General Mathematics

Quarter 2 – Module 2:
Interest, Maturity, Future, and
Present Values in Simple and
Compound Interests

CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2

General Mathematics – Senior High School
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 2: Interest, Maturity, Future, and Present Values in Simple
First Edition, 2020

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General Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 2:
Interest, Maturity, Future, and
Present Values in Simple and
Compound Interests
Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear

learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities,
questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you
to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you
step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in

each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module
or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better
understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer
the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each
activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are
also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on
how they can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on
any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises
and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in

answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher
or facilitator.

Thank you.

iii
 What I Need to Know
Know
On your previous module, you have already illustrated and distinguished the
difference between simple and compound interests. A deeper analysis of this topic
will be the focus of this module wherein the relationships among the variables in
solving the simple and compound interest will be explored.

You will realize the importance of deriving a certain formula to compute the
required variable involved in interest. The connection among interest, principal or
present value, rate, time and maturity value will be reiterated. This topic will also
revolve around money and since it is talking about money you will learn more on
how to make decisions that concerns about it.
Are you now ready for the new lesson, if so you may proceed to this module
and have fun while learning.

The module is composed of two lessons, namely:

 Lesson 1 – Interest, Maturity, Future, and Present Values in Simple Interest
 Lesson 2 – Interest, Maturity, Future, and Present Values in Compound
Interest
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. compute interest, maturity value, future value, and present value in simple
interest environment;
2. compute interest, maturity value, future value, and present value in compound
interest environment; and
3. derive the formula of simple and compound interest to compute the maturity,
future, and present value.

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CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
 What I Know

Let’s find out how far you might already know about this topic by answering
the assessment below.
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. Which of the following is the formula to find the simple interest?
a. 𝐼𝑠 = 𝑃𝑟𝑡
b. 𝐼𝑠 = 𝑃(1 + 𝑟)𝑡
c. 𝐼𝑠 = 𝐹 − 𝑃
𝐹
d. 𝐼𝑠 = (1+𝑟)𝑡
2. What formula will be used to find the present value of simple interest?
a. 𝑃 = 𝐼𝑠 𝑟𝑡
𝐼
b. 𝑃 = 𝑟𝑡𝑠
𝑟𝑡
c. 𝑃 = 𝐼𝑠
𝐼𝑟
d. 𝑃 = 𝑠𝑡
3. If the investment amounting to ₱35,000 earned an interest of ₱2,500 how much
will be the maturity value?
a. ₱32,500
b. ₱37,500
c. ₱30,000
d. ₱40,000
4. Given that P = ₱5,250, r = 1.25% and t = 5 years, find the simple interest.
a. ₱32,812.50
b. ₱3,281.25
c. ₱328.13
d. ₱32.82
1
5. Given that P = ₱10,500, r = 4 2% and t = 8 months, find the simple interest.
a. ₱315
b. ₱3,150
c. ₱3,780
d. ₱31,500
6. Which of the following is the formula to find the compound interest?
a. 𝐼𝑐 = 𝑃(1 + 𝑟)𝑡
b. 𝐼𝑐 = 𝐹 − 𝑃
𝐹
c. 𝐼𝑐 = (1+𝑟)𝑡
𝑖 𝑚 𝑚𝑡
d. 𝐼𝑐 = 𝑃(1 + )
𝑚
7. What is the frequency of conversion if the annual rate is compounded quarterly?

a. 2 c. 4
b. 3 d. 12

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CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
8. If the interest rate is 5% compounded monthly, what is the interest rate per
conversion period?
a. 2.5%
b. 1.67%
c. 1.25%
d. 0.42%
9. Given that 𝐼𝑠 = 750, r = 5% and t = 3 years, what is the principal or present
value?
a. ₱50
b. ₱500
c. ₱5.000
d. ₱50,000
10. If F = ₱25,000 and P = ₱20,000, how much is the compound interest?
a. ₱45,000
b. ₱25,000
c. ₱20,000
d. ₱5,000

For numbers 11 – 12, use the following values: F = 40,000, t = 3 ½ years, 𝑖 4 = 0.10
and m= 4
11. What is the present value?
a. ₱30, 000.25
b. ₱28, 309.09
c. ₱25, 307.15
d. ₱20, 432.75
12. How much is the compound interest?
a. ₱9,999.75
b. ₱11,690.91
c. ₱14,692.85
d. ₱19,567.25
13. If the maturity value is ₱23,000 and the compound interest is ₱3,500, how
much is the present value?
a. ₱26,500
b. ₱23,000
c. ₱19,500
d. ₱15,000

For numbers 14 – 15, use the following values: P = ₱15,000, 𝑖12 = 5%, t = 4 years, m
= 12.

