Mount Carmel College of Escalante, Inc.

Escalante City, Negros Occidental

College Department

Course Title SACRAMENTS AND SACRAMENTALS Course Code REL.ED 3

BSBA 1 & 2
Teachers Education BSED-FIL 2
Department Year Level
BEED 2

Semester First Semester Academic 2020

( Prelim )
Year

Module No.1 Understanding Sacraments and Sacramentals Chapter No.

Lesson No.1 The Elements and Functions of Sacraments and Date

Sacramentals

Intended At the end of the lesson the student will be able to:
1. Describe Jesus as the sacrament of God.
Learning
2. Be a living sacrament of Christ to others
Outcome 3. have a clear understanding between sacraments and sacramental,
4. experience God’s presence through prayer.

Introduction

There are seven sacraments. They were instituted by Christ and given to the Church to administer. They are
necessary for salvation. The sacraments are the vehicles of grace which they convey. They are validly
administered by the carrying out of the sign with the proper intention. Not all are equally qualified to
administer all the sacraments. The validity of the sacraments is independent of the worthiness of the minister.

Sacramentals are instituted by the Church and are effective by virtue of the church’s intercession. Institution
and alteration of them is reserved to the Holy See.

We must understand that sacramental like medals, scapulars, holy water and any other type of sacramental
are not amulets for protection. They are consecrated objects that indeed help when the wearers has faith
and tries to live a life of virtue.
Pre – Activity

Please answer the following activity.

A. Presence is very important to anyone. Give concrete ways to express love to family, friends, or a loved one.

1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________________________________

Discussion

Everyday, we use signs and symbols to express ideas, thoughts, or emotions to others. These are a variety of
signs and symbols that we use to convey our love to our neighbors. In the Bible, we also have different signs
and symbols that lead us closer to God and are also used by God to express His unending love to us.

The Birth of Jesus (incarnation) is the event wherein the spiritual reality becomes the material reality. It simply
means that God the infinite one becomes finite. We can touch Him, see Him and hear Him. Hence, we say that
Jesus is the original sacrament of God (first and ultimate).

In order to learn how to use sacramental properly, we need to differentiate them from the seven sacraments.

First lets define what is the meaning of sacrament. Sacrament is a saving symbolic act or a visible sign, arising
from the ministry of Christ and continued in, by, and for the Church, which when received in faith, fashions us
into the likeness to Christ in His Paschal Mystery, through the power of the Holy Spirit. ( CFC 1531 ).

A sacrament is a visible/tangible sign of God’s love to humanity. It makes present the spiritual reality since we
can’t grasp God because He is an infinite reality, meaning that we can’t see Him, touch Him or feel Him
directly. Thus, we have the seven sacraments, signs, or symbol that help us feel the presence of God, Church
and Jesus Christ.

What are the elements and functions of the sacrament?

A sacrament has the following elements.

1. It is always performed in the name of Jesus Christ

2. It is the work of the Holy Spirit.
3. It is a free gift and a call.
4. The effect of sacrament can only be seen in the heart of the recipients who by carrying out ministry of God
or lives in according to the preaching of God.

What are the functions of sacraments?

A. Sacrament of Initiation
* Baptism
* Confirmation
* Eucharist
These Sacraments lead us closer to Christ and empowers us to fulfil our mission at home, in our community, in
our Church, and the world. They are based on some aspect of Jesus’ teaching and ministry. The sacrament of
Baptism, the first of the sacraments of initiation, is our entrance into the church. We can’t receive the other
sacraments without receiving this sacrament first. Confirmation is the perfection of Baptism, and it gives us
the grace to live our life as a Christian boldly and without shame. The words, actions and symbols used in the
sacrament communicate the presence of God. The Sacrament of eucharist , and it is the only one of the three
that we can ( and should ) receive repeatedly-even daily, if possible. In Holy Communion, we consume the
Body and Blood of Christ, which unites us more closely to Him and helps us to grow in grace by living a more
Christian life. “This sacrament completes the sacrament of initiation and provides spiritual nourishment to the
Christian believers.

B. Sacrament of Healing
* Reconciliation
* Anointing of the Sick
Central to the healing ministry of Jesus are his calls to repentance and reconciliation and his compassionate
acts of healing (CFC 1760 ). Christ came with his “healing ministry” to save us from our sins and from the many
evils that flow from sin. His compassion and care for the sinner and the sick were signs of his deeper
redeeming mission of bringing us eternal life (CFC 1844 ).

Christ gives us new life in the sacrament of initiation, but because of sin we destroyed our relationship with
God. Thus the sacrament of healing help us to ask forgiveness and reconcile with our selves, others, nature
and God.

The Sacrament of Reconciliation is to bring out the restoring of our graced relationships of love and friendship
with God and with our neighbour. The Sacrament of the Anointing of the Sick is the sacrament which, through
the laying of hands, the prayer of faith, and the anointing with the blessed oil, provides the sick with Christ’s
healing grace of the Holy Spirit. (CFC 1847, 1866 ).

C. Sacrament of Service or Vocation

* Marriage
* Holy Orders
The Sacraments of vocation/ministry directly “call” the recipient to “minister” in Christ to the needs of others
and of the Church itself, in its mission of drawing all persons to life in Christ. (CFC 1994).

The Holy Orders is the apostolic ministry through which the mission entrusted by Christ to His apostles
continues to be exercised in the Church tell the end of time. The Sacrament of Marriage is a saving symbolic
act and life, grounded in Christ ministry, and continued in, by the Church, which when celebrated in faith,
fashions the married couple into the likeness of Christ by making them actually share in God’s own love and
faithfulness through the power of Holy Spirit (CFC 2012 ). These two sacraments focus on loving service to
others.
Jesus Christ as the Primordial Sacrament

Jesus Christ makes present God visibly to the people.

According to Joyce Donovan, “Jesus is a mystery concealing not just His divinity but His Father. Jesus said to
Philip, “whoever has seen me has seen the Father” (John 14:9). Thus we can say that Christ is a sacrament of
His Father. The Church is a mystery, since it is the mystical Christ, Head and members. Vatican II speaks of the
Church as the sacrament of Christ. Finally, the seven sacraments are mysteries which unfold in our souls and in
our lives the working of Christ and His grace.

St. Paul refers to Christ as, “the visible sign of the invisible God”(2Cor.4:4; Col. 1:15) Jesus is the tangible sign
of God the Father. Through Him we come to know that God the Father is a loving and merciful God it is clearly
evident when He sent , Jesus Christ His only Son to become human. By virtue of incarnation He became the
tangible sign of God’s presence. The apostles see, touch, and hear Jesus Christ. He was sent to redeem and
reconcile us with God the Father. Truly, He is the Son of God.

While sacramental, for starters, sacramental only have potential for giving us grace and that we must be
properly disposed to receive such graces from God.

Sacramentals are not sacraments. Sacraments were instituted directly by Christ Himself, while sacramental are
instituted by the Church. This means that they do not have the same type of saving grace as the seven
sacraments. Instead, they convey grace through the “ works and prayers of the church “ ( ex opera operantis
Ecclesiae ) and “ by the work of the doers “ ( ex opera operantis ). This means that the grace put forth by God
is more dependent on the disposition of the person performing the act.

This means that sacramental are not infallible in their effects. They cannot be used as a “ lucky charm “ that
works every time, no matter the disposition. I cannot simply wear a Brown Scapular and expect to receive
copious amounts of grace, nor can I invite a priest to bless a football field and expect my team to win. I must
have a strong faith in God’s action or else it will become an empty ritual, lacking any personal effect.

This is different from the performance of the seven sacraments. Christ Himself supplies what is lacking in the
priest who celebrates the sacraments, so that grace is able to be communicated no matter what. If a priest is
sinful and says Mass, the Eucharist will still be transformed into Christ’s body and blood ( provided that the
priest uses the proper words and matter required for the sacraments). The faithful still need to have a proper
disposition to receive all the graces of God in a sacrament such as the Eucharist, but God’s action is much
more powerful in a sacrament than any sacramental.

