Urdaneta City University

College of Teacher Education

1 San Vicente West, Urdaneta City, Pangasinan 2428
(075) 568-2475 loc. 8110, Fax: (075) 600-1468
E-mail: [email protected]

PROFESSIONAL ENHANCEMENT 1
General Education Social Studies (Life and Works of Rizal)

FOCUS: Rizal's Life and Works of other Heroes and Heroines

The course is designed to expose students to a wide range of biographical models of selected Filipino national heroes with
particular focus on the life and works of Dr. Jose Rizal to help them choose the philosophies, values, virtues, and life
goals they will embrace both as a private person and as a citizen. The course will examine the socio-economic-political
and historical contexts that scaffold the life and works of Rizal and other selected heroes and identify the lessons that can
be drawn from their lives that are applicable in contemporary times.

A. Taft Commission and Rizal Law

The Taft Commission chose Rizal out of several great Filipinos as the number one hero of his people.

Republic Act No. 42 (Batas Rizal) mandated the offering of the course Buhay at Katha ni Rizal to all college students
to provide the models that will challenge the spirit of nationalism. More recently, the Commission on Higher Education
(CHED) saw the need to strengthen the Idealism of college students by providing the youth with opportunities to examine
the different perspectives that other Filipino heroes and heroines took in building our nation.

B. Dr. Jose Rizal's Time (Spanish Period)

The sufferings of Rizal in his life occurred during the 9panish regime the glorious empire could not be freed from the
blockade of Science and the Industrial Revolution. The empire has weakened wretchedly because of the numerous battles
in Europe occurring in a number of years and ended against the United States, Spain's total destruction was foreseeable.
The foundation of her high economy colonies' wealth gradually but certainty were gone from her as these clamored for
separation. The empire was questioned even its most raison d' etre or grounds the challenges of the Age of
Enlightenment was not sufficiently met by the monarchy; the democratic standards formed or created by the French
Revolution Immediately bore fruit with the promulgation of the Cadiz Constitution to the dismay of the monarchy and the
church.

C. Rizal: The Person

1. The Great Thinker

He was the great thinker as he used reasons and understanding that led him to empower use Of Pen and paper.
In such, the great books "Noli MeTangere and El Filibusterismo has aroused feelings Of his countrymen and awakened
them from the deep-slumber of more than centuries of friar misrule and colonial maladministration.

His novels were not the only key of his success but all his other writings, letters, diary and other works that
served as his love for the country as a profound and effective Great

2. The Great Doer

Rizal was known to be very intellectual as he has competed to other nations in every different manner. He
believes that intellect should be practiced through performance. He has excelled into different fields which made him
competent, creative and has gained high respect from his fellow' scientists and not only in Spain but in England, France,
Germany, and Austria researchers, scholars, most especially it has been evident in the deep friendship and mutual
admiration between himself and Ferdinand Blumentritt.

3. The Great Lover

He's been the Great Filipino Lover in his time until present. His love was the fusion by his four great loves. First
was an Almighty sacred love of God. The Almighty flame of love was burning his heart and soul whether as a Roman
Catholic or as a mason. Second was his sacred love of his family and friends. Third was his love for the country which is
his most beloved “patria adorada'”. Lastly, Rizal’s love for Josephine Bracken, the one true love of Rizal.

He has shown his love through his fervor, he has shared it all, through his possessions by giving his own life to
enlighten the mentality of his countrymen.

4. The Great Servant Leader

Rizal has no in the government, he even had no control of vast financial or material resources and he had no
means of just to broadcast his propaganda movement, but he had been very effective as a leader to transform the
Filipino people and inspired them to enable them their highest potential. His leadership was one of being a servant leader.

His ability to love without limits, without ever counting the cost has been a real greatness that became the
inspiration of this servant-leadership. This can be seen in his masterpiece "Mi Ultimo Adios' which was written before long
his execution.

Conceivably the greatest power of our national hero must have come from the power to love with all pure and all-
mighty love in which this powerful love lived on and triumphed over the so called "death.'

D. Rizal's Works: The following are some of the writings of Rizal

1. To My Fellow Children (Sa Aking Mga Kabata)

He wrote this poem as appeal to his countrymen to love their national language. Rizal said: “ Ang hindi magmahal
sa sariling wika, ay higit pa sa hayop at malansang isda, kaya ang marapat pagyamaning kusa na tulad sa isang tunay na
nagpala."

2. To The Filipino Youth ( A La Juventud Filipina)

"A La Juventud Filipina" is a literary masterpiece that expresses Rizal's immortal message of of country, energy
and faith particularly in the youth, the “Hope of the Fatherland" ("Ang Kabataan Pag-asa ng Bayan”).