14. How much is the maturity value?

a. ₱18, 313.43
b. ₱17, 413.37
c. ₱16, 313.37
d. ₱15, 413.43
15. How much is the compound interest?
a. ₱413.43
b. ₱1,313.37
c. ₱2,413.37
d. ₱3, 313.43

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CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
 Lesson Interest, Maturity, Future,
1 and Present Values in
Simple Interest

Business transactions are common events we experienced in our daily lives

like banking, financing, marketing and pawning activities which involves
withdrawals, deposits, used of credit cards and others. When these transactions
occur there are two parties involved the lender and the borrower hence there involves
a particular amount which we call interest.

Everything that we have right now is just borrowed, our talents, jobs, and even
our lives. God is the sole person who does not charge interest from what He lent.
However, the money that we borrowed or loaned from others once paid earned an
interest which will be tackled in this module.

What’s In

For you to begin consider the previous lesson essential in obtaining success
in this module. In the last module, you differentiate simple and compound interest.
Simple interest is computed by multiplying the principal (P) by the rate (r) and the
length of time (t) (I=Prt) while compound interest is computed on the principal plus
the accumulated past interests.
Different terms related to simple and compound interest were also given emphasis
such as the lender or creditor which refers to the person who invests or makes funds
available and the borrower or debtor which refers to the person who owes the money.
Moreover, different terms essential in the interest formula were also explained such
as time or term, principal or present value, rate, and maturity value. However,
additional terms for compound interest were also given importance such as
frequency of conversion, nominal rate, and rate of interest for each conversion period.
These terms will be useful for you to have a better grasp of this module.
Other skills such as expressing percent to decimals is also necessary for example:
Express the following as decimal:

1. 12% - 0.12
2. 10.5% - 0.105
3. 300% - 3
1
4. 82% - 0.85

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CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
 Notes to the Teacher
Use of calculator in this module is allowed because it will help
them to easily compute what is asked, however reiterate to the
learners that to ensure the accuracy and precision of the solution
the use of correct formula is necessary. Also, inform them that in
other books different variables were used to represent the
components of interest formula, it will not affect the result as long
as the relationship with other variables is the same with the
relationship to be presented in this module.

What’s New

Read and analyze the situation below.

Let’s Save
Janice and Jamaica are both senior high school students. After class the two had
conversation:
Janice: Wow, your cellphone is so cool! Is that new?

Jamaica: Thank you! And yes, I just bought it yesterday.

Janice: Did your mother give you money? What will you do with your old cellphone?

Jamaica: No, I saved up my allowance to accumulate enough money to buy this

phone. I am still using my old phone. I will use my new phone for my social media
accounts.

Janice: How much is that?

Jamaica: It is only ₱2,300 but it is already android so I can download different

applications like Tiktok, Snapchat and games . Therefore, I will not be bored!

Janice: Oh! We are almost the same, I also saved ₱2,300 (already) from my allowance

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CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
Jamaica: What (do you plan) will you buy from your savings?

Janice: My old cellphone is still working, so I think there is no need for me to buy a
new one. It will be better if I save this money.

Jamaica: But your money might get lost if you will not spend it?

Janice: I saw from an advertisement in Cooperative Bank that the minimum amount
to open an account for students is ₱2,000, and they call it Kid Savers.

Jamaica: Is there an advantage if you put the money on the bank?

Janice: According to the advertisement there will be 2.5% interest in a year. I will use
it in my college education.

Questions:

1. What is the dialogue all about?

2. Do you think saving money is important? Explain your answer.
3. Do you think it is wrong for Jamaica to buy a new cellphone?
4. What can you say about Janice’s attitude towards money?
5. How much will Janice save after two years?
6. How do you value education?

