NUCLEAR PHYSICS JEE-ADV PHYSICS- VOL- V

MASS DEFECT, BINDING ENEGRY,

C.U.Q PACKING FRACTIONAND MASS ENERGY
COMPOSITION OF NUCLEUS, ISOTOPES, RELATION
ISOBARS, ISOTONES SIZE OF THE 12. M,Mn & Mp denotes the masses of a nucleus
of ZXA a neutron, and a proton respectively.
NUCLEUS
1. The particle A is converted to C via following If the nucleus is separated in to its individual
reactions then protons and neutrons then
A  B + 2He4 B  C + 2-1e0 1) M=(A-Z)Mn+ZMp 2) M=ZMn+(A-Z)Mp
1) A and C are isobars 2) A and C are isotopes 3) M>(A-Z)Mn+ZMp 4) M<(A-Z)Mn+ZMp
3) A and B are isobars4) A and B are isotopes 13. The difference between the mass of a nucleus
2. The particles which can be added to the nucleus
of an atom without changing its chemical and the combined mass of its nucleons is
properties are 1) zero 2) positive
1) electrons 2) protons 3) neutrons 4) positron 3) negative 4) zero, positive or negative
3. The radius of the nuclues is proportional to, 14. The mass number of a nucleus is
(if A is the atomic mass number) 1) Always less than atomic number
1) A 2) A3 3) A1/3 4) A2/3 2) Always more than atomic number
4. The radius of a nucleus mainly depends on
1) Proton number 2) Electron Number 3) Equal to atomic number
3) Mass number 4) Neutron number 4) Sometimes more or equal to atomic number.
15. If M is atomic weight , A is mass number
5. The nuclei 6 C13 & 7 N14 can be described as then (M-A)/A represent
1) isotones 2) isobars 3) isomers 4) isotopes 1) Mass defect 2) Packing fraction
6. The graph of  n (R/ R 0 ) versus  n A 3) Binding Energy 4) Chain Reaction
(R =radius ) of nucleus. A is atomic number is 16. The difference between mass of the nucleus
1) Straight line 2) Parabola 3) Ellipse 4) Circle and total mass of its constituents is called
7. The nucleus of 56Ba141 contains 1) Packing fraction 2) Mass defect
1) 85 protons, 56 neutrons
2) 55 protons ,86 neutrons 3) Binding energy
3) 56 protons,85 neutrons 4) Binding energy per neucleon
4) 86 protons,55neutrons. 17. The parameter used to measure the stability
8. The nuclear size is measured in units of of the nucleus is
1) Angstrom 2) Fermi 3) Bar 4) Light-year 1) Average binding energy2) No of protons
9. Nuclides which have the same mass number 3) No of neutrons 4) No of electrons
are called (NCERT) 18. When the number of nucleons in a nuclues
1) Isotopes 2) Isobars 3) Isotones 4) Isomars
increases the binding energy per nucleon
10. Observe the following statements regarding
1) Increase continuously with mass number
isotones i) 39 K19 and 40 Ca20 are isotones
2) Decreases continuously with mass number
ii) Nuclides having different atomic numbers
(z) and mass number (A) but same number of 3) Remains constant with mass number
neutrons (n) are called Isotones iii) 1 9 F9 and 4) First increases and then decreases with
increase in mass number
23
Na11 are isotones The correct answer is
1) i,ii and iii are correct 2) only i and ii are correct 19. Maximum value of binding energy per nucleon
3) only i and iii are correct 4) only ii and iii are correct for most stable nuclei is
11. A and B are isotopes. B and C are isobars. All 1) 8MeV 2) 8.8MeV 3) 7.6MeV 4) 1.1MeV
three are radioactive. Which one of the 20. The binding energy per nucleon is maximum
following is true. at A=56 and its value is around_Mev/ Nucleon
1) A, B and C must belong to the same element 1) 8.4 2) 8.7 3) 9 4) 7.8
2) A, B and C may belong to the same element
21. Average binding energy per nucleon over a
3) It is possible that A will change to B through a
radioactive-decay process wide range is
4) It is possible that B will change to C through a 1) 8MeV 2) 8.8MeV 3) 7.6MeV 4) 1.1MeV
radioactive-decay process
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22. The wrong statement about binding energy is 30. Identify the correct statement/statements
1) It is the sum of the rest mass energies of a) Radiation causes genetic mutation
nucleons minus the rest mass energy of the nucleus. b) Restriction in blood circulation can be
2) It is the energy released when the nucleons detected using radio-iodine
combine to form a nucleus. c) Hydrocarbon plastics are used as
3) It is the energy required to break a given nucleus moderators in a nuclear reactor
into its constituent nucleons. d) The damage caused due to  -radiation is
4) It is the sum of the kinetic energies of all the small due to its small penetrating power
nucleons in the nucleus. 1) a,b,c 2) a,c,d 3) b,c,d 4) a,b,d
23. The binding energies of a deutron and an  - 31. Identify the correct ascending order of  , 
particle are 1.125, 7.2 MeV/nucleon and  with reference to their ionizing power
respectively. The more stable of the two, is I)  -ray II)  -ray III)  -ray
1) deutron 2)  -particle
1) II,III,I 2) I,III,II 3) II,I,III 4) I,II,III
3) both
32. Two identical nuclei A and B of the same
4) sometimes deutron and sometimes  -particle
24. Mass defect of an atom refers to radioactive element undergo b  decay. A
1) inaccurate measurement of mass of neutrons emits a b  particle and changes to A'. B emits
2) mass annihilated to produce energy to bind the
nucleons a b  particle and then a g –photon
3) packing fraction immediately afterwards, and changes to B'.
4) difference in the number of neutrons and 1) A' and B' have the same atomic number and
protons in the nucleus mass number
25. The stability of a nucleus can be measured by 2) A' and B' have the same atomic number and
1) Average binding energy different mass numbers
2) Packing fraction 3) A' and B' have different atomic numbers but the
3) Ratio of number of neutrons and protons same mass number
4) All the above. 4) A' and B' are isotopes
26. In a nuclear reaction some mass converts into 33. Identify the correct ascending order of  , 
energy. In this reaction total B.E of reactants and  with reference to their penetrating
when compared with that of products is
power
1) always greater 2) always les
3) either greater or less 4) always equal I)  -ray II)  -ray III)  -ray
1) II,III,I 2) II,I,III
RADIOACTIVITY,  ,  ,  RAYS, HALF
3) I,II,III 4) III,I,II
LIFE, MEAN LIFE, DECAY CONSTANT
34. If a beam consisting of  ,  and  radiation
27. The age of pottery is determined by
archeologists using a radioisotope of is passed through an electric field
1) carbon 2) cobalt 3) iodine 4) phosphorus perpendicular to the beam, the deflections
28. During an artificial transmutation the nucleus suffered by the components, in decreasing
emits order, are
1)  -particles 1)  ,  ,  2)  ,  ,  3)  ,  ,  4)  ,  , 
2)  -particles 35. Decrease in atomic number is observed during
3)always neutrons A)  -emission B)  -emission
4) may emit protons or neutrons C) Positron emission D) electron capture
29. When two deuterium nuclei fuse together to 1) B is correct
form a tritium nucleus, we get a 2) A and B are correct
1) neutron 2) deuteron 3) A,C and D are correct
3) alpha particle 4) proton 4) Only C

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36. When 15 P 30 decays to become 14 Si 30 ,the 48. 92 U
238
 82Pb 206  8 42 He . The number of 
particle released is particles released in this reaction is
1) electron 2)  -particle 1) 6 2) 3 3) 1 4) 10
3) neutron 4) positron 49. The activity in any nucleus is measured in
37. During   - decay, a neutron inside nucleus 1) Curie 2) Rutherford
converts into proton, electron and x. Then the 3) Both 1 &2 4) Newton
particle x is 50. The  -particles are
1)   - meson 2) neutrons 1) high energy electrons
2) positively charged hydrogen ions
3) anti-neutrino 4)   -meson 3) high energy  -radiation
38. If a nucleus emits a gamma-ray, its atomic and 4) doubly positively charged helium nuclei
mass number____ but there will be ___in the 51.  -particles carries
energy of the nucleus.Select suitable pair 1) Mass 1 2) Mass 2 3) Mass 3 4) Mass 4
1) Remain same, increase 52. At a specific instant, the emission of radio
2) Remain same, decrease active compound is deflected in a magnetic
3) Decrease, increase field. The compound can emit
4) increase, decrease i) electrons ii) Positrons
39. In the following nuclear reaction iii) He  2 iv) neutrons
13
Al27+2He4  15P30+X,X will be
1) i,ii,iii 2) i,ii,iii,iv 3) iv 4) ii,iii
1) Proton 2) Electron
53. The atomic number (A ) and mass number (M)
3) Neutron 4)  -particle
40. In nuclear reaction 4Be +2He4-->6C12+X,X will
9 of the nuclide formed where three alpha  
be
and two    particles are emitted from 92
238
U
1) Proton 2) Neutron 3)  -particle 4)  -particle
1) A  87, M  233 2) A  86, M  226
41. In nuclear reaction 2 He 4  z X A  z  2 Y A  3 R R
3) A =88, M = 227 4) A = 88, M = 226
denotes
54. Element ZM A emits one  (alpha) particle
1) electron 2) positron 3) proton 4) neutron
42. A positron is emitted by radioactive nucleus followed by two  (beta) particles. Among the
of proton no 90. The product nucleus will have following the daughter element is
proton number 1) Z 2 M A4 2) MA
Z 2
1) 91 2) 90 3) 89 4) 88 A4
43. 13Al27 +  -particle  neutron +’X’ then ‘X’ 3) Z M A  4 4) Z2 M
is 55. Particles which can be added to the nucleus
1) 15p31 2) 14Si30 3) 15p30 4) 15Si30 of an atom without changing its chemical
44. The penentrating power of beta particle properties are called.
compared to alpha particle is 1) Neutrons 2) Electrons
1) Less 2) More 3) Protons 4) Alpha Particles
3) Equal 4) Can be more or less 56. An Electric field can deflect
45. In a nuclear reactor , heavy water is used as a 1)  - particles 2) X - rays
1) Controlling material 2) Moderator 3) Neutrons 4)  - rays
3) Fuel 4) Heat exchanger 57. On the bombardment of Boron with neutron,
46. The units of radioactivity is  - particle is emitted and product nucleus
1) Fermi 2) Farad 3) Curie 4) Hertz formed is ...............
47. The half-life of a radioactive isotope is 3 hours. 1) 6C12 2) 2Li6 3) Li 8 4) 4Be9
3
The value of its disintegration constant is 58. The one has maximum activity
1) 0.3 hour-1 2) 0.693 hour-1 1) Uranium 2) Plutonium
3) 0.231 hour-1 4) 0.231 min-1 3) Radium 4) Thorium
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59. Among the following one is not emitted by a 68. A fraction f1 of a radioactive sample decays
radioactive substance
in one mean life, and a fraction f 2 decays in
1) Electrons 2)  - rays 3) Positron 4) Protons
228 212
one half-life.
60. 90 Th 83 Bi     . the number of  and
1) f1  f 2 2) f1  f 2 3) f1  f 2
 particals given out during the process are 4) May be (a), (b) or (c) depending on the values
1) 4 , 7  2) 4 ,1 3) 4 4) 7  of the mean life and half-life.
61. The reciprocal of radioactive decay constant
is called
NUCLEAR FORCES
1) Half life period 2) Whole life period 69. The short range attractive nuclear forces that
3) Average life period 4) Avagadro number are responsible for the binding of nucleons in
62. The missing particle in the reaction a nucleus are supposed to be caused by the
1
1 p 
  0
e
1
role played by the particles called
1) Positron 2) m-Meson
1) deuteron 2) proton 3) neutron 4)  - particle
3)K-Meson 4)  - Meson
63. In the Radioactive transformation 70. The strong interaction exists in
  
