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    Lab Session 3: Basics of Java Programming Language (2) Objective

    Uploaded by

    Amanuel Getachew
    The objective of the lab session is to differentiate between instance and static members of a class, primitive and reference data types, and to use the Math and Date classes in Java. The document provides examples of using static and non-static methods and variables in classes, and examples of built-in Math methods and important Date class methods for formatting and manipulating dates. It also includes exercises for students to write Java code demonstrating concepts from the document.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Lab Session 3: Basics of Java Programming Language (2) Objective

    Uploaded by

    Amanuel Getachew
    34 views5 pages
    The objective of the lab session is to differentiate between instance and static members of a class, primitive and reference data types, and to use the Math and Date classes in Java. The document provides examples of using static and non-static methods and variables in classes, and examples of built-in Math methods and important Date class methods for formatting and manipulating dates. It also includes exercises for students to write Java code demonstrating concepts from the document.

    Original Description:

    Lab session 3 java

    Original Title

    OOP_Lab_session_3(1)

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    The objective of the lab session is to differentiate between instance and static members of a class, primitive and reference data types, and to use the Math and Date classes in Java. The document provides examples of using static and non-static methods and variables in classes, and examples of built-in Math methods and important Date class methods for formatting and manipulating dates. It also includes exercises for students to write Java code demonstrating concepts from the document.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    34 views5 pages

    Lab Session 3: Basics of Java Programming Language (2) Objective

    Uploaded by

    Amanuel Getachew
    The objective of the lab session is to differentiate between instance and static members of a class, primitive and reference data types, and to use the Math and Date classes in Java. The document provides examples of using static and non-static methods and variables in classes, and examples of built-in Math methods and important Date class methods for formatting and manipulating dates. It also includes exercises for students to write Java code demonstrating concepts from the document.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Lab session 3: Basics of Java Programming Language [2]

    Objective

    The objective of lab session 3 is


     To differentiate instance and static member of the class
     To differentiate primitive and reference data-type
     To use Math and Date classes in Java

    Pre-lab Exercise

    1. Which of these cannot be declared static?


    A. Class C. Object
    B. Variable D. Method
    2. Which of the following statements are incorrect?
    A. Static methods can call other static methods only
    B. Static methods must only access static data
    C. Static methods can not refer to this or super in any way
    D. When object of class is declared, each object contains its own copy of static
    variables
    3. Which of these methods must be made static?
    A. main() C. delete()
    B. run() D. finalize()

    4. What will be the output of the following Java code?


    class access
    {
    public int x;
    static int y;
    void cal(int a, int b)
    {
    x += a ;
    y += b;
    }
    }
    class static_specifier
    {
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
    access obj1 = new access();
    access obj2 = new access();
    obj1.x = 0;
    obj1.y = 0;
    obj1.cal(1, 2);

    1|Page
    obj2.x = 0;
    obj2.cal(2, 3);
    System.out.println(obj1.x + " " + obj2.y);
    }
    }

    5. What will be the output of the following Java program?


    class static_out
    {
    static int x;
    static int y;
    void add(int a , int b)
    {
    x = a + b;
    y = x + b;
    }
    }
    class static_use
    {
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
    static_out obj1 = new static_out();
    static_out obj2 = new static_out();
    int a = 2;
    obj1.add(a, a + 1);
    obj2.add(5, a);
    System.out.println(obj1.x + " " + obj2.y);
    }
    }

    6. What will be the output of the following Java program?


    class Student
    {
    String name;
    String checkMyName()
    {
    return name;
    }
    }
    class static_use
    {
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
    Student stud1 = new Student();
    stud1.name = "Meron";
    System.out.println("Student1 name is:" + stud1.checkMyName());
    Student stud2 = stud1;
    Stud2.name = "Abdu";
    System.out.println("Student2 name is:" + stud2.checkMyName());
    }
    }

