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    Application of FSRUs in China and The Challenges

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    Anonymous icnhaNsF
    The document discusses FSRUs (floating storage and regasification units) in China and their challenges. It summarizes the Tianjin FSRU project, the main systems of FSRUs including storage, loading/unloading, mooring, and regasification. FSRUs have advantages of short construction timelines, flexible siting, and lower costs compared to conventional onshore LNG terminals. However, challenges include lack of complete standards in China, operational safety risks, difficulty evacuating in emergencies, and poor capacity for expansion. Future directions may include smaller FSRUs for remote islands, but challenges remain around high initial costs and inadequate design/construction regulations.

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    Application of FSRUs in China and The Challenges

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    Anonymous icnhaNsF
    42 views23 pages
    The document discusses FSRUs (floating storage and regasification units) in China and their challenges. It summarizes the Tianjin FSRU project, the main systems of FSRUs including storage, loading/unloading, mooring, and regasification. FSRUs have advantages of short construction timelines, flexible siting, and lower costs compared to conventional onshore LNG terminals. However, challenges include lack of complete standards in China, operational safety risks, difficulty evacuating in emergencies, and poor capacity for expansion. Future directions may include smaller FSRUs for remote islands, but challenges remain around high initial costs and inadequate design/construction regulations.

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    Application of FSRUs in China and the challenges

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    The document discusses FSRUs (floating storage and regasification units) in China and their challenges. It summarizes the Tianjin FSRU project, the main systems of FSRUs including storage, loading/unloading, mooring, and regasification. FSRUs have advantages of short construction timelines, flexible siting, and lower costs compared to conventional onshore LNG terminals. However, challenges include lack of complete standards in China, operational safety risks, difficulty evacuating in emergencies, and poor capacity for expansion. Future directions may include smaller FSRUs for remote islands, but challenges remain around high initial costs and inadequate design/construction regulations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    42 views23 pages

    Application of FSRUs in China and The Challenges

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous icnhaNsF
    The document discusses FSRUs (floating storage and regasification units) in China and their challenges. It summarizes the Tianjin FSRU project, the main systems of FSRUs including storage, loading/unloading, mooring, and regasification. FSRUs have advantages of short construction timelines, flexible siting, and lower costs compared to conventional onshore LNG terminals. However, challenges include lack of complete standards in China, operational safety risks, difficulty evacuating in emergencies, and poor capacity for expansion. Future directions may include smaller FSRUs for remote islands, but challenges remain around high initial costs and inadequate design/construction regulations.

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    of 23

    中国的FSRU应用及挑战

    Application of FSRUs in China And The Challenges


    Forward

    中海油能源发展股份有限公司
    CNOOC Energy Technology & Services
    June,2014
    目录 Content

    一、天津浮式项目(Tianjin FSRU)

    二、FSRU的主要系统(Main Systems of FSRU)

    三、FSRU的优缺点(Advantages disadvantages)

    四、穿梭再气化船(Shuttle regasification LNG vessel)

    五、未来的方向及面临的挑战 (Application direction


    and challenges forward)

    2
    一、天津浮式项目(Tianjin FSRU)

    项目组成：浮式气化装置（FSRU）、码头工程、储罐工程、输气管线工程
    Project content: FSRU,dock engineering, storage tank, Gas transmission
    pipeline
    一期规模：220万吨/年（30亿方），FSRU气化外输+陆上小型储罐
    The first phase scale: 2.2 million tons/year (3 billion cums), small FSRU +
    land storage tank
    二期规模：不低于600万吨/年（80亿方），采用常规大型陆上接收站模式
    The second phase scale: Not less than 6 million tons/year (8 billion), the
    conventional large onshore terminal mode
    建设思路：先浮式，后常规，浮式项目实现快速供气，后续储罐建设提高供
    气量
    Construction strategy: FSRU first, then the conventional mode, Floating
    project achieve rapid gas supply, the subsequent storage tank
    construction to improve throughput
    In January 2014 the first LNG ship was successfully discharged.

    3
    一、天津浮式项目(Tianjin FSRU)

    Tianjin LNG terminal in future

    4
    一、天津浮式项目(Tianjin FSRU)

    GDFS Cape Ann FSRU

    5
    一、天津浮式项目(Tianjin FSRU)
    The FSRU has the following general dimensions:
    Meters Feet
    LOA 283.0611 928,54
    LBP 270.04 885.83
    Breadth 43.4 142.39
    Depth 26 85.3
    Keel to highest point 55.3 181.4
    Air draught (folded mast) 40.4 132.5
    Assumed ballast draught 9.6 31.5
    Corresponding 80,857
    Summer Load Line 12.4 m
    deadweight mt
    TPC at design draft 11.4
    100.3 mt/cm
    m
    Mean draft with full bunkers and full cargo
    Specific Gravity Mean draft Corresponding DW
    0.47 mt/m^3 11.64 m 73,143 mt

    6
    一、天津浮式项目(Tianjin FSRU)
    The Regasification System (layout and line diagram) is
    shown in the figures below

    LNG/NG system in green, WG in blue and auxiliary steam in


    red 7
    一、天津浮式项目(Tianjin FSRU)

    Water/Glycol Closed-Loop Line Diagram

    The “closed-loop” design means seawater will play no role in the


    regasification of LNG. 8
    一、天津浮式项目(Tianjin FSRU)

    The onboard vaporization system has a maximum capacity of


    approximately 750 mmscfd consisting of three individual
    vaporization units, each with a capacity to vaporize
    approximately 250 mmscfd (about 210 metric tones per hour).
    The vaporization system has the capacity to empty a 145,000
    m3 vessel in approximately four to eight days. Each unit
    has a turn-down capability of 100% to 20%.