3. Letter to the Young Women of Malolos

Famous literary work where Rizal voiced out the conviction that women should think themselves, should be
educated, and should be more active in public office.

4. The Intricate Alliance between Religion and Good Education

Rizal showed the importance of religion in education. Education without God is not true education.

5. My Last Farewell

This masterpiece was written by Rizal in Fort Santiago probably a day or two before his execution on December
30, 1896 in Bagumbayan. The poem is full of the author's love of country when he uttered this, "It is sweet to die for you
so that you may live. It is sweet to die and sleep under your sky."

6. The Council of Gods

The winning of this allegorical drama in a literary contest was controversial and exceptional use the winning
author was an Indio. The prize was a gold ring on which the bust of Cervantes was graved.

7. Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo

Noli Me Tangere and El Filibustensmo differ on the ideas and aspirations implied to the reader. Noli Me Tangere is
a romantic novel, it is a work of the heart, a book of feeling; it has freshness, color, mort, lightness and wit. The
diagnosis that came out was that Juli was an attempt to expose the real connditions during Rizal's time. El Filibusterismo
is a political novel; it is a work of the head, a book of thoughts; containing bitterness, hatred, pain violence and. sorrow.
And the Fili was a study of the prescription of the diagnosis (prognosis). From this point of view, Rizal analyzed the
prescription, which was the resolution.

E. Other Heroes and Heroines

1. Apolinario Mabini y Maranany

July 23, 1864 — May 13, 1903, He was a Filipino political philosopher and revolutionary who wrote the
constitution for the first Philippine Republic of 1899-1901, and served as its first prime minister in 1899. In Philippine
history texts, he is often referred to as “the sublime paralytic” and as "the Brains of the Revolution. To his envious
enemies, he referred to as the "Dark Chamber of the President

2. Marcelo Hilario del Pilar y Gatmaitan

August 30, 1850 — July 4, 1896, He was a Filipino revolutionary leader of the Philippine Revolution and one of
the leading illustrado propagandist of the Philippine War of Independence. Del Pilar was one of the co-publisher and
founder of La Solidaridad newspaper In 1882, Del Pilar founded the newspaper "Diariong Tagalog to promote reforms
among the farmers and peasants, He also supported Jose Rizal's polemical writings

3. Jose Apolonio Burgos y Garcia

was a Filipino secular priest, part of the Gomburza trio who were falsely accused of mutiny by the Spanish
colonial authorities in the Philippines in the 19th century. He was placed in a mock trial and abruptly executed in Manila
along with boo other clergymen. Burgos' liberal and nationalist views, codified in editorial essays, championing political
and ecclesiastic reforms in favor of empowering more native clergy, made him a target of opposition by Roman Catholic
authorities.

4. Graciano Lopez y Jaena

December 18, 1356 - January 20, 1896. He was a Filipino writer and journalist in the Philippine Revolution. Lopez
Jaena was born in Jaro, Iloilo to Placido Låpez and Maria Jacoba Jaena. His parents were poor, as his mother was a
seamstress and his father a general repairman. At the age of six, Lopez Jaena was placed under the care of Friar
Francisco Jayme who raised him. He is remembered for his literary contributions to the propaganda movement. Lopez
Jaena founded the fortnightly newspaper, La Solidaridad. When the publication office moved from Barcelona to Madrid,
the editorship was succeeded to Marcelo Del Pilar. Lopez Jaena died of tuberculosis on January 20, 1896.

5. Prinsesa Tarhata Kiram

1904 - May 23, 1979, her roots are from Maimbong, Sulu. She was the niece and foster child of Sultan Jamalul
Kiram and was he first Muslim princess to study at University of Illinois. During the historic Tausug-American war, she
fought with her husband Datu TahiI, armed with Kris, they clashed the troops of Gen. John Pershing and Governor
General Leonard with guns Tarhata Kitam with Senador Hadji Butu objected the passing of Bacon Bill of 1997, which will
separate Mindanao and Sutu. She also led the successor of the Sabah to further increase the relations between Malaysia.
Became the adviser of Rear Admiral Romulo Espaldon of the Islamic Affairs Regional Commission, Region IX. The
composer of the Tausug song “Jolo Farewell,” and her face was featured on the Philippine Postal stamps worth 1984.

