Viva Qns Solutions 15

1. What is electrical resistance?
How does it change with length, thickness,

temperature, voltage, current etc.?
Electrical Resistance is a measure of the opposition to current flow in an electrical circuit
The electrical resistance of a conductor is dependent on the following factors:
 The cross-sectional area of the conductor

 Length of the conductor
 The material of the conductor
 The temperature of the conducting material
Electrical resistance is directly proportional to length (L) of the conductor and

inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area (A). It is given by the following
relation.
2. What are ohmic and non-ohmic resistances? One example for each
Ohmic resistors are the resistors which obey ohms law. Non ohmic resistors are those
which do not obey ohms law. in ohmic resistors current is directly proportional to
voltage. in non ohmic resistors there is no linear relationship. examples of ohmic
resistors are carbon and pure metals like Al,Cu etc .example for non ohmic resistances
diode and filament lamp.
3. What is Ohm’s law? What are the external conditions, which are to be
kept same for Ohm’s law to hold?
Ohm’s law states that the voltage across a conductor is directly proportional to the current
flowing through it, provided all physical conditions and temperature remain constant.
4. What are Resistance box and Rheostat? Basic difference between them?
a rheostat and resistance box both act as sources of variable resistance in a circuit. In
case of a resistance box, the resistance is in the discrete unit of 1 ohm while a rheostat
varies the resistance in a continuous trend along its length.
5. What are Ammeter and voltmeter? Ammeter is connected in series

whereas Voltmeter is connected in parallel, why?
A voltmeter is an instrument used for measuring electrical potential difference between two
points in an electric circuit. An ammeter is a measuring device used to measure the electric
current in a circuit. Ammeter is always connected in series because it has low internal
resistance. The current to be measured in the circuit should not be practically affected by the
Ammeter, hence the need to have a low internal resistance. Voltmeter is always connected in
parallel because it has high internal resistance.
6. Resistance coil are generally made up of alloys, why?

Alloys are used for making standard resistance coil because they have low temperature
coefficient of resistance with less temperature sensitivity and also they have resistivity and
resistance.
7. What is Potential drop (p.d.)? How does it change with current?
The difference in electrical charge between two points in a circuit is called potential drop.it is
directly proportional to current flowing through it.
8. What does the slope of graph between voltage and current represent?
Resistance
9. What are primary and secondary cells? Whose internal resistance is

more?
Primary cells are the ones which cannot be recharged and have to be discarded after
the expiration of the lifetime whereas, secondary cells need to be recharged when the
charge gets over. primary cells have high internal resistance.
10.What is battery eliminator?

Battery Eliminator is a device used to convert high voltage alternating current into low
voltage direct current.
11.What is bridge network? State its balancing condition. What is the name
of this balancing condition?
They are connected with 4 resistors like that of a bridge. It is used to measure the unknown
resistance. In balanced Wheatstone's bridge, zero current flow through galvanometer.
P/Q=R/S where the total current will be zero is the balancing condition.
Balanced wheat stone bridge.
12.What is role of galvanometer in meter bridge experiment?
Galvanometer is used to detect the feeble current in the circuit.
13.What is Jockey? What is the purpose of sliding jockey over the meter
long wire (made up of constantan) of the meter bridge device?
Jockey is a metal wire having one end as knife edge used for sliding on the bridge. when the
jockey is slided over the wire such that when it is pressed the galvanometer shows no
deflection.
14.What is end correction? How it is achieved?

The shifting of zero of the scale at different points as well as the stray resistance
due to non-uniformity of metal wire gives rise to end error in meter bridge. End
error can be removed by repeating the experiment by interchanging unknown and
known resistance and finally taking the mean value of resistance obtained in each
experiment.
15.What is the principle of potentiometer? What is potential gradient?

Principle-The fall of potential along a uniform wire is propotional to its length.
Fall of potential per unit length of potentiometer wire is known as potential gradient.

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1. What is electrical resistance?

How does it change with length, thickness,

 The cross-sectional area of the conductor

Electrical resistance is directly proportional to length (L) of the conductor and

5. What are Ammeter and voltmeter? Ammeter is connected in series

6. Resistance coil are generally made up of alloys, why?

9. What are primary and secondary cells? Whose internal resistance is

10.What is battery eliminator?

14.What is end correction? How it is achieved?

15.What is the principle of potentiometer? What is potential gradient?

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