What is It

From the previous conversation, you can say that allowance is one of the
sources of funds of ordinary students. A person may decide on what they want to do
with their money. In the scenario, there are two kinds of students. One who saves to
buy the things they wanted and the other one saves to invest for her future. In doing
so investing money in the bank earns interest. In computing the simple interest and
other related components, the formula is

𝐼𝑠 = 𝑃𝑟𝑡

where:
Is = simple interest

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CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
 P = principal or the amount invested or borrowed or present value
r = simple interest rate
t = time or term in years

The formula can be manipulated to obtain the following relationships:

The formula for finding the principal amount

𝐼𝑠
𝑃=
𝑟𝑡

The formula for finding the rate

𝐼𝑠
𝑟=
𝑃𝑡

The formula for finding the time

𝐼𝑠
𝑡=
𝑃𝑟

To find the maturity (future) value, you can use either of the following:

𝐹 = 𝑃(1 + 𝑟𝑡) or 𝐹 = 𝑃 + 𝐼𝑠

where:
F = maturity (future) value
Is = simple interest
P = principal or the amount invested or borrowed or present value
r = simple interest rate
t = time or term in years
Let us take the following for example:
Example 1: Given: 𝑃 = ₱18, 500, 𝑟 = 0.03, 𝑡 = 5. Find simple interest (𝐼𝑠 )

Solution:
Use the formula of Simple Interest 𝐼𝑠 = 𝑃𝑟𝑡

Substitute the given to the formula 𝐼𝑠 = 18,500(0.03)(5)

Performing the operation 𝐼𝑠 = ₱2,775

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CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
 Therefore, the simple interest is ₱2,775

Example 2: Given: 𝑃 = ₱20,000, 𝐼𝑠 = ₱4,000, 𝑡 = 4 . Find the rate (𝑟)

Solution:
𝐼
Use the formula in finding the rate 𝑟 = 𝑃𝑡𝑠
4000
Substitute the given to the formula 𝑟 = (20,000)(4)

Performing the operations r = 0.05

Express your answer in percent r = 5%

Therefore, the rate of interest is 5%.

Example 3: Given: 𝑃 = ₱40,000., 𝐼𝑠 = ₱700, 𝑟 = 7%. Find time (𝑡).

Solution:
𝐼
Use the formula in finding the time 𝑡 = 𝑃𝑟𝑠
700
Substitute the given to the formula 𝑡 = (40000)(0.07)

Performing the operations t = 0.25

Express your answer as unit of time t= ¼ year or 3 mos.

Therefore, the term or time in years is ¼ year or 3 months.

Example 4: Given: 𝑃 = ₱15,000, 𝑡 = 4 months, 𝑟 = 2%. Find maturity (future) value (𝐹).

Solution:

Use the formula of maturity value 𝐹 = 𝑃(1 + 𝑟𝑡)

1
Substitute the given to the formula 𝐹 = 15,000(1 + (0.02) ( ))
3
4𝑚𝑜𝑠. 1
Hint: time must be expressed in years so 4 months will become = 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟
12𝑚𝑜𝑠 3

Performing the operations F = ₱15,100

Alternative Solution:
1
Solve first the simple interest 𝐼𝑠 = (15,000)(0.02)(3)

Is = 100
Use the formula 𝐹 = 𝑃 + 𝐼𝑠 F = 15,000 +100
Therefore, the maturity value is ₱15,100

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CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
 What’s More

Activity 1.1
1. If P = ₱4,500, r = 1.25% and t = 5 years, find the simple interest.

a. What formula will be used? _______________________

b. How are you going to express the rate in percent? ______________

c. How much is the simple interest? ___________________________

2. If P = ₱5,000, = 2% and t = 8 mos., find the maturity value.

a. Which formula will you use? __________________________

b. How are you going to express the time in years? ___________________

c. How much is the maturity value? _________________________

Activity 1.2

Find the value of the required components in each item.

1. Find the simple interest and maturity value if P = ₱13,000, r = 0.8% and t=
2 ½ years.

2. If Is = ₱625, r = 2% and t =3 years, find the present value

Activity 1.3

Complete the table below by finding the unknown.

Principal Rate Time Interest Maturity

Value
₱45,000 2% 2.5 years
1.2% 4 years ₱4,560
₱105,000 3% ₱114,450

Guide Questions:

For the first set of values

a. What unknown variable will you solve first?
b. What formula will you use to find the missing values?

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CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
For the second set of values
a. Which among the missing components can be solved using the given?
b. How will you solve the next missing component?

For the third set of values

a. What formula will you use to find the missing value?
b. Which component can be solved first using the given?

