‫امجلهـــــــورية اجلـــــــزائرية ادلميقــــــــراطية الشعــــــــبية‬

République Algérienne Démocratique et Populaire

‫وزارة التعلــــــــــــــــــمي العـــــــــــــــايل والبحــــــــــــث العلــــــــــــــمي‬
Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique
‫جــــــــامعة غــــــــــــــــــرداية‬ N°d’enregistrement
Université de Ghardaïa /…../…../.…./…../…..
‫لكيـــــــــة العلـــــــــــــــوم والتكنولوجـــــــــــــــــــيا‬
Faculté des Sciences et de la Technologie
‫قســـــــم الــــــــري و الهندســــــــــة املدنيـــــــــــة‬
Département Hydraulique et Génie Civile
Mémoire
Pour l’obtention du diplôme de Master
Domaine: ST
Filière:Hydraulique
Spécialité: Hydraulique Urbaine

Thème

Apport de la methode coiled tubing a l'augmentation de

la productivite d'un puits Tig 37 krechba petrolier
Déposé le : 17/06/2021

Par
Bekiri abd erahmane & Mousselmal moussa

Par le jury composé de :

Dr.Boubeli Salim Univ Ghardaia Evaluateur

Dr. Chouireb Moustapha Univ Ghardaia Evaluateur
Dr. Achour Mancour Univ Ghardaia Encadreur

Année universitaire : 2020/2021

 DEDICATIONS
I wouldlike to dedicatethismodestwork to the people mostdear
to myheart
To mymother, whoalwaysgives me hope to live and who has
neverstopped
neverstoppedpraying for me.
To myfather, for his encouragement, his support, especially for
his
for his love and his sacrifice sothatnothinghinders the progress
of my
the progress of mystudies.
To mydearbrothers.
To all mybigfamily,
To myteachers for their help.
To my best friends and all myclassmates.
To all thosewhom I love and respect.
 Thanks

First of all, wethankGodAlmighty for havinggranted us the strength, the courage

and the themeans to accomplishthismodestwork .
We are particularlygrateful to :
To ourthesisdirector Mr. Ashour, professor at the University of Ghardaïa, for
havingaccepted to supervise ourwork and to followitclosely. And for hisadvice
and availabilitythatallowed us to do thiswork.
Wewouldalsolike to thankhim for hisexceptionalkindness.
To all the teachers of the Department of Science and Technology of the University
of Ghardaïa whotaught us during five years of training.
To all the teacherswho have trained us duringourschool programs
fromelementary to high school.
To ourdear parents and families for theirprecious help and encouragement
continues.
Finally, wewouldlike to thank all the friends and colleagueswhohelped and
encouraged us to realizethisthesis .
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Dedications
Tankas
Keywords
Resumie
Abstract
Introduction
Chapter I:
I.1.Intruduction 1
I.2.History of Coiled Tubing 1
I.3. Definition 1
I.4. System Overview 2
I.5. Coiled Tubing applications 2
I.5.1. Pumping applications 2
I.5.2. Mechanical applications 3
I.5.3. Drilling applications for the unit coiled tubing 3
I.6. Advantages of Coiled Tubing 3
I.7. Disadvantages of Coiled Tubing 4
I.8.1. Coiled Tubing Capabilities 4
I.8.2. Limitation of use of coiled tubing 5
I.9. Characteristics of coiled tubing 5
I.9.1. Materials for the manufacture of tubing 5
I.9.2. Forces applied to Coiled Tubing 6
I.9.3. The criticalde formation moment of Tubing during the maneuver 6
I.10. Conclusion 7
ChapterII : Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing
II.1.Intruduction 9
II.2.Surface equipment 10
II.2.1 Control cabin 10
II.2.2. Power unit 11
II.2.3. Winch drum 12
II.2.4. Injection head 13
II.2.4.1. Goose neck 14
II.2.4.2. Drive Chains and Tensioners 14
II.2.4.3. Chain component 15
II.2.4.4. Weightindicator 15
II.2.5. Packer (stripper) 16
II.2.5.1. The conventional stripper 16
II.2.5.2. The lateral stripper 17
II.2.5.3 Radial stripper 18
II.2.6.BlowoutPrevention System ( BOP ) 19
II.2.6.1Quadruple BOP 20
II.2.6.2. Combinaison BOP 21
II.2.6.3 Annular BOP 21
II.2.6.4 Shutters (shear/seal) 21
II.2.7. Deployment system 21
II.3. The bottomtools 22
II.3.1. Fitting (connector) 23
II.3.2. Check valve 23
II.3.3. Hydraulic disconnector 24
II.3.4. Centerers 24
II.3.5. The loaders 25
II.3.6. Patella 25
II.3.7. The tool 26
II.4. Conclusion 26
Chapter III :case study
III.1. Introduction 28
III.2.Objectives 28
III.3.Program Overview 29
III.4.Presentation of the krechbafield 29
III.4.1.Intruduction 29
III.4.2.structurally of Geology 30
III.4.3.The Carboniferous 31
III.4.4.The Devonian 32
III.4.5.Well testing and reservoir fluids 32
III.4.6.Well Data 33
III.5. Service Companies Responsibilities 34
III.5.1. Responsibilities of Schlumberger Well Test crew 34
III.5.2. Responsibilities of Halliburton Coiled tubing crew 35
III.6.TECHNICALINFOANDWELLBORESCHEMATIC 36
III.6.1.CustomerWellboreschematic 36
III.6.2.SuspensionSchematic 36
III.7. JOBPARAMETERS 39
III.7.1.Wellbore Teg-37 39
III.7.2.Reservoir 39
III.7.3. Fluids 39
III.7.4. Equipment Required 40
III.7.5.BHA 40
III.8. JOBPROCEDURE 41
III.9. Procedure 42
III.9.1.Note 42
III.10. CTBOTTOMHOLEASSEMBLY 43
III.11.RIGLAYOUT 44
III.12.STACKUPDIAGRAM 45
III.13. Slick Line and Clean Up Operations step by step 46
III.13.1.Day 1: Slick Line WORK 46
III.13.2.Day 2 :RU of Schlumberger Test Equipment 46
III.13.3.Day 3: Coiled tubing Rig Up and Unloading the Well 48
III.14.4.Day 4: Rig Down of Well test equipments 50
III.15.CALCULATIONS 51
III.15.1. Weight of Gas Column to 2500 m 51
( Top of hydrocarbon liquid )
III.15.2. Weight of Hydrocarbon liquid from 2500 m to 51
( HUD – 10 m )
III.15.3. Wight of hydrocarbon column from ( HUD – 10 m ) to top 51
perforation ( at 2930 m )
III.15.4.Total weight of Wellbore fluid column to top perforation 51
(at 2930 m)
III.16.Diagrams and Scenario Schematics 51
III.16.1. 1st Scenario: 55 mmscf/d (Shlumberger Simulation) 51
III.16.2.2ndScenario : 14 mmscfd(Shlumberger Simulation) 52
III.17. conclusion 53
Conclusion General 54
References 55
 TABLE OF FIGURES
Chapter I
Figure I.1: Coil Tubing unit 2
Figure I.2:SlittingSteelSheet for Strip 6
Figure I.3 : Rolls of Steel Strips 6
Figure I.4 : True-Taper™ 6
Chapter II
FigureII.1 : coiled tubing equipment 9
FigureII.2 : Simplified layout of a console control panel 10
FigureII.3 : Control cabin 11
FigureII.4 : Power unit 12
Figure II.5: Simplified layout Showing Winch drum 13
FigureII.6 : Winch drum 13
Figure II.7 : Injection headassembly 13
FigureII.8 : Gooseneck 14
FigureII.9 : Chains and Tensioners 15
FigureII.10 : Chain component 15
FigureII.11 : Weight indicator 15
FigureII.12 : stripper 16
FigureII.13 : conventional stripper 17
FigureII.14 :lateral stripper 18
FigueII.15 : Radial stripper 18
FigureII.16 : BOP 19
FigureII.17 : Quadruple BOP 19
FigureII.18 : Combinaison BOP 20
Figure II.19 : Annular BOP 20
FigureII.20 : Shutters (shear/seal) 21
Figure II.21 : offshore deployment 22
FigureII.22 : onshoredeployment 22
FigureII.23 : types des connecteurs 23
Figure II.24 : check valve 24
FigureII.25 : disconnector 24
FigureII.26 : Centerers 25
FigureII.27 :Patella 26
Figure II.28 : different tools 26
Chapter III :case study
Figure III.1: Situation map of the Khrechba deposit 29
Figure III.2: Location of Project Area 30
Figure III.3: Structure of the Khrechba deposit 32
FigureIII.4: Stratigraphic column 33
Figure III.5 :Teg-37SuspensionSchematic-Fina 37
Figure III.6:Standard wash BHA shematic 43
Figure III.7 : Rig Layout Represents 44
Figure III .8 :STACKUPDIAGRA 45
Figure III .9:Scenario well test Layout 1 52
Figure III .10:Scenario well test Layout 2 52
Figure III.11 : surface testing equipment layout 53
List of tables Chapter I
Table I. 1 : Tubing Size 2
List of tables Chapter III
Table III.1:completionSchematic 36
Table III.2 : job procedures Represents 41
 keywords

bbl/ft = barrels US per foot

bbl/min = barrels US per min

bbl/stroke = barrels US per stroke

BHP = bottom hole pressure

BOH = blow out preventer

TRSSV = Tubing-Retrievable Safety Valve

scf/bbl = Standard cubic feet/ barrels

PPE = personal protective equipment

MSDS = Material Safety Data Sheets

CTU Services = Coiled Tubing Unit Service

RIH ≠ pooh

TRSV = Tubing-Retrievable Safety Valve

BPV = BACK PRESSURE VALVE PUMP

POOH = PULL-OUT-OF-HOLE
 ABSTRACT

Interventions processes to deal with problems that stop production or hinder

production efficiency, the term "well operations" refers to all the provisions applicable
to the wells themselves and having as their object, on the one hand, knowledge of the
evolution of the state of the wells or the deposit and, on the other hand The
maintenance or the adaptation of the wells in order to remain in conditions of use as
perfect as possible, out on a well are numerous and can be grouped together in
measurement operations, maintenance operations and repackaging or recovery
operations, they fall into two categories: light or heavy: Light interventions are cable
work operations and pumping operations that based on light unit uses and heavy
operations are coiled tubing, snubbing and work over operations that based on the use
of multiple units and heavy units (Use drill rig on the work over operation and snubbing
unit), Keywords: intervention, measurement, maintenance, wireline, coiled tubing,
snubbing. workover.