6. Juan Luna y Novicio

October 23, 1857 December 7, 1899, He was a Filipino painter in the late 19th century. He was a Filipino painter
in the late 19th century. He settled in Paris and married Maria de la Paz, a prominent Filipina from the the Mestizaje famil
of Pardo de Tavera. In a rage over his suspicion of infidelity on the part of his wife, he shot her and her mother to death
in September 1892. Tried by a French court and subsequently convicted in 1893, he was sentenced to pay the victims
immediate family but one franc each for their loss, as the court had deemed the murders a crime of passion. In 1894,
Luna returned to the Philippines after an absence of almost 20 years. His most famous piece, The Spolarium, which he
won gold prize at the 1884 Madrid Exposition, is currently in the National Museum in Manila. Luna died of heart failure in
Hong Kong on December 7, 1899. He was rushing home from Europe after hearing of his brother’s assassination by
members of the Katipunan. Luna was burried at the San Agustin Church in Intramuros.

7. Maria Josefa Gabriela Carino Silang

March 19, 1731-September 29, 1763. She was the first Filipino woman to lead a revolt during the Spanish
colonization of the Philippines. An active member of the insurgent force of Diego Silang, her husband, she led the group
for four months after his death before she was captured and executed. Her ferocity and death became a symbol for
Filipino women, their pre-colonial importance in Filipino society and their struggle for liberation during colonization.

8. General Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy

March 22, 1869 February 6, 1964, He was a Filipino general, politician and independence leader. He played an
instrumental role in Philippine independence during the Philippine Revolution against Spain and the Philippine-American
War that resisted American occupation. He eventually pledged his allegiance to the US government In the Philippines,
Aguinaldo is considered to be the country’s first and the youngest Philippine President, though his government failed to
obtain any foreign recognition.

9. Lapu-Lapu
 The king of Mactan Island, he's regarded as the first great hero of the Philippine islands and he's accountable to
the death of Magellan( claimed as their re-discoverer of the Philippine Islands).

10. Purmassuri

A Muslim and a very witty woman from Sulu who used her deceiving beauty to bewitch the Spaniards and took
advantage of it to attack them. The story showed that country is never conquered without any defense and the women
were always ready to make an effort to do best for the sake of their noble country.

E. Andres Bonifacio

Bonifacio was born in Tondo on November 30, 1863. The early death of his parents forced him to quit school in
order to support his brothers and sisters. He led the revolt in Balintawak, and founded the Katipunan. Unlike Rizal,
Bonifacio was sympathetic toward the Revolution. He declared himself in favor of insurrection as a “last remedy,”
especially if the people no longer that peaceful means suffice. The first salvo of the revolution began in August 26, 1896,
with thousands of Filipinos who joined him.