Activity 1.4

Complete the table below by finding the unknown.

Principal Rate Time Interest Maturity

Value
₱60,000 5% 3 years
1½% 2 years ₱1,200
₱20,000 9 mos. ₱20,075

What I Have Learned

Read the paragraph carefully and supply the missing term/s in the blanks
that will make it logical.

In doing a business transaction one of the essential things to consider is the

interest because it will be the basis whether you have gained or lost. When the
interest is computed based on the principal it is called ______________ its formula is
______________. There are other components included in the simple interest formula
such as principal or present value, rate, time, and maturity value. In finding the
principal the formula ______________ will be used. Meanwhile the rate must be
expressed in ________ and in finding its value given the simple interest, principal and
time you will use the formula__________. Moreover, time should be expressed in
________. In a simple interest environment, the formula to be used in finding the time
is _____________. Lastly maturity value can be obtained by adding the __________ and
_________ or if the simple interest is not given you can use the formula
___________________.

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CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
 What I Can Do

Money Matters
Read and analyze the situation below, then answer the question that follows.

You are a new accounts clerk in Lucena Metropolitan Bank where you met
Mr. and Mrs. Smith who are planning for the education of their children in the future.
You introduce to them the advantage of time deposit having the following features:

Option A: 1.10% interest annually in 3 years,

Option B: 1.25% interest annually in 5 years
Option C: 1.75% interest annually in 8 years

The couple has an initial amount of ₱50,000 to be deposited. To help the

couple in deciding the terms of their investment make a proposal by completing the
table below.

PROPOSAL

PRINCIPAL TIME RATE INTEREST AMOUNT

₱50,000
₱50,000
₱50,000

Aside from the amount to be yielded at the end of each term what are the other
factors that you can consider?
List down the possible questions that you will ask to the couple to determine those
factors.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Is there any disadvantage in choosing each term? What are those?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
What advice or tips can be given to the couple in choosing the term of interest?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

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CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
Rubrics for the Task
Categories Excellent Fair Poor
3 2 1

Relevance of the Excellent Some Little to no

advice understanding in understanding in understanding in
creating advice for creating advice for creating advice for
choosing a plan choosing a plan choosing a plan

Interview Skills Excellent set of A fair set of A poor set of

questions that questions that questions that
elicit the answer to elicit the answer to elicit the answer to
help in the help in the help in the
decision making decision making decision making
process is given process is given process is given

Accuracy of The computations The computations There is no

Solution made are all made have flaws attempt in making
correct computation

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CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
 Lesson Interest, Maturity, Future,
2 and Present Values in
Compound Interest
The previous lesson reiterates the importance of simple interest in a certain
transaction. Interest is a natural event in a business transaction, however not all
interest is classified as simple interest some of them are considered compound
interest.

This lesson will delve into compound interest and the different components
involved in it such as present value and maturity value.

What’s In

For you to begin considering the lesson on the previous module which is
essential in obtaining success in this lesson. Compound interest is not like a simple
interest wherein only the principal is considered in the computation this type of
interest considers the principal and the accumulated past interest. The frequency of
conversion, nominal rate, and rate of interest for each conversion period will also
play an important role in this lesson.

In the previous lesson the maturity value is computed using the formula 𝐹 =
𝐼𝑠 + 𝑃 where F is the future value , Is is the simple interest and P the present value
or the Principal and to find the principal or present value given the interest and
maturity value the formula 𝑃 = 𝐹 − 𝐼𝑠 can be employed.
Let us take the following example.
Example 1: Given: P = ₱35,000 and Is = ₱ 4,000, find F.

Solution: F

F = ₱35,000 + ₱4,000 = ₱39,000

Example 2: Given: F = ₱50,000 and P = ₱45,000, find Is.

Solution:
Is = ₱50,000 – ₱45,000= ₱5,000

Example 3: Given Is = ₱2,000 and F = ₱23,000., fnd P.

Solution:

P = ₱23,000 - ₱2,000 b= ₱21,000

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CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
 What’s New
Read and analyze the situation below.