R  X  Y  Z ; the neuclii R and 1) Gravitational forces
Z are 2) Electrostatic force of attraction
1) Isotopes 2) Isobars 3) Isomers 4) Isotones 3) Nuclear forces
64. In the reaction 15 P 30 14 Si 30 , The change 4) Magnetic force on a moving charge
71. Nuclear forces are
requires the emission of
1) Non-central forces 2) saturated
1)  - particle 2)  -particle 3) Spin dependent 4) All the above
3) neutron 4) positron 72. Identify the correct statement/statements
65. When a radioactive substance is subjected to a) At greater distances nuclear forces are
a vacuum, the rate of disintegration per second negligible
1) increases considerably 2) is not affected b) Nuclear forces are non central forces
3) increases only if the products are gases c) Nuclear forces are weakest in nature
4) suffers a slight decrease d) Nuclear forces are charge dependent forces
66. A radioactive nuclide can decay 1) a, b 2) b, c 3) c, d 4) a, d
simultaneously by two different processes 73. Which of the following is not correct about
which have decay constants 1 and 2 . The nuclear forces?
effective decay constant of the nuclide is  . 1) They are short range attractive forces
2) They are independent of charge
1 3) They change to repulsion at very close distance
1)   1  2 2)    1  2 
2 4) They obey inverse square law
1 1 1 74. Among the following, short range, charge
3)      4)   12 independent and spin dependent forces are
1 2
1) Gravitational forces 2) Nuclear forces
67. A sample of radioactive material is used to 3) Electromagnetic forces 4) Weak forces
provide desired doses of radiation for medical 75. Let Fpp,Fpn and Fnn denote the magnitudes of
purposes. The total time for which the sample
the nuclear force by a proton on a proton ,by a
can be used will depend
proton on a neutron and by a neutron on a
1) only on the number of times radiation is drawn
neutron respectively when the separation is
from it
less than one fermi, then (2008 E)
2) only on the intensity of doses drawn from it
1) Fpp>Fpn=Fnn 2) Fpp=Fpn=Fnn
3) on both (a) and (b)
4) neither on (a) nor on (b) 3) Fpp>Fpn>Fnn 4) Fpp<Fpn=Fnn

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76. Two protons are kept at a seperation of 85. The average life of an isolated neutron is
10nm.Let Fn be the nuclear force and Fe be 1) 1500 s 2) 1000 s 3) 1200 s 4) 3 minutes
electrostatic force between them. Then 86. The energy of thermal neutrons is
1) Fe=Fn 2) Fe>>Fn 3) Fe<<Fn 4) Fn= 3Fe 1) < 1 ev 2) > 1 ev 3) = 2 Mev4)= 4 Mev
77. Two nucleons are at a separation of 87. A nucleus with an excess of neutrons may
1x10–15m. The net force between them is F1 if decay with the emission of
both are neutrons, F2 if both are protons and 1) a neutron 2) a proton
F3 if one is a proton and other is a neutron. In 3) an electron 4) a positron
such a case 88. The most penetrating atom smashing particle
1) F2>F1>F3 2) F1=F2>F3 is
3) F1=F2=F3 4) F1=F3>F2 1) neutron 2) proton
78. Two protons attract each other when 3) alpha particle 4) deuteron
1) the distance between them is 10-10 m
89. Which of the followig is formed by decay of a
2) the distance between them is 10-1 m
free neutron?
3) the distance between them is 10-15 m
1) A number of electrons 2) Two Protons
4) the distance between them is 10-6 m
3) A proton and an electron 4) An  - particle
79. Among gravitational,electrostatic and nuclear
90. In neutron discovery experiment Beryllium
forces,the two attractive forces between two
neutrons are target is bombarded by
1) Electrostatic and nuclear 1) Protons 2) Alpha particles
2) Electrostatic and gravitational 3) Neutrons 4) Deutrons
3) Gravitational and nuclear 4) Electrostatic 91. Slow neutrons are sometimes refer to as
80. Among the following interactions one is of thermal neutrons because
least significant in nuclear physics is 1) they are sort of heat radiations
1) nuclear interaction 2) they are in thermal equilibrium
2) gravitational interaction 3) they are capable of generating heat
3) electrostatic interaction 4) their energies are of same order as that of
4) electromagnetic interaction molecular energies at ambient temperatures.
81. The origin of nuclear force between nucleons 92. Thermal neutrons are
is due to the exchange of 1) Prompt neutrons 2) Slow neutrons
1) Mesons 2) Photons 3) Positrons 4) Electrons 3) Neutrons which are in the nucleus
4) Neutrons from the sun
DISCOVERY OF NEUTRON
93. In neutron discovery experiment, Be is
82. Which of the following particles is most bombarded with
unstable? 1) Proton 2) Deutrons
1) Neutron 2) Proton 3) Electron 4)  particle 3)  -particle 4)  -particle
83. A free neutron decays spontaneously into:
94. The process of producing a new stable nucleus
1) a proton, an electron and an anti-neutrino
from the other stable nucleus is called
2) a proton, an electron and a neutrino
3) a proton and electron 1) Nuclear reaction 2) Artificial transmutation
4) a proton, an electron, a neutrino and an anti-neutrino 3) Nuclear fusion 4) Nuclear fission
84. Neutron was discovered by the experiment of NUCLEAR FISSION
1) Artificial transmutation of  4 Be