The last important distinction is that Christ instituted the seven sacraments and the Church establishes
sacramental. The Church does so under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, but because they were not founded
directly by Christ, sacramental can ebb and flow according to the circumstances and place. Even the local
Bishop, with proper approval from the Pope, can establish a sacramental for use in his diocese. Sacramental
can even be disbanded if they no longer serve a purpose.

So as you can see, sacramental, while related to the seven sacraments, do not operate in the same way. This
affects how we use them and teaches us to be properly disposed to the graces God wants to give to us
through the sacramental.
Sacramentals are objects, actions, practices, places, and the like that makes us conscious of the presence of
God and this not be confused sacraments.

Sacramentals include “ blessings (homes, cars, buildings), actions ( kneeling, bowing, making the Sign of the
Cross), words ( grace before and after meals, indulgenced novena prayers, pious invocation, litanies), objects
( ashes, palms, candles, crucifixes, rosaries, scapulars, statues), places ( Churches, shrines), and time liturgical
seasons (cf.Advent, Lent, Holy Week)” (CFC 1534 ).

Among sacramental, blessings (of persons, meals objects, and places) come first. Every blessing praises God
and prays for his gifts. The Church imparts blessings by invoking the name of Jesus, usually while making the
holy sign of the cross of Christ (CCC 1671).

What do the Sacramental do?

The sacramental:
 Help us become aware of Christ’s grace-filled presence around us or liberate from the presence of the
Evil One (exorcism).
 Help us receive the sacraments with greater fruit, and “ render holy various occasions in life (SC 60).
 Sanctify everyday life.
 Arouse us to acts of virtue and piety which strengthen God’s grace-filled presence within and among us
(CFC 1532).

In every sacrament, we make use of material objects to signify the effect of the sacraments. These are visible
signs that render the graces received in the sacrament. Sacramental makes us holy as well our everyday lives.
Having all those sacramental in our lives, they can motivate us to do good deeds and nourish our relationship
with God.

What should be our attitude towards the sacramental?

Sacramental should be treated with respect and sincerity.

The lack of understanding of sacramental makes us guilty of handling and doing them with respect and
sincerity. It is evident how some mechanically do the sign of the cross or pray the novenas. There are cases
that the church and the religious shrines are used as places for public displays of affection between couples.

Sacramentals are considered sacred; therefore, they must not be disrespected or taken with less sincerity.
They should be done, said, and regarded with honor. We have to understand that they signify effect through
Christ.

www.ctkspencer.net

Application

Students will be scheduled for their actual presentation.

Summary

God the Father continues to show His love to humanity through His Son, Jesus Christ, who continues to save us
today through the Church and the sacraments with the help of the Spirit, who sanctifies the Church.

As a living sacrament of Christ to others, we are called to be committed to discern for what is good and evil. Be
motivated to do what is good, and be firm in facing temptations. We are also called to bring our family and the
people that we meet closer to Christ. We can do all of this through the grace of God that we received in the
sacraments.

Post Activity

Question:

1. Look for three scriptural texts in the Bible that talk about the unity of Jesus Christ, the Son of God, and
God the Father.

2. Write your answer, including the book, chapter, and verse/s.

3. Then choose one among the three and explain the connection of the scriptural text to our lesson on
sacrament and sacramental.
 Mount Carmel College of Escalante, Inc.
Escalante City, Negros Occidental
College Department

Course Title SACRAMENTS AND SACRAMENTALS Course Code REL.ED 3

BSBA 1 & 2
Teachers Education BSED-FIL 2
Department Year Level
BEED 2

Semester First Semester Academic 2020

Year

Module No.2 Sacrament of Initiation Chapter No.

Lesson No.2 BAPTISM Date

(Prelim)

Intended At the end of the lesson the student will be able to:
1. Describe Jesus as Source of new life.
Learning
2. Live out our shared mission with Christ in Baptism
Outcome 3. Pray for strength to be committed in living our new life with Christ.

Introduction

Baptism is the one sacrament that all Christian denominations share in common. In the Catholic Church,
infants are baptized to welcome them into the Catholic faith and to free them from the original sin they were
born with.

It is the foundational sacrament of the church, is the first of three sacraments of initiation, followed in the
usual order by Confirmation and Eucharist. It is the fount from which springs a full and invigorating Christian
life and begins the Christian journey.
Pre – Activity

A. Old and New Self

All of us want to become a better person. It is by being better that we experience happiness. Describe your
old self and new self.

Old Self New Self

B. Good Life

Every Person desires a good life. But the question however is, “What really makes good life?” Write five things
to answer the question.

A good life is . . .

1. ______________________________________ 4. __________________________________
2. ______________________________________ 5. __________________________________
3. ______________________________________

Discussion

Sacrament of Baptism is the first step in Christian Initiation. It is the sacrament of faith that brings us new life
in Christ and forgiveness through water and the Spirit. It incorporates us into the Church and makes us sharers
in the Trinitarian divine life as adopted sons and daughters of the Father (CFC 1647 ).

Baptism is a significant event in the life of Catholics because without this, we cannot receive the other
sacraments. By virtue of this sacrament, we are become members in God’s family. In doing so,we receive new
life and shared in Christ’s mission: prophetic, priestly, and kingly.

Threefold Mission of Christ

A. Prophetic
 announces the Good News
 denounces what is wrong in the society
 calls for conversion or change
 reminds the people of God’s covenant, “Love one another as I loved you."

B. Kingly
 serves the people without asking for anything in return
  love is the motivation for service

C. Priestly
 encouraging others to attend Masses and other religious activities
 Sharing stories to little children

How does baptism bring us new life in Christ?

The Sacrament of baptism unites us to the Risen Christ. St. Paul reminded us, “if anyone is in Christ he is a new
creation. The older has passed away” (2 Cor5:17).Baptism is also called enlightenment because the baptized
received Christ the light of the world ( Jn8:12). The Word, who is “the real light which gives light to every man.
“Thus through this sacrament, were not simply creatures but children of God.

Baptism takes away all sin, both original and personal for adults, by signifying and affecting the coming of the
Holy Spirit (CFC 1602). Thus the Holy Spirit is the one who frees us from sin we were deprive by the grace as an
affect of the original sin of Adam and Eve. The Holy Spirit that we receive in the sacrament of baptism help us
to fight temptations and be one with Christ. It reminds us to convert or change for good, to be mindful of our
actions, and to put Christ as the center of our Life.

How does baptism incorporate us into the Church?

Baptism unite us with others as members of Christ’s Body, the Church. As people of God, Christ’s is our head
and we are the members. It was in one Spirit that all of us… were baptized into one body… all given to drink
the one Spirit (1Cor12:13). It is our union with the Baptized One,the Risen Christ, which makes us “ Church.”
As members of Christ’s Body, we share in His mission of serving as Prophet, Priest, and King (CFC 1651 ). This
means that our personal relationship with Christ is never any “private affair” we have created ourselves, but
always a loving friendship that originates, develops, and grows in union with fellow members of Christ’s Body,
the Church (CFC 1605 ). As a community, we share in the mission of Christ, we share the same Spirit, and we
share one Lord, Jesus Christ. As a community of God, we help one another to mature in faith. We care for one
another, like what we do in the classroom or community where we live.