Let’s Save

Michael is planning to apply for a loan in a Cooperative Bank, he is already

aware of the terms and conditions of payment for his loan. When he is about to pass
his application form and compare his computation with the terms of payment
provided by the bank he notices some discrepancy.
Michael’s Computation Computation from the bank
Amount of Loan: ₱100,000 Amount of Loan: ₱100,000
Interest rate: 3% Interest rate: 3%
Due Date: After 3 years
Computation: Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Int 3000 6090 9272.70
I = (100,000)(0.03(3)
Amt 103,000 106,090 109,272.70
I = ₱9,000
Amount to be paid after 3 years
₱109,000

To be enlightened, he asked some explanations why they have different

computations and the bank gave him the detailed computation:

Initially at t = 0 ₱100,000
at t = 1 ₱100,000 (1.03) = ₱103,000
at t = 2 ₱103,000 (1.03) = ₱106,090
at t = 3 ₱106,090 (1.03) = ₱109,272.70
Questions
1. Is Michael’s computation correct?
____________________________________________________________

2. Is the bank’s computation fair? Why?

_____________________________________________________________

3. How much is the difference in the total amount to be paid between Michael’s
computation and the bank’s computation?
______________________________________________________________
4. Why do you think the bank’s computation yielded more interest?
______________________________________________________________

5. Do you think the bank committed an error in the computation of the amount
to be paid?
______________________________________________________________

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CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
 6. If the term of payment will be longer what do you think will happen between
the difference of the amount to be paid in Michael’s computation and the
bank’s computation?
_________________________________________________________________

7. If you are Michael and you follow the computation made by the bank do you
think there is a way to lessen the amount to be paid at the end of 3 years?
How?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

What is It

Notice that there is a difference between the computation of Michael and the
bank concerning the amount to be paid for the loan. Michael used simple interest to
find the amount to be paid for the loan for three years. While, the bank computes
first the interest for the first year and added it to the amount of loan, then the
resulting amount becomes the basis for computing the total amount to be paid for
the second year and it follows the same pattern for the third year. Interest plays a
major role in computation because it became one of the factors in determining the
amount to be paid for the succeeding years. In such a case, we call that compound
interest. To gain a better understanding of what compound interest is, the following
formulas will be taken into consideration.
To find the compound interest, which is compounded annually the formula to
find the maturity value is:

𝐹 = 𝑃(1 + 𝑟)𝑡
where:
F = maturity (future) value
P = principal or present value
r = interest rate
t = term or time in years

To find the compound interest use the formula:

𝐼𝑐 = 𝐹 − 𝑃

where:
𝐼𝑐 = compound interest
P = principal or present value
F = maturity (future) value

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CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
To find the present value or principal of the maturity value F due in t years the
formulas are:

𝐹
𝑃= 𝑃 = 𝐹(1 + 𝑟)−𝑡
(1 + 𝑟)𝑡 or

Example 1: Given: P= ₱18,500, r = 3% and compounded annually for 3 years, find

the maturity value (F) and the compound interest (Ic ).
Solution:
Use the formula of maturity value 𝐹 = 𝑃(1 + 𝑟)𝑡

Substitute the given to the formula 𝐹 = 18,500(1 + 0.03)3

Performing the operations F = ₱20,215.45

Apply the formula of compound interest 𝐼𝑐 = 𝐹 − 𝑃

Substitute the value of F that you get and P 𝐼𝑐 = 20,215.45 − 18500

Performing the operations 𝐼𝑐 = ₱1,715.45

Therefore, the maturity value is ₱20,215.45 and the compound interest

₱1,715.45

Example 2: Given F = ₱15,000, r = 2% compounded annually for 4 years, find the

present value (P).
Solution:
𝐹
Use the formula in finding the present value 𝑃 = (1+𝑟)𝑡

15000
Substitute the given to the formula 𝑃 = (1+0.02)4

Performing the operations P= ₱13,857.68

Therefore, the present value is ₱13,857.68

Compounding More Than Once a Year

In the examples above the interest are compounded annually, however, there are
cases that interest are compounded more than once a year so in this case additional
terms must be clarified such as:
Frequency of conversion (m) - number of conversion period in one year
Conversion or interest period – time between successive conversions of interest

16
CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
Total number of conversion periods (n)
n = mt = (frequency of conversion) 𝑥 (time in years)
Nominal rate (𝒊𝒎 ) - annual rate of interest or interest rate per year
𝑖 (𝑚) 𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡
Rate (j) of interest for each conversion period 𝑗 = = 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑚

Study the table below.