 by  - particles 95. At least how many thermal neutrons should
be available to start a fission reaction
2) Artificial transmutation of   by  -particles
11 1) 2 2) 3 3) 1 4) 4
7N
96. Which of the following changes in the artificial
3) Rutherfored scattering of alpha particles by heavy
transmutation of elements?
nuclei
1) number of neutrons 2) number of electrons
4) Bequerel with radio activity
3) atomic weight 4) nucleus
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97. During the fission process of Uranium,the 108. In a critical chain reaction
amount of energy liberated per fission is nearly 1) energy is released at increasing rate
1) 100MeV 2) 200MeV 3) 150MeV 4) 300MeV 2) energy is released at steady rate
98. The number of neutrons that are released on 3) energy is released at decreasing rate
4) energy is not released
an average during the fission of U235nucleus
109. Among the following one is wrong
is 1) The energy of thermal neutrons is about 25 meV
1) 3 2) 1 3) 2.5 4) 5 2) In a nuclear reactor, when neutrons multiplication
99. Nuclear fisssion can be explained by factor, K = 1 then the reaction is said to be critical
1) Optical model of the nucleus
3) 92 U 235 undergoes fission by bombardment of high
2) Shell model of nucleus
3) Collective model of the nucleus energy neutron
4) On average 2.5 neutrons are emitted per fission of
4) Liquid drop model of the nucleus
100. Percentage of mass lost during the fission of 92U 235
92
U235 approximately is 110. When 1gm of U235 is completely annihilated
1) 0.01% 2) 0.1% 2) 0.7% 4) 0.9% energy liberated is E1 and when 1 gm of U235
101. Most of energy released in the fission is completely undergoes fission the energy
carried by liberated is E2 , then
1) neutrons 1) E1 > E2 2) E1 = E2 3) E1 < E2 4) E1  E2
2) fission fragments 111. In the process of fission, the binding energy
3) neutrons and fragments carry equally per nucleon
4) positrons 1) Increases 2) Decreases
102. Regarding Prompt neutrons 3) Remains unchanged
4) Increases for mass number A < 56 nuclei but
1) They are highly energetic 2) They constitute 99%
decreases for mass number A> 56
3) Cannot initiate chain reaction 112. Assertion (A) : Fragments produced in the
4) 1,2,3 are correct
fission of U 235 are radioactive.
103. Nuclear reactions obey the law of
Reason (R) : The fragments have abnormally
conservation of high proton to neutron ratio
1) Mass and energy 2) Charge 1) Both A and R are true and R is correct
3) Momentum 4) All the above explanation of A
104. The critical mass of a fissionable material is 2) Both A and R are true and R is not correct
1) 0.1kg equivalent explanation of A
2) The minimum mass needed for chain reaction 3) A is true but R is false 4) A is false but R is true
3) The rest mass equivalent to 1020 joule 113. The products of the fission of U235 by thermal
4) 0.5kg neutron are
105. For fast chain reaction, the size of U235 block, 1) Ba 141 and Kr 92 and 3 neutron always
as compared to its critical size, must be 2) Xe 140 , Sr 94 and 2 0n1 always
3) can be different in each fission
1) greater 2) smaller 3) same 4) anything.
4) should have same mass number
106. The critical mass of fissionable uranium-235 114. Consider the following statements A and B.
can be reduced by Identify the correct in the given answer.
1) adding impurities 2)heating material A) p-n; p-p; n-n forces between nucleons are
3) surrounding it by a neutron-reflecting material not equal and charge dependent.
4) surrounding it by a neutron-absorbing material B) In nuclear reactor the fission reaction will
107. Nuclear energy is released in fission since be in accelerating state if the value of neutron
binding energy per nucleon is reproduction factor k>1.
1) smaller for fission fragments than for parent nucleus 1) Both A and B are correct
2) the same for fission fragments and parent nucleus 2) Both A and B are wrong
3) larger for fission fragments than for parent nucleus 3) A is wrong B is correct
4) A is correct B is wrong
4) sometimes larger and sometimes smaller
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115. The process of fission is responsible for the 126. The man-made element which was made in the
release of energy in nuclear reactor is
1) The hydrogen bomb 2) The atom bomb 1) polonium 2) plutonium 3) thorium 4) uranium
3) The sun 4) The star 127. In a fast breeder reactor, the main charm is
116. The working principle in atom bomb is that the nuclear ash is that it is
1) under-critical chain reaction 1) more fissile than parent fuel
2) Critical chain reaction 2) not dangerous as a potential pollutant
3) super-critical chain reaction 4) All the above 3) easily disposed off
117. Heavy water is 4) stable in terms of further decay
1) Water at 40C 128. If “x” gm of a nuclear fuel of mass number
2)Watercontaining various salts “A” undergoes fission inside a reactor then
3) Compound of heavy oxygen and hydrogen the number of fissions will be (N-Avagadro
4) Compound of oxygen and deuterium. number)
118. Nuclear reactor is surrounded by concrete walls 1) NA/x 2) NAx 3) Nx/A 4) Ax/N
to 129. The reactor which produces power due to
1) Strengthen the construction fission by fast neutron and at the same time
2) Control the chain reaction regenerates more fissionable material than it
3) form a protective shield 4) as moderator consumes is
119. The operation of a nuclear reactor is said to 1) Thermal reactor 2) Breeder reactor
be critical, if the multiplication factor (K) has 3) Both the above 4) Neither 1 & 2
a value 130. The reactor in which the number of fissionable
1) 1 2) 1.5 3) 2.1 4) 2.5 nuclides produced are more than the used is
120. Cadmium and Boron rods are used in a called
nuclear reactor to 1) breeder reactor 2) Pressurised reactor
1) Slow down the neutrons 3) Heterogeneous reactor
2) Absorb excess number of thermal neutrons 4) Homogenerous reactor
3) speed up neutrons 4) absorb fast neutrons 131. A good moderator should
121. The coolant in the nuclear reactor is 1) be a gas
1) Liquid sodium 2) cadmium 2) have appetite for neutrons
3) Deuterium 4) Liquid hydrogen 3) be lighter in mass number
122. Substance used to slow down the fast neutrons 4) heavier in mass number
released during nuclear fission is called. 132. Who designed the atomic reactor?
1) Fuel 2) Moderator 1) Wilson 2) Fermi 3) Rutherford 4) Teller
3) Controlling rods 4) Reflecting rods 133. From the following that are conserved in
123. If the neutron reproduction factor K is nuclear reactions are
a) greater than 1 the fission reaction is accelerated 1) mass number and energy
b) less than 1 the fission reaction retards 2) mass number and charge number
c) equal to 1 the fission reaction is at steady state 3) charge number and mass
1)only a,b are true 2)only b,c are true 4) mass number, charge number and energy
3)only a,c are true 4)only a,b,c true 134. (A) Fission is a thermonuclear process
124. Unstable fission fragments decay by emitting (B) Fusion is a thermonuclear process
neutrons and electrons, neutrons so emitted (C) Fusion is exothermic
are called (D) Fission is exothermic
1) prompt nuetrons 2) delayed neutrons Choose the correct answer
3) stray neutrons 4) sustained neutrons 1) A and B are correct
125. Chain reaction can be initiated by 2) B and C are correct
1) prompt neutrons 2) delayed neutrons 3) A and C are correct
3) slowed prompt neutrons 4) 2 or 3 4) B,C and D are correct
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135. Consider the following statements A and B. 145. Average K.E of thermal neutron is of the order
Identify the correct choice in the given answer. of (in KeV)
(A) p-p,p-n,n-n forces between nucleons are 1) 3.0 2) 0.03 3) 0.3 4) 0.003
not equal and charge dependent 146. Inside the sun
(B) In nuclear reactor the fission reaction will 1) Four nuclei of hydrogen combine to form two
be in accelerating state if the value of neutron nuclei of helium
reproduction factor k >1 2) Four nuclei of hydrogen combine to form four
1) Both A and B are correct nuclei of helium
2) Both A and B are wrong 3) Four nuclei of hydrogen combine to form one
3) A is wrong and B is correct nucleus of helium
4) A is correct and B is wrong. 4) Four nuclei of hydrogen is transformed into one
136. A chain reaction in fission of Uranium is nucleus of helium
possible because 147. As the age of star increases
1) Large amount of energy is released 1) Helium quantity increases
2) Two intermediate size nuclear fragments are 2) Helium quantity decreases
formed 3) Helium quantity does not change
3) More than one neutron is given out in each fission 4) Helium, Hydrogen both quantities increases
4) Fragments in fission are radioactive 148. In the carbon cycle of nuclear fusion carbon acts
137. A slow neutron can cause fission in like a
1) U238 2) U235 3) Pb206 4) Sr90 1) Moderator 2) Activator
138. Heavy water is used as moderator in a nuclear 3) Catalyst 4) Controller
reactor. The function of the moderator is 149. In a fusion process a proton and neutron
1) To slow down the neutrons to thermal energies combine to give a deuterium nucleus.If mo and
2) To control the energy released in the reactor mp be the mass of neutron and proton
3) To cool the reactor faster respectively the mass of deuterium nucleus is
4) To absorb neutrons and stop chain reaction 1) equal to mo+mp 2) more than mo+mp
139. To control fission process of the reactor , the 3) less than mo+mp
following material is used_______ 4) can be less than or more than(mo+mp)
1) Graphite 2) Cadmium 3) Gold 4) Uranium 150. The binding energies of the atoms of elements
140. Nuclear fission is caused by P and Q are EP and EQ respectively. Three
1) fast protons 2) fast neutrons atoms of elements Q fuse to form one atom of
3) Slow protons 4) slow neutrons element P. In this process the energy released
141. The liquid drop model of nucleus was proposed is e. The correct relation between EP, EQ and
by e will be
1) Bohr,Wheeler 2) Fermi 1) EQ=3EP+e 2) EQ=3EP-e
3) Rutherford 4) Chadwick 3) EP=3EQ+e 4) EP=3EQ-e
142. In nuclear reactor, Cadmium rods are used as
B.E.
1) Fuel 2) Moderator 151. The for deutron and an  - particle are
3) Control Rods 4) None A
143. The material used to slow neutrons in a X1 and X2 respectively. The energy released
reactor is called in the fusion of deuterium into
1) Controlrod 2) Moderator  -particle is
3) Fuel 4) Heat exchanger X 2  X1
1) 4 (X2-X1) 2) 2 ( X2-X1) 3) 4 (X2+X1) 4)
NUCLEAR FUSION 4
144. Atomic mass of the most useful material for 152. If Q1 and Q2 are the energies released in the
fusion reaction is fusion of hydrogen in Carbon - nitrogen cycle
1) 1 2) 4 3) 235 4) 292. and proton - proton cycle respectively then
1) Q1 > Q2 2) Q1 = Q2 3) Q1 < Q2 4) Q1 > Q2
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 NUCLEAR PHYSICS JEE-ADV PHYSICS- VOL- V
153. Fusion reaction is initiated with the help of 163. In the carbon cycle from which stars hotter
1) low temperature 2) high temperature
3) neutrons 4) any particle than the sun obtain their energy the 6 C12
154. In an exo-ergic reaction the binding energies isotope
of reactants and products are E1, E2 1) splits up into three alpha particles
respectively then 2) fuses with another 6 C12 nucleus to form12 Mg 24
1) E1 <E 2 2) E1 =E 2 3) E1 >E 2 4) E1  E2
3) is completely converted into energy
155. In an endo-ergic reaction the binding energies
4) is regenerated at the end of the cycle
of reactants and products are E1, E2
164. Source of solar energy can be said to be due
respectively
to natural fusion in which hydrogen gets
1) E1 <E 2 2) E1 =E 2 3) E1 >E 2 4) E1  E 2 converted into helium with carbon serving as
156. Among the following reactions which is a natural catalyst. This carbon cycle was
impossible proposed by
1) 2He4+4Be9= 0n1+6C12 2) 2He4+7N14= 1H1+8O17 1) Bethe 2) Yukawa 3) Fermi 4) Soddy
3) 4(1H1) =2He4+2 (-1e0) 4) 3Li7+1H1 = 4Be8 165. In Carbon-Nitrogen fusion cycle , protons are
157. If the nuclei of masses X and Y are fused
fused to form a helium nucleus, positrons and
together to form a nucleus of mass m and
release some energy.The number of protons
some energy is released, then
fused and the number of positrons released
1) X+Y=m 2) X+Y<m 3) X+Y> m 4) X-Y=m
158. Fusion reactions take place at about in this process respectively are
1) 4,4 2) 4,2 3) 2,4 4) 4,6
1) 3  102 K 2) 3  103 K
166. Nuclear fission and fusion can be explained
3) 3  104 K 4) 3  106 K on the basis of ____
159. The percentage of mass lost during nuclear 1) Einstein theory of relativity
fusion is 2) Einstein specific heat equation
1) 0.1% 2) 0.4% 3) 0.5% 4) 0.65% 3) Einstein mass-energy relation
160. Nuclear fusion requires high temperature 4) Einstein photo electric equation
because
167. Energy in the sun is due to
1) All nuclear reactions absorb heat
2) The particles can not come together unless they 1) Fossil fuels 2) Radioactivity
are moving rapidly 3) Fission 4) Fusion
3) The binding energy must be supplied from an 168. The overall process of carbon nitrogen fusion
external source cycle results in the fusion of 4 protons to yield
4) The mass defect must be supplied helium nucleus and ---
161. Among the following true option is 1) positron 2) two electrons
1) Energy released per nucleon is same in both 3) two positrons 4) An electron.
fission and fusion reactions 169. The nucleus finally formed in fusion of protons
2) Energy released per nucleon is more in fission in proton-proton cycle is that of
than in fusion reaction 1) Heavy hydrogen 2) Carbon
3) Energy released per nucleon is less in fission
3) Helium 4) Lithium
than in fusion reaction
4) No energy is released in fusion reaction 170. 41H1  2 He4  2e   26MeV . The above
162. Fusion reaction take place at high temperature reaction represents .......
because 1) Fusion 2) Fission
1) atoms are ionized at high temperature
3) b-decay 4) g-decay
2) molecules break up at high temperatures
171. The source of stellar energy is __process
3) nuclei break up at high temperature
4) kinetic energy is high enough to overcome 1) Nuclear fission 2) Nuclear fusion
repulsion between nuclei 3) Nuclear fission&fusion 4) Nuclear decay