RÉSUMÉ
Processus d'interventions pour faire face à des problèmes qui arrêtent la production
ou entravent l'efficacité de la production, le terme « exploitation des puits » désigne
l'ensemble des dispositions applicables aux puits eux-mêmes et ayant pour objet,
d'une part, la connaissance de l'évolution de l'état des puits ou le gisement et, d'autre
part La maintenance ou l'adaptation des puits afin de rester dans des conditions
d'utilisation aussi parfaites que possible, hors sur un puits sont nombreuses et peuvent
être regroupées en opérations de mesures, opérations de maintenance et de
reconditionnement ou opérations de récupération, elles se répartissent en deux
catégories : légères ou lourdes : les interventions légères sont des opérations de
travail de câble et des opérations de pompage basées sur des utilisations d'unités
légères et des opérations lourdes sont des unités lourdes (Use drill rig on the work
over operation and snobbing unit), Mots clés : intervention, mesure, maintenance,
filaire, coiled tubing, snub bing. retravailler.

‫ملخص‬

‫ يشير مصطلح "عمليات‬، ‫عمليات التدخل للتعامل مع المشكالت التي توقف اإلنتاج أو تعيق كفاءة اإلنتاج‬
‫ معرفة تطور حالة‬، ‫ من ناحية‬، ‫البئر" إلى جميع األحكام المطبقة على اآلبار نفسها والتي يكون هدفها‬
‫ صيانة أو تكييف اآلبار من أجل البقاء في ظروف االستخدام‬، ‫ ومن ناحية أخرى‬، ‫اآلبار أو الرواسب‬
‫ خارج البئر عديدة ويمكن تجميعها م ًعا في عمليات القياس وعمليات الصيانة‬، ‫المثالية قدر اإلمكان‬
‫ التدخالت الخفيفة هي‬:‫ الخفيفة أو الثقيلة‬:‫ فهي تنقسم إلى فئتين‬، ‫وإعادة التعبئة أو عمليات االسترداد‬
، ‫عمليات عمل الكابالت وعمليات الضخ التي تعتمد على استخدامات الوحدات الخفيفة والعمليات الثقيلة‬
‫ والعمل على العمليات التي تعتمد على استخدام وحدات متعددة و الوحدات‬، ‫ وعزل‬، ‫وهي أنابيب ملفوفة‬
‫ القياس‬، ‫ التدخل‬:‫ الكلمات الرئيسية‬، )‫الثقيلة (استخدم جهاز الحفر في العمل فوق وحدة التشغيل والصدم‬
‫ انتهاء العمل‬.‫ التنفيس بنج‬، ‫ األنابيب الملتفة‬، ‫ الكابالت السلكية‬، ‫ الصيانة‬،
 Intruduction General :
Despite the revolution in techniques used up to this point in drilling for the recovery of
hydrocarbons the best known problem is the decrease in producio. a horizontal well was a
ideal solution for field development, but due to the size of the reservoirs, drilling
conventional new horizontal wells were not economically attractive.
Re-entry using boreholes. existing systems using Coiled Tubing Drilling (CTD) has been
determined as one of the best options for the development of fields thanks to the equipment
and
new techniques which confirm these advantages over conventional drilling.
A montage fast and shorter tripping times and generally result in higher production rates
than those obtained using conventional overbalance drilling techniques. Coiled Tubing Drilling
"CTD" is one of the newly introduced techniques on the field of Krechba deposit, it combines
between the concepts of TC and conventional drilling, There are important differences
between these two techniques.
The CTD offers several unique advantages and capabilities over the conventional drilling
method, it has there are several drawbacks and usage limitations.
The aim of the work scale is to gain a good understanding of drilling with Coiled Tubing, its
applications, its advantages as well as its limitations and to make a study to economize the
drilling of CTD and the cleaning conventional.
For this we chose the well drilled in the same area of Krechba deposit fields, the Teg-37 wells
conventionally using the Coiled Tubing unit Drilling.
 ChapterI:
Description of Coiled Tubing
ChapterI: Description of Coiled Tubing
ChapterI: Description of Coiled Tubing 2
I.1.Intruduction :
Coiled tubing involvespushing a pipe withdownholetoolsattached to its end into an oil or
gaswell to carry out workwithoutdisturbing, to complete the existingwell. Althoughthere are
disadvantages, there are advantagesthat have encourageditsdevelopment.

I.2.History of Coiled Tubing :

Knowing a little about the history of coiled tubing can help you to
understandcurrentperceptions. Althoughcoiled tubing has been in use for more than 30 years
in oil and gaswelloperations, itis a “relatively” new type of wellservicingequipment. As
withany new technology, the earlydayshadtheirshare of failures aswell as successes. Many
times, fishingtools and prayerwererequired to get the tubing out of the hole.
Givenpast performances of this type of wellservicing unit, operatorscould not help
havingconcernswhentheyhad to runit in a well. However, times and coiled tubing are
changing. Whenwe look at the injectorsthatwepreviouslyused and the way the
tubing washandled and spooleditbecomesobviousthat changes werenecessary. The following
in thismanualwilldiscusseachpiece of equipment and point out why and how the equipment
has changed to giveus our modern coiled tubing units.

The learningcurve for coiled tubing surface equipmentiswellintoitspeak. The

industryisnowfocusingits attention on tubing strength and tubing life. With the move
towardcoiled tubing drillingthatbegan in the early 1990s, wenow face learning the operational
habits of bigger surface equipment. Withinjectorsthatcanhandle 100,000 pounds,
it’sbecominga whole new game. Not onlyis the surface equipmentchanging, but the
steelcoiled tubing itselfmay one daybereplacedwith tubing made fromfiber composites. [2]

I.3.Definition :
Coil Tubing is a long metal pipe thatisspooledaround a large reel. The tube
iscontinuousinstead of a jointed pipe. It isnormally 1 to 3.25 in (25 to 83 mm) in diameter and
isused for interventions or workoveroperations in wellbores and sometimes as production
tubing in depletedgaswells. The tubing pipe isuncurledbeforeitispushedinto a wellbore .

1
ChapterI: Description of Coiled Tubing

FigureI.1: Coil Tubing unit

I.4. System Overview :

The coiled tubing unit is a portable, hydraulic-powered unit designed to
inject and retrieve the coiled tubing workstringsafelyunder pressure to
performwell maintenance and remedial services. This isaccomplished by a continuouscoil of
pipe that range in sizes of 1, 1 1/4, 1 1/2, 1 3/4, 2, 2 3/8, 2 7/8, and 3 1/2 in. and largerspooled
on a hydraulicallydrivenreel.
The system, adaptable to either land or offshore applications, isdesignedsothat components
canbetaken off the trailer and placed on a barge for water work.

Tubing Size Range

80K/100K CTUs 1.50 to 3.50 inch

60K CTUs 1.25 to 2.375 inch
30K Split Bodyload 1.25 to 1.75 inch
15K Single Bodyload 1.0 to 1.50 inch
Table I.1 : Tubing Size

I.5. Coiled Tubing applications :

I.5.1.Pumping applications :
 Starting a wellwithnitrogen,
 Neutralization of a well,
 Removal of sand or sediments,

2
ChapterI: Description of Coiled Tubing
 Removal ofhydraulicdeposits at high pressure (kerosene, salt ...
etc.),
 Stimulation treatments (production column, matrix treatment by: acid, reformate,
treated water, xylene)
 Hydraulicfracturing,
 Cement squeeze includingothertreatments for zone isolation (withsand, orpolymer),

 Insulation of zones (to controlproduction),

 Cutting of pipes withfluid.

I.5.2. Mechanical applications :

 Installation of mechanicalstoppers,
 Repêchage,
 Perforation,
 Logging,
 Mechanicalremoval of deposits,

 Mechanicalcutting of tubing .

I.5.3. Drilling applications for the unitcoiled tubing :

 Drilling in Balanced or Underbalanceddrilling mode,
 Deepening of vertical wells,
 Re-entry,
 Realisation of a multi-drainswellfrom the original hole.
I.6. Advantages of Coiled Tubing :
Coiled tubing offers the followingadvantages :
 Efficiency .
 Self-Contained unit, requires no rig .
 Saves time and money--do not have to killwell .
 Can continuouslypumpfluidsintowellwhilemoving pipe .
 Land or offshore system designs .
 No workoverrigrequiredwhenusingcoiled tubing .
 Reducedpotential damage to formation .
 Can be and istypicallyused on live wells (no killfluidsintroducedintowell) .
 Act as tool transport medium for deviated and horizontal wells .

3
ChapterI: Description of Coiled Tubing
 Performance .
 Computer prepares to optimize job design .
 Fast .

 Tubing Management.

 Advance data acquisition system to monitor key job parameters on tubing

management .

I.7. Disadvantages of Coiled Tubing :

 Lowtensilestrength.
 Easy to damage because of itsthickness and flexibility.
 High loadlosses.
 Limitation to maximum pressure.
 Limited service life due to bending forces.
 Pressure differentialshould not exceed 1500 psi to prevent collapse of the Coiled
Tubing.
 Risk of corrosion by acidification.
 Shortage of retrievalequipmentthatfitssmallerdiameters, which causes
somedifficultiesduring instrumentation operations.
 If the drill string isstuckduring the ascent, the risk of abandoningitis important,
because of the lowtensilestrength of the tubing and the lack of rotation.