Infant Baptism
In the Catholic Church today, baptism is most commonly administered to infants. While some other
Christians strenuously object to infant baptism, believing that baptism requires assent on the part of the
person being baptized, the Eastern Orthodox, Anglicans, Lutherans, and other mainline Protestants also
practice infant baptism, and there is evidence that it was practiced from the earliest days of the Church. Since
baptism removes both the guilt and the punishment due to original sin, delaying baptism until a child can
understand the sacrament may put the child’s salvation in danger, should he or she die unbaptized.
Adult Baptism
Adult converts to Catholicism also receive the sacrament, unless they have already received a Christian
Baptism. If there is any doubt about whether an adult has already been baptized, the priest will perform a
conditional baptism. A person can only be baptized once as a Christian if, say, he was baptized as a Lutheran,
he cannot be baptized again when he converts to Catholicism. While an adult can be baptized after proper
instruction in the faith, adult baptism normally occurs today as part of the Rite of Christian Initiation for
Adults(RCIA) and is immediately followed by Confirmation and Communion.
The Effects of the Sacrament of Baptism
Baptism has six primary effects, which are all supernatural graces:

 The removal of the guilt of both original and personal sins.

 The remission of all punishment that we owe because of sin, both temporal (in this world and in
Purgatory) and eternal (the punishment that we would suffer in hell).
 The infusion of grace in the form of sanctifying grace (the life of God within us); the seven gifts of the
Holy Spirit; and the three theological virtues.
 Becoming one with Christ as original and personal sins are removed.
 Becoming a member of the Church, the family of God.
 Reception of the other sacraments and the grace that they impart.

Baptism is presented under three major headings: First, new life in Christ through water and the Spirit, and by
the dying/rising with Christ in sharing His Paschal Mystery; second, incorporation into the Church through the
sacrament of Faith; and third, sharing the Trinitarian divine life in an on-going, progressive way that looks ever
to the future.

Sacrament of Baptism and its Sacramentals

The sacramentals in baptism will give a clear description and information of the uses and symbolism of
sacramental of the sacrament of Baptism. And let the parents and godparents to be informed of what is the
meaning of and uses of the sacramental used in baptism.

1. Cross
The cross is a universal symbol of Christianity. Making sign of the cross over a child during baptism
invokes God’s protection and asks for entrance into the body of the Christian church. The cross is also a
symbol of Jesus’ crucifixion. Jesus’ death was his sacrifice to clear the sins of all mankind. The cross is one of
the most familiar of all Christian symbols.

2. White Clothing
Symbolizes that the person being baptized now has clean slate in the eyes of God. The white garment
symbolizes that the person is now clothed in the mantle of God and will start a clean life in His eyes and int
eyes of the church.

3. The Holy Oil

Oil is another baptismal symbol of the Holy Spirit. The baby is anointed with oil, it is mentioned several
times in the Bible as a symbol of bringing the person and the Holy Spirit together. The oil are used during
baptism to strengthen the faith of the anointed. They also symbolize the gifts of the Holy Spirit.

4. Baptism Water
It symbolizes divine life as well as a sign of purity and cleansing from sin. The outward sign of baptism is
the actual pouring of the water on the head while reciting the word “ I baptize you in the name of the Father,
the Son, and the Holy Spirit. “ The cleansing quality of water is considered something that can purify a person
from the outside. The holy water signifies that life is given to man by God and is a symbol of Hid grace. Water
is also recalls the gospel, “ unless a man is born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of
God” ( Jn.3:1-6).
5. Baptism Light
This represent s moving from death to life in Christ. It also symbolizes Christ as “the light of the world”
and the Christian faith and when this candle is burning, religious faith is present.

6. Baptismal Font
It holds the water used for the baptism. It symbolizes the baptismal streams, rivers or pools of water in
the centuries past, like the River of Jordan where Christ was baptized by John the Baptist.

Baptismal fonts are made of stone , metal, woo, or marble and have usually been present in the church
for generations.

7. Scriptural Reading and Prayers

Readings are taken from the Old and New Testaments of the Bible. They celebrate God’s word and call
for a renewal and profession of faith. The readings also recall Christ’s baptism and the symbolic meaning of
this which is to die to self and be raised from this death as Christ was raised after the crucifixion.

The prayers during baptismal ceremony beg for freedom from sin for the child and ask for Christ’s
protection, blessings, mercy and grace on the child, the parents, the godparents, the family, and the
congregation.

8. Godparents
Help the parents raise the godchild in the Christian faith, godparents take their roles seriously and
involve themselves in many aspects of the child’s life.

Analysis

Baptism is rightly called the sacrament of faith because in asking to be baptized we are asking God’s Church
for the gift of faith (CFC 1652). Only with the guidance of the Holy Spirit we can respond fully to the challenge
of the Gospel.

Christ, the unique Mediator and Way of salvation, affirmed the necessity of faith and baptism. But since God
wills all to be saved (1Tim 2:4 ), the grace needed for salvation is offered to all (CFC 1655). Receiving the
sacrament of baptism we are also able to receive the other sacraments. That is how important it is. When
there is a baptism to be received, the family becomes busy and develops concerns.

Post Activity

Instructions:

Write below all the concerns the family considers once they decide to have their baby baptized. Number 1 is
given as sample.

Concerns:

1. Choice of Ninong and Ninang 6. ______________________________________

2. ________________________________________ 7. ______________________________________
3. ________________________________________ 8. ______________________________________
4. ________________________________________ 9. ______________________________________
5. ________________________________________ 10. _____________________________________

Identify three concerns that best contribute in having a meaningful reception of the Sacrament of Baptism.
Write the item number below and explain briefly.

Number: __________________________________________
Explanation:
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________

Number: __________________________________________
Explanation:
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________

Number: __________________________________________
Explanation:
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
 Mount Carmel College of Escalante, Inc.
Escalante City, Negros Occidental
College Department

Course Title SACRAMENTS AND SACRAMENTALS Course Code REL.ED 3

BSBA 1 & 2
Teachers Education BSED-FIL 2
Department Year Level
BEED 2

Semester First Semester Academic 2020

Year

Module No.3 Sacrament of Initiation Chapter No.

Lesson No.3 Confirmation Date

(Midterm)

Intended At the end of the lesson the student will be able to:
1. Describe the Holy Spirit, strengthening the baptized Christian
Learning
2. Identify the different ways of witnessing Christ as confirmed Christian
Outcome 3. Discuss the nature and effects of the Sacrament of Confirmation.

Introduction

To fully appreciate the sacrament of confirmation, we have to understand the nature and workings of the Holy
Spirit in us, and our mission as members of the Church. It is Christ who appears as visible image of the invisible
God, but it is the Holy Spirit who reveals him… Christ gives the form and content of salvation, while the Spirit
makes present and extends this new life (CFC 1299).

Thus it was the Holy Spirit, sent by the Father and the Risen Christ, that gave birth to the first Christian
community, the apostolic Church… This Spirit is the “Gift of God,” who is love (cf. 1 John 4:8,16), the first gift
which contains all the others, and which ‘ has been poured out into our hearts”.

The Sacrament of Confirmation strengthens baptized and the whole Church with the increase in the gifts and
fruits of the Holy Spirit to become true and living witness of Christ.
Pre – Activity

Answer the following.

1. Do you believe that no one is the same in talents, skills, and values?

2. Do you believe that everyone is equal?

3. Do you believe that you need other people as much as they need you?

4. With these beliefs on equality and uniqueness, what does this call you to do and to be?

Analysis

All of us are given gifts by God. These gifts may be talents, skills, strength, wisdom, material possessions,
charism, and the like. These enable us to live ourselves in love and service.

However, these gifts are like seeds. Like in the parable, God calls us to do our part of developing them.

Discussion

What is the Sacrament of Confirmation?

Confirmation is a sacrament received after baptism at the age of discretion of the person.

Before, confirmation was part of baptismal rite. But the Church later distinguished it with certain scriptural
basis.

One of the practical reasons for developing the sacrament of confirmation as distinct sacrament is the
increasing number of Catholic Christians. With the lack bishops who can administer both sacraments of
baptism and corfirmation, it become difficult for them to do so to all candidates. Having confirmation as a
separate sacrament, would allow more candidates to be baptized and have them receive confirmation later at
their age of discretion with the bishop or the priests as authorized.

