7

MATHEMATICS
Quarter 1 – Lesson 1:
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Compose Clear andSETS
Coherent Sentences
Using Appropriate Grammatical Structure:
Subject- Verb Agreement
Mathematics – Grade 7
Quarter 1 – Module 1

First Edition, 2020

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 7

Mathematics
Quarter 1– Module 1:
Sets
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Mathematics 7 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Sets !

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics 7 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Sets_!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be

i
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

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At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

In this module, you will be learning how to describe and illustrate:

sets, subsets, universal sets, null set, cardinality of sets, union and
intersection of sets and the difference of two sets (M7NS-1a-1&2).

The module is divided into five (5) lessons, namely:

 Lesson 1 – Sets: An Introduction
 Lesson 2 – Methods of Describing Sets
 Lesson 3 – Set Classifications
 Lesson 4 – Set Relations
 Lesson 5 – Set Operations

During your Elementary Mathematics, you have learned how to

classify numbers and items with the same characteristics. When we see
people grouped together, we may have the idea that these people are
associated with each other and a person far away from them may not be a
part of that group. We also tend to put kitchenware in the kitchen and not
in your bedroom because even objects belong to a particular part of the
house. Classifying things of similar characteristics and identifying items
that do not belong in particular group are also skills that are essential in
learning Mathematics. This concept in Mathematics is known as SETS.
In this module, you will also be learning about the application of sets
in the real-world situation.

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Lesson

1 Sets: An Introduction

What I Know

Which of the following sets are well-defined?

1. The set of all multiples of 7.
2. The set of honest people.
3. The set of good-looking teachers.
4. The set of numbers greater than 3 but less than 12.
5. The set of small numbers.
6. The set of intelligent students in Secondary Schools.
7. The set of prime numbers greater than 10 but less than 20.
8. The set of tall buildings in Panay.
9. The set of letters in the English alphabet.
10. The set of good people in the Philippines.

What’s In
In the following collection of objects, find the one that is out of
the group.

1. San Jose, Jaro, Hamtic, Sibalom, Belison, San Remegio

2. Mango, Guava, Durian, Orange, Cabbage, Avocado
3. 121, 76 067, 5 005, 12 321, 100, 89 098
4. Plate, coin, saucer, clock, compact disk, cell phone
5. Algebra, Statistics, Geometry, Literature, Trigonometry, Calculus
6. inch, kilometer, meter, yard, pound, foot
7. 25%, 0.25, , , 3.25
8. triangle, square, rhombus, rectangle, trapezoid, trapezium
9. electric fan, pillow case, television set, flat iron, blender, radio
10. 7, 9, 13, 5, 23, 17

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 What’s New

In a piece of paper, write the names of objects that you can find inside
your house as specified in the column header.
Kitchen utensils Appliances Sleeping
Equipment/Materials

Example: spoon Example: electric fan Example: pillow

What is It
The first basic notion of sets was first considered by a Russian
mathematician named Georg Cantor (1845-1918).

Set is any well-defined list, collection or group of objects1. The objects

in sets can be anything: numbers, names of persons, letters, polygons, etc.
It is well-defined if it is possible for us to determine whether an object
belongs to a given set or not.

Example 1: Which of the following sets are well-defined?

a. The set of generous teachers. [Not well-defined]
b. The set of students who weigh more than 40 kilograms.
[Well-defined]
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 c. The set of all provinces in Region VI. [Well-defined]

Each of these unique objects making up a set is called an element

or member of the set.

Example 2: The set of counting numbers less than 7.

Is 7 an element of this set?
Even though 7 is a counting number it is not an element of that set
because it lacks necessary characteristic and that is being less than 7.
What are the elements of that set? The elements of the set are: 1,2, 3,
4, 5, and 6.

Sets are denoted by capital letters while elements are represented by

small letters. The elements are separated by commas and are enclosed in
braces. Elements can be written in any order.
If S is a set of counting numbers less than 7, then we write
S ={1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}. To indicate 4 as an element of Set S, we write “4 ” and
read as “4 is an element of S ”. Since 7 is not an element of S,
we write “7 ”.

