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    Determination of Chloride Content of The Given Water Sample

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    This document outlines a procedure to determine the chloride content of a water sample using Mohr's method of titration. Chlorides are commonly found in water and their concentration impacts taste and corrosion. The method involves titrating the water sample with a standard silver nitrate solution, which reacts with chloride ions to form a white silver chloride precipitate. The titration endpoint is reached when excess silver nitrate reacts with potassium chromate indicator to form a colored complex, allowing the chloride concentration in mg/L to be calculated based on the titrant amount and sample volume. Standards for acceptable chloride levels in drinking water are also listed.

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    Determination of Chloride Content of The Given Water Sample

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    31 views14 pages
    This document outlines a procedure to determine the chloride content of a water sample using Mohr's method of titration. Chlorides are commonly found in water and their concentration impacts taste and corrosion. The method involves titrating the water sample with a standard silver nitrate solution, which reacts with chloride ions to form a white silver chloride precipitate. The titration endpoint is reached when excess silver nitrate reacts with potassium chromate indicator to form a colored complex, allowing the chloride concentration in mg/L to be calculated based on the titrant amount and sample volume. Standards for acceptable chloride levels in drinking water are also listed.

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    This document outlines a procedure to determine the chloride content of a water sample using Mohr's method of titration. Chlorides are commonly found in water and their concentration impacts taste and corrosion. The method involves titrating the water sample with a standard silver nitrate solution, which reacts with chloride ions to form a white silver chloride precipitate. The titration endpoint is reached when excess silver nitrate reacts with potassium chromate indicator to form a colored complex, allowing the chloride concentration in mg/L to be calculated based on the titrant amount and sample volume. Standards for acceptable chloride levels in drinking water are also listed.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    31 views14 pages

    Determination of Chloride Content of The Given Water Sample

    Uploaded by

    A
    This document outlines a procedure to determine the chloride content of a water sample using Mohr's method of titration. Chlorides are commonly found in water and their concentration impacts taste and corrosion. The method involves titrating the water sample with a standard silver nitrate solution, which reacts with chloride ions to form a white silver chloride precipitate. The titration endpoint is reached when excess silver nitrate reacts with potassium chromate indicator to form a colored complex, allowing the chloride concentration in mg/L to be calculated based on the titrant amount and sample volume. Standards for acceptable chloride levels in drinking water are also listed.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 14

    Determination of

    chloride content of the


    given water sample
    AIM

    To determine the Chlorides of given water


    sample with the stipulations as per
    IS: 3025 (Part 32)-Reaffirmed 2003.
    Introduction
    Chlorides are widely distributed as salts of calcium,
    sodium and potassium in water and wastewater.

    In potable water, the salty taste produced by chloride


    concentrations is variable and dependent on the chemical
    composition of water.

    The major taste producing salts in water are sodium


    chloride and calcium chloride.
    Introduction
    Significant in

    • Chlorides associated with sodium (Sodium Chloride)


    exert salty taste when its concentration is more than 250
    mg/L. These impact a salty taste to water.
    • It can also corrode concrete.
    • Chloride determinations in natural waters are useful in
    the selection of water supplies for human use.
    •To determine the type of desalting apparatus to be used.
    • Chlorides interfere in the determination of chemical
    oxygen demand (COD).
    PRINCIPLE (Mohr’s Method)
    The amount of chloride present in water can be easily
    determined by titrating the given water sample with silver
    nitrate solution.

    The silver nitrate reacts with chloride ion according to1 mole
    of AgNO3 reacts with 1 mole of chloride. The titrant
    concentration is generally 0.02 M.

    Silver chloride is precipitated quantitatively, before red silver


    chromate is formed. The end of titration is indicated by
    formation of red silver chromate from excess silver nitrate.

    The results are expressed in mg/L of chloride (Cl- with a


    molecular weight of 35.453 g/mol).
    PRINCIPLE
    The chloride ion reacts quantitatively with standard silver
    nitrate solution to form the white silver chloride
    precipitate as exemplified by the following equation:

    NaCl+AgNO3 AgCl + NaN3

    Under natural or slightly alkaline conditions, the presence


    of excess silver ions is detected by means of potassium
    chromate due to the formation of the coloured silver
    chromate i.e.

    2AgNO3 + K2CrO4 Ag2CrO4 + 2KNO3


    APPARATUS REQUIRED
    1. Burette with Burette stand and porcelain title
    2. Pipettes with elongated tips
    3. Pipette bulb
    4. Conical flask
    5. 250 mL Measuring cylinders
    6. Standard flask
    7. Wash Bottle
    8. Beakers
    CHEMICALS REQUIRED
    Silver nitrate
    Phenolphthalein Indicator
    Sodium chloride
    Potassium chromate
    Procedure
    CALCULATION
    PREPARATION OF REAGENTS

    Standard Sodium Chloride Solution


    Standard Silver Nitrate (0.0282 N)
    Potassium Chromate Indicator
    Calculation

    Chlorides mg/ l = (Vs – VB) * Normality * 35.45 * 1000


    Volume of sample taken
    Recommended standards for Chlorides in
    drinking water mg/l as CaCO3

    Authority Acceptable Limit in Max. Permissible


    mg/lit Limit in mg/lit

    WHO 200 600

    GOI 200 1000

    BIS 250 1000

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