138 NARAYANAGROUP
 JEE-ADV PHYSICS- VOL- V NUCLEAR PHYSICS
172. Fusion reaction takes place at very high 181. In pair annihilation two  -ray photons are
temperature because. produced it is due to
1) atoms are ionised at high temperatures. 1) Law of conservation of energy
2) molecules breakup at high temperature. 2) Law of conservation of mass
3) nuclei break up at high temperature. 3) Law of conservation of momentum
4) kinetic energy is high enough to overcome 4) Law of conservation of angular momentum
repulsion between nuclei 182. In pair annihilation the least number of  - ray
173. In the carbon cycle, from which stars hotter photons produced is
than the sun obtain their energy the 6 C12 1)2 2)3 3)4 4)1
isotope 183. The number of protons, electrons and neutrons
1) splits into three alpha particles
in the nucleus of 13Al27 is
2) fuse with another 6C12 nucleus to form 12 Mg 24
1) 13, 13, 14 2) 13, 0, 14
3) is completely converted into energy.
3) 14,14, 13 4) 14, 0, 13
4) is regenerated at the end of the cycle.
39
PAIR PRODUCTION & PAIR 184. 19 K and 4020 Ca are

ANNIHILATION 1) Isotopes 2) Isobars 3) Isotones 4) Isodiaphers

174. The phenomenon of pair production is 185. K40,Ar40,Ca40 are
1) The production of an electron and a positron 1) Isobars 2) Isotopes 3) Isotones 4) Isogonals
from  radiations 186. Of the following atoms
14 13 236
2) Ejection of an electron from a metal surface 6 C , 7N , 88Ra , 7N14 , 8 O16 and 86 Rn232 a pair of
when exposed to ultraviolet light isobars is :
3) Ejection of an electron from a nucleus 1) 6 C11, 7N13 2) 7 N13 , 7N14
4) Ionization of a neutral atom
3) 6 C14 , 7N14 4) 6 C14 , 8 O16
175. When the particle and its antiparticle unite,
the result is 187. Of the following a pair of isotones is
1) a heavier particle 1) 6 C11, 7N13 2) 7 N13 , 7N14
2) two or more smaller particles 3) photons 3) 6 C14 , 7N14 4) 6 C14 , 8 O16
4) partly matter and partly photons.
188. Of the following a pair of isotopes is
176. Particles and their antiparticles have
1) The same masses but opposite spins 1) 6 C11, 7N13 2) 7 N13 , 7N14
2) The same masses but opposite magnetic moment 3) 6 C14 , 7N14 4) 6 C14 , 8 O16
3)The same masses and same magnetic moment 189. Of the following a pair of isodiaphers is
4) Opposite spins and same magnetic moment
1) 88 Ra236 , 86Ra232 2) 7 N13 , 7N14
177. To produce pair production, the minimum
energy of  -ray should be (in MeV) 3) 6 C14 ,7 N14 4) 6 C14 , 8 O16
1) 0.15 2) 1 3) 1.02 4) 1.5 ASSERTION & REASONS
178. The rest mass energy of electron or positron
These Questions consist of two statements
is (in MeV)
each printed as Assretion and Reason. While
1) 0.51 2) 1 3) 1.02 4) 1.5
answering these questions you are required
179. A positron and an electron come close
to choose any one of the following four
together to give a neutral one called
1) Electronium 2) Positronium responses
1) A and R are true and R is the correct
3)  -photon 4)  -particle
explanation of A.
180. Positronium is converted into 2) A and R are true and R is not the correct
1) 2 Photons each of energy 0.51MeV explanation of A.
2) 1 Photon of energy 1.02 MeV 3) A is true, R is false.
3) 2 Photons each of energy 1.02MeV
4) A is false, R is true.
4) One Photon of energy 0.51MeV

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190. (A): Free Neutron decays into proton, electron 196. This question contains Statement -1 and Statement -
and antinuetrino 2. Of the four choice given after the statements,
(R): Neutron is unstable outide the nucleus choose the one that best describes the two
191. (A): Nuclear forces arise from strong statements. (2008-AIEEE)
coulombic interactions between protons and Statement - 1:
neutrons Energy is released when heavy nuclei undergo
(R): Nulear forces are independent of charge fission or light nuclei undergo fusion. and
of the nucleons Statement - II
MATCHING TYPE For heavy nuclei,binding energy per nucleon
192. Match list I with list II increases with increasing Z while for light nuclei
List I List II it decrease with increasing Z.
a) Red dwarfs e) Carbon nitrogen 1) Statement - 1 is false,Statement -2 is true
cycle 2) Statement - 1is true, Statement -2 is true ;
b) stars having higher temperatures f) Isotope of carbon Statement -2 is correct explanation for Statement -1.
c) Blood circulation problems g)proton - proton 3) Statement - 1 is true, Statement -2 is true ;
cycle
Statement -2 is not a correct explanation for
d) Radio carbon dating h)radio sodium
1) a- e, b - g, c - h , d - f 2) a - g, b - e, c - f, d- h statement -1
3) a - g, b - e, c - h, d - f 4) a - f, b - e, c - g , d - h 4) Statement -1 is true, Statement -2 is False.
193. Matching C.U.Q - KEY
List – I List – II
A) K < 1 e) Critical state 1) 2 2) 3 3) 3 4) 3 5) 1 6) 1 7) 3
B) K = 1 f) Sub critical state 8) 2 9) 2 10) 2 11) 4 12) 4 13) 3 14) 4
C) K > 1 g) Super critical 15) 2 16) 2 17) 1 18) 4 19) 2 20) 2 21) 1
1) A  f , B  e , C  g 22) 4 23) 2 24) 2 25) 4 26) 4 27) 1 28) 4
2) A  e , B  f , C  g 29) 4 30) 2 31) 1 32) 1 33) 2 34) 3 35) 3
3) A  g , B  e , C  f 36) 4 37) 3 38) 2 39) 3 40) 2 41) 4 42) 3
4) A  e, B  g C  f 43) 3 44) 2 45) 2 46) 3 47) 3 48) 1 49) 3
194. Matching.
50) 4 51) 4 52) 1 53) 4 54) 3 55) 1 56) 1
List - I List - II
A) Radio Iodine e) Lukamia 57) 4 58) 3 59) 4 60) 2 61) 3 62) 3 63) 1
B) Radio sodium f) age of ancient 64) 4 65) 2 66) 1 67) 4 68) 1 69) 4 70) 3
objects 71) 4 72) 1 73) 4 74) 2 75) 2 76) 3 77) 4
C) Radio phosphorous g) Restriction in 78) 3 79) 3 80) 2 81) 1 82) 1 83) 1 84) 1
blood circulation 85) 2 86) 1 87) 3 88) 1 89) 3 90) 2 91) 4
D) Radio carbon h) Functioning of 92) 2 93) 3 94) 2 95) 3 96) 4 97) 2 98) 3
thyroid gland 99) 4 100) 2 101) 2 102) 4 103) 4 104) 2 105)1
1) A  h , B  g , C  e , D  f 106) 3 107) 3 108) 2 109) 3 110) 1 111) 1 112) 3
2) A  g , B  h , C  f , D  e 113) 3 114) 3 115) 2 116) 3 117) 4 118) 3 119) 1
3) A  h , B  e , C  g , D  f 120) 2 121) 1 122) 2 123) 4 124) 2 125) 4 126)2
4) A  h , B  g , C  f , D  e
127) 1 128) 3 129) 2 130) 1 131) 3 132) 2 133)4
195. Match the following.
List – I List – II 134) 4 135) 3 136) 3 137) 2 138) 1 139) 2 140)4
A) Moderator e) Absorbs heat 141) 1 142) 3 143) 2 144) 1 145) 2 146) 3 147)1
B) Control rods f) Prevent neutrons 148) 3 149) 3 150) 3 151) 1 152) 2 153) 2 154)1
exposed outside 155) 3 156) 3 157) 3 158) 4 159) 4 160) 2 161)3
C) Radiation shielding g) Absorb neutrons 162) 4 163) 4 164) 1 165) 2 166) 3 167) 4 168)3
D) Coolant h) Slow down neutrons 169) 3 170) 1 171) 2 172) 4 173) 4 174) 1 175)3
1) A – h, B – g, C – f, D – e 176) 2 177) 3 178) 1 179) 2 180) 1 181) 3 182)1
2) A – g, B – h, C – f, D – e 183) 2 184) 3 185) 1 186) 3 187) 4 188) 2 189)1
3) A – h, B – g, C – e, D – f 190) 1 191) 4 192) 3 193) 1 194) 1 195) 1 196)4
4) A – h, B – f, C – e, D – g
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8. 1 Kg of iron (specific heat 120 Cal kg-1C-1) is
LEVEL-I (C.W) heated by 10000C. The increase in its mass
SIZE OF THE NUCLEUS is
1. The density of a nucleus in which mass of each 1) Zero 2) 5.6 x 10-8 Kg
-16
3) 5.6 x 10 Kg 4) 5.6 x 10-12 Kg
nucleon is 1.67 10 27 kg and R0  1.4  10 15 m is
9. In nuclear fission, 0.1% mass is converted into
1) 1.453  1017 kg / m3 2) 1.453  1016 kg / m 3 energy. The energy released in the fission of 1Kg
mass is
3) 1.453  10 21 kg / m 3 4) 1.453  1010 kg / m 3
1) 2.5 x 105 KWH 2) 2.5 x 107 KWH
2. r1 and r2 are the radii of atomic nuclei of mass 9
3) 2.5 x 10 KWH 4) 2.5 x 10-7 KWH
numbers 64 and 27 respectively. The ratio
 -DECAY,,   DECAY,,   DECAY
Y
 r1 / r2  is 10. After the emission of one  -particle
1) 64 / 27 2) 27 / 64 3) 4 / 3 4) 1
followed by two  -particles from 238
92 U , the
3. The mass number of a nucleus is 216. The
size of an atom without changing its chemical number of neutrons in the newly formed
properties are called nucleus is
1) 140 2) 142 3) 144 4) 146
1) 7.2  10 13 cm 2) 7.2  1011 cm
11. A radioactive nucleus undergoes a series of
3) 7.2  10 10 cm 4) 3.6  1011 cm decays according to the sequence
  