In set S there are six elements. The number of elements in a given set
is known as its cardinality, denoted by n. Based on the example above,
n(S)=6 read as “the cardinal number of set S is 6” or “set S has a cardinality
of 6”.

What’s More
State the number of elements in each set using the n(_) notation.
1. M is the set of odd numbers from 13 to 21.
2. A is the set of natural numbers between 12 and 30.
3. T is the set of all colors in a rainbow.
4. H is the set of months in a year that starts with T.
5. S is the set of presidents of the Philippine Government.
6. P is the set of municipalities in the province of Antique.
7. E is the set of vowels in the English alphabet.
8. A is the set of natural satellites of the Earth.
9. K is the set of distinct letters in the word Statistics.
10. S is the set of provinces in the island of Panay.

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 What I Have Learned
1. What is a set?
2. How will you know if a set is well-defined?
3. How do you determine the cardinality of a given set?
4. What is the importance of sets in daily life?

What I Can Do
Give five (5) examples of sets and explain why you think they belong to
the same group.

Examples of Sets Reason/s

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Assessment

Which of the following sets are well-defined?

1. The set of last three letters in the English alphabet.

2. The set of all multiples of 5.
3. The set of medical front liners.

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 4. The set of composite numbers greater than 9 but less than 12.
5. The set of hard-working parents.
6. The set of fractions.
7. The set of fruit-bearing trees.
8. The set of elegant ladies.
9. The set of happy people.
10. The set of places with COVID-19 cases in the Province of
Antique.

Additional Activities

Draw five objects that can be included in the following sets

listed below.
A. Set of Polygons

B. Set of Pets

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C. Set of Vehicles

Answer Key

7
 Lesson
Methods of Describing Sets
2
What I Know

A. Describe each of the following sets using the roster method.

1. G is the set of multiples of 3 between 3 and 15.
2. R is the set of whole numbers from 10 to 16 which are divisible
by 2.
3. E is the set of one digit natural number.
4. A is the set of distinct letters in the word “PRAYER”.
5. T is the set of suits in a deck of playing cards.

B. Describe each of the following sets using the rule method.

1. F is the set of consonants in the English alphabet.
2. A is the set of nonnegative integers.
3. I is the set of months having 30 days.
4. T is the set of four-sided polygons.
5. H is the set of planets in our solar system.

What’s In

List all the elements of the following sets:

1. 1. H is the set of all positive integral factors of 8.

2. E is the set of counting numbers greater than 12 but less
than 20.
3. A is the set of distinct letters in the word REDEEMER.
4. R is the set of prime numbers between 31 and 41.
5. T is the set of first five books in the Old Testament.
6. S is the set of multiples of 7 greater than 7 but less than 21..
7. L is the set of colors in the rainbow.

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 8. O is the set of all provinces in Region VI.

9. V is the set of all months of the year that starts with J.

10. E is the set of counting numbers less than 9.

What’s New
Describe the following elements.

1. {3, 6, 9, 12, 15}

2. {a, e, i, o, u}
3. {Cory Cojuangco Aquino, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo}
4. {mango, chico, avocado, pineapple}
5. {rose, daisy, orchid, gumamela, sunflower}
6. {
7. {Atabay, Bantayan, San Fernando, San Pedro, Madrangca}
8. {John Venn, Rene Descartes, Karl Gauss, Pythagoras}
9. {Anini-y, Hamtic, Tobias Fornier}
10. {22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32}

What Is It
There are three ways in which we can describe a set:

1. Roster Notation or Listing Method

A method that lists or enumerates the element/s and is/are enclosed
in braces. Each unique element is listed once in any order.
Example: B is the set of distinct letters in the word RESTORATION.
B = { r, e, s, t, o, a, i, n }

2. Verbal Description Method

A method that describes the element/s of the set in words or phrases.
Example:
Set B is the set of distinct letters in the word RESTORATION.