    2|Page
    Math & Data and Time Class

    Methods in Math class are used to perform basic operations such as the elementary
    exponential, logarithm, square root, and trigonometric functions.
    As such, the java.lang.Math class provides us access to many of these functions. The
    table below lists some of the more common among these.
    Method Description Arguments
    Abs Returns the absolute value of the argument Double, float, int, long
    Round Returns the closed int or long (as per the argument) double or float
    Ceil Returns the smallest integer that is greater than or equal to Double
    the argument
    Floor Returns the largest integer that is less than or equal to the Double
    argument
    Min Returns the smallest of the two arguments Double, float, int, long
    max Returns the largest of the two arguments Double, float, int, long

    Exponential and Logarithmic methods

    Method Description Arguments


    exp Returns the base of natural log (e) to the power of argument Double
    Log Returns the natural log of the argument double
    Pow Takes 2 arguments as input and returns the value of the first Double
    argument raised to the power of the second argument
    floor Returns the largest integer that is less than or equal to the Double
    argument
    Sqrt Returns the square root of the argument Double

    Java provides the Date class available in java.util package; this class encapsulates the
    current date and time.
    The Date class supports two constructors
     Date(): this constructor initializes the object with the current date and time.
     Date(long millisec): this constructor accepts an argument that equals the number
    of milliseconds that have elapsed since midnight, January 1, 1970.

    import java.util.Date;
    public class DateDemo {

    public static void main(String args[]) {


    // Instantiate a Date object
    Date date = new Date();

    // display time and date using toString()


    System.out.println(date.toString());
    }
    }

    3|Page
    Important Methods
     boolean after(Date date) : Tests if current date is after the given date.
     boolean before(Date date) : Tests if current date is before the given date.
     int compareTo(Date date) : Compares current date with given date. Returns 0 if
    the argument Date is equal to the Date; a value less than 0 if the Date is before
    the Date argument; and a value greater than 0 if the Date is after the Date
    argument.
     long getTime() : Returns the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00
    GMT represented by this Date object.
     void setTime(long time) : Changes the current date and time to given time.

    Date Formatting Using SimpleDateFormat


    SimpleDateFormat (java.text.*) is a concrete class for formatting and parsing dates in a
    locale-sensitive manner. SimpleDateFormat allows you to start by choosing any user-
    defined patterns for date-time formatting.

    import java.util.*;
    import java.text.*;

    public class DateDemo {

    public static void main(String args[]) {


    Date dNow = new Date( );
    SimpleDateFormat ft =
    new SimpleDateFormat ("E yyyy.MM.dd 'at' hh:mm:ss a");
    System.out.println("Current Date: " + ft.format(dNow));
    }
    }

    Simple DateFormat Format Codes


    Character Description Example
    Y Year in four digits 2021
    M Month in year July or 07
    d Day in month 04
    h Hour in AM/PM (1-12) 12
    H Hour in day (0-23) 22
    m Minutes in hour 30
    s Second in minutes 55
    S Millisecond 234
    E Day in week Wednesday
    D Day in year 360
    w Week in year 40
    W Week in month 1
    A AM/PM marker PM

    4|Page
    In-lab Exercise

    7. Write a Java program to accept a float value of number and return a rounded float
    value.
    8. Calculate the value of 2.5 raised to the power of 3, using the pow method.
    9. (Displaying an integer reversed) Write the following method to display an integer in
    reverse order:
    public static void reverse(int number)
    For example, reverse (3456) displays 6543. Write a test program that prompts the user to
    enter an integer and displays its reversal.
    10. Write a Java program to display the dates in the specified formats.
    Sample Format:
    Current date: 2021/08/03
    Current date: 03-08-2021

    Post-lab Exercise

    11. (Math: approximating the square root) Implement the sqrt method. The square root of a
    number, num, can be approximated by repeatedly performing a calculation using the
    following formula:
    nextGuess = (lastGuess + (num / lastGuess)) / 2
    When nextGuess and lastGuess are almost identical, nextGuess is the approximated
    square root.
    The initial guess can be any positive value (e.g., 1). This value will be the starting value for
    lastGuess. If the difference between nextGuess and lastGuess is less than a very small
    number, such as 0.0001, you can claim that nextGuess is the approximated square root
    of num. If not, nextGuess becomes lastGuess and the approximation process continues.

    5|Page

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