MASS DEFECT, BINDING ENERGY, A   A1   A2   A3 . If the mass
PACKING FRACTION AND MASS
number and atomic number of A3 are 172 and
ENERGY RELATION
69 respectively, then the mass number and
4. Energy released as mass of 2 amu is atomic number of A is
converted into energy is 1) 56, 23 2) 180, 72 3) 120, 52 4) 84, 38
1) 1.5 x 10-10 J 2) 3 x 10-10 J 12. The number of  and  particles emitted
3) 1863 J 4) 931.5 Mev
in the conversion of 90Th232 to 82Pb208 are
5. A 1 MeV positron encounters a 1 MeV
1) 6, 4 2) 4, 6 3) 8, 6 4) 6, 8
electron travelling in opposite direction. The
total energy released is (in MeV) RADIOACTIVITY, HALF LIFE, MEAN
1) 2 2) 3.02 3) 1.02 4) 2.04 LIFE, DECAY CONSTANT
6. The binding energies of the nuclei A and B are 13. The decay constant of a radio active
Ea and Eb respectively. Three nuclei of the element, which disintegrates to 10 gms from
element B fuse to give one nucleus of element 20 gms in 10 minutes is
‘A’ and an energy ‘Q’ is released. Then 1) 0.693 min 1 2) 6.93 min 1
Ea , Eb , Q are related 3) 0.693 sec 1 4) 0.0693 min 1
1) Ea  3Eb  Q 2) 3Eb  Ea  Q 14. Half life period of radium is 1600 years.
2 gm of radium undergoes decay and gets
3) Ea  3Eb  Q 4) Eb  3Ea  Q reduced to 0.125 gms in
7. The binding energies per nucleon for 1) 3200 years 2) 25600 years
deuterium and helium are 1.1 MeV and 7.0 3) 8000 years 4) 6400 years
MeV respectively. The energy in joules will 15. After a certain lapse of time, the fraction of
be liberated when 106 deuterons take part in radioactive polonium undecayed is found to be
the reaction 12.5% of initial quantity. The duration of this
time lapse is (if the half-life of polonium is 138
1) 18.88103 J 2) 18.88105 J days)
3) 18.88 107 J 4) 18.881010 J 1) 414days 2) 407 days 3) 421 days 4) 410 days

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 NUCLEAR PHYSICS JEE-ADV PHYSICS- VOL- V

16. Two radioactive substances X and Y initially 1/3 1/3

r1  A1   64  4
contain an equal number of atoms. Their half- 2. As      
lives are 1 hour and 2 hours respectively. Then r2  A2   27  3
the ratio of their rates of disintegration after 1/3
3. R  R0 A1/3  1.2  10 13   216   7.2  1013 cm
two hours is
1) 1:1 2) 2:1 3) 1:2 4) 2:3 4. E  MC 2
17. 1 g of a radio active substance disintegrates 5. Total energy=rest mass energy+KE
at the rate of 3.7  1010 disintegrations per 6. 3Eb  Ea  Q
second. The atomic mass of the substance
is226. Calculate its mean life.  B.E. B.E. 
7. E  4 of He  of Deuterium 
1) 1.2  10 5 s 2) 1.39 1011 s  A A 
3) 2.1  10 5 s 4) 7.194  1010 S 8. mc 2  J  MS t 
NUCLEAR FISSION-NUCLEAR REACTOR 9. 0.1 2 E
E mc ; in kwh 
18. No. of uranium 235 nuclei required to undergo 100 36  105
fission to give 9 x 1013 joule of energy is 10. 238  234  He 4  2 e0
92 U 92 X 2 1
1) 2.8125 x 1024 2) 28.125 x 1024 no of neutrons=234-92=142
3) 281.25 x 1024 4) 28215 x 1024   
11. A   A1   A2   A3
19. The energy supplied by a power plant is 40
e0
million kilowatt hour. It is supplied by X 180 
1
73 X 180 2 He

4
71 X 176
72
annihilation of matter, the mass that is 4
2 He
annihilated is. 71 X 176  69 X 172
1) 1.6 gm 2) 1.6 kg 3) 1.6 mg 4)1.6 amu. 12. Th 232 82 Pb 208  62 He 4  41 e0
90
NUCLEAR FUSION
13.   0.693 / T1
20. The amount of energy released in the fusion 2
 t
of two 1H2 to form a 2 He4 nucleus will be 14. N  N 0 e

[Binding energy per nucleon of 1H2 = 1.1 Mev dN

15.   N , here N  avagadrono /238,
dt
Binding energy per nucleon of 2 He4 =7 Mev]
  0.693 / T1
1) 8.1 MeV 2) 5.9 MeV 3) 23.6 MeV 4) 2 MeV
2

PAIR PRODUCTION & PAIR 16. A  N

ANNIHILATION N 1
21. The minimum amount of energy released in 17. N  2n
0
annhilation of electron-positron is
18. 200MeV  1 fission
1) 1.02MeV 2) 0.58MeV 3)185MeV 4) 200MeV
9  1013 J  ?
LEVEL - I (C.W) - KEY
9 1013
1) 1 2) 3 3) 1 4) 2 5) 2 6) 1 7) 3 Number of fissions =
200  106  1.6  1019
8) 4 9) 2 10) 2 11) 2 12) 1 13) 4 14) 4
15) 1 16) 3 17) 4 18) 1 19) 1 20) 3 21) 1 19. E  40  106  36 105 J ; E  mc 2
40  106  36  105  m  9  1016
LEVEL - I (C.W) - HINTS
20. 1 H 2 1 H 2 2 He4  Q
Am 3 Am 3 Am 3m E = B.E. of products - B.E. of reactants
1. d 
1 3
 3

4   4 R A 4 R03
R 3
4 R A
 0 
3
0 = 4(7) - 4(1.1) = 23.6 MeV
3
  21. 0.51 MeV + 0.51 MeV = 1.02 MeV
142 NARAYANAGROUP
 JEE-ADV PHYSICS- VOL- V NUCLEAR PHYSICS
7. Consider the nuclear reaction:
LEVEL-I (H.W.)
X 200  A110  B90  energy The binding
SIZE OF THE NUCLEUS
energy per nucleon for X 200 , A110 and B90 is
1. Assume that the nuclear mass is of the order
of 10-27kg and the nuclear radius is of the order respectively 7.4MeV, 8.2MeV and 8.2Mev.
of 10-15m.The nuclear density is of the order The energy released is
of 1) 200MeV 2) 160MeV
1) 102Kg/m3 2) 1010kg/m3 3) 110MeV 4) 90MeV
3) 1017Kg/m3 4) 1031 kg/m3  -DECAY,,   DECAY,,   DECAY
Y
2. Highly energetic electrons are bombarded on
238
a target of an element containing 30 neutrons. 8. The isotope 92 U decays successively to form
The ratio of radii of nucleus 234 234 234 230 226
1) 25 2) 26 90 Th, 91 Pa, 92 U , 90 Th and 88 Ra , The
3) 56 4) 30 radiations emitted in these five steps are
MASS DEFECT, BINDING ENEGRY, 1)  ,  ,  ,  ,  2)  ,  ,  ,  , 
PACKING FRACTION AND MASS 3)  ,  ,  ,  ,  4)  ,  ,  ,  , 
ENERGY RELATION 9. The nuclide which disintegrates by emitting
3. Sun radiates energy at the rate of 3.6x1026J/ a  - particle to form 147 N contains
s. The rate of decrease in mass of sun is (Kgs 1) 8 neutrons 2) 10 neutrons
1
). 3) 7 neutrons 4) 6 neutrons.
1) 12 x 1010 2) 1.3 x 1020 10. A nucleus X initially at rest, undergoes
3) 4 x 109 4) 3.6 x 1036 alpha decay according to the equation
235
4. A slow neutron strikes a nucleus of U 232 A
Y   What fraction of the total
92
z X 90
141
splitting it into lighter nuclei of 56 Ba and energy released in the decay will be the
92
kinetic energy of the alpha particle
36 Kr along with three neutrons. The energy
released in this reaction is (The masses of 90 228 228 1
1) 2) 3) 4)
uranium, barium and krypton of this reaction 92 232 232 2
are 235.043933, 140.917700 and 91.895400 u
RADIOACTIVITY, HALF LIFE, MEAN
respectively. The mass of a neutron is
1.008665u) LIFE, DECAY CONSTANT
1) 740.69 MeV 2) 156.9 MeV 11. A radio active sample contains 600 radio
3) 186.9 MeV 4) 209.8 MeV active atoms. Its half life period is 30
5. The energy required to separate the typical minutes. The no. of radio active atoms
middle mass nucleus 120 remaining, if the decay occurs for 90
50 Sn into its constituent
minutes is
nucleons ( Mass of 120 50 Sn  119.902199u ; 1) 300 2) 200
mass of proton=1.007825 u and mass of 3) 400 4) 75
neutron = 1.008665 u) 12. Radio active carbon - 14, in a wood sample
1) 951 MeV 2) 805 MeV decays with a half life of 5700 years. The
3) 1021MeV 4)1212 MeV fraction of the radio active carbon - 14, that
6. The mass defect in a nucleus is 3.5 amu. Then remains after a decay period of 17,100
the binding energy of the nucleus is years is
1) 32.58MeV 2) 325.85 MeV 1) 1/4 2) 3/4
3) 3260.25MeV 4) 3.258 MeV 3) 1/8 4) 7/8

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13. The half-life of 238 U for   decay is 4.5  109 5. E  m 931.5MeV
years. The number of disintegrations per 6. Binding energy = m  931.5MeV
second occur in 1 g of 238 U is 7. Energy released=BE of products-BE of reactants
(Avogadro’s number= 6.023  1023 mol 1 ) 9. 7 N 14  6 X 14  1 e 0
1) 1.532  10 4 s 1 2) 1.325  104 s 1 K.E A  4
3) 1.412  10 4 s 1 4) 1.235  104 s 1 10.   Where A  232 
K.E A
14. A certain substance decays to 1/32 of its initial n
activity in 25 days. The half-life is N 1 t
   ,n 
1) 1 day 2) 3 days 3) 5 days 4) 7 days 11. N 0  2  T1
2
NUCLEAR FISSION-NUCLEAR REACTOR
n
15. The energy released by the fission of 1 g of 12. t N 1
n ;  
235
U in joule, given that the energy released T1 N 0  2 
per fission is 200 MeV. (Avogadro’s 2

number  6.023  10 23 ) N0
13. N 
1) 8.202  10 12 2) 8.202  10 8 2n
3) 8.202  1010 4) 8.202  1014 dN
14.  N here N  avagadrono / 226,   1 / 
NUCLEAR FUSION dt
15. E  (avagadrono./235)X-200x106x1.602x10-19J
16. The ratio of the amounts of energy released 16. Energy relesed for nucleon in fussion = 7.28 (energy
as a result of the fussion of 1 kg hydrogen  E1  released per nucleon in fission) E1  7.28 E2
and fission of 1 kg of 92 U  E2  will be
236

