DEFLECTIONS

THE MOMENT-AREA METHOD

Theorem 1:
The change of slope between the tangents drawn to the
elastic curve at any two points A and B is equal to the
product of 1/EI multiplied by the area of the moment
diagram between these two points, provided that the elastic
curve is continuous between two points. In symbol,

1
qB/A = (areaAB)
EI
DEFLECTIONS
THE MOMENT-AREA METHOD
Theorem 2:
The deviation of any point B relative to the tangent drawn to
the elastic curve at any other point A, in a direction
perpendicular to the original position of the beam, is equal
to the product of 1/EI multiplied by the moment of an area
about B of that part of the moment diagram between points
A and B, provided that the elastic curve is continuous
between the two points. In symbol,

1
tB/A = (areaAB · xB)
EI
DEFLECTIONS
THE MOMENT-AREA METHOD

Load
B Diagram
A
tB/A
Elastic qB/A
curve
x

M/EI
cg
Diagram
DEFLECTIONS
THE MOMENT-AREA METHOD
Rules of Sign:
(1) The deviation at any point is positive if the point lies
above the tangent, negative if the point is below the
tangent.
A B
tB/A (+)

tB/A (-)
A B
DEFLECTIONS
THE MOMENT-AREA METHOD
Rules of Sign:
(2) Measured from left tangent, if q is counterclockwise,
the change of slope is positive, negative if q is clockwise.

A B
qB/A (+)

qB/A (-)
A B
DEFLECTIONS
THE MOMENT-AREA METHOD
Moment Diagram by Parts
TYPE OF CANTILEVER
DEG MOMENT DIAGRAM AREA x
LOADING BEAM

M b=L
x 1
Couple 0° bh b
L h = -M 2
x

P
b=L
x
1 1
Concentrated 1° h = -PL bh b
2 3
L x
DEFLECTIONS
THE MOMENT-AREA METHOD
Moment Diagram by Parts
TYPE OF CANTILEVER
DEG MOMENT DIAGRAM AREA x
LOADING BEAM

w b=L x
Uniformly 1 1
2° -wL2 bh b
Distributed h= 3 4
L x 2

w
b=L x
Uniformly 1 1
3° -wL2 bh b
Varying h= 4 5
x 6
L
SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 1
For the beam shown, compute the moment of area of the
moment diagram about the left end.

600 N/m

B C
A D

2m 3m 1m
SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 1
600 N/m

Moment of area of the moment diagram about

B C the left end:
A D
1 2 
area AD  x A  (1500)(5)   5 
2m 3m 1m 2 3 
300 N 600 N 1  1 
 (600)(1)  5   1
2  3 
1500 1  4 
 (900)(3)  2   3 
4  5 
600
area AD  x A  11,130 N  m 3

3°
-900
SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 2
For the overhanging beam shown, compute the moment of
area about C of the moment diagram included between the
supports at A and C.

60 lb/ft
B
A D
C

4 ft 8 ft 4 ft
SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 2
60 lb/ft
Moment of area about C of the moment diagram
B included between the supports at A and C
A D
C
1 1 
4 ft 8 ft 4 ft area AC  xC  (1440)(12)   12 
2 3 
120 lb 600 lb 1 1 
 (1920)(8)   8 
3 4 
1440
area AC  xC  24,320 lb  ft 3

-480
2°

-1920
SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 3
Determine the slope at point C of the beam. E = 200 GPa
and I = 360x106 mm4.

40 kN

C
A B

2m 4m 2m
SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 3
40 kN
1
tB / A  (area AB  xB )
C θ EI
A
A B 1 1 1  1 2 
 (60)(6)   6  2   (60)(2)   2 
θC EI  2 3  2  3 
2m 4m 2m tB/A
θC/A 800 kN  m 3
tB / A 
10 kN 30 kN EI

60 tB / A 100 kN  m 2
A  
8m EI
20 100 kN  m 2 20 kN  m 2
C   A  C / A  
EI EI
80 kN  m 2
C 
1 1 1  EI
C / A  (area AC )  (20)(2)
EI EI  2 
80(1000)(1000) 2
20 kN  m 2 C 
C / A  200(1000)(360  106 )
EI
C  0.0011 rad
SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 4
What is the value of EIy at A and B for the beam loaded as
shown?

