The Impact of Online Learning on the Overall Performance of the

Junior Highschool Students: A Case in Cagayan de Oro City

A Research Paper
Presented to
The Junior High School Department of
Vita Basic Education School
Zone 10, Bulua, Cagayan de Oro City

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Grade 10
English

Jennah Madrid M. Tejada

 Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

The COVID-19 has resulted in schools shutting all across the world. Globally,
over 1.2 billion children are out of the classroom. As a result, education has changed
dramatically, with the distinctive rise of e-learning, whereby teaching is undertaken
remotely and on digital platforms. (Li et al., 2020).

Online learning is the newest and most popular form of distance education
today. Within the past decade, it has had a major impact on postsecondary education
and the trend is only increasing.

Online learning is also an education that takes place over the Internet. It is often
referred to as “e-learning” among other terms. However, online learning is just one
type of “distance learning” - the umbrella term for any learning that takes place across
distance and not in a traditional classroom.

Though there may be changes in how our learning style is affected compared to
our usual face-to-face learning setup. One of these includes doing our tasks, tests,
exams on the internet. Unlike before we had to write down our notes and answers
whenever we have our quizzes, but now we do it on our gadgets. We also use “e-
books” if ever we want to know more about our lessons being discussed by our teacher.

In encountering our “e-learning”, we also use educational apps. An educational

app is an application designed to help individuals with remote learning of any kind e.g.
Google Classroom, Quizlet, Quipper, etc. We also have apps for students and teachers
to have their virtual meetings. The applications that are commonly used by everyone
today are mostly Zoom and Google meet.

When we use these applications, it helps students like us to catch up with our
lessons. Though it may be different from our learning style before, with the help of
these applications, we are able to continue learning more lessons as we students
continue to grow even better.

Statement of the Problem

This study sought to determine the online learning activities of the students. The
following questions are:

1. What will the students gain in having their learning activities through the
internet?
2. How will it affect their learning system?
3. Will the student be able to use the knowledge learned on the internet for their
future purposes?

Hypotheses

The following hypotheses guided the study and were tested at a certain level of
significance:

H0: There is no significant impact between online learning and the overall
performance of students.
H1: There is a significant impact between online learning and the overall
performance of students.

Significance of the Study

The results of this study will be beneficial to the following:

For the students of Vita Basic Education School , the findings of this study will
enhance their knowledge of the new online learning style and to point out
students’ weakness in their performance during online learning setup;
 For the students of other private Junior Highschool , for them to learn about the
other concerns of the other schools regarding this new learning style;

For the teachers, for them to be made aware of the struggles as well as
conditions of students in this online learning setup;

For the School Administrators, the findings of this study can be maximized to
assess the school’s curriculum this pandemic given the online learning setup the
school adhered upon as well as providing teachers with training and programs so
they too can adjust well to the current setting;

For the future researchers, for them to receive knowledge related to this study in
order for them to use that knowledge if they ever encounter the same problem
as we are today.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study limits itself to interviewing students in three (3) basic education
institutions in Cagayan de Oro City namely Vita Basic Education School, Xavier
University, and Corpus Christi. The target respondents will range from 14-16 years old.
The data collection process was made to an online platform because of the restrictions
on social distancing and the stay-at-home policy due to the Covid-19 pandemic.

Furthermore, the research instrument that was used in this study is a self-made
questionnaire. The time constraint of the research is conducted within a month, and the
making of the first chapter was made in about weeks. The purposive sampling method
will be used in choosing the specific participants of the population of Junior High school
students in the above-mentioned institutions. This study only limits and aims to know
the impact of online learning on the overall performance of students, especially during
the pandemic.

Definition of Terms
E-learning - learning conducted via electronic media, typically on the internet.
 Distance learning - a method of studying in which lectures are broadcast or
classes are conducted by correspondence or over the internet, without the student's
needing to attend a school or college.

E-book - an electronic version of a printed book that can be read on a computer

or handheld device designed specifically for this purpose.

Quipper - an education technology company that provides e-Learning, coaching,

tutoring, and assessment services for K-12 in Japan, Indonesia, the Philippines, and
Mexico.

Quizlet - a multi-national American company that creates and designs tools used
for studying and learning.

Zoom –video telephony and online chat service through a cloud-based peer-to-
peer software platform and is used for teleconferencing, telecommuting, distance
education, and social relations
 Chapter 2
Review of Related Literature and Studies and Conceptual Framework

This study aims to investigate the impact of online learning on the overall
performance of students. Specifically, this literature review will look into the studies that
see the influence brought about by the emergence of online learning during this
pandemic time. This study will be necessary for the students of today to identify both
the positive and negative impact of online learning on the overall performance of
students.

Online Learning
Educators have traditionally expressed skepticism about the prospects of
reproducing outcomes equivalent to traditional face-to-face instruction by means of
online distance learning, according to Paul Van Portfliet and Michael Anderson.