LEVEL-II (C.W)
1) 1.28 2) 3.28 3) 5.28 4) 7.28
SIZE OF THE NUCLEUS
LEVEL - I (H.W.) - KEY 1. A nucleus x 235 splits into two nuclei having
1) 3 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4 5) 3 6) 3 7) 2 the mass numbers in the ratio 2:1. The ratio
8) 3 9) 1 10) 2 11) 4 12) 3 13) 4 14) 3 of the radii of those two nuclei is
15) 3 16) 4 1) 2:1 2) 1:2 3) 21/3:1 4) 1:21/3
2. A match box of 5 cm x 5cm x 1 cm dimensions
LEVEL - I (H.W.) - HINTS is filled with nuclear matter. Its weight is in the
3M n order of
1. d R  radius 1) 10g 2) 108 g 3) 1012g 4) 1015g
4 R 3
1/3 1/3
MASS DEFECT, BINDING ENEGRY,
R A  R  A PACKING FRACTION AND MASS
2. As R  R0 A1/3  1  1   
R2  A2  RHe  4  ENERGY RELATION
1/3
3. If the speed of light were 2/3 of its present
1/3  A value, the energy released in a given atomic
 14     A  56 (or) Z  A  N
4 explosion will be decreased by a fraction of
Z  56  30  26 1) 2/3 2) 4/9 3)4/3 4) 5/9
4. The binding energy per nucleon of C12 is 7.68
dE dm 2 MeV and that of C13 is 7.47 Mev. The energy
3.  c
dt dt required to remove one neutron from C13 is
4. BE  mc 2  m  931.5MeV 1) 495 MeV 2) 49.5 MeV
3) 4.95 MeV 4) 0.495 MeV
144 NARAYANAGROUP
 JEE-ADV PHYSICS- VOL- V NUCLEAR PHYSICS
5. The binding energy per each nucleon in the 12. A nuclear reactor generated power at 50%
neighbourhood of medium nuclei is 8.5 MeV 235
efficiency by fission of 92 U into equal
and the binding energy per each nucleon is
about 7.6 MeV in the neighbourhood of fragment of 116 with the emission of two
46 Pd
Uranium. The energy released in the fission
 -rays of 5.2 MeV each and three neutrons.
of U 236 is The average B.E. per particle of
1) 212 eV 2) 212 MeV
3) 2.12 MeV 4) 0.9 MeV U 235 and Pd116 is 7.2 MeV and 8.2 MeV
respectively. The amount of U 235 consumed
 - DECAY,,   DECAY,,   DECAY
Y
per hour to produce 1600Mw power is
22
6. Ne nucleus, after absorbing energy, decays 1) 128 gm 2)1.4 kg 3) 140.5 gm 4)281 gm
into two  - particals and an unknown nucleus.
The unknown nucleus is NUCLEAR FUSION
1) Carbon 2) Nitrogen 3) Boron 4) oxygen 13. In nuclear fusion,One gram hydrogen is
converted into 0.993gm.If the efficiency of the
RADIOACTIVITY, HALF LIFE, MEAN
generator be 5%,then the energy obtained in
LIFE, DECAY CONSTANT
KWH is
7. The mass of one curie of U 234 is 1) 8.75  103 2) 4.75  103 3) 5.75  103 4) 3.73  103
1) 3.7  1010 g 2) 3.7  10 10 g PAIR PRODUCTION & PAIR
3) 6.25  10 34 g 4) 1.438  10  11 g ANNIHILATION
8. A radio active isotope having a half life of 3
14. A photon of energy 1.12 Mev splits into
days was received after 9 days. It was found
electron positron pair. The velocity of electron
that there was only 4 gms of the isotope in the
is (Neglect relativistic correction)
container. The initial weight of the isotope
1) 3 x 108 ms-1 2) 1.33 x 108 ms-1
when packed was 8 -1
3) 6 x 10 ms 4) 9 x 108ms-1
1) 8 g 2) 64 g 3) 48 g 4)32 g
9. Half life of a radio active element is 5 min. LEVEL - II (C.W.) - KEY
10 sec. Time taken for 90% of it to 1) 3 2) 4 3) 2 4) 3 5) 2 6) 1 7) 4
disintegrate is nearly 8) 4 9) 2 10) 1 11) 3 12) 1 13) 1 14) 2
1)100 min 2) 1000sec 3) 104 sec 4)104 min
238 LEVEL - II (C.W.) - HINTS
10. The half life of 92 U undergoing   decay
M
is 4.5 109 years. Its activity of 1 g sample 1. R  A1/ 3 2. D= 3. E  mc 2
V
is 4. Energy required =13  7.47-12  7.68 = 4.95 MeV
4
1) 1.23 10 Bq 5
2) 2.4  10 Bq 5. Q  BE product  BEreac tan ts
22
3) 1.82  106 Bq 4) 4.02  108 Bq 6. 10 Ne  22 He4 6 c12
7. N  234 gm
NUCLEAR FISSION-NUCLEAR
REACTOR
3.7 1010  234
3.7 1010  xgm, x 
11. In a thermo nuclear reaction 103 Kg of N
hydrogen is converted into 0.99  103 kg of 8. t 9 W
n   3; W  n0
helium. If the efficiency of the generator is 50%, t1 3 2
2
the electrical energy generated in KWH is
1) 105 2) 1.5 105 3) 1.25 105 4) 1.3 105 W0  2n , W  23  4   32 gm
NARAYANAGROUP 145
 NUCLEAR PHYSICS JEE-ADV PHYSICS- VOL- V

t1 RADIOACTIVITY, HALF LIFE, MEAN

N  LIFE, DECAY CONSTANT
9. t  2 log  0 
log 2  N 
5. If the activity of 108Ag is 3 micro curie, the
10. Activity or rate of decay is R  N W here number of atoms present in it are(  =0.005
0.693 sec-1 )

T1/2 and N  No.of atom is 1 gm of 1) 2.2x107 2) 2.2x106 3) 2.2x105 4) 2.2x104
23
6. The half life period of Pb210 is 22 years. If
238 1  6.025  10 20 2g of Pb210 is taken, then after 11 years the
92 U  238
 25.3  10 atoms ; R  N
amount of Pb210 will be present is
E mc 2 output 1) 0.1414g 2) 1.414g 3) 2.828g 4) 0.707g
11.  ; effieiency =
t t input 7. 221 undergoes radiorctive decay with a half
87 Ra
50P  BE product  BEreac tan t  life of 4 days. The probability that a Ra
12.  1600 MW ; P  
100 t nucleus will disintegrate in 8 days is
1) 1 2) 1/2 3) 1/4 4) 3/4
output 1 
13. Efficency = 14. E    mv2  2  2E0
mc 2 2  NUCLEAR FISSION-NUCLEAR
REACTOR
LEVEL-II (H.W)
8. When 235 undergoes fission. About 0.1%
SIZE OF THE NUCLEUS 92 U
of the original mass is conveted into energy.
1. A nucleus splits into two nuclear parts having
Then the amount of 235 should undergo
radii in the ratio 1:2. Their velocities are in 92 U
the ratio fission per day in a nuclear reactor so that it
1) 8:1 2) 6:1 3) 4:1 4) 2:1 provides energy of 200 mega watt electric
MASS DEFECT, BINDING ENEGRY, power is
PACKING FRACTION AND MASS 1) 9.6  10 2 kg 2) 4.8  102 kg
ENERGY RELATION
3) 19.2102 kg 4) 1.2  102 kg
2. The atomic mass of 7N15 is 15.000108 amu and
that of 8O16 is 15.994915 amu. The minimum PAIR PRODUCTION & PAIR
energy required to remove the least tightly
ANNIHILATION
bound proton is (mass of proton is 1.007825
amu) 9. A  -ray photon creates an electron, positron
1) 0.01 3018 amu 2) 12.13 MeV pair. The rest mass of electron is 0.5 MeV.
3) 13.018 meV 4) 12.13 eV KE of the electron - positron pair system is
3. Assume that a neutron breaks into a proton 0.78 MeV. Then the energy of  -ray photon
and electron. The energy released during this is (in MeV)
process is (in MeV) (Mass of neutron= 1) 1.78 2) 0.28 3) 1.28 4) 0.14
1.6725  10-27Kg=mass of proton=1.6725  10-
27
Kg, mass of electron=9  10-31 Kg)[AIEE-12] LEVEL-II(H.W) - KEY
1) 0.73 2) 7.10 3) 6.30 4) 5.4
1) 1 2) 2 3) 1 4) 2 5) 1 6) 2 7) 4
 - DECAY,,   DECAY,,   DECAY
Y 8) 3 9) 1
4. A nucleus with mass number 220 initially at LEVEL-II(H.W) - HINTS
rest emits an   particle. If the Q value of
3
the reaction is 5.5MeV then the kinetic energy m1  R1  V2
of the   particle is (in MeV) 1. m1v1  m2v2 ; m   R   V
2  2 1
1) 4.4 2) 5.4 3) 5.6 4) 6.5
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 JEE-ADV PHYSICS- VOL- V NUCLEAR PHYSICS

2.  m  m p  m nitrogen  moxygen 6. The radio active nuclides A and B have half

lives t and 2t respectively. If we start an
energy required = m  931.5 Mev experiment with one mole of each of them,
the mole ratio after time interval of 6t will
3. m   m p  m e   m n ;Energy released=  m×c2 be
1) 1 : 2 2) 1 : 8 3) 1 : 6 4) 1 : 1
 A4 216 7. 20% of a radio active element disintegrates
4. K.E   Q   5.5  5.4MeV in 1hr. The percentage of the radio active
 A  220
element disintegrated in 2hrs will be
1) 36% 2) 64% 3) 60% 4) 40%
 dN  t1
  8. The C14 to C12 ratio in a certain piece of
dt  N 
5.  6. 2
t log  0  wood is 25% of that in atmosphere. The
N log 2  N  half life period of C14 is 5,580 years. The
age of wood piece is (in years)
t 8 N 1) 5,580 2) 2790 3) 1395 4) 11,160
7. n   2 ; N o  2n N ; o  22  4
t1/2 4 N 9. A radioactive sample can decay by two
different processes. The half-life for the
No first process is T1 and that for the second
Remaining atoms = N 
4
process is T2 . The effective half-life T of the
N o 3N o radioactive sample is
Dacayed atoms  N o  N  No  
4 4 1 1 1
1) T  T1  T2 2) T  T  T
No  N 3 1 2
 Probability of decay  No

