Thursday 16 May 2019: Chemistry
Thursday 16 May 2019: Chemistry
Thursday 16 May 2019: Chemistry
Chemistry
Paper 1
Higher Tier
You must have: Total Marks
Calculator, ruler
Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• centre
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
number and candidate number.
• Answer allthequestions.
Answer
• – there may bequestions in the spaces provided
more space than you need.
• Calculators may be used.
• You must showmayall NOT
Any diagrams be accurately drawn, unless otherwise indicated.
• the end of your solution.
your working out with your answer clearly identified at
Information
• The total mark for this paper is 100
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
• toIn questions marked with an asterisk (*), marks will be awarded for your ability
structure your answer logically showing how the points that you make are
related or follow on from each other where appropriate.
• There is a periodic table on the back cover of the paper.
Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over
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©2019 Pearson Education Ltd.
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Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
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(b) The electrodes of a fuel cell are in contact with water and air.
The electrodes are made of platinum rather than iron.
(i) State why iron is not a suitable metal for the electrodes of the cell.
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(c) Some metal objects are electroplated.
State two reasons for electroplating a metal object.
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(2)
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2 In Figure 1, the letters A, E, G, J, X and Z show the positions of six elements in the
periodic table.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0
A E G
J X
Figure 1
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(iii) give the letter of an element that normally forms an ion with a charge of +1.
(1)
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(b) Element E has an atomic number of 5.
In a sample of E there are two isotopes. One isotope has a mass number of 10
and the other isotope has a mass number of 11.
(i) Explain, in terms of subatomic particles, what is meant by the term isotopes.
(2)
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(ii) All atoms of element E in this sample contain
(1)
A 5 protons
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B 5 neutrons
C 6 protons
D 6 neutrons
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3 (a) Water, acidified with sulfuric acid, is decomposed by electrolysis.
The water is decomposed to produce hydrogen and oxygen.
(ii) Throughout the experiment the volume of hydrogen and the volume of
oxygen are measured at two-minute intervals.
The results are shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2
Describe, using the data in Figure 2, what the results show about the volumes
of hydrogen and of oxygen produced in this experiment.
(2)
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(b) Molten lead bromide is electrolysed.
(1)
A hydrogen and bromine
B hydrogen and oxygen
C lead and bromine
D lead and oxygen
(c) Calcium nitrate and calcium carbonate are both ionic compounds.
Calcium nitrate mixed with water behaves as an electrolyte.
Calcium carbonate mixed with water does not behave as an electrolyte.
Explain, in terms of solubility and movement of ions, this difference in behaviour.
(2)
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(d) When molten zinc chloride is electrolysed, zinc ions, Zn2+, form zinc atoms.
Write the half equation for this reaction.
(2)
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4 Calcium carbonate decomposes on heating to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide.
(b) A second sample of calcium carbonate is strongly heated in a crucible until there is no
further loss in mass.
The mass of calcium oxide remaining in the crucible is 5.450 g.
(ii) The mass of solid left in the crucible is less than the theoretical mass of
calcium oxide that should be obtained.
A possible reason for this is that
(1)
A some solid was lost from the crucible
B the solid remaining absorbed some water from the air
C some carbon dioxide remained in the crucible
D the decomposition was incomplete
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(c) Another sample of calcium carbonate is heated and the mass of solid remaining is
measured each minute.
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time in minutes 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
mass of solid remaining in g 9.0 8.1 7.2 6.4 6.0 5.6 5.3 5.2
Figure 3
(ii) It is impossible to be sure from this data that the reaction is complete.
State why.
(1)
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(d) (i) Calculate the relative formula mass of calcium carbonate, CaCO3.
(relative atomic masses: C = 12, O = 16, Ca = 40)
(2)
(ii) Calculate the atom economy for the formation of calcium oxide in this reaction.
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5 (a) One way to extract metals from land contaminated with metal compounds is
phytoextraction.
When plants grow they absorb metal ions through their roots.
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(ii) In the final stage of the extraction process, a nickel compound is electrolysed
to produce pure nickel.
