MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL

EDUCATION

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

MURTIZAPUR.
2020-2021

A MICRO PROJECT REPORT

(SUBMITTED SUCCESSFULLY FOR SUBJECT)

MICRO PROJECT ON:

COMMERCIAL AND RESIDENTIAL INSTALLATIONS

-Subject -
Illumination and Electrification of Building (IEB)
(Code :- 22530)

GUIDE BY :-
PROF. UMAR FAROOQUE KHANSIRLECTURE IN ELECTRICAL
DEPARTMENT

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 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL
EDUCATION

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. / Ms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

roll no . . . . . . . of fifth semester in “ ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING “ of
institute Government Polytechnic Murtizapur (code — 1241)" has
completed the micro-project in subjects: (Illumination and
Electrification of Building (IEB))for academic year 2021 to 2022 as
prescribed in the curriculum.

Place :- MurtizapurEnrollmentNo :- _______

Date :- / / 2021Exam Seat No :-________

Subject teacher Head of department Principal

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Group Members

ROLL NAME OF STUDENT ENROLLMENT

NO. NO.
8 GAURAV N. JADHAV 1812410108

13 PAVAN D. ALASPURKAR 1912410189

60 PANKAJ K. SHINDE 1912410235

79 QAZI TANVIRUDDIN QAZI 2012410249

AHMADUDDIN

83 SUMIT S. RAUT 2012410253

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Index

Sr. no. Topic Page no.

1. Commercial 5.
Installation

2. Types of buildings 6.
 Small installation
 Medium large
installations
 Large installations

3. Residential 10.
Lighting
(Illumination)

4. Illumination levels 11.

for domestic
lighting.

5. Lighting system in 12.

residentailLighthing

6. Residential
13.
llumination design

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COMMERCIAL INSTALLATIONS

The electrical installation work which is carried out in buildings which are mainly
used for the commercial purpose is called as Commercial Installation.

As per above definition the installation work carried out in hotels, schools,
colleges, hospitals, shopping complexes, hotels, cinema halls etc. come under the
above category.

The distribution of electrical energy to these different buildings should be such as

to meet their needs.

The fundamental considerations for electrical installations in any building are the
methods of power distribution for various electrical appliances, motors etc. and
for light and fan loads..

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION SYSTEM FOR

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS

From plan the number of light points, fan points, plug points i.e. general light and
fan load is determined in addition the requirement of power loads for motors and
other equipments is determined.

From this load requirement the number and size of sub-circuits is determined. .

Generally, every sub-circuit should have a load of 800 watts or 8-10 points
(maximum), for light and fan, here we are required to make provision of spare
sub-circuits for future expansions, otherwise a load of 500 W or so per circuit with
nearly 6-8 points per circuit will not need any spare sub-circuits for future
expansion.

On each power sub-circuit a load of 2000 watts or 2 outlets should be provided.

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Load Calculations and Selection of Size of Service Connection and
Nature of Supply

All buildings are supplied power by the authorized agency such as Electricity
Boards etc.

They have their distribution network from which a 230 volts single phase or 400
volts three-phase supply is provided by means of underground cable or overhead
service.

For very big complex or high buildings having demand more than 50 kVA, the
supply agency makes the consumer to adopt H.T. supply at 11 kV, 6.6 kV or 3.3 kV
depending upon the feeder supply.

They have to erect their own sub-station to feed the desired voltage.

The internal distribution for different types of buildings (commercial) will be as

discussed below:

Types of buildings
 Small installation
 Medium large installations
 Large installations

[1] Small installation

In case of small installations a single-phase supply can be taken from a main

switch and separate switch for light and fans and power circuit will be
orovided. The circuits are connected to distribution boxes separately from

D.B. sub-circuits are connected.

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 [2] medium large installation

The buildings in which there are different power and lighting requirements can be
considered as medium large installation.

For such installation' the load requirement may be more than 10 kW and less than
30 kW. A three phase 4-wire type supply is provided to such installation. As the
power and lighting loads are to be balanced over the three-phase 4 wire type of
service connection is provided to supply such type of installations

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[3] large installation
The large installation may be a multi-storied building, a big hotel, a big
college, which will have number of light points and number of other
items like room coolers, air conditioners, refrigerators etc.

The load may be too high to be taken directly from supply agencies low
tension supply system hence, in such cases a sub-station is required to
be erected by the owner, to which supply at 11 kV or 33 kV is fed and
the consumer receives, 400 volts 3-phase, 4wire type low voltage supply
for his premises.

The supply at 11 kV is received and connected through circuit breakers

or drop-out fuses to transformer and from transformer to low voltage
switch board.
From this the supply is distributed to different parts of the building.
The position of sub-station is taken near to the load-centre. represents
the arrangement of transformer for low voltage distribution.

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9
Residential Lighting (Illumination)

Let us first of all know the suitable lamps/luminaries for residential purpose and
illumination levels required for different parts of the residential area.

light Sources for Room Lighting Residential Lighting

1. Fluorescent tubes

2. CFLS

3. Triphosphor fluorescent lamps

4. LED-lamps

Accessories / fittings / luminaries

1. Wall brackets

2. Ceiling mounted

3. Floor mounted

4. Table mounted glass type or metal based finish.

5. Corner attached

6. Pendants

7. Use of fiber optics for high lighting show pieces, bathrooms

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Illumination levels for domestic lighting.

Location Lux level

Entrance , hallways 100

Living rooms 300

dining room 150

Bed room 200

General 300

Dressing tables 200

Games room 100

Table games 300

Kitchen 200

Kitchen sink 200

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Lighting system in residentiallighting
[1] General lighting

Combination of triphosphor fluorescent lamps and CFL lamp gives best results.
Luminaires should be located properly so that they do not reflect from mirrors,
windowpanes, TV screen etc. Fan is to be installed or high level than the
luminaries to avoid shadow.

[2] Decorative lighting

Fancy table lamps of fibre glasses, linear and spiral light fixtures can be used for
decorative lighting.

[3] Utility lighting

Dressing room and reading rooms require adequate amount of light without
shadows any glare.
So most suitable lamp is CFL.

[4] Mood lighting

General and decorative lighting can be converted into soft dimmed lighting, which
creates mood and for this purpose voltage varying methods can be used

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Residential Illumination design
Knowing the illuminations levels required and deciding suitable lamps required,
the mathematical calculations are worked out by different methods.

After calculations, the disposition of lamps is shown on the plan.

Following three methods are used for such designing out of which 2nd method is
generally used. These methods are:

1. Watts /m2 method

2. Lumens/light Lux method
3. point to point method

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