4 T1  T2 T1  T2
3) T  T T 4) T  T T
E=MC 2 9. E  2  EK  E0 
1 2 1 2
8.
10. The age of the wood if only 1/16 part of
original C14 is present in its piece is (in
LEVEL-III years) (T of C14 is 5,580 years)
1. 50% of a radio active substance decays in 5 1) 5580 2) 11,160 3) 22320 4) 16740
hours. The time required for the 87.5% C14
decay is 11. A piece of wood is found to have the
1)10hours 2) 15hours 3)12.5hours 4)17.5hours C12
ratio to be 0.5 times of that in a living plant
2. 4 grams of radioactive substance A left The number of years back the plant died
1/2 gm after some time. 1 gram of another will be (T of C14 = 5,580 years)
radioactive substance B left 1/4 gm in the 1) 2,790 years 2) 5,580 years
same period. If half life of B is 2 hours, 3) 11,160 years 4) 27,900 years
the half life of A is (in hours) 12. A piece of wood collected from cro-Magnon
1) 3/4 2) 4/3 3) 1/4 4) 1/2 caves gave 4 disintegrations / min. A
3. One mole of a  emitter of half life equal freshly cut wood of the same weight gives
to 2days was placed in a sealed tube for 4 16 d.p.m. The cro-magnon man lived about
days at S.T.P. volume of helium collected is (Half life of C14 is 5760 years. Assume the
1) 22.4 lit 2) 16.8 lit 3) 11.2 lit 4) 5.6 lit activity is due to C14 only)
4. 3 rutherfords of a radio active isotope of 1) 5700 years ago 2) 2900 years ago
half-life equal to 3 days was received after 3) 11520 years ago 4) 1400 years ago
12 days. Initial isotope packed was 13. The number of U 238 nuclei in a rock sample
1) 48 rutherfords 2) 12 rutherfords equal to the number of Pb 206 atoms. The half
3) 25 rutherfords 4) 36 rutherfords
5. The half life of a radio active substance is life of U 238 is 4.5  109 years.The age of the
6 hours. The amount of the substance rock is
undergone disintegration when 36 gms of it 1) 4.5  109 y 2) 9  109 y
undergoes decay for 18 hours is 3) 13.5  109 y 4) 18  109 y
1) 31.5 gm 2) 4.5 gm 3) 18 gm 4) 9 gm
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 NUCLEAR PHYSICS JEE-ADV PHYSICS- VOL- V
14. Equal masses of two samples A and B of 20. In moon rock sample the ratio of the number
charcoal are burnt and the activity of resulting of stable argon-40 atoms present to the
carbon-di-oxide from two samples is number of radioactive potassium-40 atoms is
measured. The gas from sample A gives104 7:1. Assume that all the argon atoms were
counts per month and that from sample B gives produced by the decay of potassium atoms,
2.5  103 counts per month. The age difference with a half-life of 2.5  109 yr. The age of the
of two sample is ( half life of C14 is 5730 years) rock is
1) 5730y 2) 11460y 3) 17190y 4) 22920y 1) 2.5 109 yr 2) 5.0  109 yr
15. The half life of a radioactive substance is 20
minutes.The approximate time interval 3) 7.5  109 yr 4) 1010 yr
2 21. The half-life of a radioactive sample is T. If
 t2  t1  between the time t2 , when 3 of it has the activities of the sample at time t1 adn t2 ( t1
< t2) are R1 and R2 respec tively, then the
1
decayed and time t1 and of it had decayed number of atoms disintegrated in time t2  t1 is
3
is: (AIEEE-2011) proportional to
1) 14 min 2) 20 min 3) 28 min 4) 7 min 1)  R1  R2  T 2)  R1  R2  T
16. A charged capactor of capacitance C is
discharged through a resistance R. A radio R1 R2 R1  R2
active sample decays with an average life t. 3) R  R T 4)
1 2 T
Find R interms of C and t in order that the 22. Considering a hypothetical annihilation of a
ratio of the electrostatic energy stored in the stationary electron with a stationary positron,
capacitor to the activity of the radio active the wavelengthof resulting radiation? (with
sample remains constant with time
usual notations)
2t C
1) 2) 3) 2t C 4) t C h 2h h h 2
C 2t 1) 2) 3) 4)
17. Uranium-238 decays to thorium-234 with half- 2m0C m0C m0C m0C
life 5 109 yr .The resulting nucleus is in the 23. A radioactive nucleus can decay by two
excited state and hence further emits   rays different processes. The half life for the first
to come to the ground state. It emits process is 2t and that for the second process
20   rays per second. the emission rate will is t. The effective disintegration constant of
drop to 5   rays per second in nucleus is
1) 1.25 109 yr 2) 1010 yr 3 3ln 2 ln 2 3ln 2
1) 2) 3) 4)
3) 10 8 yr 4) 1.25  109 s 2tln2 2t 3t t
18. A sample of radioactive material has mass m, 24. A proton with kinetic energy, K strikes another
decay constant  and molecular weight M. proton at rest. If the collision is head - on, find
Avagadro constant = NA. The initial activity the correct graph between K and the distance
of the sample is of closest approach, r.
m  mN A
1) m 2) 3) 4) mN Ae
M M
19. A sample of radioactive material has mass m,
decay constant  and molecular weight M.
Avagadro constant = NA . The activity of the
sample after time t will be
 mN A    t  mN A   t
1)  e 2)  e
 M   M 
 mN A    t m
3) 
 M 
e 4)


1  e  t 
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 JEE-ADV PHYSICS- VOL- V NUCLEAR PHYSICS
25. The fraction of a radiactive sample will decay

Binding energy per nucleon Mev

8.5 Y
during half of its half-life period is 8.0 X
7.5
1 1 2 1 1 W
1) 2) 3) 4)
2 2 1 2 2 5.0
Z
26. A small quantity of a solution containing N24
radio - nuclide of half - life T and activity R0 is 0 30 60 90 120
Mass Number of nuclei
3
injected into blood of a person. 1cm of sample 1) Y  2Z 2) W  X  Z
of blood taken from the blood of the person 3) X  Y  Z 4) W  2Y
shows activity R1. If the total volume of the
blood in the body of the person is V, find the 32. When 3 Li 7 nuclei are bombarded by protons,
timer after which sample is taken. and the resultant nuclei are 4 Be8 , the emitted
T  R0  T  VR0  particles will be. (AIEEE 2006)
1) 1 n  2) 1 n  1) alpha particles 2) beta particles
ln(2)  VR1  ln(2)  R1 
3) gamma photons 4) neutrons
T  VR1  T  R1  33. A sample of uranium is a mixture of three
3) 1 n  4) 1 n  isotopes 92 U 234 , 92 U 235 and 92 U 238 present in
ln(2)  R0  ln(2)  VR0 
27. A nucleus with mass number 220 initially at rest the ratio 0.006% , 0.71% and 99.284%
emits an  - particle. If the Q value of the respectively. The half lives of then isotopes
reaction is 5.5 MeV, calculate the kinetic are 2.5  105 years, 7.1 108 years and
energy of  -particle.
1) 4.4 MeV 2) 5.4 MeV 3) 5.6MeV 4) 6.5 MeV 4.5  109 years respectively. The contribution
28. Some amount of radioactive substance (half- to activity (in %) of each isotope in the sample
life=10 days) is spread inside a room and respectively
consequently the level of radiation becomes 1) 51.41%, 2.13%, 46.46%
50times the permissible level for normal
2) 51.41%, 46.46%, 2.13%
occupancy of the room. The room be safe for
occupation after 3) 2.13%,51.41%, 46.46%
1) 20days 2) 34.8 days3) 56.4 days4) 62.9 days 4) 46.46%, 2.13%, 51.41%
29. In the options given below, let E denote the 34. The table that follows shows some
rest mass energy of a nucleus and n a measurements of the decay rate of a sample
neutron. The correct option is
of 128 I , a radio nuclide often used medically
1) E  92236 U   E  137
53 I   E  39 Y   2E  n 
97
as a tracer to measure the rate at which iodine
2) E  92236 U   E  137
53 I   E  39 Y   2E  n 
97
is absorbed by the thyroid gland.
3) E  92236 U   E  140
56 Ba   E  36 Kr   2E  n 
94

4) E  92236 U   E  140
56 Ba   E  36 Kr   2E  n 
94

30. Four different radioactive elements are kept

in separate containers. In the begining the
container A has 200 g-atom with half-life of 2
days , B has 20 g-atom with half-life of 20 days, ln A
C has 2g-atom with half-life 200 days and D
has 100g-atoms with half-life of 10 days. In 6.2
6
the begining the maximum activity exhibited
by the container is 4
1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 2
225
31. Binding energy per nucleon versas mass 0 t(min)
number curve for nuclei is shown in the fig. 50 100 150 200
W,X,Y and Z are four nuclei indicated on the The half life t1/ 2 for this radio nuclide.
curve. The process that would release energy
1) 25 min 2) 50 min 3) 2.5 min 4) 5 min
is
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 NUCLEAR PHYSICS JEE-ADV PHYSICS- VOL- V
35. The fraction f of radioactive element decayed LEVEL - III - HINTS
change with respect to time (t). The curve W0 t
representing the correct variation is W  n
1. 2n t 1 ; t1/ 2  5hrs
2

1) f 2) f t
W0 n
2. W ;no fo half lives
2n t1/2
O t O t W0 n  t
3. W ;
2n t1/ 2 . initially value of Helium 22.4
f lits no of half lives =2
f
3) 4) t 12
W n  4
4. W  n0 , t1 3
2
O t O t 2

