Lesson 1 Basic Musical Notation: The Staff

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LESSON 1

Basic Musical Notation


Especially in the days before audio recording and playback, music
was often written out as a means of preserving and communicating
it. To do this, a system of notation was developed that gives
musicians the information they need to play music as the composer
intended it.

The Staff
The staff is the basis of written music. It is what the notes are
presented on. It consists of 5 lines with four spaces between them.
A simple, unadorned staff is shown below.

Clefs

This is the treble staff. The treble clef (the large fancy symbol to the
far left) shows the musician that the staff is treble. Since it curls
around the G line, it is also called a G clef. The treble staff begins
with the first line as E. Each successive space and line is the next
letter in the musical alphabet. The staff ends with the last line as an
F. Many mnemonic devices exist to help a person remember which
line and space is which. One of the most common phrases to
remember the names of the lines is: Every Good Boy Does Fine.
(Also popular is Elvis' Guitar Broke Down Friday). To remember the
spaces, just remember that they spell FACE starting from the
bottom.
This is the bass (pronounced 'base' ) staff. The bass clef, also
known as the F clef because it locates the line known as F, is on the
far left. The bass clef uses the same musical alphabet as treble, but
the letters start in different places. Instead of an E, the bottom line
is a G, and the letters proceed logically from there. Again, simple
mnemonics can be used to remember the names of the notes. The
lines on the bass cleft, from bottom to top are: G, B, D, F, A
(Good Boys Don't Fight Anyone), and the spaces are A,C,E,G
(All Cows Eat Grass).

The Grand Staff

When the bass and treble clef are combined and connected by a
brace (left) and lines, they become the grand staff. This greatly
increases the range of pitches that can be noted, and is often used
in piano music, due to the piano's wide range.
Measures

The vertical lines on the staff mark the measures. Measures are
used to divide and organize music. The time signature determines
how many beats can be in a measure. The thick double bars mark
the beginning and ends of a piece of music. Measures are
sometimes marked with numbers to make navigating a piece easier.
The first measure would be measure one, the second measure two
and so on.

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