Name: _______________________________________ Code: ________

Instruction: Choose the letter of the best answer

1.What was the title of Rizal’s work considered to be his crowning glory as a young poet.
a. Mi Ultimo Adios
B. A La Juventud Filipina
C. To the Flowers of Heidelberg
D. El Filibusterismo
2. In Rizal’s time, which among the following was pressing issues in the Philippine society that were presents in Noli Me
Tangere?
A. Abuses against Filipino Women
B. Abuses of Friars
C. Abuses of Parents
D. All of the above
3. What crime Rizal was tried by the Spanish Militay Court?
A. Rebellion and Organizing Illegal Societies
B. Falsification of Documents
C. Cyber Libel
D. Treason
4. In Which poem did Rizal write about offering one’s life for one’s country?
A. A La Juventud Filipina
B. Mi Ultimo Adios
C. To the Flowers of Heidelberg
D. El Filibusterismo
5. Rizal’s famous sculptural work was _______________, a clay sculpture of a naked young women with overflowing hair,
standing on a skull while bearing a torch held high.
A. Mi Ultimo A Dios
B. The Triump of Science over Death
C. Spolarium
D. Sacred heart
6. Jose Rizal faced the Firing squad in Bagumbayan de Luneta on December 30, 1896. This is a genuine manifestation of
Rizal’s strong sense of:
A. Patriosim
B. Loyalty
C. Honesty
7) The historic waterway Suez Canal, which was traversed by Rizal for 5 days, was constructed by the famous Frenchman
named __________.
A. Ferdinand Magellan
B. Ferdinand de Lesseps
C. Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
D. Juan de Salcedo
8) A liberal-minded Spaniard and Civil Governor of Manila (during General Carlos Ma. de la Torre's administration) whom
Rizal used to visit the home of every Saturday evening because the hero was far away and lonely in Madrid. He and other
Filipino students played parlor games with his 2 daughters.
A. Guillermo Puatu
B. Francisco Calvo Muñoz
C. Ramon Blanco
D. Don Pablo Ortega y Rey
9) On August 22, 1883, Rizal wrote a lovely poem entitled A la Senorita C.O. y R. Who was he dedicating the poem to?
A. Leonor Rivera
B. Pilar
 C. Consuelo
D. Concepcion
10) Shortly after Rizal's arrival in Madrid, he joined the Society of Spaniards and Filipinos, in which the members of the
society requested him so he wrote a poem entitled Me Piden Versos(They Asked Me for Verses). What's the name of the
organization?
A. Circulo Hispano-Filipino
B. El Consuejo de los Dioses
C. Liceo Artistico-Literario
D. Marian Congregation
11) In 1883, Rizal joined the Masonic Lodge Acacia and his Masonic name is Dimasalang. His reasons why he became a
Mason: (1) the abusive bad friars in the Philippines and he needed the help of the Masons as shield to use in his fight
against evil forces of tyranny. On November 15, 1890, he became a Master Mason in ______.
A. La Liga Filipina
B. Lodge Solidaridad
C. Circulo Hispano-Filipino
D. Propaganda Movement
12) At the National Exposition of Fine Arts in Madrid in 1884, joined by many painters in Europe in that art competition,
Luna won first prize (gold medal) for his _____.
A. Christian Virgins Exposed to the Populace
B. Spolarium
C. Felicitacion
D. Uncle Tom's Cabin
13) Rizal graduated a degree of Licentiate in Medicine in June 1884 at Universidad Central de Madrid as well as a degree
of Licentiate in Philosophy and Letters in such school with the rating of __________.
A. Aprobado (passing grade)
B. Bueno (good)
C. Notable (very good)
D. Sobrasaliente (excellent)
13) After Rizal completed his studies in Madrid, Rizal went to Paris and Germany in order to specialize in ___________.
A. Optometry
B. Philosophy and Letters
C. Ophthalmology
D. Philosophy and Latin
14) Rizal discussed with Luna, the great master of brush, by posing as model in several painting. In Luna's canvas "The
Death of Cleopatra posing as a/an _____.. Rizal discussed with Luna, the great master of brush, by posing as model in
several painting. In Luna's canvas "The Death of Cleopatra" posing as a/an _____.
A. Ferdinand Magellan
B. Lapu-Lapu
C. Dagohoy
D. Egyptian priest
15) How much did Rizal owed to Maximo Viola so that the novel Noli Me Tangere could be printed?
A. P100.00
B. P150.00
C. P200.00
D. P300.00
16) While the storm over the Noli was raging in fury, Rizal was not molested in Calamba because of this Governor-
General that assigned a bodyguard for Rizal. Who was that Governor-General?
A. Terrero
B. Blanco
C. Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
D. Juan Salcedo
17) The lottery prize that Rizal won.
A. P10,000
B. P20,000
C. P30,000
D. P40,000
18) What is Jose Rizal's height?
A. 4' 9"
B. 4' 10"
C. 4' 11"
D. 5' 0"
19) When was Rizal arrested and deported to Dapitan (without benefit of trial)?
A. June 21, 1892
B. June 26, 1892
C. July 3, 1892
D. July 7, 1892
20) Rizal was accused of this/these crime or crimes.
i. rebellion
ii. sedition
iii. illegal association
A. I only
 B. I and ii
C. I and iii
D. All of the above
21) The exact time Rizal died when he was shot at Bagumbayan Field by firing squad
A. 6:00 am
B. 6:15 am
C. 6:30 am
D. 7:03 am
22. A city where the novel the El Filibusterismo was published
A. Ghent
B. Berlin
C. Madrid
D. Paris
23. The novel, El Filibusterismo is about
A. Politics and Revolution
B. Religion, Love, Society
C. Passion
D. Treason
24. The law which provides that "courses on the life, works and writings of Jose Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me
Tangere and El Filibusterismo, shall be included in the curricula of all schools, colleges and universities, public or private."
A. 5655
B. 1425
C. 10533
D. 1081
25. What was the name of Jose Rizal’s Dog?
A. Muning
B. Kalil
C. Uzman
D. Lasam
26. According to Rizal himself he took the term Noli Me Tangere, which means “Touch Me Not” from the Bible. From what
Gospel was Noli Me Tangere taken?
A. St. Luke 24:12 B. St. John 20:17
C. St. Luke 24:44 D. St. John 20:15
27. What was the book written by Rizal in defense of alleged laziness of the Filipinos
a. Mi Retiro b. The Indolence of Filipinos
c. Mi Ultimo Adios d. La Indolencia

28. Annexation of the Philippines from Spain was one of the demands of Filipino Nationalists during Spanish colonization.
What was the sentence all about?
a. To become free from Spain b. To become independent
c. To become province of Spain d. Al of the above.