I.8.Capabilities and limitations of coiled tubing :

coiled tubing offersseveral unique advantages and capabilities over
conventionaldrillingmethodsconventionaldrillingmethods. It also has severaldisadvantages
and limitations of use .
I.8.1. Coiled Tubing Capabilities :
 Drillingunder pressure,
 Fastmaneuvering (lowering, raising),
 Continuous circulation during the pipe'sadvance,
 High quality and continuousbilateraltelemetrybetween surface and downhole,
 Ability to penetratethrough slim holes,
 Smaller location size,
 More secureworking area.

4
ChapterI: Description of Coiled Tubing
I.8.2. Limitation of use of coiled tubing :
 No additional rotation,
 Limited draftingcapacity,
 Small diameters,
 Low circulation (in case of smallinnerdiameter of the production case),
 Short pipe life,
 Costcanbe high.

I.9. Characteristics of coiled tubing :

I.9.1. Materials for the manufacture of tubing :
The materialsused to manufacture the Coiled tubing are based on very high performance steel,
are rigorouslycontrolled and have a betterresistance to corrosion and hydrogensulfide.
Virtually all CT in use todaybegins as large coils of low-alloycarbon-steelsheet. The coilscanbe
up to 55 in. wide and weigh over 24 tons. The length of sheet in eachcoildependsupon the
sheetthickness and ranges from 3500 ft for 0.087 in. gauge to 1000 ft for 0.250 in.gauge. The
first step in tube makingis to slice flat stripsfrom the coil of sheetusing a slittingmachine (Figure
I.3). A specialistcompanyusuallyperformsthisoperation and ships the coilsof strip to the CT mill
for furtherprocessing(Figure I.2). The sheet’sthickness sets the CT wallthickness and the
strip’swidthdetermines the OD of the finished CT.
In some cases the gauge of the sheetmaterialistapered over a portion of itslength, as isshown
in(Figure I.4). This variation in thicknessisused by Quality Tubing to produce CTwith a
wallthicknessthat varies alongitslength, known as "True-Taper™".
The CT manufacturer splicesstripswithsimilarpropertiestogetherusingbiaswelds to form
asingle continuousstrip the length of the desired CT string. This stripisstored on an
accumulatorcalled a "Big Wheel",(Figure I.5)Joiningstrips of differentthickness or
usingstripswith acontinuallychangingthicknessyields a tapered string. The CT millforms the
flat stripinto acontinuous tube and welds the edgestogetherwith a continuous longitudinal
seam.

5
ChapterI: Description of Coiled Tubing

Figure I.2: SlittingSteelSheet for StripFigure I.3 : Rolls of SteelStrips

Figure I.4 : True-Taper™Figure I.5 : “Big Wheel” of Flat Strip

I.9.2. Forces applied to Coiled Tubing :

The forces applied to the Coiled Tubing duringits service life are :
 Crushing stresses due to external pressure.
 Bursting stresses due to internal pressure.
 Tensile stresses thatcan cause elongation or rupture of tubing.
 Compressive stresses in deviatedwellsthatcan cause buckling.
 Cyclicbending stresses between the reel and the sprue head.
The combination of all the forces reduces the life span of Coiled Tubing.

I.9.3. The criticaldeformation moment of Tubing during the maneuver :

 At the beginning of the unwinding and winding of the tubing on the
drumwhenitgoesfrom the curved state to the straight state and vice versa.

6
ChapterI: Description of Coiled Tubing
 At the moment of passage on the gooseneckwhen the tubing passes from the straight
state to the curved state and vice versa.
 At the moment of passage from the gooseneck to the injection headwhen the tubing
passes from the curved state to the bending state to the straight state and vice versa.
A fatigue cycle for a Coiled Tubing isdefined as the set of sequences, fromfromunwinding
and rewinding on the drum, to lowering and rewinding on the goose neck. and thisreduces the
tensilestrength by about 5 to 10% of itsyieldstrength. of itselasticitylimit.
The service life of a Coiled Tubing isgenerallyconsidered to bearound 80 cycles,
withouttakingintoaccount the effects of pressure withouttakingintoaccount the effects of
pressure, acidification and weight.
I.10. Conclusion :
In the end itwasdiscoveredthatthere are more benefitsthandisadvantages in usingcoiled tubing
services.

7
 ChapterII:
Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing
II.1.Introduction :
The Coiled tubing is a unit consisting of all the equipmentnecessary for the
continuousexecution of tubing lengthoperations in the field. The unit consists of two main
parts :
 Surface equipment.
 The bottomtools .

FigureII.1 : coiled tubing equipment

1. Coiled tubing
2. Circulation tool
3. Wellhead
4. Production nozzle
5. Production line
6. Manifold outlet
7. Bop
8. Stripper
9. Injector
10. Rectifier
11. Weightindicator
12. Crane
13. Reel
14. Control cabin
15. Power pack
16. Trailer

9
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing
II.2.Surface equipment :
II.2.1Control cabin :
The design of the CT unit control boothmayvaryamongmanufacturers, but normally all
controls are located on a remote console panel. A schematic of a typical CT unit control panel
isshown in Figure II.3 . The console assemblyiscompletewith all the controls and gauges
needed to operate and monitor all the components used and canbeskid-mounted for offshore
use or permanentlymounted as for land-basedunits. The skid-mounted console
canbeplacedwherever the operatorwishes at the well site. The reel and injectormotors are
activatedfrom the control panel by valves thatdetermine the direction of casing movement and
operating speed. Also on the console are the control systemsthatregulate the pressure of the
drive string, stripper assembly and variouswell control components...
The operator must have all the necessarycontrols in front of him to operate, control and
monitor the followingparameters :

 Circulation pressure
 Wellhead pressure
 Casing weight
 Tooldepth
 Operating speed
 Circulation flow rate
 Pumped volume Winch
 Injection head
 BOP
 Stripper

10
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing

FigureII.2 : Simplifiedlayout of a console control panel

FigureII.3 : Control cabin

II.2.2. Power unit :

The hydraulic power required to operate the various components and equipment of the Thehydraulic
power required to operate the various components and surface equipment of the coiled tubing unit
(drum, injection head, BOP, The power unit ( Figure II.4 )isnormallyequippedwith an automatic
emergency stop system in case of significanttemperature and oil pressure variations. The
hydraulicpumpssupply six circuits used to control the variousfunctions of the coiled tubing unit.
functions of the coiled tubing unit whichare :[1]

 the first circuit with a maximum working pressure of 3000 psi issupplied by
twopumps (60 and 30 g/min)pumps (60 and 30 g/mn) and drives the injection head.
 the second circuit with a maximum working pressure of 2000 psi drives the winch
drum.
 The third circuit, with a maximum working pressure of 2,500 psi, drives the devicethat
guides the winding and unwinding of the tubing.
 the fourth circuit is the BOPs circuit whichallows the accumulators to berecharged to a
maximum pressure of 3000 psi.
 The fifth circuit iscomposed of storagecylinderspressurized to 2000 psi which, with
the help of regulators, performs the followingfunctions and organsfunctions and
components by means of the regulators:
 tensioning the innerchain of the injection head at a pressure of 1500 psi.
 the tension of the outerchain of the injection head at a pressure of 400 psi.
 the speed of the injection head at a pressure of 600 psi.
 the forward/reverse rotation of the injection head at a pressure of 600 psi

11
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing
 cab position adjustment at 600 psi.
 Hydraulic winch drumbraking system at 350 psi.
 the coiled tubing synchronization system on the drum at a pressure of 2000 psi.
 The system for adjusting the high or low position of the injector at a pressure
of 600 psi.
 the sixth circuit used to supplyauxiliaryauxiliaryequipment of the coiled tubing unit
.

FigureII.4 : Power unit

II.2.3. Winch drum :

The drumis a devicethatallows the coiled tubing to beunwound, rewound and stored as a
whole.Inorder to reduce the severebending forces that the coiled tubing
undergoesduringitswinding and unwinding, the drum must have a sufficiently large diameter,
thestoragecapacitycanbebetween 5000 - 22000 ft .

12
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing

Figure II.5: Simplifiedlayout FigureII.6 : Winch drum

Showing Winch drum
1. Lubrication system
2. Weightindicator
3. Drive motor
4. Braking system
II.2.4. Injection head :
The injection head( Figure II.7 )is a main component of the coiled tubing unit, used to
operatewith the help oftwohydraulicmotorsthat drive twocontinuouschains on which are
mountedgrippingelementsthat push or pull the coiled tubing into the wellduringoperations.[4]

FigureII.7 : Injection headassembly

Bothhydraulicmotors are driven by the same pressure source to avoid phase shift between the
twothe phase shift between the twochains.
13
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing
The traction capacity of the injection headis a functionof :

 the size of the injection head.

 the working pressure chosen by the operatorfrom the power unit .
 the chosen speed whichisnormallyaround 125 ft /mn (low speed) and 250 ft/mn (high
speed) .
The seizing force isobtained by actuatingthreehydraulic pistons through the inner part of the
twochains of the injection head (Inside tension cylinders). This force must besufficient to
preventslipping and crushing of the tubing. The outer piston
keeps the twochainsunder tension.

The entire injection headismounted ona substructure equippedwith a tubing

weightcellconnected by a hydraulichose to the weightindicator in the operator'scabin.
operator'scabin.
II.2.4.1. Gooseneck :
The role of swan neck, to guide and receive the tubing afteritsunwindingfrom the drum,
connected to the injection headwith a verysophisticatedsystem(Figure II.8 ).
To obtain the desired radius of the gooseneck, a number of bearings are placed in itscurvature
frame with a coiled tubing alignment system.

FigureII.8 : Gooseneck

II.2.4.2. Drive Chains and Tensioners :

The drive system consists of twohydraulicmotorstypicallyconnected and synchronized by a
control system. The direction and speed of rotation of thesemotorsiscontrolled by a 4-position
hydraulic control valve located at the power pack.