Confirmation marks a new stage in the life of a Christian. If, before, he/she is receiver of service and disciple,
now he/she renders service actively and joins the Church in his/her mission and ministry. Commonly said,
he/she becomes “ soldiers of Christ.”

The confirmation is conferred by anointing with the holy Chrism on the forehead , done while imposing the
hands and by these words “ be sealed with the gift of the Holy Spirit” (CCC 1300).

In the Old Testament, anointing signified healing, purification and strengthening, but most of all
empowerment. Aaron was anointed high priest(cf.Levitcus 8:12), Samuel anointed Saul and David as
king(cf.1Samuel 10:1;16:13f),and Isaiah was anointed prophet(cf Is.61:1). Eventually, however, the Spirit was
to be communicated to the whole messianic people (cf Ez.36:25-27; Joel3:1-2;CCC 1286-87).

In the New Testament, Christ is the is the “Anointd One,” perfectly fulfilling through the power of the Holy
Spirit the triple role of Prophet, Priest, and Servant-King. Hence, through Confirmation, Christians share more
fully in Christ’s prophetic, kingly, and priestly roles. Through the laying on of hands, they are claimed by Christ
as his own, and empowered by the Spirit to spread the Gospel by word and deed, and thus build up Christ’s
Body, the Church (CFC 1689).

The Effects of Confirmation

The main of the Sacrament of Confirmation is to strengthen the baptized Christian and increase the grace
received at baptism toward becoming witness to Christ.

The Sacrament is called “ confirmation “ from the verb “ confirm,” which means “to strengthen “ or “ make
firm.” It does not mean to verify as others get confused.

As a confirmed baptized Christian, this means that he/she now shares in the mission of Christ and of the
Church. He/She is empowered to be public witnesses of the faith. Specially, this calls to:

 Witness to the kingdom of God and God’s power present in the new age begun in Christ;
 Witness to Jesus the Christ, as the unique Savior of all;
 Witness to the freedom from the slavery of sin brought by God’s presence through Christ and the
Spirit;
 Witness to the love of God, Father, Risen Incarnate Son, and Spirit, by loving service of others in the
Spirit; and
 Witness to Christ’s real presence in the Christian community, the People of God, the Church (CFC
1631).

The Catechism’s section on confirmation says that confirmation is the special outpouring of the Holy Spirit. Its
effect are to:
 Root us more deeply in divine filiation (being children of God)
 Unite us more firmly to Christ
 Increase the gifts of the Holy Spirit in us
 Strengthen our bond with the Church
 Associate us more closely to Her mission of bearing witness to Christ
 Help us and more strictly oblige us to spread and defend the faith by word and deed

The Qualities of Christian witnesses

To be effective witnesses to Christ and the Church demands certain basic qualities.

These qualities are the following:

 Personal knowledge, awareness, and experience of Christ in their daily lives;

 Strong and enthusiastic Christian convictions and active commitment to Christ and the Church;
 A basic grounding in Scripture, Church teachings, and fundamental human experience;
 The human leadership qualities of honesty and integrity that inspire confidence and a following;
 The communication skills needed to present Christ’s challenge to the Filipino of today in an attractive
 and persuasive manner; and
 The courage to suffer and risk for the kingdom of God.

What is the Spirit of Christ that we share from Him?

The Spirit in Christ our Lord is:

 the Spirit of Holiness, who makes present the All-Holy One;
 the Spirit of love, who enables his followers to love as he loves;
 the Spirit of life, who came that we “might have life and have it more abundantly”
 the Spirit of powers, to fulfil the Father’s will and enable his followers to do the same;
 the Spirit of truth, who sets us free; and
 the Spirit of forgiveness, who brings eternal salvation to the repentant ( CFC 1638).

Jesus was baptized by John and was also confirmed in the Holy Spirit there in the Jordan River. We have seen
that in the plan of God the Father-Jesus, from conception, childhood, public ministry, passion, death,
resurrection, and ascension to the Father, He is constantly guided, strengthen and led by the Spirit.

Receiving the Spirit of Christ makes us holy, loving, living, powerful, truthful, and forgiving and enables us to
give them to others. It is the same Spirit that we are called to share to others.

We experience, therefore, this Spirit of the Lord from others, the Church who is a confirmed Church, the in the
Spirit.

We meet this Spirit of the Lord in his Body, the Church. Christ’s Church is the “ Confirmed Church of the Spirit,
precisely because of Christ’s real presence within his body…viewing confirmation in terms of Christ and the
Church helps to see it as a prayer event, a celebration making explicit what God has done and is continuing to
do with and among His People. (CFC 1639)

Sacramental used in the sacrament of confirmation is holy chrism, it is a mixture of oil and balsam,
consecrated and used for anointing at Baptism, Confirmation, and in other sacramental rituals of the Catholic
Church.

Application

There are assigned students to perform this sacrament. Instruction will be given for them to follow.

Summary

The Holy Spirit is the love between the Father and the Son – guiding, strengthen, inspiring, and motivating
each person to become a witness to Christ and the Church. We are all called to become witnesses to Christ
and the Church. There are no challenges we cannot overcome for we have the gifts of the Holy Spirit.
Post Activity

Q. Point out the three most important qualities among those discussed in the lesson that a person must have
in this modern world to become and effective witness to Christ and the Church. Explain each.

A.1.

A.2.

A.3.
 Mount Carmel College of Escalante, Inc.
Escalante City, Negros Occidental
College Department

Course Title SACRAMENTS AND SACRAMENTALS Course Code REL.ED 3

BSBA 1 & 2
Teachers Education BSED-FIL 2
Department Year Level
BEED 2

Semester First Semester Academic 2020

Year

Module No.4 Sacrament of Initiation Chapter No.

Lesson No.4 Holy Eucharist Date

(Midterm)

Intended At the end of the lesson the student will be able to:
1. Explain Christ’s purpose on instituting the Eucharist
Learning
2. Discuss the necessity to be free from moral sin when receiving Holy Communion
Outcome 3. Pray the prayer after communion

Introduction

The Biblical foundation for Holy Communion is what Christ Himself did at the Last Supper as narrated by St.
Matthew, “While they were eating, Jesus took bread, said the blessings, broke it, and giving it to His disciples
said, ‘Take and eat; this is my body.’ Then He took a cup, gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, “Drink from
it, all of you, for this is my blood of the covenant, which will be shed on behalf of many for the forgiveness of
sins” (Mt.26:26-28).

What Christ emphasizes is the absolute necessity of being nourished by His Body and Blood if the supernatural
life received at Baptism is to be sustained. Jesus Christ tells us that if we do not eat His flesh and drink His
blood, we will not gain eternal life. “ Amen, amen, I say to you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and
drink His blood, you do not have life within you. Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life,
and I will raise him on the last day. For my flesh is true food, and my blood is true drink. Whoever eats my
flesh and drinks my blood remains in me and I in him. Just as the living Father sent me and I have life because
of the Father, so also the one who feeds on me will have life because of me. This is the bread that came down
from heaven. Unlike your ancestors who ate and still died, whoever eats this bread will live forever” (Jn 6:53-
58).
Pre – Activity

Explain the ways on how you nurture your relationship with the following:

1. Parents/Guardians

2. Friends

3. Neighbour

4. Classmates

5. Husband/Wife

Analysis

At the Last Supper, on the night he was betrayed, our Saviour instituted the Eucharistic Sacrifice of his Body
and Blood. This he did in order to perpetuate the sacrifice of the Cross throughout the ages until he should
come again, and so entrust to his beloved Spouse, the Church: The memorial of his death and resurrection; a
sacrament of love, a sign of unity, and bond of charity; a paschal banquet in which Christ is consumed, the
mind is filled with grace; and a pledge of future glory is given to us.