W0
36. The rate of decay (R) of nuclei in a radiocative 5. W ;n  3
sample is plotted against time (t). Which of 2n
the following best represents the resulting W
curve? 7. W  n0 . Intial amount W0 , after one hour amount
2
80
1) R 2) R of remaining sample =80%W0 ; W1  W0
100
8. N  N 0 et
O t O t   1  2
dN
9.  N ;   1
dt
T
R R
10. n = 4 half lifes
3) 4) 11. t = 1 half life
12. t = 2 half lifes
O t O t N 1
N
37. The probability of survival of a radioactive 13. Given N  o ;  N  2
2 o
nucleus for one mean life is that means t = 1 half life
1 1 ln 2 ln 2 N0
1) 2) 1  3) 4) 1  t1/ 2 log
e e e e 14. t  N
38. A radioactive isotope is being produced at a log 2
constant rate A. The isotope has a half -life T
initially there are no nuclei, after a time 2 1 1 1
15. At t1  t1 / 20 At t2  t2 / 20
t >>T, the number of nuclei becomes constant. 3 2 3 2
The value of this constant is t2-t1= 20 mins.
A AT 1 2 1
1) AT 2) ln  2  3) AT ln  2  4) ln  2  Uc CVo CV 2
T  constant; 2
16. 2
LEVEL - III - KEY A  No N
1) 2 2) 2 3) 2 4) 1 5) 1 6) 2 7) 1
8) 4 9) 2 10) 3 11) 2 12) 3 13) 1 14) 2 1
Where V  Voe  t / CR , N  N oe   t and  
15) 2 16) 1 17) 2 18) 3 19) 2 20) 3 21) 1 t
22) 3 23) 2 24) 3 25) 3 26) 1 27) 2 28) 3
17. t = 2 half lifes; t  nT  2  5 109 year
29) 1 30) 1 31) 4 32) 3 33) 1 34) 1 35) 3
36) 1 37) 1 38) 4  1010 year
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N Am 26. Total volume of blood,

18. Activity =  N where N  Total activity R
M V
N Am Activity per cm3  R1 
19. activity =  N o e t where No 
M R0e  t VR1
20. Let the number of radioactive Potassium atoms  , (or)  e  t
R1 R0
present initially (t=0) is N 0 and the number of stable
argon atoms at t=0 is zero. After time t the number  VR  ln(2)t T  R 
of stable argon atoms is m and the radioactive  ln  1   t  ;t ln  0 
 R0  T ln(2)  VR1 
potassium atoms is N 0  m given that
27. K1  K 2  5.5 MeV
N0  m 1 7 1
 , m  N0 and N 0  m  N 0 From conservation of linear momentum
m 7 8 8
1/ 2 1/ 2
since after one half-life N 0 reduces to N 0 / 2 after  2K1 (216m)   2 K 2 (4m)  ; K 2  54 K1
2 half-lives N 0 / 4 and after 3 half-lives it reduces From the above K 2  5.4 MeV
to N 0 / 8 28. Since the intial activity is 50 times the activity for
safe occupancy, therefore , R0  50 R where
t  nT  3  2.5 109 years
Thus, R   N since,
 7.5 109 year RN n t /T
21. Activity R   N so that R N 1 1
    
R1  N1 and R2  N2 R0 N 0  2   2  or
t /10
0.6931 1 1
R1  R2    N1  N2    N1  N2    
T 2
  50
 R1  R2  T 29. (a): Rest mass energy of U will be greater than the
N1  N2  reat mass energy of nuclei into which it breaks. The
0.6931
consistituent nuclei and neutrons will have kinetic
N1  N2   R1  R2  T ;  t2  t1  R1  R2  T energy also, as a result of conservation of linear
momentum.
hc hc
22.   m0C 2  m0C 2 30. The activity of radioactive element is given by
  0.6931N N
R  N  Thus, R  . The value of
23.   1   2 T T
24. At closest approach, both protons willbe moving N
with same velocity. is largest for the element in the container A.
T
2 31. Energy of products must be more then the reactants
1 2 1  v0  e2
K .E  mv0  2. m    to release energy.
2 2 2 4  0 r
32. 3 Li 7 1 H 1 4 Be8  
1 2 e2 K 33: Let m is the total mass of the uranium mixture. The
mv0   235
4 4 0 r 2 masses of the isotopes U 234 , 92U and
92

e2 1 0.006
Kr   constant , K 92U 238
in the mixture are m1  m ;
2 o r 100
n
t 0.71 99.284
N 1  1 T T t 1 m2  m , and m3  m.
25.       Here, t  or  100 100
N0  2  2 2 T 2
If N A is the Avogadro number, then number of
1
N  1 2 1 N0  N  1  1  2  1 m1 N A
   ;
N0  2  2 N0 2 2 atoms of threeisotopes are; N1  ,
M1
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m2 N A m3 N A Comprehension-2:
N2  , and N 3  Atomic nucleus is central core of every atom
M2 M3
in which the whole of positive charge and
Activity of radioactive sample A  λN . almost entire mass of atom is concentrated. It
0.693 0.693 is a tiny sphere of radius R is given by
As λ  , A N
t1/ 2  t1/ 2 R  Ro A1/ 3 , where Ro 1.4 1015 m , a
If t1 , t 2 and t3 be the half lives, then constant and A is the mass number of the
nucleus
N1 N 2 N 3
A1 : A2 : A3  : :
t1 t2 t3  R
4. A graph between ‘ log   , and ‘log A’’
m1 m m  Ro 
or A1 : A2 : A3  : 2 : 3 1) Is a parabola
M 1t1 M 2t2 M 3t3
2) Is a straight line passing through origin
0.006 0.71 99.284
 : : 3) Is a straight line have an intercept
234  2.5  10  235  7.5  10  238  4.5  10 9 
5 8
4) Is an ellipse
 51.41% : 2.13% : 46.46% 5. On increasing the value of ‘A’ the density of
the nucleus
34. A  A0e λt  ln A  ln A0  λt
1) Increases 2) Decreases
ln A0  ln A 6.2  0 3) Remains constant 4) None
λ    0.0275min 1 6. The radius of the nucleus of mass number 125
t 225
is
0.693
 T1/ 2   25min 1) 175  1015 m 2) 35  10 15 m
λ
37. Probability of survival for any nucleus at time t is 3) 70  1015 m 4) 7  1015 m
N N 0e  λt Comprehension-3:
P   e  λt The questions given below are based on the
N0 N0
following paragraph (AIEEE-2010)
So, in one mean life, required probability is
A nucleus of mass M + m is at rest and
1
 λ
λ
1 decays into two daughter nuclei of equal mass
e  ;
e M
each. speed of light is c.
A AT 2
38. A  N ;  N  
7. The binding energy per nucleon for the parent
 In2
nucleus is E1 and that for the daughter nuclei
LEVEL-IV is E2 then
1) E2 = 2E1 2) E1 > E2 3) E2 > E1 4) E1= 2E2
Comprehension-1: 8. The speed of daughter nuclei is
The count rate meter is used to measure the
activity of a given amount of a radio active m 2m m m
element. At one instant, the meter shows 475 1) c 2) c 3) c 4) c
M  m M M M  m
counts/minute. Exactly 5 minutes later, is 9. Choose correct statement from the following.
shown 270 counts/minute then A)Large mass number nuclei undergo fission
1. The decay constant is
B)Low mass number nuclei undergo fusion
1) 0.82/ minute 2) 0.113/ minute
3) 0.166/ minute 4) 0.182/ minute C)For heavy nuclei the decrease in binding energy
2. Mean life of the sample is (in minutes) per nucleon shows the contribution of the increasing
1) 6.35 2) 7.45 3) 8.85 4) 9.95 coulomb repulsion.
3. Half life of the sample is (in minutes) 1) A, B are correct 2) A, B, C are correct
1) 6.13 2) 8.42 3) 8.85 4) 9.92 3) B , C are correct 4) A , C are correct

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10. Which of the following are not fundamental 15. Consider the following two statement A and B
particles i)Electron ii) Photon and identify the correct answer given below :
iii) a - Particle iv) Deutron A) Nuclear density is same for all nuclei
1) Only i & ii are true 2) Only ii & iii are true B) Radius of the nucleus (R) and its mass
3) Only i &iii are true 4) Only iii & iv are true
number (A) are related as A  R1 / 6
11. When a nucleus with atomic number Z and
mass number A undergoes a radioactive decay 1) A and B are true 2) A and B are false
process 3) A is true but B is false 4) A is false but B is true
a) Both Z and A will decrease, if the process is  decay 16. Consider the following statements A, B and
b) Z will decrease but A will not change, if the process identify the correct choice in the given answers
is  + decay A: Density of a nucleus is independent of its
mass number
c) Z will increase but A will not change, if the process
B: Beryllium is used as moderator in nuclear
is  – decay reactors
d) Z and A will remain unchanged, if the process is  1) A and B are correct 2) A and B are wrong
decay 3) A is correct, B is wrong4) A is wrong, B is correct
1) a & b are true 2) b & d are true 17. Consider the following statements (A) and (B)
3) a, b & c are true 4) a, b, c, d are true and identify the correct answer given below.
12. A nuclide A undergoes a decay and another Statement (A) : Positive values of packing
nuclide B undergoes b – decay fraction implies a large value of binding energy.
a) All the  –particle emitted by A will have almost Statement (B) : The difference between the
the same speed mass of the nucleus and the mass number of
the nucleus is called packing fraction
b) The  –particle emitted by A may have widely
1) (A) and (B) are correct
different speeds 2) (A) and (B) are false
c) All the  –particle emitted by B will have almost 3) (A) is true (B) is false
the same speed 4) A is false, B is true
d) The  –particle emitted by B may have widely
different speeds LEVEL - IV - KEY
1) a, b are true 2) b, c are true 1) 2 2) 3 3)1 4) 2 5) 3 6) 4 7) 3
3) b, d are true 4) a, d are true 8) 2 9) 2 10) 4 11) 4 12) 4 13) 1 14) 1
13. In the fission of U 235 15) 3 16) 1 17) 2
i) Slow neutron is absorbed by U235
ii) The products in the process are not same always, LEVEL - IV - HINTS
their atomic number varies from 34 to 58
iii) About 200 Mev energy is released per fission 1. A  A0e t ; 270  475e t
iv) The product are always Ba and Kr On solving we get   0.113 / min
1)Only i, ii & iii are true 2)Only ii & iii are true
3)All are true 4)Only i , ii & iv are true 1
14. Which of the following statements are correct 2. 

i) Positron is predicted by Dirac and
discovered by Anderson 3. T=0.693 6. R  R0 A1/ 3
ii) Liquid drop model of nucleus is developed 7. binding energy per nucleon of daughter nuclei is
by Bohr and Wheeler more than that of the parent nuclei.
iii) Carbon cycle was proposed by Bethe 8. According to conservation of momentum
iv) Fission reaction is first observed by M M 1 M 2 1 M 2
OttoHahn and Strassman 0 V1  V 2 ; V1  V 2 ;  mc 2  . V1  . V 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
1) All are true 2) Only i, ii & iv are true
3) Only i, iii & iv are true 4) Only iii & iv are true *****
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