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3. Set Builder Notation or Rule Method
A method of describing the element of a set where only one element is
considered and making a description on it using x/x (which can be
read as x such that x).
Example:
B = { x/x is a distinct letter in the word RESTORATION }

What’s More
Describe the following sets using the other two methods.

1. D= {5, 10, 15, 20, 25}

2. E is the set of primary colors.
3. I= {x/x is the set of first three books in the New testament}
4. T= {0}
5. Y is the set of odd numbers between 100 and 105.

What I have Learned

1. What are the three different methods of describing sets?
2. How do we describe set using roster method?
3. How do we describe set using rule method?
4. What is the advantage of using rule method over roster method?

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 What I Can Do
Complete the table.

Verbal Description
Roster Method Rule Method
Method

A is the set of distinct

letters in the word
MISSISSIPPI.

T is the set of natural

numbers from 9 to 13.

O is the set of first

seven letters in the
English alphabet.

N is the set of even

numbers between 87
and 94.

E is the set of
multiples of 3 greater
than 12 but less than
21.

Assessment

A. Describe each of the following sets using the roster method.

1. A is the set of multiples of 11 less than 50.
2. N is the set of days in a week.
3. G is the set of two-digit number greater than 48 but less than 54.
4. E is the set of distinct letters in the word “TRIGONOMETRY”.
5. L is the set of months that starts with N.
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B. Describe each of the following sets using the rule method.
1. S is the set of natural numbers.
2. G is the set of Greek letters.
3. I is the set of integers less than 1.
4. F is the set of Russian mathematicians.
5. T is the set of polygons with at most 5 sides.

Additional Activities
Identify which of the following set/s is/are can be described
conveniently using the roster method.
1. The set of real numbers.
2. The set of books in the Holy Bible.
3. The set of nonzero integers less than 10.
4. The set of letters in the word “CHASTISEMENT”
5. The set of sons of Jacob mentioned in the Old Testament.
6. The set of colors in the Philippine Flag.
7. The set of flowers in the Province of Antique.
8. The set of regular polygons with at most 4 sides.
9. The set of Grade 7 students in the Philippines.
10. The set of months with 31 days.

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Answer Key

13
14
Lesson

3 Set Classifications

What I Know

Tell whether the following sets are Null, Infinite, Finite or Unit Set.

1. The set of trapezoids with 5.

2. The set of lines which are parallel to the x-axis.
3. The set of yellow carabaos.
4. The set of natural numbers between 89 and 90.
5. The set of counting numbers greater than 1 but less than 2.
6. The set of fractions.
7. The set of three-digit numbers.
8. The set of multiples of five less 100.
9. The set of prime numbers between 2 and 4.
10. The set of odd numbers from 11 to 15.

What’s In
State the number of elements that can be listed in each of the
following sets.

1. The set of stars in a galaxy.

2. The set of special number.
3. The set of fractions.
4. The set of letters in the English alphabet.
5. The set of stones in the river bank.
6. The set of integers greater than 12 but less than 13.
7. The set of days in a year.
8. The set of natural numbers less than 1.
9. The set of nonnegative integers.
10. The set of months containing 20 days only.

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 What’s New
Which belongs to finite set, infinite set, unit set, or null set?
1. Integers less than 57 but greater than 47.
2. Fractions between 1 and 2.
3. Odd numbers divisible by 8 less than 32.
4. Female presidents of the Philippines.
5. Consonants in the English alphabet.

What is It
Sets are classified according to the number of elements
contained in a set.

Classifications of Sets

1. FINITE SET
A set is considered to be finite if the element/s is/are specific or
definite and the number of element/s is exact. Elements can be
counted.
Example:
P is the set of days in a week.
P={ Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday,
Sunday}

2. INFINITE SET
Infinite set has an unlimited or has no exact number of elements.
Example:
U is the set of counting numbers
U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5,…}

The three dots are called ellipses, indicating that there are elements in
the set that have not been written down or that the set continues
indefinitely and therefore it is infinite.

