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    Answers To End-Of-Chapter Questions

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    Answers To End-Of-Chapter Questions

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    EOCQ_ans_4

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    Answers To End-Of-Chapter Questions

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    Answers to end-of-chapter

    questions
    Chapter 4 Chemical reactions 3 a black solid [1]
    b magnesium + carbon dioxide →
    1 a There is a colour change which shows that there magnesium oxide + carbon [1]
    might be a reaction, and new substance(s) are c i carbon dioxide [1]
    formed / a gas is given off. ii magnesium [1]
    b The most reliable evidence for a chemical d MgO + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2O
    reaction is that a gas is given off which can be [correct formulae but unbalanced = 1] [2]
    identified as carbon dioxide. e i Zn2+ + Mg → Mg2+ + Zn [2]
    c copper carbonate → copper oxide + carbon ii Magnesium reduces zinc ions [1] by
    dioxide donating/giving electrons to them [1] [2]
    zinc carbonate → zinc oxide + carbon dioxide [Total = 10]
    d Zinc oxide is a white solid which turns yellow
    when heated. When cooled, the solid turns 4 a sulfur + oxygen → sulfur dioxide
    white again. [1 for reactants; 1 for product] [2]
    e No, it is a physical change. b SO2 is oxidised to SO3 and O3 is reduced
    to O2 [2]
    2 a The definition in terms of oxygen gain or c SO3 + H2O → H2SO4 [1]
    loss is the most obvious – and is the origin of [Total = 5]
    the terminology. However, the definition in
    terms of electrons is the broader and more 5 a aqueous sodium chloride, copper, graphite
    widely applicable of the two. It is relevant to [−1 for each incorrect answer] [3]
    more situations, including the important ones b insulator [1]
    involved in electrolysis and the generation of c i anode [1]
    electricity in batteries. ii negative = zinc [1]; positive = chlorine [1] [2]
    b Whichever definition is used, it is impossible to iii carbon [1]
    have oxidation taking place without something [Total = 8]
    else in the reacting mixture being reduced. If
    something is gaining oxygen or losing electrons,
    6 a carbon/platinum [1] because unreactive [1] [2]
    then another reactant must be losing the oxygen
    b bubbles [1] at both electrodes [1] [2]
    or gaining the electrons. This follows the general
    c hydrogen at cathode [1], chlorine at anode [1] [2]
    principle that matter cannot be created or
    [Total = 6]
    destroyed in a chemical reaction.
    The processes of oxidation and reduction can
    7 a Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2 [2]
    be physically separated in an electrolytic cell, for
    b i Some elements have more than one
    instance, but the overall reaction of the cell is still
    oxidation state. [1]
    a redox reaction.
    ii 3Cu2+ + 2AsO43− → Cu3(AsO4)2 [2]
    [Total = 5]

    © Cambridge University Press 2014 IGCSE Chemistry Answers to end-of-chapter questions: Chapter 4 1

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