Gono, Kenneth L. STEM 12-YA-22 Activity #4 - Mendelian Genetics Problems A. Monohybrid Crosses

Gono, Kenneth L.
STEM 12-YA-22
Activity #4 – MENDELIAN GENETICS PROBLEMS
A. Monohybrid Crosses
1. In Coleus, some plants have shallowly crenated edges and others have deeply incised
leaves. A cross is made between homozygous deep and shallow individuals. The
shallow trait is dominant.
a. Using S and s to symbolize the genes for this trait, give the phenotypic and genotypic ratios for the F1
generation.
Cross is made between deep and shallow for F1 generation
SS x ss
Genotype= all Ss
Phenotype=Shallow
b. If self-pollination is allowed, what is the phenotypic ratio for the F2 generation?

If self pollination is allowed between F1 generation plant
F2 generation
Genotypic = 1 : 2 : 1 or 1/4 SS: 1/2 Ss: 1/4 ss
Phenotypic = 3 : 1 or 3/4 shallow; 1/4 deep
2.
a. In a pea plant that breeds true for tall, what possible gametes can be produced? Use the symbol D for tall,
d for dwarf.
Gametes DD
b. In a pea plant that breeds true for dwarf, what possible gametes will be produced?
Gametes dd
c. What will be the genotype of F1 offspring from a cross between these two types?
F1 offspring: Dd
d. Assuming that the allele for tall is dominant, what will be the phenotype of F1 offspring from a cross
between these two types?
Phenotype: tall
e. What will be the probable distribution of traits in the F2 generation? (Illustrate

with a D d Punnett square).
D D Dd
D
d Dd dd
3. The ability to taste a bitter chemical, phenylthiocarbamide (PTC), is due to a dominant gene. Use T and t to
symbolize the two alleles of this gene.
a. What is the genotype of a non-taster? What are the possible genotypes of a taster?
tt ; TT or Tt
T T
t Tt Tt
t Tt Tt
b. Could a person with two tasters as parents be a non-taster? How?
Yes, if their parents were heterozygous.
4. A woman heterozygous for polydactyly (extra fingers and toes), a dominant trait, is married to a normal man.
What is the probability of producing an offspring that has extra fingers or toes?
Probability of about 50%.
5. Parents who do not have Tay Sachs disease produce a child who has this terrible affliction. What are the chances
that each child born of this union will be affected?
There are about 25% of chance that their children will be affected by the Tay Sachs disease.
6. In human beings, ability to curl the tongue into a U-shaped trough is a heritable trait. "Curlers" always have at
least one curler parent, but "non-curlers" may occur in families where one or both parents are curlers. Using C and c
to symbolize this trait, what is the genotype of a non-curler?
Genotype: cc
C c
C CC Cc
c Cc cc
7. Albinism, the total lack of pigment, is due to a recessive gene. A man and woman plan to
marry and wish to know the probability of their having any albino children. What are the probabilities if:
a. Both are normally pigmented, but each has one albino parent.
25% Probability
b. The man is an albino, the girl is normal, but her father is an albino.
50% Probability
c. The man is an albino and the girl's family includes no albinos for at least three generations.
0% Probability because there are no traces of albinisms in the girl’s family for three generations.
8. In a certain plant, both purple x purple and purple x blue yield purple and blue colored progeny, but blue x blue
gives rise only to blue.
a. What does this tell you about the genotypes of blue- and purple-flowered plants?
Blue-flowered plants are homozygous and purple-flowered plants are heterozygous.
b. Which gene is dominant?
Purple-flowered plants.
9. Two short-haired female cats are mated to the same long-haired male. Several litters are
produced. Female No. 1 produced eight short-haired and six long-haired kittens.
Female No. 2 produced 24 short-haired ones and no long-haired ones. From these
observations, what deductions can be made concerning hair-length inheritance in these
animals? Assuming the allelic pair S and s, give the likely genotypes of the two female
cats and the male.
S= short hair short hair is the dominant trait.

S s S S
s Ss ss s= long hair Genotypes:
s Ss Ss
female 1: Ss female 2: SS male: ss
s Ss ss s Ss Ss
10. In human beings, a downward pointed frontal hairline ("widow's peak") is a heritable
trait. A person with a widow's peak always has at least one parent who also has this trait,
whereas persons with a straight frontal hairline may occur in families in which one or
even both parents have widow's peak. When both parents have a straight frontal hairline,
all children also have a straight hairline. Using W and w to symbolize genes for this
trait, what is the genotype of an individual without widow's peak?
w w w = straight frontal line ww, both parents have straight frontal hairline,
w w w meaning that they are homozygous recessive W= widow’s
peak
w w
w w w
w w
B. Dihybrid Crosses
1. In peas, a gene for tall plants (T) is dominant over its allele for short plants (t). The gene for smooth peas (S) is
dominant over its allele for wrinkled peas (s). The genes are not linked. Calculate both phenotypic and genotypic
ratios for the results of each of the following crosses:
a. TtSs x TtSs
TS Ts tS ts Genotypic Ratio:
T TTSS TTSs TtSS TtSs 1TTSS: 2TtSs: 2TtSS: 4TtSs: 1TTss: 2Ttss: 1ttSS: 2ttSs: 1 ttss
S
Phenotypic Ratio:
Ts TTSs TTss TtSs Ttss 9TS: 3Ts: 3tS: 1ts
tS TtSS TtSs ttSS ttSs
ts TtSs Ttss ttSs ttss
b. Ttss x ttss
Ts Ts Ts ts
Genotypic Ratio:
ts Ttss Ttss Ttss ttss 8 Ttss : 8 ttss or 1:1
ts Ttss Ttss Ttss ttss
ts Ttss Ttss Ttss ttss Phenotypic Ratio:
ts Ttss Ttss Ttss ttss 8 Ts : 8 ts or 1:1
c. ttSs x Ttss
ts ts tS ts Genotypic Ratio:
Ts Ttss Ttss TtSs Ttss 4TtSs : 4 Ttss : 4 ttSs : 4 ttss
Ts Ttss Ttss TtSs Ttss
Phenotypic Ratio:
ts ttss ttss ttSs ttss 4 TS : 4 Ts : 4 tS : 4 ts
ts ttss ttss ttSs ttss
2. In a particular species of flower, tall is dominant to short, and orange petals are dominant to the recessive white
color. Use T and t to symbolize the alleles for height, and F and to symbolize the alleles for flower color. A
homozygous tall white flower is crossed with a flower heterozygous for both traits. List the genotypes of the parents.
What are the F1 genotypic and phenotypic ratios?
Tf Tf Tf Tf
T TTFf TTFf TTFf TTF
F f
Tf TTff TTff TTff TTff
tF TtFf TtFf TtFf TtFf
tf Ttff Ttff Ttff Ttff
TTff x TtFf
Genotypic Ratio:
4TTFf : 4 TTff : 4 TtFf : 4 Ttff or 1:1:1:1
Phenotypic Ratio:
8 Tf : 8 TF or 1:1

Gono, Kenneth L. STEM 12-YA-22 Activity #4 - Mendelian Genetics Problems A. Monohybrid Crosses

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Gono, Kenneth L.

Activity #4 – MENDELIAN GENETICS PROBLEMS

b. If self-pollination is allowed, what is the phenotypic ratio for the F2 generation?

e. What will be the probable distribution of traits in the F2 generation? (Illustrate

Yes, if their parents were heterozygous.

S= short hair short hair is the dominant trait.

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