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(c) In a different method of obtaining nickel, the process produces a mixture of the
liquids nickel tetracarbonyl and iron pentacarbonyl.
The boiling point of nickel tetracarbonyl is 43 °C.
The boiling point of iron pentacarbonyl is 103 °C.
These two liquids mix together completely.
Describe the process used to separate these two liquids.
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6 (a) Hydrated copper sulfate, CuSO4.5H2O, is a blue solid.
Anhydrous copper sulfate, CuSO4, is a white solid.
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(c) Calculate the number of atoms combined in one mole of copper iodide, CuI2.
(Avogadro constant = 6.02 × 1023)
(2)
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7 Many metals corrode.
(b) An experiment is carried out to see if magnesium ribbon wrapped around a piece
of iron rod has an effect on the rate at which the iron rod rusts.
The apparatus is shown in Figure 4.
magnesium ribbon
Figure 4
(i) Explain why iron rod rather than stainless steel rod is used in this experiment.
(2)
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(ii) State why it is not necessary to use a pipette to measure out 10 cm3 water in
this experiment.
(1)
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(iii) After a few days the two boiling tubes were examined.
The results are shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5
N2H4 + O2 o N2 + 2H2O
A metal in water corrodes faster than an identical piece of metal in the same
volume of water containing dissolved hydrazine.
Use the information to explain how hydrazine slows corrosion.
(2)
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(d) Ammonia is used to make hydrazine.
In the industrial process to manufacture ammonia, nitrogen and hydrogen are
N2 + 3H2 U 2NH3
(ii) Predict the effect that adding the catalyst has on the rate of attainment
of equilibrium.
(1)
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8 Pieces of zinc react with copper sulfate solution.
Zinc sulfate solution is colourless.
(a) Describe what you would see when an excess of zinc is added to copper sulfate solution
and the mixture left until the reaction is complete.
(2)
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(c) The copper sulfate solution used has a concentration of 15.95 g dm−3.
Calculate the number of moles of copper sulfate, CuSO4, in 50.00 cm3 of this solution.
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mass = ............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . g
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9 (a) X and Y are solutions of two different acids.
The concentration of acid in each solution, in mol dm−3, is the same.
Solution X has a pH of 3.40 and solution Y has a pH of 4.40.
(ii) What is the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X compared with that
in solution Y?
(1)
A ten times lower
B lower by a factor of 3.30/4.40
C higher by a factor of 4.40/3.30
D ten times higher
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(b) An experiment is planned to record the change in pH as a powdered base is
added to 50 cm3 dilute hydrochloric acid.
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(iii) Explain, in terms of the particles present, why the pH increases during
the experiment.
(2)
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*(c) Some properties of four solids, A, B, C and D, are shown in Figure 6.
The solids, in no particular order, are copper carbonate, copper oxide,
A B C D
solid dissolves
observation when a few bubbles
black solid and forms green solid
solid is added to appear on surface
remains colourless remains
water of solid
solution
pH of mixture of
solid added to 7 8 13 7
water
Figure 6
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10 (a) Nitric acid can be titrated with a solution of ammonia.
(i) State the type of reaction occurring when nitric acid reacts with ammonia.
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(1)
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(b) In one stage of the production of nitric acid, nitrogen oxide, NO, is reacted with
oxygen to make nitrogen dioxide, NO2.
2NO + O2 o 2NO2
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*(c) In another stage in the production of nitric acid, ammonia is reacted with oxygen
to form nitrogen oxide and water.
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The Periodic Table of the Elements
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0
1 4
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 2
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 63.5 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
85 88 89 91 93 96 [98] 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
133 137 139 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 [209] [210] [222]
Cs Ba La* Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium lanthanum hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
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[223] [226] [227] [261] [262] [266] [264] [277] [268] [271] [272]
Fr Ra Ac* Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Elements with atomic numbers 112-116 have been reported but not fully
francium radium actinium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium authenticated
87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111
* The lanthanoids (atomic numbers 58-71) and the actinoids (atomic numbers 90-103) have been omitted.
The relative atomic masses of copper and chlorine have not been rounded to the nearest whole number.
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