded end after suitable preparation. Make a minimum of tract or purchase order, the manufacturer shall furnish a test
two readings, each of which shall conform to the specified report showing the results of the mechanical tests for each lot
requirements. shipped.
11.2.4 Extension Test for Socket Head Cap Screws—An
extension test is applicable only to full-size products. The 16. Product, Packaging and Package Marking
extension test shall be conducted in accordance with ASTM 16.1 Individual Fasteners—All products 0.0250 in. diam-
F606 except as noted in this section. The product is acceptable eter and larger shall be marked with a symbol identifying the
when the extension equals or exceeds the minimum value for manufacturer. In addition, they shall be marked with the
extension specified in Table 2. alloy/mechanical property marking specified in Table 2. The
12. Significance of Numerical Limits marking shall be raised or depressed at the option of the
manufacturer.
12.1 For purposes of determining compliance with the
specified limits for requirements of the properties listed in this 16.2 Packaging:
specification, an observed value or calculated value shall be 16.2.1 Unless otherwise specified, packaging shall be in
rounded in accordance with Practice E29. accordance with Practice D3951.
16.2.2 When special packaging requirements are required
13. Inspection by the purchaser, they shall be defined at the time of inquiry
13.1 When specified on the inquiry or purchase order, the and order.
product shall be subject to inspection by the purchaser at the 16.3 Package Marking—Each shipping unit shall include
place of manufacture before shipment. The inspector represent- or be plainly marked with the following:
ing the purchaser shall have controlled entry only to those parts 16.3.1 ASTM designation,
of the manufacturer’s operations that concern the manufacture 16.3.2 Alloy number,
of the ordered product and only when and where work on the 16.3.3 Alloy/mechanical property marking,
contract of the purchaser is being performed. The manufacturer 16.3.4 Size,
shall afford the inspector all reasonable facilities to satisfy him 16.3.5 Name and brand or trademark of the manufacturer,
that the product is being furnished in accordance with this 16.3.6 Number of pieces,
specification. All inspections and tests shall be conducted so as 16.3.7 Country of origin, and
not to interfere unnecessarily with the operations of the 16.3.8 Purchase order number.
manufacturer.
14. Rejection and Rehearing 17. Keywords
14.1 Unless otherwise specified, any rejection based on tests 17.1 bolts; cap screws; socket head cap screws; general
specified herein and made by the purchaser shall be reported to use; nonferrous; studs

13
 F468 − 16
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the
purchaser on the inquiry, contract, or order. Supplementary requirements shall in no way negate any
requirement of the specification itself.

S1. Stress Corrosion Requirements S2.4 The manufacturer shall furnish a test report for each lot
in the shipment showing the actual results of the chemical
S1.1 Copper Alloys—Copper alloy fasteners shall exhibit no
analysis and mechanical property tests performed in accor-
evidence of cracking after immersion for 30 min in an aqueous
dance with Supplementary Requirement S2.
solution of mercurous nitrate when tested in accordance with
Test Method B154. S3. Dye Penetrant Inspection
S1.1.1 Warning—Mercury is a definite health hazard and S3.1 When dye penetrant inspection is specified on the
equipment for the detection and removal of mercury vapor purchase order, the fasteners shall be tested in accordance with
produced in volatilization is recommended. The use of rubber Practice E165/E165M or other mutually acceptable
gloves in testing is advisable. procedures, and shall conform to acceptance criteria as mutu-
S1.2 7075-T73 Aluminum Alloy—For aluminum alloy ally agreed upon by the purchaser and manufacturer.
7075-T73 fasteners, the resistance to stress corrosion cracking
shall be established by testing the previously selected tension S4. Heat Control (Alloys 400, 405, and 500 Only)
test specimens to the electrical conductivity-yield strength S4.1 When Supplementary Requirement S4 is specified on
criteria listed in 12.2 of Specification B211. When the fasteners the inquiry or order, the manufacturer shall control the product
are too short to permit tension testing, suitable lengths of the by heat analysis and identify the finished product in each
stock used to produce the fasteners shall be heat treated with shipment by the actual heat number.
the fasteners and tested to the electrical conductivity-yield S4.2 When Supplementary Requirement S4 is specified on
strength criteria. The conductivity shall be determined in the inquiry and order, Supplementary Requirement S2 shall be
accordance with Test Method B193. considered automatically invoked with the addition that the
heat analysis shall be reported to the purchaser on the test
S2. Shipment Lot Testing reports.
S2.1 When Supplementary Requirement S2 is specified on S5. Nickel Alloy
the order (see 3.1.9), the manufacturer shall make sample tests S5.1 When Supplementary Requirement S5 is specified on
on the individual lots for shipment to ensure that the product the inquiry or order, Nickel Alloy 500 shall be in accordance
conforms to the specified requirements. with Federal Specification QQ-N-286. If the manufacturing
S2.2 The manufacturer shall make an analysis of a ran- process for nickel alloy 500 fasteners consists of thread rolling,
domly selected finished fastener from each lot of product to be heading or other forming operations, the starting material shall
shipped. Heat or lot control shall be maintained. The analysis be in the annealed condition. After all forming procedures have
of the starting material from which the fasteners have been been completed, the fasteners shall be re-annealed and age
manufactured may be reported in place of the product analysis. hardened per QQ-N-286, Form 2. If the fastener manufacturing
S2.3 The manufacturer shall perform mechanical property process consists solely of machining operations, the starting
tests in accordance with this specification and Guide F1470 on material may be in the final annealed and age hardened
the individual lots for shipment. condition with no supplementary heat treatment required.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee F16 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue, F468–15,
that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Aug. 1, 2016.)

(1) Revised 6.1 to clarify the 80% requirement for listed test
values for button and flat countersunk head cap screws applies
only to full size testing.

Committee F16 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue, F468–13,
that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Dec. 1, 2015.)

14
 F468 − 16
(1) Revised 6.1 to add exceptions for button and flat counter-
sunk head cap screws.

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in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
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15