150 N/m
B C
A
2m 2m
SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 4
150 N/m
900 N-m
B C 1
y A  t A/ C  ( area AC  x A )
A EI
tB/C
tA/C 2m 2m 1  1 3  1  1 
   (300)(2)   2   (600)(2)  2   2
EI  3 4  2  3 
300 N
 1 
900(2)  2   2  
600  2 
EIy A  4100 N  m 3

2° 1
y B  t B /C  (areaBC  xB )
-300 EI
1 1 1  1 
 2 (600)(2)   2   900(2)   2 
-900 EI   3   2 

EIy B  1400 N  m 3
SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 5
For the beam loaded as shown, compute the value of EIyB
and the location of the maximum deflection and the
magnitude of maximum EIy.

300 N

B
A C

1m 1m 1m
SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 5
300 N
tC / A 400 N  m 2
A  
B 3m 3EI
A yB C
tB/A 1
θA tB / A  (area AB  xB )
1m 1m 1m tC/A EI
1 1  1   50 N  m
3
100 N 200 N  (100)(1)   1  
EI  2  3  3EI
200

100 y B   A (1 m )  tB / A
400 N  m 2 50 N  m 3
 (1 m) 
3EI 3EI
y B   A (1 m )  tB / A
EIyB  116.67 N  m3
1
tC / A  (area AC  xC )
EI
1 1 1  1  2 
 2 (200)(2)   2  1   (200)(1)   1 
EI   3  2  3 
400 N  m 3
tC / A 
EI
 SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 5
300 N
Location of maximum deflection:
B 1
tA/DA ymax C  A  D/ A  (area AD )
D EI
θA 400 1  1 
1m 1m 1m  (100 x )( x )
x
θD/A 3EI EI  2 
100 N 200 N
x  1.633 m
200
100x

Value of maximum deflection:

1
ymax  t A/ D  ( area AD  x A )
EI
1 1 2 
 2 (100  1.633)(1.633)   1.633 
EI   3 

EIymax  145.16 N  m 3
SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 6
For the beam loaded as shown, compute the value of EIy at
midway between the supports and at the end of the
overhang.

20 kN/m 30 kN

B
A C

4m 2m
 SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 6
30 kN 1
20 kN/m t A/ B  (area AB  x A )
EI
B 1 1 2  1  3 
A   
C (100)(4)  4  (160)(4)   4 
EI  2  3  3 4 
tA/B 4m 2m 320 kN  m3
t A/ B 
25 kN 85 kN 3EI

100

-60
2°

-160
 SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 6
tA/B 30 kN 1
20 kN/m t A/ B  (area AB  x A )
θB EI
B 1 1 2  1  3 
A   
C (100)(4)  4  (160)(4)   4 
θB EI  2  3  3 4 
4m 2m tC/B 320 kN  m3
t A/ B 
25 kN 85 kN 3EI

t A/ B 80 kN  m 2
100 B  
4m 3EI

1 1 1 2 
tC / B  ( areaBC  xC )  ( 60)(2)   2 
EI EI  2  3 
-60 80 kN  m3
tC / B 
2° EI

-160
 SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 6
tA/B 20 kN/m 30 kN
θB
B Value of deflection at overhanging end:
A C
θB yC yC   B (2 m)  tC / B
4m 2m tC/B
80 kN  m 2 80 kN  m3
25 kN 85 kN  (2 m) 
3EI EI

EIyC  133.33 kN  m 3
100

-60
2°

-160
SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 6
1
tB / A  (area AB  xB )
30 kN EI
20 kN/m
1 1 1  1 1 
 (100)(4)   4   (160)(4)   4 
B EI  2 3  3 4 
A C
D yD
tD/A 160 kN  m3
θA tB / A 
4m tB/A 2m 3EI
25 kN 85 kN
tB / A 40 kN  m 2
A  
4m 3EI
100
50 1
tD / A  (area AD  xD )
EI
1 1 1  1 1 
 (50)(2)   2   (40)(2)   2 
-40 EI  2 3  3 4 
-60
20 kN  m3
2° tD / A 
EI

-160
SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 6

20 kN/m 30 kN

B Value of deflection at midway between the supports:

A C
D yD
θA tD/A y D   A (2 m )  tD / A
4m tB/A 2m
40 kN  m 2 20 kN  m3
25 kN 85 kN  (2 m) 
3EI EI

EIy D  6.67 kN  m 3
100
50

-40
-60
2°

-160