14
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing

FigureII.9 : Chains and Tensioners

II.2.4.3. Chain component :

FigureII.10: Chain component

1. Axes de liaison
2. Gripper
3. Chaîne à rouleaux
4. Goupilles fendues
II.2.4.4. Weightindicator :

FigureII.11 : Weightindicator [1]

15
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing
II.2.5. Packer (stripper) :
The stripper ( Figure II.12 )is a sealingelementwhichisinstalledunder the injection headvery
close to the grippingelements of the injection headchain in order to prevent the
coiledtubingfrombucklingduring the operation.
The stripper is the primarybarrierwhen the coiled tubing is in the well, itensures a
perfectsealaround the coiled tubing like the gland in cableoperations.
There are three types of stripper on the market :
 the conventional stripper
 the conventional stripper
 radial stripper
The operating principle of all types of strippers is the same, itconsists of hydraulicallymoving
a piston to directly or indirectlycompress a seal, whichhydraulically move a piston to directly
or indirectlycompress a seal, which in turnsealsaround the coiled tubing.[4]

FigureII.12: stripper

II.2.5.1. The conventional stripper :

In the conventionalstripper ( Figure II.13 ) the hydraulic pressure appliedpushes the piston
upwardswhich in turn moves the lower fur to compress the packeragainst the upper fur.
The pressure at the top of the well tends to keep the stripper closedduring the intervention
operation, which
The wellhead pressure tends to keep the stripper closedduring the intervention operation,
thusreducing the hydraulic pressure in the lowerchamber of the stripper.

16
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing
The twoupper and lowersleeves help guide and center the tubing in the packer. seal. A ring
mountedbetween the uppersleeve and the sealprevents the sealfrombeingforcedbetween the
uppersleeve and the seal. A ring mountedbetween the uppersleeve and the sealprevents the
sealfrombeingforcedbetween the sleeve and the Coiled Tubing.

FigureII.13 : conventional stripper

II.2.5.2. The lateral stripper :

The operating mechanism of the sidedoor stripper ( Figure II.14 )isreversedcompared to the
conventional stripper.
In the sidedoor stripper system, the hydraulic pressure pushes the piston down, which in turn
moves the upper liner, which presses the packeraround the tubing against the lower liner.
The hydraulic pressure applied to the piston must begreaterthanthat of the wellhead and must
bemaintainedduring the entire intervention operation.
The table below shows the characteristics for each type of stripper:

17
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing

FigureII.14 :lateral stripper [4]

II.2.5.3Radial stripper :
The Radial Stripper ( Figue II.15 )is a stripper withjawsdesignedspecifically for Coiled
Tubing stripping. It wasdeveloped to overcome the problemsencounteredduring the use of
conventional strippers (single or double).
The radial stripper has a reducedheight, ease and simplicity of change of elastomerscompared
to the conventional stripper.

FigueII.15 : Radial stripper

II.2.6.BlowoutPrevention System ( BOP ) :

The blowoutprevention system mainlyincludes BOP, blowout box and lubricator. As the well
control equipment of oil and gaswells, the blowoutprevention system functionsmainly in
sealing the pressure in wells and preventingblowout accidents etc. duringfieldoperationswith
the coiled tubing unit.

18
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing

FigureII.16 : BOP [3]

II.2.6.1Quadruple BOP :
This type of standard stackingis the most responsive of the BOPsused in Coiled Tubing, itis a
solid block composed of four rams arranged(Figure II.17 )from top to bottom as follows .

 A blind rams plug: Usedonly to seal on an emptyhole.

 A shear rams plug: used to cutCoiled Tubing / Coiled Tubing withlogging
cableinsidewithoutsealing.
 A slip rams packer: used to suspend the tubing in the wellwithoutsealing.
 A pipe rams plug : used to obtain a positive sealagainst the tubing .

FigureII.17 : Quadruple BOP

19
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing
II.2.6.2. Combinaison BOP :
The BOP COMBINE ( Figure II.18 )is a double shutterwhichfulfils the samefunctions as the
BOP QUAD but withonlytwo rams, itiscomposed of :

 A Blind/Shear rams top plug, used to cut the tubing and seal on an emptywheel.
 A lower pipe/slip rams plug, used for hanging and sealing on the tubing.

Each valve isequippedwith a pressure equalization valve. A kill line inletlocatedbetween the
thetwoobturatorswhichallows to pumpinside the tubing if necessary.

FigureII.18 : Combinaison BOP

II.2.6.3Annular BOP :
The Annular BOP isused more frequently in specialoperations at the Coiled Tubing, for
example the assembly of very long tool strings thatrequire the use of a deployment system.
The main purpose of using an annular stopper in a CoiledTubing stackis to be able to close
stackis to be able to close tightly on differentdiameters of Coiled Tubing and tooling.
Its position in the stackdepends on the nature of the work to bedone. above Quad, below the
deployment system, the ring shuttercanbeused as a back up as a back up for the stripper if
necessary.
The characteristics of the annularshutter must besimilar to those of the clamshellshutterswith
the with the additionalpossibility of closing on an empty ho

20
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing
FigureII.19 : Annular BOP

II.2.6.4Shutters (shear/seal) :
In some countries wheresafetyregulations are very strict, an additionalshear/seal rams (Figure
II.20 ) must beinstalledbetween the production head and the BOP assembly, and isused as a
tertiarybarrier if necessary.
This type of valve requires a large volume of hydraulicfluid, whichiswhy an
independenthydraulic unit (koomey) isrequired. The working pressure of the koomey unit
isusuallybetween 1500 and 3000 psi .

FigureII.20 : Shutters (shear/seal)

II.2.7. Deployment system :

In Coiled Tubing operations, the distance between the production wellhead and the stripper
determines the maximum length of the tool string. If this maximum distance isexceeded,
itbecomesnecessary to use a control barrierwhichcanbe the DHSV or the deployment system.
In general, there are several types of deploymentsystems on the market(Figur II.21/
II.22) which have the same operatingprinciple as the multi-ram BOP .

The stackingcanbecomposed of :
 one shear/seal rams on top and one pipe rams on bottom.
 a tubing /slip rams plug at the top and pipe rams to guide the tubing at the bottom.
The advantage of using the deployment system under the QUAD or the COMBI is to be able
to to assemble the different sections of a relatively long toolpathwhenlowering and to
assemble themwhenraising of a relatively long toolpath in completesafety.[4]

21
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing

Figure II.21 : offshore deployment

FigureII.22 : onshoredeployment

II.3. The bottomtools :

22
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing
It is a set of parts thatconstitutes the main element of coiled tubing (the train or the probe of
coiled tubing).
The coiled tubing train isvalid for the differentcoiled tubing operations, such as cleaning, re-
drilling, stimulation, acidification ... etc, attached to the end of tubing. The main elements are:

II.3.1. Fitting (connector) :

Coiled Tubing fittings( Figure II.23 ) are used to couple variousdownholetools to the end of
the Coiled Tubing. There is a widevariety of fitting types and sizes on the market. There are
three types of fittingsused for coiled tubing:
Bite fittings, screw/holefittings and internalfittings.

FigureII.23 : types des connecteurs

II.3.2. Check valve :

The probability of reverse circulation withCoiled Tubing isverylow, so the use of check
valves in the the use of check valves ( Figure II.23 ) in the Coiled Tubing train
becomesnecessary .
Generally the check valve isplaced at the top of the BHA, immediatelybelow the load bars.
Check valves canbeball or flap valves and are considered the primarybarrierduring the
intervention at the Coiled Tubing.
If the check valve fails, the Coiled Tubing must bereassembledwith circulation to
preventwellfluidfrom passing into the Coiled Tubing.

23
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing

Figure II.24 : check valve

II.3.3. Hydraulicdisconnector :
Hydraulicdisconnector( Figure II.24 )is a shearloweredwith the tool train to release the
Coiled tubing in case of jamming, the principle of use of the Boss is to pump a ballinside the
Coiled tubing and continue to rise in pressure untilshearing the pins of the disconnectors and
release the Coiled Tubing.[4]

FigureII.25 : disconnector

II.3.4. Centerers :
The centeringdevices are securelymounted in the coiled tubing tool set to keep the tools or the
thetools or the tip awayfrom the walls of the tubing material.

 Elasticbladecenteringdevice :

24
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing
Elasticbladecentering machines usually have three flexible curvedblades. The elasticity of the
bladesallows for effective centeringwithin a certain range of insidediameter.
 Rigidcenteringdevice :
Rigidcenteringdevicesusually have three or four fins mounted on a central sleeve. sleeve. The
outsidediameter of these fins isslightlysmallerthan the smallestinsidediameterencountered in
the diametersencountered in the packing throughwhichitis to belowered.

FigureII.26 : Centerers

II.3.5. The load bars :

Used to increase the train size (length), and center the assembly in the empty area
betweenpacker and betweenpacker and liner.
II.3.6. Patella :
The ball-and-socket joint ( Figure II.26)minimizes the effects of coiled tubing bends and
gives the BHA the flexibility to centralizeheavy components.

25
ChapterII: Operating principle of the Coiled Tubing

FigureII.27:Patella
II.3.7. The tool :
There are several types of tools(Figure II.27 )used, depending on the operationwemake the
choice (of tool). The cuttingtool, the cleaningtool, and fishing ... etc.[4]

FigureII.28 : differenttools

II.4. Conclusion :
We note that the coiled tubing group consists of manyequipment on the surface as well as the
bottom, whichmakesit more advantageous, coordinated and efficient than the rest of the
groups, and thishelps the drillingprocess and gives a distinctive result.

26
ChapterIII: case study
III.1INTRODUCTION :
Teg-37 was drilled and completed by KCAD T220 on 10th November 2012, The well was put
on production on the 5th April 2013, and after 15 days flowing the well started to be loaded
with production fluid ( heavy fluid) and caused the dead of the well , The static Gradient
surveys analysis indicated that the top of this heavy fluid is at 2500 m, and this fluid has a
pressure gradient of 0.4 psi/ft, above this fluid we have a dry gas with SG = 0.628 and 9.2
mol % CO2.

The 4-1/2” Slotted liner is this well is not is installed properly deep in the well and is
suspended completely inside the 7” Casing, as you can see below Schematic, This was due to
a problems encountered during the completion of the well.