Discussion

The Sacrament of Holy Communion is the third of the Sacraments of Initiation. Even though we are required to
receive Communion at least once per year ( our Easter Duty ), and the Church urges us to receive Communion
frequently (even daily if possible ), it is called a sacrament of initiation because, like Baptism and Confirmation,
it brings us into the fullness of our life in Christ. In Holy Communion, we are eating the true Body and Blood of
Jesus Christ, without which “ you do not have life within you” (Jn 6:53).

The intimate connection of the Sacrament of Holy Communion to our life in Christ necessities that we must be
free of any grave or mortal sin before receiving it, as St. Paul explained in 1 Cor 11:27-29. Otherwise, as he
warns, we receive the sacrament unworthily and we “ eat and drink judgement” to ourselves. If we are aware
of having committed a mortal sin, we must seek God’s forgiveness first through the Sacrament of
Reconciliation. Aside from ensuring that we are free from any serious sin, we must also abstain from food or
drink (except for water and medicine) for one hour before Holy Communion.

If it is physically impossible for us to receive Holy Communion, either because we cannot make it to Mass or
because we need to go to Confession first, we can pray an Act of Spiritual Communion, where we express our
desire to be united with Christ and ask Him to come into our soul. A spiritual communion is not sacramental,
but if prayed devoutly, it can be a source of grace that will strengthen us until we can receive the Sacrament of
Holy Communion once again.

Receiving Holy Communion worthily brings us graces that affect us both spiritually and physically. Spiritually,
our souls become more united with Christ, both through the graces we receive and through the change in our
actions that those graces effect. Frequent Communion increases our love for God and our neighbour, which
expresses itself in acts of charity.
Frequent Communion also relieves us of our passions. Priests and other spiritual directors who counsel those
who are struggling with passions, especially sexual sins, often urge frequent reception not only of the
Sacrament of Confession but of the Sacrament of Holy Communion. By receiving Christ’s Body and Blood, our
own bodies are sanctified, and we grow in our likeness to Christ.

What are the fruits of receiving Communion?

1. The first effect of receiving Holy Communion worthily is to “unite us with Christ.” The man who feeds on
my flesh and drinks my blood remains in me and I in him” (John 6:56). This communion with Christ brings us
true life.
2. A second effect of Holy Communion is to “separate us from sin,” since we receive Christ, whose life-giving
blood was poured out in behalf of many for the forgiveness of sins” (Matthew 26:28;cf. CCC 1393).

This communion with the Risen Christ “gives life through the Holy Spirit” (PO 5), deepening our life of grace
begun in Baptism.

Holy Communion is the receiving of Jesus Christ in the Sacrament of the Holy Eucharist.
 While it is important to nourish our bodies with food, it is also necessary to nourish our souls. This can
be done by receiving the body and blood of Christ in the Sacrament of the Holy Eucharist.
 Christ entirely present under the appearance of bread or wine. It is not necessary therefore that we
receive on both bread and wine. We receive Him whole and entire under the appearances either of
bread alone or of wine alone.
 The faithful receive Communion most commonly under the appearances of bread. The reception of the
precious Blood generally reserved during special feasts or other particular circumstances.

Application

There are group / assigned students to demonstrate this sacrament.

Summary

The Eucharist is essentially the “sacrament of love, a sign of unity, and a bond of charity.” When we receive
the Eucharist, either the consecrated bread and wine, we receive the whole living Lord. Jesus gave us His own
body and blood as food for our souls.

Post Activity

A familiar saying states, “ You are what you eat.” People have different interpretations to this saying. Some
believe that what we eat may determine our physique, emotional stability, and /or even our reasoning.
Answer the question below.

1. Do you believe in the saying? Support your answer with example.

2. Can we apply the saying in receiving Holy Communion?
 Mount Carmel College of Escalante, Inc.
Escalante City, Negros Occidental
College Department

Course Title SACRAMENTS AND SACRAMENTALS Course Code REL.ED 3

BSBA 1 & 2
Teachers Education BSED-FIL 2
Department Year Level
BEED 2

Semester First Semester Academic 2020

Year

Module No.5 Sacrament of Healing Chapter No.

Lesson No.5 Reconciliation/Confession Date

(Pre Final)

Intended At the end of the lesson the student will be able to:
1. Describe God as a forgiving Father
Learning
2. point out ways to forgive others
Outcome 3. discuss the sacrament of reconciliation

Introduction

There is so much need for reconciliation in our world today. It is only in genuine reconciliation that our world
will finally have peace. But this reconciliation must be built upon the foundations of love and understanding,
not violence and coercion. In short, reconciliation must be founded on righteousness.

The father has manifested the true meaning righteousness through Christ as clearly stated by St. Paul in his
letter to the Romans. Because of Jesus’ sacrifice of atonement by His Blood, we have been reconciled and our
friendship with God restored. Through Jesus’ sacrifice, we become God’s adoptive sons and daughters.

Pre – Activity

Answer the questions that follows.

1. what is that one thing you never want other people to do to you?
2. What if that one thing is done to you by someone you do not know? Will you forgive him/her? Why?
3. How many times can you forgive a person doing the same bad thing to you?

Analysis

Grace is greater than sin. God is a loving Father always ready to forgive those with contrite heart. A
relationship includes conflicts, and misunderstandings, joys, and sorrow. Through forgiveness giving and
receiving pardon will keep and nourish ones relationship.

Discussion

Reception of the Sacrament of Reconciliation

Our holy Mother Church teaches us that we Catholics are obliged to receive the sacrament of Penance at least
once a year, usually during the Easter season ( it used to be called “Easter duty”) or whenever we are
conscious and guilty of serious sin. Likewise we are encouraged to receive this sacrament at other times, so
that full unity with God and His Church is restored, and for spiritual growth. The sacrament consists basically
of four acts of the penitent and the priest:

Contrition
First we must be aware of our sins and must be truly sorry (contrite) for them. Another word for repentance is
“contrition.” We must repent of our sins, and seek the sacrament of penance that is, to go to confession to a
priest.

Confession
We confess to a priest all the sins we can recall after examining our conscience which we have not confessed
before. The confession of sin is entirely private, the priest-confessor never reveals anything the penitent
confesses. Traditionally confession takes place in the “confessional,” a small room where the priest and
penitent are separated by a screen to assure complete privacy and anonymity. It is also permissible, if both the
priest and penitent agree, to administer and receive the sacrament of penance “face to face” in another room
in the church reserved for this purpose. The sacrament can take place elsewhere, in an emergency.

Act of Penance
The priest-confessor proposes certain actions called penance for us to perform. This may be saying certain
prayers and/or performing some other fitting actions. When we perform this penance we show our sorrow for
our sinful acts. Penance helps us to overcome our faults, and the harm our sins have caused others. We are
also reconciled with them and with the Church, and are empowered to behave again as true disciples of Christ.

Absolution
After accepting the acts of penance, the priest, by the authority that the church gives absolves us by granting
us God’s pardon for all the sins we have committed.

Infinite Merits of Jesus Christ

The Sacrament of Reconciliation is a sacrament we ought to love rather than fear. It is a sacrament we would
not want to be without because of its wonderful effects on us and our community. It brings about the
restoration of sanctifying grace, forgiveness of sins, remission of punishment, and the restoration of merit to
the grace to conquer temptation. All these becomes possible because of the infinite merits of Jesus Christ,
which the sacrament of reconciliation applies to our souls.

Restoration of sanctifying grace. The sacrament of Reconciliation reunites the soul to God and restores
sanctifying grace, hence, all sins disappear from the soul with the coming of this grace. Furthermore, when
received without any mortal sin on the soul, the sacrament of Reconciliation imparts to the soul an increase in
sanctifying grace. This means that there is a deepening and strengthening of that divine-life-shared by which
the soul is united to God.