In a study comparing outcomes from online and hybrid courses, Van Portfliet and
Anderson note that it is believed that academic achievement and retention are worse
for students following distance learning programs than for those being taught in
traditional classroom settings. An explanation cited for this relative lack of efficacy
traces it back to a lack of contact between students, their teacher and their peers in the
online learning environment. (Van Portfliet et Anderson., 2013)

The ongoing discussion in the literature suggests that it is difficult to draw

general conclusions about the efficacy of online learning as such, not least because it
constitutes in significant ways a distinctive mode of learning when compared with real-
world instruction. It is perhaps better, then, to look more specifically at questions such
as the comparative strengths and challenges of moving to virtual schooling, the
conditions which need to be in place for it to function well and the manner in which this
transition is experienced by learners with different capabilities.
Overall Performance of Students

The goal of this study is to determine if a correlation exists between student self-
reflection and academic performance and motivation. This review of literature will serve
to inform the following aspects of my research: how reflection is defined, how reflection
has evolved over time, what previous research has discovered regarding any potential
connections between student self-reflection and academic performance and motivation,
as well as the implications for teachers who may or may not currently be utilizing
reflective exercises in their own classrooms.

As discussed by Yancey (1998), “if we don’t ask our students to reflect on their
own work—a process based on internal factors and criteria—they are likely to remain
dependent on external rewards, now knowing where to begin to consider their own
performance”. Moreover, students who are explicitly taught metacognitive activities,
such as written self-reflection, tend to be more highly engaged in their school work as
well as maintain higher levels of academic proficiency. (McCormick, Dimmitt, & Sullivan,
2013).

Synthesis
Indeed, online learning has affected the way we understand and learn things
especially in this time of the pandemic. This new mode of learning has demanded us to
also shift our paradigm and move towards adjusting to the new normal way of learning.
Hence, students are greatly impacted by this sudden shift to distance or online learning
for the very reason that all must and should abide by it. But there are indicators
wherein the online learning setup has delivered us a new way also of acquiring
information through the use of varied technological and digital tools which greatly
benefited all of us. That the world has already become digitalized and it has indeed
reached the global education sector.
 This related literature will help the researchers to strengthen their hypothesis
and back up their research problem.

Conceptual Framework
Conceptual Framework represents the researcher’s synthesis of the literature on
how to explain a phenomenon. It maps out the actions required in the course of the
study given his previous knowledge of others researchers’ points of view and his
observations on the subject of research.

In this research, the researcher conducted a question-and-answer tool through a

survey questionnaire to the respondents to get some useful elements if they learn more
about their weakness in having their online setup as it will make them understand it
even more or they might develop more knowledge in their new online learning style.
 Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter deals with the methodology of the present investigation.
Specifically, it includes the research design, sampling procedures, data gathering
instrument, data gathering procedure, and data analysis procedure.

Research Design (Quantitative Research)

In this research, the researcher abstracted on student’s main focus point in their
encounters of having online learning setups. For the researcher’s quantitative research,
the main point of this study, is to elaborate the impact being received by the students
in this online learning setup. Since the students may have lacked the proper knowledge
in understanding the point of online learning to their impact of their daily performance
task. This study will reveal if some students might have the same impact when it comes
to learning online. Knowing the students today, as the researcher is a student herself,
we’ll know that we will soon understand more about the impacts of the new learning
style to our performance task and the same goes with the purpose of this study.

Sampling Procedure
For the gender of female, there are three (3) girls in the age of 15 and 16. For
the gender of male, there are (2) boys in the age of 15, and one (1) boy in the age of
14 and 16. The sample size, are six (6) girls, considering that they all have the same
learning style they might also have the same impact when it comes to their learning
activities in the internet. As for the sampling procedure, only two (2) girls who will gain
the same significance to each other related to this study, compared to the remaining
girls who might lack the same understatement related to this study.

Data Gathering Instrument

 This study used a test questionnaire as its research instrument and data source
since it gathers data faster than any other instrument. It is the most convenient among
all other instruments. By using a survey as a research instrument, the researchers
aimed to look into the impact of online learning to the overall performance of students.

The questionnaire used for this research was a questionnaire formulated by the
researcher. The questionnaire is composed of 10 items. The items are scored using the
“Yes or No” scale. In the response, a higher score is indicative of a more significant
influence or impact of online learning to the overall performance of students.

Data Gathering Procedure

In the data gathering procedure, the researchers asked for prior permission from the
respondents by sending an email regarding the survey. Before finally floating the survey
questionnaires, a pretesting was conducted with the research adviser to revise the
questionnaire and further enhance the validity. As a result, the pilot testing showed no default
in the questionnaire regarding the questions.

After the validation of the instrument, the researchers proceed to gather the necessary
data. The soft copy of the MS Word file where the survey questionnaire can be accessed was
sent via personal email of the respondents who are the students from selected Junior High
Schools, together with the consent form. Furthermore, the respondents have the discretion to
answer the survey.

The samples were drawn randomly from students in the Junior High School. Specifically,
Grades 9 and 10 in Vita Basic Education School, Xavier University, and Corpus Christi.

