Communicative

Competence
Dell Hymes

by: peyt
EL215 Com Competence Dell Hymes 4 Competence Model

NOITINIFED
Is the capacity to understand and employ language efficiently
What is to converse in proper school and social settings.

Communicative It is grammatical understanding of syntax, morphology,

Competence?

CITSIUGNIL
phonology of someone speaking a language.
Linguistics involves the study and implementation of syntax
spelling and punctuation, language standards, vocabulary, etc.

ESRUOCSID
One has to be conscious of the base knowledge and
expressions used.

There should be an understanding of cultural references,

OICOS
actions that are not verbal, and the laws of social
CIGETARTS communication (e.g., politeness, directness, etc.)

Strategically, one has to employ techniques to become fluent

in communication and bridge gaps in language.
EL215 Com Competence Dell Hymes 4 Competence Model

Learn about: dell hymes

Hymes was one of the leading figures in linguistic Dell H
anthropology and sociolinguistics, a pioneer who took y
the field in many new directions. These include the

m
study of relations between and among language,

es
culture, and society; language and literature; the
ethnography of speaking and communication; the
history of anthropology and linguistics; language
history and language change; the role of language in
creating and reflecting social inequalities; and the
pidginization and creolization of languages.
Gemini

Developed the term 'Communicative Competence'

and 'SPEAKING Model'.
Born: June 7, 1927
Portland, Oregon
Died: November 13, 2009 (aged 82)
EL215 Com Competence Dell Hymes 4 Competence Model

•“…a normal child acquires knowledge of sentences not only

as grammatical, but also as appropriate. He or she acquires
competence as to when to speak, when not, and as to what
to talk about with whom, when, where, in what manner. In
short, a child becomes able to accomplish a repertoire of
speech acts, to take part in speech events, and to evaluate
their accomplishment by others.”
(Hymes 1972, 277)
COMPETENCE
LINGUISTIC
SOCIOLINGUISTIC
DISCOURSE
STRATEGICAL
EL215 Com Competence Dell Hymes 4 Competence Model

LINGUISTICS

SCITENOHP
The recognition of the sounds and how they are
pronounced (also called as phonetics)

SCITNAMES
How meaning is passed on through language (or
semantics)

The laws that decide the pattern of phrases and words to

XATNYS
build sentences (syntax)

Creating words through inflection and derivation

OHPROM
(morphology)

YGOLONOHP
The laws of sound interactions and patterns (Phonology)

It is the grasp over the language code or, in other words,

vocabulary and grammar. It also includes knowledge of
written representation, i.e., orthography and script.
EL215 Com Competence Dell Hymes 4 Competence Model

Linguistic competence asks:

What words do I use? How do I put them into
phrases and sentences?

COMPETENCE
LINGUISTIC
SOCIOLINGUISTIC
DISCOURSE
STRATEGICAL
EL215 Com Competence Dell Hymes 4 Competence Model

SOCIOLINGUISTIC
Understanding how a particular attitude
(irony, courteousness, friendliness, authority,
etc.) is shown.

What is something politically correct way to

describe something

The politeness signs employed in each

instances.

The taboos of a different culture, etc.,

It is the understanding of sociocultural law of use, such
as the knowledge of how to respond to and use
language correctly.
EL215 Com Competence Dell Hymes 4 Competence Model

Sociolinguistic competence asks:

Which words and phrases fit this setting and this
topic? How can I express a specific attitude
(courtesy, authority, friendliness, respect) when I
need to? How do I know what attitude another
person is expressing?

COMPETENCE
LINGUISTIC
SOCIOLINGUISTIC
DISCOURSE
STRATEGICAL
EL215 Com Competence Dell Hymes 4 Competence Model

DISCOURSE
It is the understanding of how to bring
together language structures to form a
comprehensible and cohesive written or
oral text of various kinds.

Therefore, discourse competence involves

organizing sentences, phrases, and words to
form newspaper articles, email, messages,
poetry, speeches, conversations, etc.
It is the understanding, comprehension, and the
production of written texts or verbal forms through the
medium of listening/reading and speaking /writing.
EL215 Com Competence Dell Hymes 4 Competence Model

Discourse competence asks:

How are words, phrases and sentences put
together to create conversations, speeches, email
messages, newspaper articles?

COMPETENCE
LINGUISTIC
SOCIOLINGUISTIC
DISCOURSE
STRATEGICAL
EL215 Com Competence Dell Hymes 4 Competence Model

STRATEGICAL Example- The speaker might not know a particular

word. They might decide to either enquire the
equivalent in the desired language or paraphrase.

While communicating, background noise and other

things might defer communication; as a result, the
speaker must be aware of the process.

The communication might fail because of external

reason (like interruptions) or because of a
misunderstanding.

It is the capacity to identify and fix communication The speaker should be able to restore
breakdowns after, during, or before they take place.
communication.
EL215 Com Competence Dell Hymes 4 Competence Model

Strategic competence asks:

How do I know when I’ve misunderstood or when someone
has misunderstood me? What do I say then? How can I
express my ideas if I don’t know the name of something or
the right verb form to use? What strategies can I use to
manage and increase my sociolinguistic and discourse
competence?

EL215 Com Competence Dell Hymes 4 Competence Model

Let's talk about:

MODEL
EL215 Com Competence Dell Hymes 4 Competence Model

Speaking
Physical circumstances When and where
Setting and Scene communication take place
Ex: Hearing in the court; simple class discussion

model
Participants Speaker and audience
Ex: friends; business tycoons

Purposes, goals and outcomes

Ends Ex: to persuade, to inform

by: dell hymes Form and order of event

Acts Sequence Ex: begin- middle-end

Tone, manner or spirit

Key Ex: lively, serious

Forms and styles of speech

Instrumentalities Ex: informal, formal

Social rules
Norms Ex: Do’s and Don’ts

Kind of speech act or event

Genre Ex: anecdotes to entertain or to give moral
lessons.
Let's talk about:

THEORIES &
MODELS
 other theories of
In 1980, the applied linguists Canale and
Swain published an influential article in COMMUNICATIVE
which they proposed that the ability to
1 communicate required three different COMPETENCE
sub-competencies: Grammatical,
Sociolinguistic, Strategic competence

Lyle Bac
In 1990, Bachman simply calls it "language

hm
competence", talking about grammatical and
discourse competence under one node, which

an
2 appropriately calls organizational competence: all
those rules and systems that dictate, whether they
can be sentence-level rules (grammar) or rules that
makes us how we structured or string sentences
together (discourse)
 PROPOSED THEORY AND MODEL BY:

CANALE AND SWAIN (1980)

Canale & Swain's (1980) components of communicative competence (based on Dörnyei & Thurrell, 1991, p.17).

PROPOSED THEORY AND MODEL BY:

CANALE (1983)
 PROPOSED THEORY AND MODEL BY:

BACHMAN (1990)

Components of Language Competence (Bachman, 1990, p. 87)

 PROPOSED THEORY AND MODEL BY:
CELCE-MURCIA, DÖRNYEI AND THURRELL (1995)

Communicative
Competence

Linguistic Competence
Strategic Competence
Sociocultural Competence
Actional Competence
Discourse Competence
Sources:
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