The Sacrament of Reconciliation aside from reconciling us with God and the Church forgives all mortal sins
committed and any venial sins which we may have done and for which we are truly sorry are forgiven. These
venial sins are the lesser and more common sins which do not cut us off from God but still hinder the full flow
of his grace to the soul. Therefore, venial sins must not be taken for granted that although they cannot add up
to constitute a mortal sin their accumulation might lead us to become vulnerable to committing mortal sin.

If it is a question of mortal sin, Reconciliation wipes out he eternal punishment which is the inevitable
consequence of mortal sin. It also remits at least part of the temporal punishment due to sin.

Finally, besides all its other benefits, the sacrament of Reconciliation gives us the right to whatever actual
graces we may need, and as we need them, in order that we may make atonement for our past sins and may
conquer our future temptations. This is the special “ sacramental grace” of Penance; it fortifies us against a
relapse into sin. It is a spiritual medicine which strengthens as well as heals. That is why a person intent on
leading a good life will make it a practice to receive the sacrament of Reconciliation often. Frequent confession
is one of the best guarantees against falling into grave sin.

Application

Let the student/s perform the sacrament of Reconciliation.

Summary

Relationship is important in life. Through it, one learns to live a meaningful life. It may not always be joyous
and fun, but every experience in it still counts. However, it must be guarded from false understanding of
values that instead of promoting self-growth, leads one to self destruction.

Post Activity

Answer the following questions.

1. How can we avoid temptation or falling into sin?

2. What is the benefit of confessing our sins to the priest?
3.What is temporal punishment? Give a concrete example to further illustrate it.
4.How will you remain free from sin after receiving forgiveness from God?
 Mount Carmel College of Escalante, Inc.
Escalante City, Negros Occidental
College Department

Course Title SACRAMENTS AND SACRAMENTALS Course Code REL.ED 3

BSBA 1 & 2
Teachers Education BSED-FIL 2
Department Year Level
BEED 2

Semester First Semester Academic 2020

Year

Module No.6 Sacraments of Healing Chapter No.

Lesson No. Anointing of the Sick Date

(Pre Final)

Intended At the end of the lesson the student will be able to:
1. describe Jesus as a compassionate healer
Learning
2. point out ways to help those who are suffering in sickness
Outcome 3. discuss the meaning and effects of anointing of the sick

Introduction

Human sickness or illness is a reality that confronts our human life. We have all experienced sickness at some
point in our lives. It can be even be considered a grave problem when the sickness is serious. In sickness, we
realize our powerlessness and limitedness. This means that when we are sick, we feel dependent on others
and we cannot act the way we used to do like when we are healthy. We may also feel afraid that serious
sickness can possibly lead to death.

Illness can make a person depressed, revolt against God or feel tempted to question God for the sickness
he/she is experiencing. On the other hand, it can also help person to mature, search for God and return to
Him.
Pre – Activity

Answer the following.

1. What do you think is the difference between “ curing” and “healing”?

2. Do you have your own personal experience of healing? What was it?

Analysis

Jesus is a compassionate healer. God’s grace gives healing of the body and the soul, sickness indicates and
reminds us of our limitations and need for God and others.

Discussion

The Gospels reveal to us that Jesus is indeed the great healer. Jesus cleansed lepers (cf.Lk 17:11-19), gave sight
to the blind (cf.Mk 10:46-52),

Jesus’ healing of the body was not an end to itself. Jesus wanted to save the whole person-both body and soul.
Hence, Jesus has the power not only to heal the body, but also the power to heal the soul. Which He did by
forgiving sins. Further, Jesus makes use of signs in His healing such as spittle and the laying on of hands, mud,
and washing (cf.Mk 7:32-36; Jn 9:6-7). To be healed however, Jesus would ask the sick to have faith in Him.
Today, Jesus continues to heal us through the Church and the sacraments (cf.CCC 1504; CFC 1829).

The Gospels speak of Jesus’ love and concern for the sick and the suffering. The ministry of Jesus involved acts
of healing and forgiveness. This healing ministry was entrusted to the apostles, to be continued in, for and by
the Church. Jesus commissioned the apostles to ‘cure or heal the sick’ (cf.Mt 10:8). Jesus summoned the
Twelve, and they anointed the sick with oil and worked many cures” (cf. Mk 6:7,13). The risen Jesus also
promised the eleven apostles that the sick upon whom they laid their hands would recover (cf.Mk16:18).
Through these acts, Jesus institutes the sacrament of Anointing of the Sick.

The apostles were to carry out this mission by taking care of the sick. The early Church heeded this mission as
St. James attests:

“Is anyone among you sick? He should summon the presbyters of the church, and they should pray over him
and anoint (him) with oil in the name of the Lord, and the prayer of faith will save the sick person, and the
Lord will raise him up. If he has committed any sins, he will be forgiven” (Jas 5:14-16).

The Church patterned the rite of the Anointing of the Sick to this text from St. James, hence, today, we
celebrate the sacrament of Anointing of the Sick in a similar way. The celebration of the sacrament includes
the following principal elements: the priests of the Church, laying on of hands on the sick, prayer in the faith of
the Church, and anointing with blessed oil.

The Anointing of the Sick can take place in the family home, a hospital or church, for a single sick person or a
whole group of sick of persons. It is very fitting to celebrate it within the Eucharist. It can also be preceded by
the sacrament of Penance, followed by the Eucharist. The ‘viaticum’, which is the Eucharist for those nearing
death can also be given to the seriously sick to prepare them in his or her passage to eternal life (cf.CCC
1517;1519).

Rite of the Celebration of the Sacrament of Anointing of the Sick

The Anointing of the Sick, like the other sacraments is a liturgical and communal celebration. The celebration
rite of the sacrament of Anointing of the Sick is as follows:

After the initial Greeting, and recommended Penitential Rite similar to the one used in the Mass, the
Sacrament consists of the following three distinct actions.

Prayer of Faith
The community, the people of God represented by the priest, the family, friends and others, pray for those to
be anointed.

Laying of Hands
This imitates Jesus’ own gesture of healing (cf.Lk 4:40), and invokes the coming of the Holy Spirit who brings
the blessing of God’s healing grace upon the sick person.

Anointing with Oil

This action, made holy by God’s blessing, signify the strengthening and healing that comes from the Spirit.
Anointing the forehead and hands of the sick, the priest prays: Through this holy anointing may the Lord, in His
love and mercy, help you with the grace of the Holy Spirit. May the Lord who frees you from sin save you raise
you up. Amen.

Application

Students may perform the sacrament of anointing of the sick. Instruction will be given.

Summary

The sacrament promotes health of body and spirit. To live up this, we must take care of own bodies by
treating our bodies worthily, adopting a good lifestyle. To be healthy spiritually however, we must nourish our
souls through prayer and reception of the sacraments, especially the Eucharist and Reconciliation.

Post Activity

1. How can you be an agent of healing to other people?

2. If you are sick, how should you think and live with it?
3. How does the Church continue the healing ministry of Jesus today?
 Mount Carmel College of Escalante, Inc.
Escalante City, Negros Occidental
College Department

Course Title SACRAMENTS AND SACRAMENTALS Course Code REL.ED 3

BSBA 1 & 2
Teachers Education BSED-FIL 2
Department Year Level
BEED 2

Semester First Semester Academic 2020

Year

Module No.7 Sacraments of Service Chapter No.

Lesson No.7 Matrimony/Marriage Date

(Final)

Intended At the end of the lesson the student will be able to:
1. Describe God as the bond between husband and wife
Learning
2. point the importance of love in uniting man and woman, and keeping all human
Outcome relationships healthy and holy
3. Emphasize the importance of prayer and Eucharist for relationship to grow, mature, and
flourish

Introduction

Marriage is a celebration of the public vow of a man and woman to love each other in mutual fidelity until
death. This sacrament of matrimony seals the love of husband and wife and reflects God’s divine plan of love.
It is a foreshadowing of the covenant between Christ and the Church (cf.CFC 1892,1895).