Mud losses were observed during the drilling of the 6” Hole, Estimated quantity of OBM lost
is as below.

A fish was left inside the 4-1/2” Slotted line during the completion of the well, dimensions of
the fish are mentioned below .

III.2. Objectives :
Teg‐37isbeingdrilledtobecompletedasverticalgaswelllocatedintheInSalahfield.Acleanup
operation is planned to be performed on this well, therefor JV‐Gas has requested
fromHalliburtontounloadthewell.

ThewellisnewdrilledGaswellandwasputonproductiononthe5thApril2013,Butjustafter15
days the well started to be loaded with production fluid (heavy fluid) and caused the
deadof the well , The static gradient surveys analysis indicated that the top of this heavy
fluid is at2500 m, and this fluid has a pressure gradient of 0.4 psi/ft, above this fluid we
have a dry gaswithSG= 0.628.

Thisproposaldescribestheprocedure,materialandequipmentrequiredtoperformthisjob.
To kickoff the well with N2 and flow it until it is clean from hydrocarbon liquid using
Schlumberger Well Test Unit and HES Coiled tubing unit, The aim of the displacement is to
recover all liquids from the well and draw the well to lowest possible FWHP and get
measurement of the Condensate Gas Ratio (CGR) in the end of the clean up, All clean up
fluids will be taken to the flare pit and burned / evaporated .

28
ChapterIII: case study
III.3. Program Overview :
RU with Slick-line and drift tubing and Tag HUD with appropriate drift size, use 3.35” fluted
drift (1-3/4” CT will be used), then rigged down with Slick line, RU with Schlumberger Well
Test equipments and Pressure test surface equipment, Coiled Tubing will then be rigged up
and run in hole, and the well will be unloaded using N2. The aim is to run the coil to inflow
the well and clean up. After the well observed flowing continuously in the flare pit, pull out of
the hole while circulating at low N2 flow rate to surface, continue flowing the well until
confirming the well is cleaned up from liquids.

III.4. Presentation of the krechbafield :

III.4.1INTRODUCTION :
The Krechba deposit is located in the northern part of the In Salah region(figureIII.1). The

deposit was discovered in 1957 by drilling KB1 which returnedcountered the Tournaisian
Carboniferous and Siegenian – Gedinnian reservoirs of theLesser Devonian at a depth of
1,700 to 3,350 meters. The different drilled wells produced gas flows in all three
reservoirs.1This deposit constitutes, with those of Teg and Reg and, further south, those of
theIn Salah region (HassiMoumen, Garet el Befinat, Gour Mahmoud and the struc-ture of In
Salah), a large gas complex operated as part of the tionSonatrach – BP – Stat Oil. After
treatment, the gas produced is transported to HassiR’mel located 450 km north of Krechba

( FigureIII.2 ). [5]

Figure III.1: Situation map of the Krechba deposit.

29
ChapterIII: case study
III.4.2.structurally of Geology :

The Krechba deposit appears to be a large anticlinal structureclosed, structurally simple. The
current architecture of the Krechba was modeled at the end of the Carboniferous during the
"Hercynian orogeny born ". This is an anticline that developed as a result of cutbacks deep in
the base. These were accompanied by a network of north-south faults intersecting, to the west
of the deposit, the formations of the Ordovician and the Silurian.

Figure III.2: Location of Project Area

The location of the paleovalley, in which the sandstones of the Tournaisien were deposited,
was influenced very presumably by these flaws. The structure of Krechba underwent post-her-
cynians. The structural map of the Krechba deposit has was established on the basis of the
interpretation of the seismic 3D carried out in 1998, the three reservoir horizons having then
been mapped in detail. The interpretation shows an elongated submeridian NNO-SSE

30
ChapterIII: case study
anticline with fer-metures with steep sides (FigureIII.3). Figure 2.51 shows the stratigraphic
column as well as the nomenclature adopted in the series.

III.4.3.The Carboniferous:
Carboniferous sandstones, deposited in an environmentofpaleovallée, are located at a depth of
1,700 m. These sandstones are well developed (up to 24 m thicktotal) over a large part of the
deposit, but are absent in parts of western and southern field. The Carboniferous sandstones
are of good quality, with porosities up to 22% and permeabilities up to 200 mD. The body of
water at the level of Carboniferous is at the level of –1 330 mss, which gives a closed area of
130 km2. This body of water was confirmed by pressure measurements and recorded tests.

III.4.4.The Devonian :
The Devonian reservoirs are located at a depth between 2850 and 3350 m; they come under
the form of alternating sandstone levels separated byc lay levels. These sandstones are of
"little marinedeep ”to“ marginal sailor ”. Gedinnian sandstones (D30 to D10) have a
significant lateral extension and are of medium quality, with porosities up to 15% and
permeabilities reaching 150 mD. The sandstone from the Siegenien (D40) are of poorer
quality does diagenesis; porosities are generallyless than 10%. In the Devonian levels
(D40,D30 and D20), the trapping mechanism is complex.The area of the roof closure of the
D40 is 100 km2 with a structural closure of 65 m. However, for the two tanks D40 and D30-
20, the gas columninterpreted from the logs exceeds the height of the structural closure. For
D40, the trapping mechanism is probably mixed, structural or stratigraphic / diagenetic. Gas /
water contact has been confirmed at -2,420 mss by tests and pressure measurements. [6]

III.4.5. Well testing and reservoir fluids :

The results of the tests carried out on the Carboniferous and Lower Devonian look like this:

 Tank C10.2
 The DSTs of existing wells, despite their short lifetimes, show variation in
productivity from one well to another. This variation in flow rate is a function of
reservoir qualities and is an indicator of its heterogeneity. [7]

31
ChapterIII: case study

Figure III.3 : Structure of the Krechba deposit.

The results indicate maximum production in wells not damaged, which varies from 300,000
m3 / d on the sides to 700,000 m3 / d in the center of the structure. Analysis of the fluids
collected indicates a variation in the gas composition, with a maximum condensate content of
11.2 m3 / million m3 obtained on the KB-9z well. The maximum condensate flow obtained
has summer of 1.4 m3 / d.

D30 tank The test results show a variation in the production rate. TheFlow rates obtained
from the wells in the north of the field were greater.

Some wells provided appreciable flows. The flow variation is directly linked to the qualities
of thereservoir and indicates its heterogeneity. The production of water observed during
certain tests confirms the complexity of the body of water in this reservoir. We will note other
share the high concentration of CO2 (9%) obtained on the effluent of the KB10 well.

32
 ChapterIII: case study

FigureIII.4 : Stratigraphic column

III.4.6. Well Data: [7]

Production Rate: 50 mmscfd @ 56 barg (During last clean up)

Max Deviation: Vertical Well.

Min ID: 3.725” RN Nipple @ 2592.5 m MDbrt

Last DownholeOps:Drift HUD and performed SBHPS (Static bottom hole pressure surveys)On
27-April-2013, Tagged HUD at 2757m(WL)

Target Reservoir: D40 Lower sand

kh 4229 md-ft

Reservoir pressure from initial build up1987 psi at 2969 mtvd

33
ChapterIII: case study
Estimated Mud losses 946 bbl of OBM (during drilling 6” Hole)

 Fish dimensions: The fish was left during running the 4-1/2” Liner, and was tagged
during Slick line job with 3.35” fluted drift at 2757 m (WL).Lost tools string composed
by.

 Flapper Valve shifting tools (0.67 m)

 2-7/8” EU Pin / Pin XO (0.27 m)
 No-Go Sub (0.35 m)
 2-7/8" string shoe (3 m)

III.5. Service Companies Responsibilities :

III.5.1. Responsibilities of Schlumberger Well Test crew :
 Function test methanol injection pumps at the choke manifold prior to start of test.

 Tie cable/clamps will be used in all upstream lines. Swamp weight shall be used on the
flare lines.

 Ensure that gas detection equipments will be on site, and functioning.

 Function test the ESD, from all shut down points check the set pilots low and high

 All pressure testing will be with appropriate permits, and test area barricaded

 The material safety data sheets for all chemicals stored on-site during testing
operations will be made available.

 Thickness testing of the flow lines should be conducted every 1-2 hrs, during the clean
up Periods, If significant amounts of solids are lifted, then the thickness measurements of
the pipes should be more frequent (less then 1 - 2 hours), paying particular attention when
there is an increase in flow rate and when the slotted liner is being jet blasted

 Withdraw all hot work permits before start of the test.

34
ChapterIII: case study
III.5.2. Responsibilities of Halliburton Coiled tubing crew
 If only one stripper is supplied with the CT spread there must be two pipe rams. This is
to comply with two barrier policy. If two strippers are used then the upper stripper is
the one which should be used when carrying out the CT operation. When shear seals
are employed all connections to the tree or wellhead must be flanged and double valve
isolated, thereby excluding elastomers from connections beneath these BOP’s. Ref: BP
DWOP (BPA-D-001- Section 23. Coiled Tubing Operations).

 BOP must be flanged to X-mass tree.