3. UNIT SET
A set which has only one element.
Example:
R is the set of multiples of 4 greater than 20 but less than 28.
R = { 24 }
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 4. EMPTY SET/NULL SET
A set which contains no element. It is denoted by two symbols { } or .
Example:
S is the set of triangles with four sides.
S = { } or S =

What’s More
1. What are the different classifications of sets?
2. Describe each classification and give examples.
3. How will you differentiate finite set from an infinite set?
4. How can we relate the different classifications of sets in real
life situations?

What I Have Learned

1. What are the different classifications of sets?
2. Describe each classification and give examples.
3. How will you differentiate finite set from an infinite set?
4. How can we relate the different classifications of sets in
real life situations?

What I Can Do
In a piece of paper, make your own example of sets and indicate its
classification.
Examples of Set Classification
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

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 Assessment

Tell whether the following sets are Null, Infinite, Finite or Unit Set.

1. The set of red crow.

2. The set of lines which are perpendicular to the x-axis.
3. The set of natural numbers less than 13.
4. The set of Grade 7 teachers in the Antique National School.
5. The set of two-digit numbers divisible by 3.
6. The set of flowers in the Island Panay.
7. The set of polygons with two sides.
8. The set of whole numbers from 78 and 79.
9. The set of even numbers between 21 and 25.
10. The set of pebbles on the shoreline.

Additional Activities

State whether the following are true or false.

1. The set of letters in the word TEACHER is finite.

2. G= {0} is an example of a null set.

3. The set of largest 1 digit counting number is a unit set.

4. The set of points on the circle is an infinite set.

5. M ={x/x is a whole number between 0 and 2} is an example of an

empty set.

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Answer Key

19
 Lesson

4 Set Relations

What I Know

Write the letter of the correct relationship of sets for each number.
Given:
A= { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, }
B= { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 }
C= { a, b, c, d, e }
D= { x/x is an even number less than 12 ]
E= { b, a, d, e, c }
F= { 1, 2, 4 }
G= { x / x is a letter of English alphabet}
H = { 1, 2, 3, . . . , 26 }

1. A. A and B are equal sets. 6. A. H is a subset of B.

B. A and B are equivalent sets B. B and H are joint sets.

2. A. C is the subset of G. 7. A. D and E are equal sets

B. G is the subset of C. B. D and E are disjoint sets.
3. A. A and F are joint sets 8. A. F is the subset of B.
B. A and F are disjoint sets. B. B and F are joint sets.
4. A. C and E are equal sets. 9. A. E is a subset of G.
B. C and E are disjoint sets. B. E and G are equivalent sets.
5. A. H is a subset of A. 10. A. A and C are equivalent sets
B. A and H are joint sets. B. A and C are subsets of each other.

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 What’s In

A. Write on your paper whether each set is finite or infinite.

_______________1. A= { 1, 2, 3, 4, . . . , 20 }
_______________2. B= { x/x is an odd number }
_______________3. C= { s, r, t, u, v }
_______________4. D = { x/x is a whole number between 4 and 10 }
_______________ 5. E= { multiple of 7 greater than 7 }
B. Which of the following are units set? Write the number on your
paper.
1. {primes between 4 and 6}
2. {months beginning with N }
C. Which of the following are null sets? Write the number on your
paper.
1. { whole number between19 and 20 }
2. { prime number divisible by 10}

What’s New

Using the following given sets, answer the questions below:

A= {1, 2, 3, 4 }
B= { 2 }
C= { 2, 4, 6, 8 }
D= { whole number multiple of 2 less than 20 }
E= { 2, 4, 6, . . . , 18 }
F= { 1,2,3 }
1. Which sets are equal? ________________________
2. Which sets are equivalent? ____________________
3. Which sets are proper subsets of A ?________________________
4. How many subsets does set A have? ________________________
5. How many subsets does set F have? _______________________

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 What Is It

Two or more sets can be related. They maybe equal sets, equivalent sets, disjoint
sets, joint sets or subset.

