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    Chapter 31: Fungi Study Guide

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    Madeline Jensen
    This document is a study guide for Chapter 31 on fungi. It contains questions about the evolution of fungi, their distinctive features and structures, modes of reproduction, importance in ecosystems through symbiotic relationships, roles in food industries, and dangers of some mycotoxins. Fungi are most closely related to nuclearia and their cells have chitin-containing walls and feed via osmotrophy. They reproduce both sexually through mating of haploid mycelia and asexually via spores. Fungi play important ecological roles in decomposition and symbioses like mycorrhizae with plants. They are also used industrially in producing foods and have both beneficial and toxic secondary metabolites.

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    Chapter 31: Fungi Study Guide

    Uploaded by

    Madeline Jensen
    54 views2 pages
    This document is a study guide for Chapter 31 on fungi. It contains questions about the evolution of fungi, their distinctive features and structures, modes of reproduction, importance in ecosystems through symbiotic relationships, roles in food industries, and dangers of some mycotoxins. Fungi are most closely related to nuclearia and their cells have chitin-containing walls and feed via osmotrophy. They reproduce both sexually through mating of haploid mycelia and asexually via spores. Fungi play important ecological roles in decomposition and symbioses like mycorrhizae with plants. They are also used industrially in producing foods and have both beneficial and toxic secondary metabolites.

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    BIOL1402_Ch31 Study Guide

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    This document is a study guide for Chapter 31 on fungi. It contains questions about the evolution of fungi, their distinctive features and structures, modes of reproduction, importance in ecosystems through symbiotic relationships, roles in food industries, and dangers of some mycotoxins. Fungi are most closely related to nuclearia and their cells have chitin-containing walls and feed via osmotrophy. They reproduce both sexually through mating of haploid mycelia and asexually via spores. Fungi play important ecological roles in decomposition and symbioses like mycorrhizae with plants. They are also used industrially in producing foods and have both beneficial and toxic secondary metabolites.

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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    54 views2 pages

    Chapter 31: Fungi Study Guide

    Uploaded by

    Madeline Jensen
    This document is a study guide for Chapter 31 on fungi. It contains questions about the evolution of fungi, their distinctive features and structures, modes of reproduction, importance in ecosystems through symbiotic relationships, roles in food industries, and dangers of some mycotoxins. Fungi are most closely related to nuclearia and their cells have chitin-containing walls and feed via osmotrophy. They reproduce both sexually through mating of haploid mycelia and asexually via spores. Fungi play important ecological roles in decomposition and symbioses like mycorrhizae with plants. They are also used industrially in producing foods and have both beneficial and toxic secondary metabolites.

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    BIOL1402

    Dr. D’Brot
    Chapter 31: Fungi Study Guide

    Indentation on the list below represents evolutionary groups.

     OPISTHOKONTA (SUPERGROUP)
    o Nuclearia (protist phylum)
    o Fungi

    A. Evolution of Fungi
    a. Phylogeny/evolutionary relationships
     What is the closest living relative of fungi?
     What are synapormorphies of fungi?
     What are fungal cell walls made of?
     What is chitin?
     How does eating compare between fungi and Nuclearia?
     Why can’t fungi do phagocytosis like Nuclearia?
     What is osmotrophy?
     What prevents fungi cells from bursting due to osmotic pressure?
     What opisthokont feature is lost in most fungi?
     What are the most recent phyla of fungi, evolutionarily speaking?
     Common example of Basidiomycota?
     Common example of Ascomycota?
    B. Distinctive Features of Fungi
    a. Structure
     What is a mycelium?
     Are mycelia diploid or haploid?
     What are hyphae?
     What are hyphae used for?
     What are fruiting bodies?
     Are fruiting bodies diploid or haploid?
    b. Growth
     How do fungi spread through a substrate?
     What is hyphal tip growth?
     How do hyphae cells add more cell wall to the extending tip?
    c. Reproduction
     What are three ways of asexual reproduction?
     What’s an example of a fungus that reproduces using asexual spores?
     What’s an example of a fungus that reproduces using budding?
     Do fungi have sperm and eggs? How do fungi sexually reproduce?
     What is the advantage of sexual reproduction?
     What kind of cells are produced when Basidiomycota mycelia mate?
     What gives rise to the fruiting body of Basidiomycota?
     What reproductive cells do fruiting bodies produce?
     What cell division process gives rise to these genetically diverse cells?
    C. Importance
    a. Ecosystem
     What important role do fungi play in the ecosystem?
    b. Mutualistic Symbiosis
     What are two examples of fungal symbiotic relationships?
     How do fungi benefit from plants in mycorrhizae?
     How do plants benefit from fungi in mycorrhizae?
     How do fungi benefit from algae in lichen?
     Why can lichen survive in harsh environments?
    c. Food industry
     What fungus is used to make bread, beer and wine?
     How is this fungus used to make these products?
    d. Mycotoxins
     What function do mycotoxins serve in fungi?
     What medically beneficial mycotoxin is made by P.chrysogenum?
     What mycotoxin can cause liver cancer if consumed?
     What is the danger in foraging for mushrooms?

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