 Confirm crane is capable to lift the injector head

35
ChapterIII: case study
III.6.TECHNICALINFOANDWELLBORESCHEMATIC :
III.6.1.CustomerWellboreschematic :
Table III.1 :completionSchematic
FINALCOMPLETIONSCHEMATIC FIELD:TEGUENTOURINE WELLNUMBER:Teg-37

WELLDATA CASINGDATA
WellType: 7x5"Prod Endofstring: 2603m OriginalRTE: 9.15 Size(in.) Weight Grade Thread MD(m) TVD(m)

OriginalDrillingRig: KCADT220 AnnulusFluid: NaClBrine NewRTE: N/A 30 310ppf X56 Welded 5 5

NewDrillingRig: N/A AnnulusFluidWt: 1.03 MinimumstringID: 3.502in. 18⅝ 87.5&100.5ppf K55 Buttress 77 77
FirstCompleted: 10-Nov-12 CompletionFluid: NaClBrine WellTD: 2999mDDbrt 13⅜ 68ppf K55 Buttress 908 908
WorkoverNumber: N/A CompletionFluidWt: 1.03 MaxDLS(°/30m): 0.9 10¾(w/ 9⅝) 55.5ppf L80 VamTop 91 91
WorkoverDate: N/A 9⅝ 47ppf L80 VamTop 1865 1865

WELLHEADDATA LINERDATA
SUPPLIER TYPE RATING TOPCONNECTION Size(in.) Weight Grade Thread MD(mDD) TVD(m)

XMASTREE CAP Cameron 6.3/8"FLS 5M 9.1/2"OTIS Quick Union 7"Liner 1794 29ppf L80 VamTop 2868 2868
XMASTREE Cameron 6.3/8"FLS 5M 71/16"APIStudded 4½"SlottedLiner 2600.8 12.6ppf L80 VamTop 2793.8 2794
2STAGEWELLHEAD Cameron SSMC 5M 135/8"Flangelock
TUBINGHANGER Cameron 135/8" 5M

ADDITIONALCOMPLETIONINFORMATION RESERVOIRZONES: T(ºC) P(psia)

KCADRTE tohangoffpoint(m): 9.39 PACKER:
0.47 TopofPackertomidelement(mBRT): 0.90 D40 2937.5mDDbrt 2937.5mDDbrt 144°C 2195Psia

MHPPackermidelement(mBRT): 2557.43
Nearest7"Casingcouplings(mBRT): 2572.5

COMMENTS/ NOTES: Gapfrom7"x5" Crossoverto9-5/8"x 7"TOL 21.3

X-masTree:S/N:112183945004P/N:2205085-01
AGV: S/N:112184092-004P/N:2230971-01
Gapfromendofproductionstringtothe topoflinerPBR 3.90 CONTROLLINES:
Maximuminclinationbeforebottomnipple 0º TRSV:1/4"InconelEncapsulatedControllinewith1/4"Swadgelokfittings.
Endofstring including calculated stretch (m): 6x CannonstandardcableclampsusedbetweenTRSVand Hanger.(SAP:372272)
1xCannonSpecialcableclampaboveTRSV.(SAP:477984)

WELL SCHEMATIC ITEMN LENGTH TOPITEM(mB ID OD MODULE/No. Volume

DESCRIPTION THREAD SUPPLIER
UMBER (m) RT) (inches) (inches) Joints (bbl)

CorrectionforRTE (Workover only) 0.0

TubingHangerbelowHOP

TbgHanger
VamTop Cameron 0.0
1 Partnumber:2180000-04-02 0.250 8.92 6.276 14.080 B
Serialnumber:HM6000

VamTop
2 7"PupJoint,26ppf,13CrL80 1.589 9.17 6.276 7.677 PxP
Cameron 0.2

VamTop
3 7"Tubing, 26ppf,13CrL80 12.029 10.76 6.276 7.677 BxP 1 ISG 1.7

VamTop
4 7"PupJoint,26ppf,13CrL80 1.724 22.79 6.276 7.677 BxP 1 ISG 2.0

VamTop
5 7"PupJoint,26ppf,13CrL80 3.096 24.51 6.276 7.677 BxP 1 ISG 2.3

VamTop ISG 6.9

6 7"Tubing, 26ppf,13CrL80 36.102 27.61 6.276 7.677 BxP 3

VamTop
7 7"PupJoint,26ppf,13CrL80 3.100 63.71 6.288 7.587 BxP
ISG 7.3

7"FlowCoupling,13Cr,L8026ppf. VamTop
8 Part number : 1.780 66.81 6.221 7.603 Halliburton 7.5
BxP
428758SerialNumber:1912
443-3

ISG-310
TRSV,SPValve,7",SelfEqualizing,13CRWith5.963"'RPT'In
ternalLockProfile VamTop
9 3.283 68.59 5.963 9.231 Halliburton 7.9
Part number: 101412309 BxP
SerialNumber: 1937674-1

7"FlowCoupling,13Cr,L8026ppf.
VamTop Halliburton 8.1
10 Partnumber:428865Seri 1.782 71.87 6.258 7.606 BxP
alNumber: 1855564

VamTop
11 7"PupJoint,26ppf,13CrL80 1.939 73.66 6.289 7.579 BxP
ISG 8.3

VamTop
12 7"Tubing, 26ppf,13CrL80 1697.097 75.59 6.276 7.677 132 ISG 221.4
BxP

7" Vam Top

13 X-over,7"26ppfx5"15ppf,13CrL80 0.512 1772.69 4.408 7.677 Bx 1 ISG 221.4
5"VamTopP

14 5"Tubing, 15ppf,13CrL80 779.660 1773.20 4.276 5.577 5"18#VTBxP 65 ISG 266.8

VamTop
15 5"PupJoint,15ppf,13CrL80 2.930 2552.86 4.423 5.481 BxP
ISG 267.0

Ratchet-
LatchLocatorSSR(RotaretoReleaseLatch) Halliburton 267.0
16 0.740 2555.79 3.956 5.484 VamTopB
Part number:142137
SerialNumber: 2340702-08
ISG-300
7"23-32#MHRPacker,13Cr
NewVAMB, Halliburton 267.1
17 Part 1.815 2556.53 3.930 5.857 5"18ppf
Number:101481488SerialNu
mber:2340702-08

ReducingAdapter,5"18ppfNewVamx5"15ppfVam
Top,13Cr NewVAM5"Px5" Halliburton 267.1
18 0.155 2558.35 4.273 5.018 VamTopP
PartNumber:141837
SerialNumber:2278088

VamTop
19 5"PupJoint,15ppf,13CrL80 1.869 2558.50 4.472 5.483 BxP
ISG 267.3

VamTop ISG 268.0

20 5"Tubing, 15ppf,13CrL80 11.969 2560.37 4.408 5.470 BxP
1.0

VamTop
21 5"PupJoint,15ppf,13CrL80 2.985 2572.34 4.380 5.448 BxP
ISG 268.2
ISG-306

3.813"'R'LandingNipple
VamTop Halliburton 268.2
22 Partnumber:137354Seria 0.400 2575.33 3.813 5.525 BxP
lNumber:2297261

VamTop
23 5"PupJoint,15ppf,13CrL80 1.914 2575.73 4.439 5.457 BxP
ISG 268.3

VamTop
24 5"Tubing,15.0ppf,13CrL80,R3 11.979 2577.64 4.408 5.470 BxP 1.0 ISG 269.1

VamTop
25 5"PupJoint,15ppf,13CrL80 2.925 2589.62 4.397 5.468 BxP
ISG 269.2
ISG-307

3.813"'RN' LandingNipple VamTop

26 PartNumber:137319SerialNu 0.415 2592.54 3.725 5.525 Halliburton 269.3
BxP
mber:2297262-07

VamTop ISG 269.4

27 5"PupJoint,15ppf,13CrL80 2.044 2592.96 4.398 5.459 BxP

VamTop ISG 269.9

28 5"Tubing,15.0ppf,13CrL80,R3,c/w1/2muleshoe 8.000 2595.00 4.408 5.000 BxP
1.0

BottomofString 2603.00

29 PolishedBoreReceptacle7"x5"20-35#PBR 3.450 2600.80 5.710 5.775 Weatherford 0.4

30 LinerTopPacker-CTSP4R7"x5"29-32# 1.590 2604.25 5.870 5.920 VamTopP Weatherford 0.5

31 SeatStem 0.980 2605.84 5.220 5.930 VamTop BxP Weatherford 0.6

32 PolishedBoreReceptacle7"x5"20-35#PBR 5.000 2606.90 3.958 4.937 Weatherford 0.2

33 LinerTopPacker-CTSP4R7"x5"29-32# 1.080 2611.90 4.330 5.910 VamTopP Weatherford 0.3

34 HydraulicNonRotatingLinerHanger Assy.CTH 1.610 2612.98 4.330 5.910 VamTop BxP Weatherford 0.4

VamTop
35 5"Tubing,15.0ppf,13CrL80,R3 13.022 2614.59 4.408 5.470 BxP 1.0 ISG 1.2

5" Vam Top B

36 5"x-overpupjoint,15ppf,L80 2.940 2627.61 4.408 5.470 ISG 1.4
x5"NewVamP
FV-1

FlapperValve(KOIV),L-80,13Cr 5" Vam

37 Part number: 812EGF7505-F / 0.830 2630.55 3.502 4.937 Halliburton 1.4
TopBx41/2"Vam
101755785SerialNumber:
Top P

38 4.5"x-overjoint,12.6ppf,L80 1.950 2631.38 3.958 4.960 VamTop BxP ISG 1.5

4.5"slottedliner,12.6ppf,L80
39 160.500 2633.33 3.958 4.960 VamTop BxP ISG 9.5
Note:4.5"Stinger Packoffat3014m.ID1.50".