1. Equal Sets
Two sets that contain exactly the same elements. Every element which
belongs to A also belongs to B and vice versa. We denote the equality of
sets A and B by A = B.
Example:
Given: A= {a, b, c, d, e} and B={ a, e, b, d, c}, the we can say that A= B.
These two sets contain exactly the same elements.
2. Equivalent Sets
Two sets that contain exactly the same number of elements.
Example:
Given: H = {1, 2, 3, 4 } and B = { m, a t, h }
Since both sets contain four elements, they are equivalent, H M or
H M, read as “H is equivalent to M”
3. Subset
Set A is a subset of set B, written as A B, if and only if every element
in A is also an element in B. Sometimes described as a set within a set.
Example:
A = { 1,2, 3, 4 } B={ C= {
Set B is a subset of set A while set C is not a subset of A. In symbols.
B ;C A
Since every element of Set B is an element of set A and set A has an
element which is not in B, then set B is a proper subset of A, in symbol,
B A.
The definition of subset implies that the empty set is a subset of every
set and a set is a subset of itself.
If set B is a subset of set A, then set A is called a superset of B.
A superset is a set that contains all the elements of another set. It is the
opposite of subset. Set A is a superset of set B, if and only if, all
elements contained in B are also contained in A. This would be written
as A B. All the sets will likely be subsets of a fixed set known as
Universal set. A Universal set is a set which contains the elements of all
set being considered in a certain discussion, denoted by U.
Example: If A= {1, 2, 3 } and B = {1, 3 }, then A is a superset of B.

22
 Power Set
The power set of set S can be defined as the set of all subsets of
S. The power set can be written as P(S).
Example: S={ a, b, c }
P(S)= { , { a }, { b },{ c },{ a, b },{ a, c },{ b, c },{ a, b, c } }

Sets can also be expressed using Venn Diagrams.

Examples:
A U
U
B
A B
3 2 4 1 2 5 6
1
3 4 7

A = { 1, 2, 3, 4 } A U
B = { 2, 4 } B U
B A A B
B A
4. Disjoint Sets
Two or more sets having no elements or members in common.
Example:
M= { a, b, c, d, } and N= { m, n, o }

Set M and set N are Disjoint Sets

U
M N
a b n
o
c d m

5. Joint Sets
Sets with common elements are called joint sets.
Example:
M= { 2, 4, 6, 8 } and N = {1, 2, 4, 8 }, the common elements or
the intersection of M and N is M N= { 2, 4, 8 }

U
M N
2
4 23
6 8 1
 What’s More
Tell whether the statement is true or false.

1. { }=
2. { 3, 9, 13. 19 } { x/x is an even prime number}
3. {0} { x/x is an even prime number}
4. { x/x is a letter in the word freshman } = { x/x is a prime number
less than 20 }
5. { a, t, o, m } ={ t, o, m, a }
6. {x} { a, b, c, . . . ,z }
7. { o, n, e } = { n, e, o }
8. { {
9. { 0 0 { ...
10. { ={a c e

What I Have Learned

1. What is the difference between equal sets from equivalent sets? Give at least
two examples for each.
2. In the figure, let the universal set U be all the elements in N, M, and P.
Describe the relationship between the following:

N U
M

a. N and U ____________________________
b. M and U ____________________________
c. N and M ____________________________
d. P and M ____________________________

24
 What I Can Do

A. Express the relationship between the two given sets using the symbols
= or
. {abs, gma, tv 5}__________ The set of T.V. stations in the Philippines
. {c, o, r, n , a} ____________{v, i , r, u, s }
. { } _____________Ø
. The set of letters in the word “quarantine” ____________
{ q, u, a, r, t, i, n, e }

B. Identify the given set as Joint or Disjoint

________ 1. {10, 20 } and {1, 2, 3, 4, . . . }
_________2. {Sunday, Monday, ... ,Saturday} and
{January, February, . December}
_________3. { l, o , c, k } and { d, o, w, n }
_________4. {1, 3, 5, 7 } and { 1, 2, 3, 4}

Assessment

Encircle the letter of the correct relationship of sets for each number.