Situations m N 𝑖𝑚 j
2% compounded Annually m =1, t = 3 𝑖1 = 0.02 𝑖𝑚
𝑗=
annually for 3 𝑚
m=1 n = (1)(3)=3
years 0.02
𝑗= = 0.02
1

2% compounded Semi – m = 2, t = 3 𝑖 2 = 0.02 𝑗=

0.02
= 0.01
2
semi – annually annually
n = (2)(3)=6
for 3 years
m=2
2% compounded Quarterly m = 4, t = 3 𝑖 4 = 0.02 𝑗=
0.02
= 0.005
4
quarterly for 3
m=4 n =(4) (3)=12
years
2% compounded Monthly m = 12, t = 3 𝑖12 = 0.02 𝑗=
0.02
12
monthly for 3
m = 12 n = (12)(3) = 36 = 0.0016̅
years
2% compounded Daily m = 365, t = 3 𝑖 365 = 0.02 𝑗=
0.02
365
daily for 3 years
m = 365 n = (365(3) =1095

Since the rate for each conversion period is represented by j, then in t years, interest
is compounded mt times. Thus, the formula of Maturity Value for interest
compounding m times a year is:

𝐹 = 𝑃(1 + 𝑗)𝑛

where:
F = maturity value
P = present value
𝑖 (𝑚)
j=
𝑚
n = mt

Meanwhile, the formula in finding the present value given the maturity value is:

𝐹
𝑃=
(1 + 𝑗)𝑛

17
CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
Let us take the following for example:

Example 3: Given 𝑃 = ₱50,000.00, 𝑖 4 = 0.03, 𝑚 = 4, 𝑡 = 4, find F and Ic .

Solution:

Use the formula of maturity value 𝐹 = 𝑃(1 + 𝑗)𝑛

Solve for n and j 𝑛 = 𝑚𝑡; 𝑛 = 4(4); 𝑛 = 16

𝑖 (4) 0.03
𝑗= ;𝑗 = ;𝑗 = 0.0075
𝑚 4

Substitute the values of the known variables 𝐹 = 50,000(1 + 0.0075)16

Performing the operations 𝐹 = 56,349.61

Use the formula of compound interest 𝐼𝑐 = 𝐹 − 𝑃

Substitute the values of F and P 𝐼𝑐 = 56,349.61 − 50,000

Performing the operation 𝐼𝑐 = 6,349.61

Therefore, the maturity value is ₱56,349.61 and the compound interest is

₱6,349.61
Example 4: Given = ₱45,000.00, 𝑖 2 = 0.02, 𝑚 = 2, 𝑡 = 4, find Ic .

Solution:
𝐹
Use the formula for Present value 𝑃 = (1+𝑗)𝑛

Solve for n and j 𝑛 = 𝑚𝑡; 𝑛 = 2(4); 𝑛 = 8

𝑖 (2) 0.02
𝑗= ;𝑗 = ;𝑗 = 0.01
𝑚 2

45000
Substitute the values of the known variables 𝑃 = (1+0.01)8

Performing the operations 𝑃 = 41,556.75

Use the formula for compound interest 𝐼𝑐 = 𝐹 − 𝑃

Substitute the values of F and P 𝐼𝑐 = 45,000 − 41,556.75

Performing the operation 𝐼𝑐 = 3,443.25

Therefore, the present value is ₱41,556.75 and the compound interest is

₱3443.25

18
CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
 What’s More

Activity 2.1
Read each statement and answer the question that follows.
1. If P = ₱85,500, and r = 1.25% compounded monthly for 1 year, find the
compound interest.

What is the first component that should be computed? ____________________

What formula will be used? _______________________

How much is the maturity value? _____________________________

How will you find the simple interest? ______________

How much is the simple interest? ___________________________

2. If F = ₱50,000 with the rate 1.5% compounded quarterly for 5 years find the
present value and compound interest

Which should be find first present value or compound interest?

__________________________
How are you going to express the rate in decimal? ___________________

What formula will you use in finding the present value? ____________

How much is the present value? _________________________

How will you find the compound interest? _________________

How much is the compound interest? ______________________________

Activity 2.2

Find the value of the required components in each item.

1. Find the compound interest and maturity value if P = ₱43,000, with a rate of
5% is compounded semi-annually for 6 years.

