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    Hydroconversion Tut Sheet Tut 6B

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    Rohit Sahu
    This document provides information and questions related to petroleum refinery engineering. It discusses catalyst volume needed for desulphurization of vacuum gas oil, hydrogen requirements for hydrotreating naphtha and atmospheric gas oil, and severity of hydrotreating on gas oil properties. It also provides a multi-step problem on an aromatic residue desulphurization process involving cracking of heavy components and removal of thiophenes.

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    Hydroconversion Tut Sheet Tut 6B

    Uploaded by

    Rohit Sahu
    50 views2 pages
    This document provides information and questions related to petroleum refinery engineering. It discusses catalyst volume needed for desulphurization of vacuum gas oil, hydrogen requirements for hydrotreating naphtha and atmospheric gas oil, and severity of hydrotreating on gas oil properties. It also provides a multi-step problem on an aromatic residue desulphurization process involving cracking of heavy components and removal of thiophenes.

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    This document provides information and questions related to petroleum refinery engineering. It discusses catalyst volume needed for desulphurization of vacuum gas oil, hydrogen requirements for hydrotreating naphtha and atmospheric gas oil, and severity of hydrotreating on gas oil properties. It also provides a multi-step problem on an aromatic residue desulphurization process involving cracking of heavy components and removal of thiophenes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    50 views2 pages

    Hydroconversion Tut Sheet Tut 6B

    Uploaded by

    Rohit Sahu
    This document provides information and questions related to petroleum refinery engineering. It discusses catalyst volume needed for desulphurization of vacuum gas oil, hydrogen requirements for hydrotreating naphtha and atmospheric gas oil, and severity of hydrotreating on gas oil properties. It also provides a multi-step problem on an aromatic residue desulphurization process involving cracking of heavy components and removal of thiophenes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    PETROLEUM REFINERY ENGINEERING (CLL 794)

    DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, IIT DELHI


    TUTORIAL SHEET – 6B
    HYDROCONVERSION
    1. Find the catalyst volume needed for the desulphurization of VGO. The initial sulphur content is 2.3 wt
    % and the final sulphur content of the product is 0.1 wt%. The reaction rate constant (h-1) can be
    expressed as:
    k = 2.47 x 1010 exp(-14,995/T)
    The reaction conditions are T = 415 deg. C and P = 5.1 MPa. The order of the reaction was found to be
    n = 1.7. The feed flow rate is 167,500 kg/h and has a density of 910 kg/m3. Ans: 138 cu.m

    2. It is required to hydrotreat naphtha which has 1 wt% S and API = 50. Find:
    a) How much hydrogen is required to remove all the sulphur in the feed by empirical correlations.
    SCFB H2 = 191Sf -30.7 where Sf is the sulfur wt% in feed.
    Δ(API)P = 0.01 x (SCFB H2) +0.036 x (API)F – 2.69
    b) How much of this hydrogen is used for chemical requirements. (Note: At std. conditions 1lb mol
    occupies 379 ft3). Ans: 128 ft3
    c) If the mean average boiling point of this naphtha is 135 deg.F. Assuming that the naphthene and
    aromatic present in the naphtha are cyclohexane and benzene, respectively. Find the volume of
    hydrogen (SCFB) to convert all cyclohexane and benzene into hexane.
    Use eqns: Vol% Paraffins = 12.8 Kf2 -259 Kf +1330
    Vol% Naphthene = -78.5 Kf2 +1776.6Kf – 9993.7
    Vol% Aromatics = 38.4 Kf2 – 894.3 Kf + 5219.4

    3. It is required to remove all S in a feed of atmospheric gas oil (AGO) by hydrotreating. The feed
    contains 2 wt% S and sulphur compounds distributed is as follows: Ans:120
    SCFH2/bbl AGO
    Compound RSH R2S (RS)2 Thiophene
    (C4H4S)
    Wt% 45 25 20 10
    The AGO has an API = 30. Calculate the chemical hydrogen requirement in SCFB.

    4. Gas oil has an API of 30, and a sulphur content of 1.5 wt% is fed into a hydrotreater. It is required to
    carry out HDS at a severity of 90%. Calculate the hydrogen required and product API. Ans:425 ft3/bbl

    5. A heavy residue stream that contains mostly n-C 30 (990 lb mol/h) and some amount of thiophene (10 lb
    mol/h) is prepared to enter an ARDS process to crack the heavy component n-C 30 to more lighter
    components such as n-C20, n-C10 and n-C4. In addition, thiophenes should be completely removed. The
    feed stream is initially at 100 deg.F and 120 psia. This feed needs to be mixed with hydrogen stream
    (1250 lbmol/h) available at 150 deg.F and 200 psia. The mixed feed should be heated and compressed
    to 700 deg.F and 1500 psia before entering the reactor. The reactions are shown below:
    1. C4H4S + 4H2C4H10 +H2S Conversion100% (Conversion reactor type)
    2. C30H62 +H2C20H42 + C10H22 Conversion 70% (Conversion reactor type)

    The reactor products are cooled to 200 deg.F before entering a gas-liquid separator, 300 lb mol/h of the
    hydrogen coming from this separator is recycled back with the feed. The rest is vented to the
    atmosphere. The liquid stream coming out from the separator is then expanded by a valve to reduce the
    pressure to 250 psia. This makes it ready to enter a distillation column in order to separate the extra
    hydrogen left with the hydrocarbons. A typical flowsheet of the ARDS process is shown below.
    Perform a material and energy balance for the ARDS process.

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