Kinematics Pt. 2

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General

Physics 1
Kinematics: Motion Along a Straight Line
Objectives
Table of Contents

01 Distance and
Displacement 03 Acceleration

Uniformly
02 Speed and
Velocity 04 Accelerated
Motion
3
Acceleration
Acceleration

It is the rate of change of the

velocity. Acceleration is the

name we give to any process

where the velocity changes.


Acceleration
High Speed, High Speed, Low Speed, Low Speed,
Low High Low High
Acceleration Acceleration Acceleration Acceleration

A car flooring it out of a red light

A car that is driving slowly and


nearly steady velocity through a
school zone

A car that is moving fast and tries to


pass another car on the freeway by
flooring it

A car driving with a high and nearly


steady velocity on the freeway
Acceleration
Average Acceleration

𝑣 − 𝑣𝑜 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐴𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛(𝑎)
Ԧ = =
∆𝑡 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙
Example
A neurotic tiger shark starts from rest and speeds up
uniformly to 12 meters per second in a time of 3 seconds.
What was the magnitude of the average acceleration of the
tiger shark?
Example
𝑚
A bald eagle is flying to the left with a speed of 34 when a
𝑠

gust of wind blows back against the eagle causing it to slow


down with a constant acceleration of a magnitude 8 𝑚/𝑠 2 .
What will the speed of the bald eagle be after the wind has
blown for 3 seconds?
Example
Instantaneous
Acceleration

𝑑𝑣 𝑑 2 𝑥
𝐼𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑜𝑢𝑠 𝐴𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛(𝑎𝑖 ) = = 2
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
Example
The motion of the car is provided by the function 𝑥 = 4𝑡 2 +
10𝑡 + 6. Compute its Instantaneous Acceleration at time t = 5s.
4
Uniformly
Accelerated
Motion
Uniformly Accelerated Motion

The motion of a particle along a

straight line at a constant

acceleration. It means that the

velocity changes by equal

amounts in equal time intervals.


Uniformly Accelerated Motion
Uniformly Accelerated
Motion
An airplane accelerates down a runway at 3.20 𝑚/𝑠 2 for 32.8 s
until it finally lifts off the ground. Determine the distance
traveled before takeoff.
Free Fall
Jimin drops a ball from the top of a room located 10m above
the ground. Determine the time needed for the ball to reach
the ground.
Assignment #4
𝑚
A.) A sparrow, while going back to its nest accelerates to 6
𝑠
𝑚
from 10 in 8s. What can we say about its average
𝑠

acceleration?
Assignment #4

B.) A particle is in motion and is accelerating. It is provided


𝑚
by the function 𝑣 𝑡 = 20𝑡 − 10𝑡 2 .
𝑠

1. Find the instantaneous velocity at 𝑡 = 1𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3𝑠


2. Find the instantaneous acceleration at 𝑡 = 1𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3𝑠
Assignment #4

C.) A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly over a


time of 4 seconds for a distance of 60 m. Determine the
acceleration of the car.
Assignment #4

D. A bike accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed


of 8.5 m/s over a distance of 32 m. Determine the
acceleration of the bike.
Next week’s lessons

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