2. Find the compound interest and present value if F = ₱105,000 with a rate of
2.5% is compounded quarterly for 3 years

19
CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
Activity 2.3
Complete the table below by finding the unknown.
Present Nominal Interest Interest Time in Total Compound Maturity
Value rate (i(m)) compounded per years number of Interest Value
conversion conversions
period (j) (n)
60,000 3% quarterly 3
6% semi- 4 40,000
annually

Guide Questions:
For the first set of values
a. What unknown variable will you solve first?
b. How are you going to find j?
c. What will be n?
d. How much is the maturity value?
e. How much is the compound interest?
For the second set of values
a. What unknown variable will you solve first?
b. How are you going to find j?
c. What will be n?
d. How much is the maturity value?
e. How much is the compound interest?
Activity 2.4
Complete the table below by finding the unknown.
Present Nominal Interest Interest Time in Total Compound Maturity
Value rate (i(m)) compounded per years number of Interest Value
conversion conversions
period (j) (n)
78,000 4% quarterly 6
12% monthly 3 50,000

20
CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
 What I Have Learned

I. Fill in the blanks to make the statements true.

1. In finding the total number of conversion period you will multiply __________ by
_____________.
2. To get the rate of interest for each conversion period the annual rate of interest
will be ________ by the frequency of conversion.
3. The formula in getting the compound interest given the present value and maturity
value is ____________________
4. The formula in getting the present value in a compound interest environment is
___________________
5. The formula __________________ is used to get the maturity value in a compound
interest environment.

II. In not more than three sentences explain how to compute the compound interest.
______________________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do
Money Matters

Read and analyze the situation below then answer the questions that follow.

Suppose you are a regular employee in a finance company that offers a loan
payable through salary deduction. One of its privileges is availing a loan that offers
a 5% interest compounded annually for 1 to 5 years. You are thinking to apply for a
loan but you wanted to analyze if you can shoulder the monthly payment. Make a
loan schedule and fill up an application form that will help you decide the amount of
loan that you will make
Loan Schedule
Loan Amount Maturity Value Monthly
t=1 t=2 t=3 t=4 t=5 Payment
₱10,000
₱20,000
₱30,000
₱40,000
₱50,000
₱100,000
₱150,000
₱200,000
₱250,000

21
CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
 Loan Application Form
Name: ________________________________________________________

Age:________________________ Date of Birth: ________________

Occupation: __________________________________________________

Monthly Income:______________________________________________

Sources of Funds:_____________________________________________

Loan Amount:_________________________________________________

Other Sources of Funds: ______________________________________

Monthly Payment of Loan:_____________________________________

Please answer the following questions truthfully:

1. Do you have an existing loans from other banks?
_________________________________________________________

2. What is the purpose of the loan?

_________________________________________________________
3. Can your salary cover the monthly payment of the loan? If not
do you have other resources to pay the monthly payment?
______________________________________________________

Rubrics for Scoring

Categories Excellent Fair Poor
3 2 1
Relevance of the Excellent Some Little to no
advice understanding in understanding in understanding in
creating advice for creating advice for creating advice for
choosing a plan choosing a plan choosing a plan
Planning The goal set is The goal set is The goal set is not
achievable and hard to achieve achievable and
realistic not realistic
Accuracy of The computations The computations There is no
Solution made are all made have flaws attempt in making
correct computation

22
CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
 Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following described to formula 𝐼𝑠 = 𝑃𝑟𝑡 ?
a. simple interest
b. compound interest
c. present value
d. maturity value

2. What will you get if you divide the simple interest by the product of the rate
and time?
a. present value of compound interest
b. present value of simple interest
c. maturity value of compound interest
d. maturity value of simple interest

3. If the investment amounting to ₱45,000 earned an interest of ₱3,500 how

much will be the maturity value?
a. ₱41,500
b. ₱48,500
c. ₱40,000
d. ₱25,000

4. Given that P = ₱15,250, r = 3.25% and t= 3 years, find the simple interest.
a. ₱24,868.80
b. ₱14,868.80
c. ₱1,486.88
d. ₱148.69

1
5. Given that P = ₱20,820, r = 24% and t = 9 months, find the simple interest.
a. ₱ 351.34
b. ₱ 3513.38
c. ₱ 4,216.05
d. ₱ 42160.50

6. Which of the following is the formula to find the maturity value of the
compound interest?
a. 𝐹 = 𝑃(1 + 𝑟)𝑡
b. 𝐹 = 𝐹 − 𝑃
𝐹
c. 𝐹 = (1+𝑟)𝑡
𝑖 (𝑚) 𝑚𝑡
d. 𝐹 = 𝑃(1 + )
𝑗

