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kita dengar di merata-rata tempat. Menurut KamusDewan, cukai adalah

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membayar cukai mengikut AktaPercukaian 1967. Individu yang mempunyai pendapatan
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bermaksud jikaseseorang itu mempunyai pendapatan yang melebihi satu jumlah tertentu,
makadia dikehendaki membayar cukai. 

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 Understanding the Australian Income Tax System
Understanding the
Australian Income Tax
System
By H&R Block
6 min read

Jump to section 

What is income tax?

Income tax is the most significant stream of revenue in the tax system, it consists of
three main pillars:

 Personal earnings

 Business earnings

 Capital gains
Income tax is applied to an individual’s taxable income and is paid on all forms of
income. This includes wages from your job, profits from business and returns from
investments. Income tax can also apply to assets such as when a house or shares
are sold.

Taxpayers with two or more jobs or other taxable income sources should be aware
that they may be caught in an unintentional tax trap as a result of the tax free
threshold.

Income tax rates

Australia has a progressive tax system, which means that the higher your income,
the more tax you pay.

You can earn up to $18,200 in a financial year and not pay tax. This is known as
the tax-free threshold and after which, the tax rates kick in.
Tax rates for residents in 2017/18 include (Note: these rates do not include the
Medicare levy):

Taxable income $ Tax payable $

0 - 18,200 Nil

18,201 - 37,000 Nil + 19% of excess over 18,200

37,001 - 87,000 3,572 + 32.5% of excess over 37,000

87,001 - 180,000 19,822 + 37% of excess over 87,000

180,001+ 54,232 + 45% of excess over $180,000

The lowest rate is 19% and the highest rate is 47%, which is only charged on income
over $180,000. Most Australians sit in the middle bracket.

You are also taxed on superannuation contributions and earnings, and there are
several tax benefits to paying money into your fund.

Tax rates for foreign residents for 2017-18 are:

Taxable income $ Tax payable $

0 - 87,000 32.5%

87,001 - 180,000 28,275 + 37% of excess over 87,000

180,001+ 62,685 + 45% of excess over $180,000

Working holidaymakers (visa types 417 and 462) pay 15% on all income up to
$37,000 then resident rates on all income from $37,001 onwards 

Lodging your return

Lodging your tax return can be done anytime after June 30 and the absolute deadline
for self-lodgement is the 31st October. Whilst there is the option to self lodge, it is best
to go through a tax agent such as H&R Block, to ensure everything is filled out
correctly and you receive the best return possible in a timely manner.

In order to ensure the lodgement process is as smooth as possible, make sure you
have all your important documents together before coming in for your appointment
or lodging online. Filing away important receipts, invoices and documents throughout
the year will save you a lot of time when it comes to completing your return. It’s also
important to ensure all your details are up to date. If you’ve moved or changed your
name, these details need to be updated with the ATO. Minor errors like these can
hold your return up for weeks or even lead to fines.

If you're retired or have access to your super fund, it is important that you are fully
aware of your tax obligations. People of different ages have different levels of
obligations when it comes to tax on superannuation withdrawals.

Deductions
Tax deductions are expenses that you have incurred during the financial year for
work purposes. Overall, tax deductions reduce taxable income and are often the
reason why people get a tax refund.

Any money spent as part of your work is tax deductible. If you spent money on
something to allow you to do your job you are entitled to claim that cost as a
deduction. For example, travel expenses for work purposes or the cost of uniforms. If
you use your personal laptop, desktop, tablet or phone for work, you can claim a
deduction for work-related use of the device. Below are a list of tax tips to help you
understand tax deductions:

 The Ultimate Guide to Tax Deductions in Australia

 Claiming a tax deduction for work clothing

 Living Away from Home Allowances

 Claiming Car Expenses as Tax Deductions

It is important to remember to only claim what you’re entitled to. Private expenses or
any costs that were reimbursed by your employer cannot be claimed. Claiming what
you’re not entitled to can lead to fines and a stressful audit by the ATO.

If you’re unsure of what you can and can’t claim, watch this short video or
contact your nearest H&R Block office for further information.

June 2017

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The Australian tax system works by charging a higher tax rate if you earn a higher income.
It is a marginal income tax system.
The Australian Tax Office or ATO is responsible for ensuring individuals,
companies, trusts and other entities lodge their tax returns appropriately. The
tax system uses a self-assessment program. Therefore, everyone is
responsible for reporting their own tax to the ATO each tax year.

Year end: June 30

How your tax is calculated:

Taxable Income
An individual’s taxable income is calculated by starting with their assessable
income, which includes all the income they earn (think: salary, share
dividends, rental income, etc.) and subtracting allowable tax deductions. 

Assessable income – deductions = taxable income

For example, Greg earns a salary of $80,000 and receives dividends of
$5,000. His assessable income is $85,000 ($80k + $5k).

But Greg has $15,000 in allowable tax deductions. His taxable income is
($85,000 – $15,000) $70,000.

He pays tax based on the $70,000 of taxable income.

You will pay more tax if your taxable income is higher. 

More taxable income = more tax.

For example, Jenny is a part-time secretary and earns a salary of $30,000.

She has $5,000 of eligible tax deductions. Her taxable income is $25,000
($30,000 – $5,000).

Her income tax is $1,292. That is, $0.19 x ($25,000 – $18,200) = 0.19 x 6,800

= $1,292.

Jenny might also pay Capital Gains Tax and/or the Medicare Levy (see

below)