    9
    二、FSRU的主要系统(main systems of FSRU)

    FSRU's main function is to receive, store and


    regasification of LNG)
    mainly composed of the following system:
    (1)LNG storage system:
    Independent tank and mambrane type tank.

    10
    二、FSRU的主要系统(main systems of FSRU)

    （2）装卸货系统(Loading and unloading system)


    尾部串靠装卸和两船并列的旁靠装卸。
    (side by side, Tandem LNG Offloading System)

    11
    二、FSRU的主要系统(main systems of FSRU)

    （3）系泊系统(Mooring system)
    系泊于近岸码头(moored in offshore terminal)

    12
    二、FSRU的主要系统(main systems of FSRU)

    多点系泊系统(multi-point mooring system)

    13
    二、FSRU的主要系统(main systems of FSRU)

    软钢臂单点系泊(Soft yoke single-point mooring)

    14
    二、FSRU的主要系统(main systems of FSRU)

    内转塔单点系泊(Turret single-point mooring)

    15
    二、FSRU的主要系统(main systems of FSRU)

    （4）再气化系统(Regasification system)。

    一般来说，气化设施位于甲板的中部，并经特殊设计以符合外输要
    求。目前有两种成熟的再气化设施系统，一为Hamworthy 系统，Hoeigh 及
    Golar 公司使用该系统，为公开技术，没有商业限制。二为Energy Bridge
    系统，由Excellerate 公司及大宇船厂开发。

    Generally, the gasification facilities located in the


    central part of the deck, and specially designed to meet the
    requirements of transmission. There are two mature regasification
    facilities system, firstly, the Hamworthy system, is public
    technology, there is no limit to the business. Secondly, Energy
    Bridge system, developed by Excellerate company and daewoo 16
    三、FSRU的优缺点(Advantages and disadvantages
    1、优点(Advantages)

    1）建造周期短。一般需要1-1.5年。较陆域LNG终端缩短60%～70%的时间。
    (short construction cycle. Typically take 1-1.5 years. The LNG
    terminal for land by 60% ~ 70% of the time.)

    2）选址灵活性大。( A Better flexibility of Location)

    3）成本低。浮式LNG终端总造价约为相同规模常规陆域LNG接收终端总造价的
    50%左右。(The cost is low. Floating LNG terminal total cost is about
    50% of the total cost of the same size of conventional LNG
    terminal .)

    4）审批手续简单。(Simple formalities for approval.)

    5）环境友好型工程。(Environmentally friendly projects) 17


    三、FSRU的优缺点(Advantages and disadvantages

    2、局限性(disadvantages)

    1）目前国内应用浮式LNG接收终端的最大局限性在于尚未建立完整的标准规
    范。(there is no complete standards for FSRU in China.)

    2）接卸LNG过程中存在安全操作风险，需要有经验的工程师对操作人员进行
    严格的岗位培训。（there are operation security risk in the process
    of LNG discharge, need experienced engineer and job training).

    3)如果危险情况发生时,由于在海上,紧急疏散的难度会增大很多。(the
    difficulty of the emergency evacuation will increase a lot because
    the FSRU is in the sea)

    4）FSRU扩容能力较差。虽可选择再建一个FSRU,导致投资增加。(FSRU’s
    capacity expansion ability is poor) 18
    四、穿梭再气化船（LNG-SRV)

    穿梭再气化船由于其功能多，既可以作为LNG运输船使用，又可以
    替代FSRU的作用，设备配置较多，导致造价较高，将其作为FSRU使用不是
    一个理想的方案。

    Shuttle regasification LNG vessel, not only can be used


    as LNG carrier, but also can replace the role of FSRU, so its
    equipment configuration is much more, which cause the cost is
    higher. Therefore, it is not an ideal solution as a FSRU .

    It is only a choice of the transitional period .

    19
    五、未来的方向及面临的挑战(Application direction
    and challenges forward)
    1、未来的方向 （application direction ）

    将来中国最有可能的应用方向是小型FSRU（不具备自航能力），
    比如在中国的三沙市或者其他沿海偏远的岛屿。

    The most likely application direction of FSRU in China in


    future is small scale FSRU (without self-propelled ability),
    such as sansha city or other coastal remote islands.

    20
    五、未来的方向及面临的挑战(Application direction
    and challenges forward)
    2、面临的挑战（challenges forward）

    1)初始投资较高，在市场需求不是特别充分的情况下，项目投产初期，
    效益不理想。

    the initial investment is high, in case that market demand is


    not particularly full, the benefit is not ideal during
    initial stage of production.

    2)针对这些新装备的设计、建造规范国内尚不完善。

    Rules and regulations are inadequate for the FSRUs.

    21
    五、未来的方向及面临的挑战(Application direction
    and challenges forward)
    2、面临的挑战（challenges forward）

    3）海事监管部门尚没有针对性的安全监督管理规定，给项目建设带来一
    定的风险。

    there is no specific safety supervision and management


    regulations published by maritime regulators, which brings some
    extra risk to the project.

    22
    THANKS

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