Through the sacrament of matrimony, the couple bind their commitment of love to each other, before God
and the Christian community and are blessed through, with, and in Christ the Lord (cf.CFC 2000).

Pre – Activity
1. What is your idea of marriage? What is marriage for you?
2. What do you think is the secret to or element of a lasting marriage?
3. Why do you think some marriage fail?
Analysis

The Sacrament of Matrimony, one of the seven sacraments celebrates and binds the commitment of a
baptized man and woman to a lifelong mutual giving and fidelity to each other. It purifies the couple and gives
them the grace to generate and educate responsibly their children, the fruit of their love.

Discussion

Marriage as a Sacrament

As a sacrament, marriage is when a man and woman stand before God and their fellow men and women, and
freely and publicly declare, in one form or another, to be “of one heart and one soul, from this day forward,
for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health, until death do us part.” Hence , the
couple publicly vow to make their love union exclusive and permanent, which can never be dissolved. Through
it, they become an efficacious sign of Christ’s redemptive love to each other, their offspring, and their
community (cf. CFC 1898).

The grace of the sacrament of Matrimony perfects the human love of the spouses, strengthens their
indissoluble union and sanctifies them. The grace of the sacrament also helps the attain holiness in their
marries life, accept responsibly the gift of children, and provide for their education (Compendium of CCC 347).

We now the value of getting married in the Church in these days when there is a big temptation to enter into
trial marriages or free unions or living in which attack the intrinsic dignity of the person and the truth of their
relationship in the community. Marriage then must not be simply seen as a wedding ceremony. It is rather, the
solemn entry of the spouse into a binding commitment before God and the Christian community. Also it is not
just a celebration but an ongoing life of the married couple. It then is not an end but beginning, not a state but
a process.

Marriage is the sacrament through which Christ gives Himself to the couple in and through their ongoing
mutual self-giving love. Through it, Jesus abides with the spouses so they will love each other with enduring
fidelity(cf. CFC 1899;1901-02).

The Goods of Marriage

Marriage is based on the consent of contracting parties, that is, on their will to give themselves to each other,
mutually and definitely, in order to live a covenant of faithful and fruitful love (CCC 1662).

This means that first, conjugal or married love entails indissolubility and faithfulness. The love of the souses
requires that their union which embraces their entire life: ”so they are no longer two, but one flesh.” They are
called to grow continually through their everyday fidelity to their marriage promise of mutual self- giving. The
intimate union of the couple and the good of the children require total fidelity and an unbreakable union
between the spouses (cf. CCC 1643-46). Hence, according to the divine plan this conjugal union is indissoluble,
as Jesus affirmed: “Therefore what God has joined together, no human being must separate” (Mk.10:9).

Indissolubility does not mean that the Church will force the couple to live together even if they no longer
agree peaceably. The Church may declare a separation of a validity marries couple when there is a grave cause
like adultery, threats on the life, etc. The separation declared by the Church though does not cut the valid
marital bond neither of the parties can remarry until the death of the other party. The Church only allows
annulment for valid grounds, hence, one must take into account seriously the responsibilities and demands of
matrimony before entering into it. Further, if God call us for marries life, we must enter into it with the
blessing of God and the Church.

Second, conjugal love entails openness to life or fertility. This means that marriage and married love is ordered
to the procreation and education of children as God blessed man and woman with the word: “be fertile and
multiply” (cf.Gen.1:28). The fruitfulness of this conjugal love extends to children, as parents are the principal
and first educators of their children. Spouses who are not granted children though can still meaningfully share
their conjugal life through charity, hospitality and sacrifice (cf.CCC 1652-54). Marriage does not lose its value if
couples are not able to have offsprings.

Application

Students will Demonstrate the Rite of the Sacrament of Matrimony.

Summary

Marriage, a union of a man and a woman in the Sacrament of Matrimony is more than contract signed on a
piece of paper. Rather, it is a covenant of love between a man and a woman. The marriage covenant is rooted
in God’s plan at the very moment of creation. By creating man and woman He called them to an intimate
communion of life and love in marriage, “so that they are no longer two, but one flesh” (Mt. 19-6).

Post Activity

Lets do this. Explain the following.

1. Are you amenable to courtship? Why?

2. Will you in the future, whatever your age is, go through courtship before marriage?Why?
3. Give three words that best describe what marriage is:
 Mount Carmel College of Escalante, Inc.
Escalante City, Negros Occidental
College Department

Course Title SACRAMENTS AND SACRAMENTALS Course Code REL.ED 3

BSBA 1 & 2
Teachers Education BSED-FIL 2
Department Year Level
BEED 2

Semester First Semester Academic 2020

(Final)
Year

Module No.8 Sacraments of Service Chapter No.

Lesson No.8 Holy Orders Date

Intended At the end of the lesson the student will be able to:
1. understand the call to priesthood in the truth about creation, redemption and
Learning
sanctification
Outcome 2. to live one’s priestly mission as a baptized Christian
3. discuss the Sacrament of Holy Orders and pray foe the priests.

Introduction

The Apostles are the successors of Jesus. They continued His mission of teaching, sanctifying, and governing.
Their lives were dedicated to serve the people.

The apostles provided us the good example as sent. Even though we do not choose to become a priest/nun,
by virtue of our baptism, we are to proclaim the Gospel and make Christ present to others. This does not
promise joy on this world, but surely, Christ prepares a place for us.

Pre – Activity

List down at least (10) qualities of a priest/s today need the most in their ministry.
Analysis
Ordained priests commit themselves and their lives for the service of the Lord and His kingdom and we all
share in the priesthood of Christ by virtue of our baptism. With that all those in the holy orders need the
support of the community.
Discussion

Catholic men who “take Holy Orders” receive a special sacrament called Holy Orders, which creates the
hierarchy of deacon, priest, and bishop. These men (who are ordained by a bishop by means of that
sacrament) serve the spiritual needs of others in the Catholic Church.

A baptized man must first be ordained a deacon before being ordained a priest and ordained a priest before
being ordained a bishop. So every priest and every bishop has experienced the Sacrament of Holy Orders more
than once, but he experiences ordination to each level only once.

One of the primary functions of deacons, priests, and bishops is to administer the sacred rites of the
Church to God’s people:

*Bishops are said to have the “fullness of the priesthood,” because they alone have the authority to offer all
seven sacraments — Baptism, Penance, Holy Eucharist, Confirmation, Matrimony, Anointing of the Sick, and
Holy Orders.

*Priests have the power and authority to celebrate five — Baptism, Penance, Holy Eucharist (Mass),
Matrimony, and Anointing of the Sick.

*Deacons can celebrate Baptism and Matrimony, provided that it’s a wedding without a Nuptial Mass.

The Sacrament of Holy Orders doesn’t make a man a Church aristocrat, but it does confer the dignity of the
sacrament, and that entails the obligation to obey the Pope and be of service to the people of God. Pastors are
to see their role as shepherds who love and know their sheep.

A man can retire from the active ministry or be forced to leave if he misbehaves, but no deacon, priest,
or bishop can ever have his Holy Orders taken away from him.

Being defrocked is involuntary and is imposed as a punishment for committing crime or scandal.

Laicization is at the request of the cleric who wishes to be relieved of his obligations of celibacy and no longer
wants to celebrate his sacred ministry.

Both actions have the same effect: Defrocked and laicized priests can’t wear the Roman collar, be called
“Father,” or publicly celebrate the sacraments. All requests for laicization must go to Rome, and only the
Vatican can approve them.

