‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
 K‫א‬GG
 K‫א‬GG
 K‫א‬GG
 K‫א‬GG
 K‫א‬GG
 
 ٪٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K––‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ƒ א‬

 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٢

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٣
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J٤
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٥
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J٦
K‫א‬  J٧
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٨
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٩

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ „
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ „
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ „
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ „
K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J١

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE‫א‬‫א‬F
E ‫א‬F‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  J٢
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  J٣
 ‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬  J٤
 
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬EF K٢
K‫א‬ K٣
(Thermostat)‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 K‫א‬ K٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬     ،‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 K‫א‬E٢ J١F
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 EKKKK‫؟‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F،،‫א‬
 W‫א‬
٣٥٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Starter)E‫א‬F‫א‬ •
 EL
K‫א‬‫א‬(Fresh charge)E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١
 W‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬GG
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
 K‫א‬GG
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
F(A/F ratio)E
 F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
 KE‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬GG
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬ J
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٤
 
‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢ J٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬GG
(Contact braker)E
 ‫א‬F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
 K(Pulse Generator)E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K(Distributor)E‫א‬F‫א‬GG
 K(Ignition coil)E‫א‬F‫א‬GG
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
 K(Capacitor)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
(Spark Plug)E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬GG
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 

 K‫א‬‫א‬E٢ J٢F
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
       ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
(Slap)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(Con. Rod twisting) ‫א‬‫א‬(Con. Rod buckling) ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬E‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬ E
 ،، 
 F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢ J٣F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 
  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢ J٣F
 
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬ ƒ
EF‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ „
K‫א‬ „
K‫א‬ „
K‫א‬ „
K‫א‬ „
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،
 KE٢ J٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬EF‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
(Oil- pump)‫א‬ ƒ
K‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
K(Oil filter)E‫א‬F‫א‬ ƒ
K(Oil stick)‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
.(Oil-pan)–E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
(Oil pressure indicator)K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬E٢ J٤F
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ،‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢ J٥F
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ، ،  ‫א‬ (Distortion) E‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 (35%)‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(7%)‫א‬‫א‬(35%)‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬     (24%) ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ،‫א‬  
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K(Water pump)‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
K(Cooling fan)‫א‬ ƒ
K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫ƒ א‬
K‫א‬EF‫א‬ ƒ
(Thermostat)K–E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
   90  80‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬   
   ،     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬80‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Residual gases)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬  E‫א‬F       ‫א‬    
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢ J٦F
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 WE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
K(Fuel pump)‫א‬ ƒ
K(Fuel filters)‫א‬EF ƒ
K(Carburetor)E‫א‬‫א‬F‫ƒ א‬
K(Intake manifold)‫א‬ ƒ
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬      ‫א‬     
، ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢ J٧F
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 J ‫א‬  – ‫א‬   –  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  J ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EKKKKKKKKK‫א‬K J‫א‬‫א‬
–‫א‬‫א‬(Processor)(ECU)‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬        ‫א‬  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬(Sensors)‫א‬GG
(Electronic Control Unit)K‫א‬‫א‬GG
 K(Fuel Injectors)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬     
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬F‫א‬
K(Ignition switch)E‫א‬F J‫א‬ J‫א‬ ƒ
(Storage-battery)K–E‫א‬F‫ƒ א‬
(Ignition-coil)K‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
(Spark plugs)K–E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ ƒ
(Distributor)K–E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Vacuum regulator)‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
K‫א‬‫א‬
(Capacitor)K‫ƒ א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 

 
K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٢ J١٠F
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬E٢ J١١F
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬E٢ J١٢F
 
 W‫א‬
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬
،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
    ، ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
(Back-pressure)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 

 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢ J١٣F
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢ J١٤F
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٦٣ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬
 
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٣
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٤
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٥
 W‫א‬ J٦
 ‫א‬GG
K‫א‬GG
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