BottomofStringc/wGuideShoe 2793.83

Initial:
OzgurOzbay26/10/2012Updated:Ju
deEronmwon05/11/201

36
ChapterIII: case study
III.6.2SuspensionSchematic
Rig Name:KCAD Teg-37
T220RTE:9.15m
RTEtohangoffpoint: 9.39
SuspensionSchematicFina

Note:AlldepthsreferencedtoKC
D220RTE=9.15mAGL

WellData:

Hole Size Depth(mDDbrt)

24" 77
17-1/2" 910
12¼" 1868
8½" 2874
6" 2999

Casing Depth(mDDbrt)
30" 5.0
18⅝" 76.8
13⅜" 908.0
10¾"x9⅝"CrossOver 91.0
9⅝" 1865.0
7"LinerPBR Top 1794.0
7"LinerShoe 2868.0
4½"SlottedLiner PBR Top 2606.9
4½"SlottedLiner Shoe 2793.8

Completion Summary: Depth(mDDbrt)

7"TRSV 68.6
"5.963"'RPT'ProfileonTRSV 68.6
X-over 7"x5" 1772.7
RatchetLatch-RotateType 2555.8
7"MHRPacker 2556.5
3.813"R Nipple 2575.3
3.813"RNNipple 2592.5
Bottomof5"Tubing 2603.0

Reservoir Isolation
FlapperValve 2630.6

SuspensionDetails:

TRSVclosed
BPVset in tubinghanger

ReservoirSections

LowerD40 Top 2937.5mDDbrt

Reservoirconditionsattopofreservoir

D40
Pressure 2317PsiaTBC
Temperature 144°C

Initial: OzgurOzbay
26/10/2012Updated:JudeEronmwon0
5/11/2012

37
ChapterIII: case study
FigureIII.5 : Teg-37SuspensionSchematic-Final

38
ChapterIII: case study
III.7. JOBPARAMETERS :

III.7.1.Wellbore Teg-37 :

Tubing1 0ft to 5,816ft 7" X 26 PP X 6.276"ID

F
Tubing2 5,816ft to 8,553ft 5" X 15 PP X 4.408"ID
F
Casing 0ft to 6,119ft 9-5/8" X 47 PP X 8.681"ID
F
Liner 8,553ft to 9,840ft 41/2" X 12.6 PP X 3.958"ID
F
Packer 8,388ft

III.7.2.Reservoir :
EstimatedReservoirPressure(D40)
2,19
5 psiEstimatedReservoirTemperature(D40)
291
Deg.F.FracGradient,(Estimated)
0.75
psi/ft

FracPressureatMidofLiner 7,219
psiHydrostaticPressureoffluidinwell(0.41psi 346
psiMaximumWellheadPressure Basedonthe
fluidinthewell

MaximumCoiledTubingPressure 5,000psiEquipementLimitation

III.7.3 Fluids :
FreshWater 1,389gals

Nitrogen 7m3

FreshWater requiredfortheoperationwillbesuppliedbyclient

39
ChapterIII: case study
III.7.4 EquipmentRequired :
1ea. 1-1/2" x 0.109" Wall Thickness, QT - 900
Coiled Tubing Unit1ea. ClamMixingUnitwithHT-
400Pump

1ea. Nitrogen Pumping Unit with 10 m3

N2 storage tank1ea. 26m3Nitrogentransport

III.7.5.BHA :
1ea ServiceConnector

1ea DoubleFlapperCheckValve

1ea HydraulicDisconnect

1ea KnuckleJoint

1ea 1MeterStraitJoint

1ea WashNozzle

40
ChapterIII: case study

III.8. JOBPROCEDURE :

Table III.2 : job procedures Represents

Teg-37:WellUnloading
StageV Stage StageN Total
Stage olume( Fluid StagesDescription Clean 2 Clean Stage Job
No. bbl) Volume Volume Rate Time Time
(gals) (liters) (bpm) (min) (min)
1 Conductsafetymeeting,ensureinvolvedpeopleandcompanymanarepresent. 15min 15min
Rig up CT , pumping & N2 units, Rig up surface lines to CT Function test BOP. (See
2 100min 115min
Note#5below).
3 25 FreshWater FillcoiledtubingandsurfacelineswithFreshWaterforpressuretesting. 1,039 1.20 21min 136min
4 Nitrogen CooldownNitrogenunit. 1,000 136min
Pressure test CT against swab valve and N2 pumping lines separately to 500/4000psi for
5 2 FreshWater 5/10mnrespectively. 100 45min 181min
6 6 FreshWater OpenSwabvalve,Openwingvalveandcirculatetoseefluidreturns 250 1.20 5min 186min
7 Nitrogen UseN2toDisplaceFreshWaterfromCTtotheflarepit 600 20min 206min
Open well (make sure TRSSV is open) and start RIH at 20 fpm until pass the TRSV (68.6
8 11min 217min
m/225 ft).
ContinuRIHto2,300m@65fpm,saferunningspeedwithoutpumpingN2.Performcheck
9 116min 333min
weightevery2,000ft.
10 Nitrogen ContinuRIHto2,745m@30fpmwhilepumpingN2at20l/mn 973 49min 382min
11 Nitrogen StopCT at2,745m,Pump0.5m3ofliquidNitrogenathighrate(40-60lpm) 500 10min 392min
Slowdownnitrogenratetothe20-
12 25lpm,makesureallthefluidabovethisdepthhasbeendisplaced,untillonlyN 40min 432min
Nitrogen 800
2observedonsurface.
ContinuepumpingNitrogenat20-25lpm,untilwellstartstoflowandcansustaintheproduction
13 Nitrogen 1,000 33min 465min
onitsown.Adjustnitrogenrateifneeded.
14 Nitrogen POOHtosurface,whilemaintainingN2circulationatminimumrate15lpmifneeded. 1,350 90min 555min
15 Close the swap valve,secure the wellandrigdownInjector. 60min 615min
16 Leavethewellflowingforcleanup. 615min
Totals 33.1bbl 1,389 6,223 10.2hrs
Note
1) Thewellneedstobeequippedwithaflarelineandanadjustablechokerunningasafedistancefromthewell.
2) Theaboveisaguideline.Adjustrates&volumesasneededtosuitethejobrequirement.
3) Attempt tostabilizeN2rateandCTspeedtounloadthewell fluidat 500scf/bbl
4) Thechokeshouldbeproperlyadjustedtomaintainbackpressureinthewellandavoidexcessivedrawdown
5) Plantoperformofflinethefollowingtest:piggingCT,pressuretestsofblindandpiperams.

41
ChapterIII:

III.9. Procedure :
1. Conductsafetymeeting,ensureinvolvedpeopleandcompanymanarepresent.
2. RigupCT,pumping&N2units,RigupsurfacelinestoCTFunctiontestBOP.(SeeNote#5bel
ow).
3. FillcoiledtubingandsurfacelineswithFreshWaterforpressuretesting.
4. CooldownNitrogenunit
5. PressuretestCTagainstswabvalveandN2pumpinglinesseparatelyto500/4000psifor5/1
0mnrespectively.
6. OpenSwabvalve,Openwingvalveandcirculatetoseefluidreturns
7. UseN2toDisplaceFreshWaterfromCTtotheflarepit
8. Openwell(makesureTRSSVisopen)andstartRIHat20fpmuntilpasstheTRSV(68.6m/22
5ft).
9. Continu RIH to 2,300 m @ 65 fpm, safe running speed with out pumping N2.
Perform check weight every2,000ft.
10. ContinuRIHto2,745m@30fpmwhilepumpingN2at20l/mn
11. StopCTat2,745m,Pump0.5m3ofliquidNitrogenathighrate(40‐60lpm)
12. Slowdownnitrogenratetothe20‐25lpm,makesureallthefluidabovethisdepthhasbeendis
placed,untillonly N2observedonsurface.
13. ContinuepumpingNitrogenat20‐25lpm,untilwellstartstoflowandcansustaintheproduc
tiononitsown.Adjustnitrogenrateifneeded
14. POOHtosurface,whilemaintainingN2circulationatminimumrate15lpmifneeded.
15. Closetheswapvalve,securethewellandrigdownInjector.
16. Leavethewellflowingforcleanup.

III.9.1 Note:
1‐Thewellneedstobeequippedwithaflarelineandanadjustablechokerunningas
afedistancefromthewell.
2‐Theaboveisaguideline.Adjustrates&volumesasneededtosuitethejobrequire
ment.3‐AttempttostabilizeN2rateandCTspeedtounloadthewellfluidat500scf/
bbl .
4‐Thechokeshouldbeproperlyadjustedtomaintainbackpressureinthewellanda
voidexcessivedrawdown .

42
ChapterIII:
III.10. CTBOTTOMHOLEASSEMBLY:

Figure III.6:Standard wash BHA shematic

Note:AlllengthsandODsneedtobecheckedandnotedbeforerunningtheBHA.

43
ChapterIII: case study
III.11.RIGLAYOUT :

Figure III.7 :RigLayoutRepresents

44
ChapterIII: case study
III.12.STACKUPDIAGRAM :

InjectorHead

15K41/16DualStuffingBox

Figure III .8 :STACKUPDIAGRAM 41/16"QUADBOP's

X-OVER71/16"5KX4-1/16"5K

45

VariableChoke/FlareLine
ChapterIII: case study
III.13. Slick Line and Clean Up Operations step by step :

III.13.1.Day 1: Slick Line WORK :

Drifting To Total Depth (HUD) :

 With the well shut-in at the choke and manual wing valve, make up a 3.3 “ sized tubing
drift/gauge (1-3/4” CT will be used in N2 lift), and attach to the wire line tool string.
 Connect the lubricator, and pressure test.
 Open the UMV. Slowly open the Swab Valve (SV) to expose the lubricator assembly
to full well pressure. Note the shut-in tubing pressure.
 When 5 m below DHSV POOH slowly to confirm DHSV is open. If hanging up stop
and evaluate. Cont to RIH to establish HUD. POOH
 Take note of any restrictions or over pulls encountered while making the drift run in
the well.
 Close UMV and SV on Xmas Tree, bleed-off pressure, break lubricator and remove the
drift tool, Inflow test / tree valves and grease if needed.

III.13.2.Day 2 :RU of Schlumberger Test Equipment :

Well Test Equipment Rig-up :

 Obtain a work permit prior to commence the job.

 Prior to any operations hold a safety meeting with all personnel involved, and ensure
that all safety signs are in position and well test area is enclosed by barrier tape.

 Ensure the manual production wing valve, UMV and LMV is locked in the closed
position.

 Rig up the Schlumberger ESD to hydraulic WSSV.

 Rig up Schlumberger surface test equipment to Schlumberger ESD and out to the flare
pit.

 Ensure to avoid 90 degrees elbows in the rig-up as much as possible to avoid

unnecessary erosion. It is particularly important not to have an elbow on the outlet of

46
ChapterIII: case study
the choke manifold The flare line should be chocked up so it can be screwed straight
onto this outlet.
 All lines to choke manifold tested to 3500 psi. And all lines down stream the manifold
must be tested to 1200 psi .And the area must be cleared when that pressure test is
ongoing.
 Ensure that there are no intrusive probes in any of the upstream or downstream lines
(thermo wells, etc) especially during the clean-up period. Rocks can damage these
probes and cause leaks if not sealed in. Any intended in-line probes in the lines must
only be inserted after the well has been cleaned up, Risk Assessed, and ensured to
have a positive and rated pressure seal (needle valve, gauge, etc).