Given:
A= { a, b, c, d, e }
B= { v, i, r, u, s }
C= { r, u, s, v, i }
D= { a, b, c, d, e, f, . . . , z ]
E= { g, m , a }
F= { a, b, s }
G= { p,a, n, d, e, m, i, c }
H = { c, o, r, n, a }

1. A. A and B are equal sets. 6. A. H is a subset of B.

B. A and B are equivalent sets B. B and H are joint sets.

2. A. E is the subset of D. 7. A. D and E are equal sets
B. D is the subset of C. B. A and B are disjoint sets.
3. A. E and F are joint sets 8. A. F is the subset of B.
B. E and F are disjoint sets. B. B and F are joint sets.
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4. A. B and C are equal sets. 9. A. E is a subset of G.
B. B and C are disjoint sets. B. A and C are equivalent sets.
5. A. G is a subset of D. 10. A. B and H are equivalent sets
B. A and H are disjoint sets. B. A and C are equal sets

Additional Activities

The set { 1 } has two subsets, and { 1 }. The set {1, 2 } has four subsets, , { 1 },
{ 2 }, { 1, 2 }. These are shown in the table below. Complete the table and find a
formula for the number of subsets of n elements.

Set Number of Subsets Number of

Elements Subsets
{1} 1 {1} 2
{1, 2 } 2 { 1 },{ 2 }, 4
{1, 2}
{1, 2 , 3}
{1, 2, 3, 4 }
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }
{1, 2, 3, . . . , n}

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Answer Key

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 Lesson

5 Set Operations

What I Know

If U= {1, 2, 3, 4, . . . 10}, A= { 1, 2 , 3, 4, 5 }, B= { 2, 4 ,6, 8 ,10 } , and

C = { 4, 5, 6 ,7 }, find :

1. A =
2. =
3. =
4. =
5. =
6. =
7. t = ____
8. A’ = _________________________
9. B'= __________________________
10. C’ = __________________________

What’s In

A. Identify the given set as Equal, Equivalent, Subset.

Given : A= {c, h, r, i, s, t, a, n }
B = {c, h, r, i, s, t }
C = {l, o, v, e}
D= {l,i, k, e}
E= = {e, v, o, l }

_________________ 1. Set B and Set A

____________________2. Set C and Set E
____________________3. Set C and Set D

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 B. Identify the given set as Joint or Disjoint.
Given :A= {m, a, t, h}
B= {n, o, t, e }
C = { b , o, k}
__________________1. Set A and Set C
__________________2. Set B and Set C
__________________3. Set A and Set B

What’s New

In arithmetic, we have operations such as addition, subtraction,

multiplication, and division that enable us to combine numbers. In sets, we
have the intersection and union of sets, and we shall also do some more
work with the complement of a set.
Identify if it is a Union, Intersection or Complement.

Given : U= { a, b, c, d, e}, A= {a, b, c}, B= {c, d}, and C= {a, e}

1. { a, b, c, d }
2. {b, c, d}
3. { c }
4. { a, b, c, d, e }
5. { a }
6. {b, c ,d }
7. {a, c, d, e}
8. {a, b, c, e}
9. {d , e}
10. {a, b, e}

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 What Is It
The following are set operations: union, intersection, complement and set
difference.
Set operations
A. Union of Sets
The set operation of union applied to two sets will result to a single
set containing all the elements of the two sets. The symbol “
indicates the set operation of union
The Union of sets A and B , written as A , is the set of elements
that are members of A, or members of B, or members of both A and
B.
Note: When we list the elements in the union of two sets. We list
all the elements in set A and all the elements in set B. If an element
is in both sets, we list it only ONCE.
Example:
Let A= { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 } B= { 6, 7, 8, 9 ,10}
A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 }