29. After Rizal was exiled in Dapitan, what revolutionary association was formed?
a. Asosacion Circulo Hispano b. La Liga Filipina
c. KKK d. Asosacion Filipino
30. Who proclaimed Jose Rizal as National Hero?
a. It was legislated c. Former President Aguinaldo

b. Popular acclamation d. Former president Manuel L. Quezon

31. What was the title of the first essay of Rizal that was published in Diariong Tagalog?
a. Sa aking mga Kabata b. Los Viajes
c. Revista de Madrid d. Amor Patrio
32. Where did Jose Rizal get his Medicine, and Philosophy and letters courses (Educational Institution)?
a. Academy of San Carlos b.Unibersidad Central de Madrid
c. Hall of Sanz d.University of Santo Tomas
33. What was the title of the painting of Juan Luna which topped on the National Exposition of Fine Arts in Spain?
a. Spolarium b.Virgines Christianas Expuestas al Populacho
c. El Liberal d. Uncle Tom’s Cabin

34. When Jose Rizal was sentenced to death through a firing squad?
a.December 30, 1898 b. December 30, 1896
b. December 31, 1898 c.December 31, 1896
35. What work of Rizal topped on the Liceo Artistico Literario which referred to the Youth as a hope of our motherland?
a. To my Fellow Youth b. Himno al Trabajo
c. A la Juventud Filipina d. Amor Patrio
36. Some critics believed to this poem of Rizal as his greatest work.
a. Song of the Traveler b. Sa Aking mga Kabata
c. Me Retiro d. Mi Ultimo Adios

37. What was the last words of Rizal during his execution in Bagumbayan (Presently Luneta) on December 30, 1896?
 a. Consumisyon kau! b. Consumatum Est
c. Deus Benedicat d. Sana all

38. What was the book that inspired Rizal to write his first novel, Noli me Tangere, which talks about trial and hardship of
the black slaves?
a. Storm over the Southern Sea b. Uncle Tom’s Cabin
c. Count de Monte Cristo d. Wiliam Tell
39. A lad who studied in Europe and dreamed to build a school for San Diego. He was also one of the main characters of
Noli Me Tangere.
a. Simoun b. Juan Crisostomo Ibarra
c. Basilio d. Rafael Ibarra
40. Who would evaluate the achievements of heroes?

a. Academicians c. Legislators (Law makers)

b. President d. Secretary of Education

41. It was a representation of colonies of Spain in the Spanish parliament.

a. Parliamentary c. Cadiz Constitution

b. Cortes d. Representatives

41. It was a representation of colonies of Spain in the Spanish parliament.

a. Parliamentary c. Cadiz Constitution
b. Cortes d. Representatives

42. Who were the first missionaries who came in the Philippines?

a. Dominicans c. Franciscans
b. Augustinians d. Jesuits
43. Who largely opposed the teaching of life and works of Rizal?

a. Principals c. Teachers and Educators

b. Legislators d. Catholic Church

44. When Rizal was born?

a. June 16, 1861 c. July 16, 1861

b. June 19, 1861 d. July 19, 1861
45. How did the yaya of Rizal awake his imagination and creativity?

a. By engaging him into artworks c. by bringing crayons every time

b. By telling him legends and fictional stories d. All of the above.

46. Who ordered Jose Rizal to be shot in Bagumbayan on the morning of December 30, 1896?
A. Ramon Blanco B. Eulogio Despujol
C. Camilo Polaveja D. Rafael de Izquirdo
47. Who led the longest revolt in the Philippines
A. Antonio Luna B. Diego Silang
C. Francisco Dagohoy D. Hermano Pule
48. Friends and nationalists defended Noli me Tangere. A brilliant defense came from Rev. Vicente Garcia who claimed
that Rizal did not take attack the Church and Spain?
A. Rizal’s Noli me Tangere was simply a fiction, no harm to everyone.
B. Rizal focused on the ignorance of Filipinos.
C. Rizal would want to enlighten or open the minds of his fellowmen.
D. Rizal attacked the bad Spanish officials and priests.
49. The character in the novel Noli was described by Rizal as a laundry woman before her marriage to the officer of the
Guardia Civil. She was known as the “Muse of the Guardia Civil.” She pretended to have forgotten Tagalog already but
her use of Spanish was awful. Who was the woman?
A. Dona Consolacion
B. Dona Victorina de los Reyes de Espadana
C. Sisa
D. Paulita Gomez.
50. Sometime in 1807, Rizal’s close friend Ferdinand Blumentritt asked him to define the term for he could not find the
word in European Spanish or Spanish American sources. Rizal replied that in Filipino, the word meant: “a dangerous
patriot who someday will be hanged.” What was the word requested Rizal to define?
A. Filibuster B. Revolutionist
C. Militarist D. Patriot