PRESSURE TEST EQUIPMENT :

 Move in rig up Schlumberger pump unit

 Get 2 radios to communicate between pump operators and well test chief operator.

 Barrier off area.

 Discuss test procedure with pump operator and all the other personnel involved
highlighting risks.

 Make sure all valves to flare are open before flushing lines.

 Start flushing lines at pumping rate of 1.5 bbl/min with centrifuge pump. Once clear
returns are observed at flare line end, stop pumping.

 Install 6” 206 Test plug on flare line with valve on test plug open.

 Flush again lines at low pumping rate with centrifugal pump.

 Stop flushing and isolate flare line (close valve on test plug).

 From SLB Unit apply 300/1200 for 5/10 min. ( Record all pressure test on chard
recorder)

 Close downstream valves on choke manifold.

 Bleed off at the 6” test plug at flare end and remove plug.

 Confirm to pump operator that the pug has been removed.

 Apply 300/3500 for 5/10 min against downstream valves on choke manifold.
 Close upstream valves on choke manifold.
 Open downstream valves.

47
ChapterIII: case study
 Apply 300/3500 for 5/10 min against upstream valves on choke manifold.
 If the pressure test passes, bleed off pressure from surface lines and secure the well
area before leave the well.

III.13.3.Day 3: Coiled tubing Rig Up and Unloading the Well:

Check weather forecast for the well location for the time period when hydrocarbons will
be first produced to surface. If acceptable weather conditions are anticipated for the
beginning of the test, proceed with the test programme. Unacceptable conditions are
high winds particularly ones blowing toward rig, blowing sand, and low visibility.

 Ensure to have a valid flaring permit in place before commencing the job, Inform the
OLC and the military prior to start the flare.
 Carry out gas check prior to moving CT unit to the well.
 Confirm tree valve status.
 Spot and rig up the CT unit and associated equipment as per HES’s standard
operating procedures and JVGAS regulations.
 Prepare N2 equipment.
 M/U BOP and CT nozzle ( CT tools string composed by, Roll on Connector 1.75”,
Bomb Sub 2”, Dual Flapper check valve 1.7” , Hydraulic disconnect 1.81”, Straight
bar 1.69”, Wash Nozzle 2 ” ).
 Ensure hydraulic disconnect will work if needed to release CTand also use an
appropriate bull size.
 P/T to 500/4000psi for 5/10 minutes for CT PCE and surface lines..
 Open TRSSSV using Enerpac hand pump. Keep it open at 300 to 320 bars.
 Open Swab valve and UMV. Record WHP.
Ensure that the TRSSV is kept open all the time when CT is down hole..

 Start RIH. Take extra care when running through X-mas tree valves and TRSSSV.
Once through TRSSSV come on line with N2 at minimum rate. Get weight. checks
every 500 m while RIH
 Open the well at choke manifold on adjustable choke (128/64”) to flare pit.
 RIH with the Coiled Tubing not faster than 6 m/min.
Visually inspect the line-up from the tree to the burners and check that all valves are in
the correct position. The Intervention Supervisor and the Well Test Supervisor
should witness this.

48
ChapterIII: case study
 Once clear of the TRSSV increase RIH speed to 15 to 20 m/min and start pump N2 at
minimum rate, When at depth below 2500 m, start injecting nitrogen at a minimum
of 500 scf/min
 Insure that “A” and “B” annulus are monitored during the flow period to ensure they
do not exceed maximum allowable pressures, No more then 500 psi.
 Conduct pull test every 250 m and compare weights with calculated weights. Slow
down running speed going through the landing nipples and the top of liner, returns
are to be taken to the flare pit. Monitor fluid returns closely for any signs of gas,
Ensure that the pilots are lit.
 Continue RIH in steps of 250 m each parking the coil for 5/10min maintaining
nitrogen rate at 500 scf/min until the well starts flowing or until the end of the coiled
tubing is at 2745 m (Last HUD-10 m), continue to pump nitrogen until the
hydrocarbon liquid (Top of hydrocarbon liquid proximately 2500 m )has been
displaced with nitrogen.
 N2 has to be shut in prior to closing the well for the not frac the formation,
 Once it is confirmed that the well will flow without N2, POOH with CT into the
lubricator and close the Swab valve. Clean up the well at the highest rate possible and
at lowest possible FWHP
 Monitor the flow line for signs of erosion, especially if solids are produced. Record
Ultrasonic thickness measurements.
 If there is any indication of flow line erosion, well must be secured and lines have to
be opened and inspected.
 Flow the well until all of the hydrocarbon liquid has been flared
 The length of the clean up period is a judgment call of the well site OPS Intervention
Supervisor.
 Bleed off and maintain annulus pressure below 500 psi during the clean up. Record
the volume and type of fluids recovered and report on the OPS daily report and Well
test report.
 Obtain pressures at various choke settings with estimated flow rate at the Data
Acquisition Unit, and reported in well test reporting.
 Obtain condensate gas ratio (CGR) measurement in the end of the clean up operation.

49
ChapterIII: case study
III.14.4.Day 4: Rig Down of Well test equipments :

This step is to be done after confirming the well iscleaned up and not necessary in the 4thday .

 With the UMV, Manual Wing Valve, Actuated Wing Valve, and Kill wing closed,
open the swab valve and bleed down the pressure through the choke manifold and
inflow test of tree-x.

 Open the kill wing valve keep all valve closed and flush the Schlumberger test
equipment with fresh water.

 Rig down ESD from the WECO connection. necessary

 Rig down Schlumberger test equipment.

 Open the kill wing valve to bleed any trapped pressure and then close it again.

 Remove the 2-1/16” flange x 2” 1502 WECO from the kill wing.

 Pressures test the companion flange to 5000 psi with a hydraulic hand pump against
the kill wing valve.

 With the Wing Valve, Actuated Wing Valve, and Kill wing closed, open the swab
valve and close the swab needle valve.

 Function test of WSSV and close it

 Slowly open the UMV to test the tree cap installation, the tree cap flange and cap
needs to be tested to 5k. All pressure tests should be recorded and retained.

 Close the UMV and bleed off the pressure above the UMV through the swab needle
valve.

 Close the swab valve..

 After rig down of all equipment, check the site to verify it is as clean as before the
operation.

 Notify the Area Authority and Teg Operations Superintendent that the cleanup is
complete and sign off on the permit.

50
ChapterIII: case study
III.15.CALCULATIONS :

III.15.1.Weight of Gas Column to 2500 m ( Top of hydrocarbon liquid ) :

 WHP = 85 bars ( 1232 .5 psi )

 Correction factor for gas with SG : 0.628 = 1.181

 HP = 1.181 X 1232,5 = 1456 psi

III.15.2.Weight of Hydrocarbon liquid from 2500 m to ( HUD – 10 m ) :

 Hydrocarbonliquid gradient = 0.4 psi / ft

 HUD = 2757 m

 HP = 0.4 x ( 247 X 3.28 ) = 324 psi

Total weight of Gas column and hydrocarbon column to (HUD – 10 m) = 324 + 1456 =
1793 psi.

III.15.3.Wight of hydrocarbon column from ( HUD – 10 m ) to top

perforation ( at 2930 m ) :
 Length of the hydrocarbon column = 2930 -2747 = 183 m

 HP = 0.4 X (183 X 3.28) = 240 psi.

III.15.4.Total weight of Wellbore fluid column to top perforation (at 2930

m) :

Total weight = 240 + 324 + 1456 = 2020 psi.

 Reservoir pressure = 1961 psi (June 2012) (From SOR of Teg-37).

 Bottom hole pressure at Gauge depth (at 2750 m WL) = 1848 psi
(Pressure Gradient Surveys Job on the 27/04/2013).

III.16.Diagrams andScenario Schematics:

III.16.1.1st Scenario: 55 mmscf/d (Shlumberger Simulation) :

51
ChapterIII: case study

Figure III .9:Scenario well test Layout 1

III.16.2.2ndScenario : 14 mmscfd(Shlumberger Simulation) :

Figure III .10 :Scenario well test Layout 2

52
ChapterIII: case study

Figure III.11 : surface testing equipment layout

III.17. conclusion :
In each case study couled tubing is used to solve the problems posed or to maintain the well
and to save the production but in the other cases we will change the parameters of well
operations as another hole layer link is created. and all these interventions are successful
without problem but each operation is expensive so the transition after the problem creates
continuity in productivity .

Reservoir pressure is less then column weight by about 60 psi.

CT and Clean up will be able to reduce bottom hole pressure by 324 psi maximum from the
2020 psi (Total weight of the column in the Wellbore to top perforation.

53
Conclusion General
ConclusionGeneral :

According to the present study and before highlighted the importance and the effectiveness of
the couled tubing interventions the wells, with all the advantages to the intervention on the
wells is production. Among the advantages can be Technological development in terms of
dealing with problems. impede production processes (Tools and calves treatment programs
and the establishment of modern processes to restore, protect and increase productivity, New
chemicals more effective than those currently used

✓multiesed tool multiesmultized in the same process increases the success rate

✓Specific transition between interventions due to specific problems of some disadvantages

such as

✓The development of the mechanism used in the interventions creates a price increase

✓Different techniques of intercreation of hemutations of result options of multivariate of the

multifier several new products chSimiques creates new problems that cannot be solved

✓The disruption of safety during new interventions in the pilot phase of the primary

54
References
References

[1] : JET Manual for coiled tubing from Schlumberger.

[2] : An Introduction to Coiled Tubing, J.Holmes, Texas 2005.
[3] : background production book.
[4] : ours de l’IFP.
[5] : Regional assessment, Beicip-Franlab, December 1991
[6] : Rossi C, Kalin O, Elez J (Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense
Madrid), and Teresa Bartina T, Alaminos A, Salvadores J (Cepsa E&P), “Geological
integration of ORD and RKF fields, bloc 406A”, Algeria, 2005.
[7] : of the satellite fields of block 404 of the Berkine basin, Beicip-Franlab, June 1999

55