B. Intersection of Sets
The intersection of sets A and B is the set of elements which are
common to A and B, that is, those elements which belong to A and
which also belong to B. We denote the intersection of A and B by
A B “ A intersection B”

Example
Let A= {a, b, c } B= { c, d, e }

A ={c}

C. Set Complement
The complement of set A, written as A’, is the set of all elements
found in the Universal set (U), that are not found in set A.
Example:
Let U = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 } A ={1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
A’ = { 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 }

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 D. Set Difference
The difference of sets A and b is the set of elements which belong to
a but which do not belong to b. We denote the difference of A and B
by A-B

Example:
Let A= { a ,b ,c, d} B= {b, d, g }
A- B= { a,c,}
B- A= { g }

What’s
More
Exercises
Let U= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 }
A= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5 } B= { 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 } C= {2, 4, 6, 8, 10 }
Find:
1. A B = ________________________________________________
2. B C = _______________________________________________
3. A B = ________________________________________________
4. B C = ________________________________________________
5. A’ = ___________________________________________________
6. B’ = ___________________________________________________
7. C’ = ___________________________________________________
8. B- C= ________________________________________________
9. B-A = ________________________________________________
10. A-C= __________________________________________

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 What I Have Learned

True or False. If your answer is false, give the correct answer.

Let U = the set of the months of the year

X = {March, May, June, July, October}
Y = {January, June, July}
Z = {September, October, November, December}

1. Z’ = {January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August}

_______________________________________________
2. Y’ = {June, July}
_______________________________________________
3. X’= {January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, November,
December}
______________________________________________
4. Y U Z= {February, March, April, May}
______________________________________________

5. X U Y = {January, March, May, June, July, October }

_______________________________________________
6. X Y = {June}
_______________________________________________
7. X Z = {October}
_______________________________________________
8. Y Z={}
_______________________________________________
9. X U Z = {March, May, June, July,Septemeber, October, November, December}
_______________________________________________
10. X U Y U Z ={June, March, May, June, July, September, October, November, December}
_______________________________________________

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 What I Can Do
Shown in the table are names of students of a high school class by set
according to the definition of each set.
A B C D
Likes Singing Likes Dancing Likes Acting Don’t Like Any
Jasper Leby Jacky Leby
Faith Joel Jasper Faith
Joel Jezryl Joel Joel

After the survey has been completed, find the following sets.

1. U= __________________________________________________________
2. A U B = ______________________________________________________
3. A U C = ______________________________________________________
4. A’= _________________________________________________________
5. B’ = _________________________________________________________
6. C’= _________________________________________________________
7. A’ U B’ = _____________________________________________________
8. A B = ______________________________________________________
9. A C = ______________________________________________________
10. B C = ______________________________________________________

Assessment

Let U= {1,2,3,4,5,6}, A={ 1,3,5 }, B = { 2, 4, 5, 6}, and C = {1,2,4,6 }. Find:

1. A’= _________________________________________________
2. B’= _________________________________________________
3. C’= _________________________________________________
4. A = ______________________________________________
5. B U C = ______________________________________________
6. A U C= ______________________________________________
7. A = ______________________________________________
8. B = ______________________________________________
9. A = ______________________________________________
10. B- C= ________________________________________________

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 Additional Activities

Place the elements of these sets in the proper locations in the given Venn diagram.
U= { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ,6, 7}
A= { 2, 4, 6, 7}
B= { 1, 2, 4, 5 , 7}

U
A B

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 35
What’s New
1. Union
2. Complement
3. Intersection
4. Union
5. Intersection
6. Intersection
7. Union
8. Union
9. Complement
10.Complement
Answer Key
References
DepEd K to 12 Learner’s Material

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Antique

San Jose de Buenavista, Antique

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: [email protected] * [email protected]

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