23
CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
 7. What is the frequency of conversion if the annual rate is compounded
monthly?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 12

8. If the interest rate is 12% compounded quarterly, what is the interest rate
per conversion period?
a. 3%
b. 2.5%
c. 1.25%
d. 0.42%

9. Given that 𝐼𝑠 = 3,750, r = 2 ½ % and t = 3 years, what is the principal or

present value?
a. ₱500
b. ₱5,000
c. ₱50,000
d. ₱500,000

10. Given that F = ₱50,000 and P = ₱35,000 how much is the compound
interest?
a. ₱15, 000
b. ₱25,000
c. ₱35,000
d. ₱45,000

For numbers 11 – 12, use the following values: F = 150,000, t = 6 years, 𝑖 2 = 5%

and m= 2

11. What is the present value?

a. ₱100,353.83
b. ₱111,533.38
c. ₱123,153.83
d. ₱132,531.38

12. How much is the compound interest?

a. ₱49646.17
b. ₱38466.62
c. ₱26846.17
d. ₱17468.62

24
CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
 13. If the maturity value is ₱50,000 and the compound interest is ₱3,500,
how much is the present value?

a. ₱53,500
b. ₱46,500
c. ₱46,000
d. ₱3,000

For numbers 14 – 15, use the following values: P=₱150,000, 𝑖 2 = 6%, t=4 years,
m=2

14. How much is the maturity value?

a. ₱190, 015.51
b. ₱179, 413.35
c. ₱167, 313.51
d. ₱159, 413.35

15. How much is the compound interest?

a. ₱9,413.35
b. ₱17,313.51
c. ₱29,413.35
d. ₱40,015.51

Additional Activities

Complete the table.

A.
Principal Rate Time Interest Maturity
Value
₱60,000 4% 3.5 years
2.2% 5 years ₱345
₱125,000 2% ₱135,000

B.

Present Nominal Interest Interest Time Total Compound Maturity

Value rate compounded per in number of Interest Value
(i(m)) conversion years conversions
period (j) (n)
₱80,000 2.1% quarterly 4
2% monthly 6 ₱70,000

25
CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
26
Assessment
What I What's More 1. A
Know Activity 1.1 2. B
1. ₱281.25 3. B
1. A 2. ₱5066.67 4. C
2. B Activity 1.2 5. A
3. B 1. I =₱260, F = ₱13,260 6. A
4. C 2. ₱10,416.67
7. D
5. A Activity 1.3
P r t Is F
8. A
6. A 45,000 2% 2 2250 47250 9. C
7. C 1/2
95,000 1.2% 4 4560 99560 10.A
8. A 105000 3% 3 9450 114450
11.B
9. C Activity 1.4
12.B
10.D P r t Is F
60000 5% 3 9000 69000 13.B
11.B 40000 1 2 1200 41200
½% 14.A
12.B 20000 0.5% 9mos 75 21075 15.D
13.C Activity 2.1
14.A 1. ₱1074.89
2. P=₱46393.68
15.D
Ic = 3606.32
Activity 2.2
1. F = ₱57,830.22
I = ₱14,830.22
2. P=₱97,435.81
I=₱7564.19
Activity 2.3
P i(m m j t n Ic F
)
60000 3% 4 0- 3 12 5628. 65628.41
0075 41
31576. 6% 2 0.03 4 8 8423. 40000
37 63
Activity 2.4
P i(m m j t n Ic F
)
78000 4% 4 0.0 6 24 21039 99039.3
1 .30 0
34946. 12 12 0.0 3 36 15053 50000
25 % 1 .75
Answer Key
Reference
General Mathematics Learner's Material. Pasig City: Department of Education,
2016.
General Mathematics Teacher's Guide. Pasig City: Department of Education, 2016.
Orines, Fernando B. Next Century Mathematics. Quezon, City: Phoenix Publishing
House, 2016.
Oronce, Orlando A. General Mathematics. Sampaloc, Manila: Re Bookstore, Inc.,
2017.
Santos, Durawin C.,Biason, Ma. Garnet P. Math Activated:Engage Yourself and Our
World General Mathematics. Makati, City: Salesiana Books by Don Bosco
Press, Inc., 2016.

27
CO_Q2_General Mathematics (SHS)_ Module 2
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Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

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