Data Analysis Procedure

In the tools for this procedure, these are the following methods of this analysis
of data or rather the essential elements of this procedure:

1. Analyzation - examine methodically and in detail the constitution or structure of

something, especially information, typically for purposes of explanation and
interpretation.
2. Review - to examine or study again

3. Information - knowledge obtained from investigation, study, or instruction

4. Examine - inspect someone or something in detail to determine their nature or

condition; investigate thoroughly.
 Chapter 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter looked into the gathered data presented in tables and supported by
its corresponding interpretation and analysis. Results of each part of the survey
questionnaire are arranged accordingly and elaborated.

Results
The results present the interpretation, implications of the data gathered, and studies
that support the obtained results.

Table 1. RESPONDENTS’ DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE NUMBER OF

RESPONDENTS

14 YEARS OLD 1

15 YEARS OLD 5
AGE 16 YEARS OLD 4

TOTAL: 10

MALE 4
GENDER FEMALE 6

TOTAL: 10

GRADE 9 1
GRADE GRADE 10 9
LEVEL TOTAL: 10
 Table 2. RESPONDENTS’ RESPONSE TO THE QUESTIONAIRE

QUESTIONNAIRE NO. OF RESPONDENTS

A B

1. Have you experienced online learning? 9 1

2. Do you have any difficulties when you 2 8

learn through e-books?

3. Do you think modules are still needed? 6 4

4. Have you encountered doing tests 10 0

online?

5. Are you comfortable learning through 4 6

online education?

6. Did you have trouble doing your 8 2

performance activities online?

7. Do you think your online lessons can 5 5

benefit your plans for your future?

8. Is your health affected by your online 8 2

learning today?

9. Are your grades doing well even 9 1

through learning online?

10. Can you perform your performance 3 7

tasks online without any difficulties?

In the table above, item number 4 have received a score of 10 out of 10 which
clearly states students’ affirmation on doing exams via online. It is followed by students’
affirmation of their experience in online learning as well as agreeing that their grades
are well even with the onset of online learning as seen in items 1 and 9 both having 9
Yes’ out of 10 respondents. However, students also find it not comfortable for them to
learn through online learning as shown in item number 5 for the reason that they have
difficulties adjusting to online learning. This is also seconded by students’ opinion as
shown in item number 10 that they have difficulties performing their tasks online for
the reason that they might have problems with internet connectivity, access to online
learning and so on.

Problem 1. What will the students gain in having their learning activities through the
internet?

They will gain further knowledge related to the study they should be focused on,
as being answered in the given questionnaires. Mostly, the majority number of answers
being submitted shows that some of the students received positive impacts even
through online learning.

Problem 2. How will it affect their learning system?

It will help the students in taking more care of themselves, as being shown in
data above (respondents’ response to the questionnaire), it shows that their health is
being affected as they learn in online education. Also, it will help the students improve
more in their daily learning style.

Problem 3. Will the student be able to use the knowledge learned on the internet for
their future purposes?
As being answered equally in the questionnaire above, it shows that it is possible
for students today to be able to use their knowledge on their future purposes as it will
benefit them to be well prepared for their future encounters as they will continue to
grow step by step.
 Chapter 5
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions, and
recommendations of the study.

Findings
This research study details about the kind of impact that leaves on the student
connecting to his/her overall performance. This study proves that online learning is as
useful as the normal learning style before this pandemic. Though this study also shows
the negative effects of the online setup, it also helps the student in overcoming that
problem as they only need to improve themselves to understand the learning style that
they will continue to have as well as gain further knowledge about their given study on
online education.

Conclusion
In this research, it is clear that students need more improvement as they
continue to learn virtually since at some time, they get ahead of themselves as they
study online facing their gadgets in a long time and they tend to forget about their
health. This research also shows that the students are doing well in online education
same as they are doing well during face-to-face. Since this research also proves that
the knowledge they have learned through online setup can still benefit them in their
future purposes, not only as a student but as an individual too. And if students continue
to improve their learning style through online, they will continue to maintain a healthy
online learning style as they grow to be better.

Recommendations
Given the findings of this study, the following recommendations may improve
and help the following:
1. Faculty and Staff in providing flexible and more adaptive virtual environment
to students so they may continue to strive learning despite the challenges
such as having to meet online through Google Meet or Zoom and so that
students are able to hone and develop their skills holistically, hence,
improving their overall performance in all subjects;
2. School Administrators must ensure that the curriculum is well-assessed and
evaluated as well as providing adequate training and professional
development programs to teachers. Also, to ensure that the most essential
learning competencies are cascaded to virtual classes, the school
administrators may opt for a semestral or a quarterly classroom observation
guided by a pre and post evaluation tool to further improve the online
learning experience of students;
3. Future researchers may contribute their insights by elaborating and gathering
data on newly discovered variables in terms of the impact of online learning
to the overall performance of students.
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 APPENDIX
Survey Questionnaire
 CURRICULUM VITAE

I. Personal Data
Name: JENNAH TEJADA
Grade Level: Grade 10
Formal Picture Here
Age: ___ years old
Birthdate:
Civil Status: Single
Address:
Place of Birth:
Email Address:
Religion:
Citizenship:
Father’s Name:
Mother’s Name:

II. Educational Background

Junior High School: Vita Basic Education School

Zone 10, Impantao, Bulua, Cagayan de Oro City
(2018-present)
Elementary:

(2012-2018)