THE EFFECTS OF THE SACRAMENT OF HOLY ORDERS

The indelible character

This sacrament configures the recipient to Christ by a special grace of the Holy Spirit, so that he may serve as
Christ's instrument for his Church. By ordination one is enabled to act as a representative of Christ, Head of
the Church, in his triple office of priest, prophet, and king.

As in the case of Baptism and Confirmation this share in Christ's office is granted once for all. The sacrament of
Holy Orders, like the other two, confers an indelible spiritual character and cannot be repeated or conferred
temporarily.

It is true that someone validly ordained can, for grave reasons, be discharged from the obligations and
functions linked to ordination, or can be forbidden to exercise them; but he cannot become a layman again in
the strict sense, because the character imprinted by ordination is for ever. The vocation and mission received
on the day of his ordination mark him permanently.

Since it is ultimately Christ who acts and effects salvation through the ordained minister, the unworthiness of
the latter does not prevent Christ from acting. St. Augustine states this forcefully:

As for the proud minister, he is to be ranked with the devil. Christ's gift is not thereby profaned: what flows
through him keeps its purity, and what passes through him remains dear and reaches the fertile earth. . . . The
spiritual power of the sacrament is indeed comparable to light: those to be enlightened receive it in its purity,
and if it should pass through defiled beings, it is not itself defiled.

The grace of the Holy Spirit

The grace of the Holy Spirit proper to this sacrament is configuration to Christ as Priest, Teacher, and Pastor,
of whom the ordained is made a minister.

For the bishop, this is first of all a grace of strength ("the governing spirit": Prayer of Episcopal Consecration in
the Latin rite):78 the grace to guide and defend his Church with strength and prudence as a father and pastor,
with gratuitous love for all and a preferential love for the poor, the sick, and the needy. This grace impels him
to proclaim the Gospel to all, to be the model for his flock, to go before it on the way of sanctification by
identifying himself in the Eucharist with Christ the priest and victim, not fearing to give his life for his sheep:

Father, you know all hearts.

You have chosen your servant for the office of bishop.
May he be a shepherd to your holy flock,
and a high priest blameless in your sight,
ministering to you night and day;
may he always gain the blessing of your favor
and offer the gifts of your holy Church.
Through the Spirit who gives the grace of high priesthood
grant him the power
to forgive sins as you have commanded
to assign ministries as you have decreed
and to loose from every bond by the authority which you
gave to your apostles. May he be pleasing to you by his gentleness and purity of heart,
presenting a fragrant offering to you,
through Jesus Christ, your Son.

The spiritual gift conferred by presbyteral ordination is expressed by this prayer of the Byzantine Rite. The
bishop, while laying on his hand, says among other things:
 Lord, fill with the gift of the Holy Spirit
him whom you have deigned to raise to the rank of the priesthood,
that he may be worthy to stand without reproach before your altar
to proclaim the Gospel of your kingdom,
to fulfill the ministry of your word of truth,
to offer you spiritual gifts and sacrifices,
to renew your people by the bath of rebirth;
so that he may go out to meet
our great God and Savior Jesus Christ, your only Son,
on the day of his second coming,
and may receive from your vast goodness
the recompense for a faithful administration of his order.
With regard to deacons, "strengthened by sacramental grace they are dedicated to the People of God, in
conjunction with the bishop and his body of priests, in the service (diakonia) of the liturgy, of the Gospel, and
of works of charity."

Before the grandeur of the priestly grace and office, the holy doctors felt an urgent call to conversion in order
to conform their whole lives to him whose sacrament had made them ministers. Thus St. Gregory of
Nazianzus, as a very young priest, exclaimed:

We must begin by purifying ourselves before purifying others; we must be instructed to be able to instruct,
become light to illuminate, draw close to God to bring him close to others, be sanctified to sanctify, lead by
the hand and counsel prudently. I know whose ministers we are, where we find ourselves and to where we
strive. I know God's greatness and man's weakness, but also his potential. [Who then is the priest? He is] the
defender of truth, who stands with angels, gives glory with archangels, causes sacrifices to rise to the altar on
high, shares Christ's priesthood, refashions creation, restores it in God's image, recreates it for the world on
high and, even greater, is divinized and divinizes. And the holy Cure of Ars: "The priest continues the work of
redemption on earth. . . . If we really understood the priest on earth, we would die not of fright but of love. . . .
The Priesthood is the love of the heart of Jesus."

St. Paul said to his disciple Timothy: "I remind you to rekindle the gift of God that is within you through the
laying on of my hands" (2 Tim 1:6), and "If any one aspires to the office of bishop, he desires a noble task." (1
Tim 3:1) To Titus he said: "This is why I left you in Crete, that you amend what was defective, and appoint
presbyters in every town, as I directed you" (Titus 1:5).

The whole Church is a priestly people. Through Baptism all the faithful share in the priesthood of Christ. This
participation is called the "common priesthood of the faithful." Based on this common priesthood and ordered
to its service, there exists another participation in the mission of Christ: the ministry conferred by the
sacrament of Holy Orders, where the task is to serve in the name and in the person of Christ the Head in the
midst of the community.

The ministerial priesthood differs in essence from the common priesthood of the faithful because it confers a
sacred power for the service of the faithful. The ordained ministers exercise their service for the People of God
by teaching (munus docendi), divine worship (munus liturgicum) and pastoral governance (munus regendi).

Since the beginning, the ordained ministry has been conferred and exercised in three degrees: that of bishops,
that of presbyters, and that of deacons. The ministries conferred by ordination are irreplaceable for the
organic structure of the Church: without the bishop, presbyters, and deacons, one cannot speak of the Church
(cf. St. Ignatius of Antioch, Ad Trall. 3,1).

The bishop receives the fullness of the sacrament of Holy Orders, which integrates him into the episcopal
college and makes him the visible head of the particular Church entrusted to him. As successors of the
apostles and members of the college, the bishops share in the apostolic responsibility and mission of the
whole Church under the authority of the Pope, successor of St. Peter.

Priests are united with the bishops in sacerdotal dignity and at the same time depend on them in the exercise
of their pastoral functions; they are called to be the bishops' prudent co-workers. They form around their
bishop the presbyterium which bears responsibility with him for the particular Church. They receive from the
bishop the charge of a parish community or a determinate ecclesial office.

Deacons are ministers ordained for tasks of service of the Church; they do not receive the ministerial
priesthood, but ordination confers on them important functions in the ministry of the word, divine worship,
pastoral governance, and the service of charity, tasks which they must carry out under the pastoral authority
of their bishop.

The sacrament of Holy Orders is conferred by the laying on of hands followed by a solemn prayer of
consecration asking God to grant the ordinand the graces of the Holy Spirit required for his ministry.
Ordination imprints an indelible sacramental character.

The Church confers the sacrament of Holy Orders only on baptized men (viri), whose suitability for the
exercise of the ministry has been duly recognized. Church authority alone has the responsibility and right to
call someone to receive the sacrament of Holy Orders.

In the Latin Church the sacrament of Holy Orders for the presbyterate is normally conferred only on
candidates who are ready to embrace celibacy freely and who publicly manifest their intention of staying
celibate for the love of God's kingdom and the service of men.

It is bishops who confer the sacrament of Holy Orders in the three degrees.

Application

Let the student demonstrate the discussed sacrament ( Sacrament of Holy Order ).
Summary

Priests’ are bound in a special way to strive for this perfection since they are consecrated to God in a new way
by their ordination. Since every priest in his own way represents the person of Jesus Christ himself, he is
endowed with special grace which enables him, through his service of the people, to better pursue the
perfection of Christ.

In the same way, as we share in the priesthood of Christ by virtue of baptism, we are called to be holy, offering
sacrifice to the Father through Christ.
Post Activity

Answer the following.

1. Do you have the qualities expected of a priest/nun? Why?
2. If God calls you to be one, will you say, “yes to His call? Why?
3. Do you believe that being a priest/nun is a choice?why?